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Aims: Although IDS is typically described as slower than adult-directed speech (ADS), potential impacts of slower speech on language development have not been examined. We explored whether IDS speech rates in 42 mother-infant dyads at four time periods predicted children's language outcomes at two years. Method: We correlated IDS speech rate with child language outcomes at two years, and contrasted outcomes in dyads displaying high/low rate profiles. Outcomes: Slower IDS rate at 7 months significantly correlated with vocabulary knowledge at two years. Slowed IDS may benefit child language learning even before children first speak.

The resolution of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-3-N-ethylcarbamoyl-5-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one (R,S)-(+/-)-5 by chiral HPLC and assignment of the absolute configuration of the two enantiomers was carried out. Compound (R,S)-(+/-)-5 and its enantiomers were tested in a binding assay to evaluate their affinity for AMPA receptors. Enantiomer (S)-(-)-5 appears to be more potent than its optical antipode (R)-(+)-5. In a primary culture of rat cerebellar granule cells, which express AMPA receptors, (R,S)-(+/-)-5 and (S)-(-)-5 inhibited kainate- induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase, thus confirming the antagonism at the AMPA receptor.

The resolution of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-7,8-methylenedioxy-1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-4H-benzodiazepin-4-one (+/-)-(R,S)-2 was accomplished by chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of (+)-2, determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis, was R. The in vivo anticonvulsant activity of the enantiomers (+)-(R)-2 and (-)-(S)-2 is reported. It has been also demonstrated that compound (+/-)-(R,S)-2 in vivo undergoes oxidative metabolism to derivative 1., ((c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)

The retention behaviour of racemic 1-(4-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,5-tetrahydro-7,8-methylendioxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one derivatives with anticonvulsant activity on several chiral stationary phases was investigated. The selective performances of six polysaccharide phases, namely, Chiralcel OA, OD, OF, OG, OJ and Chiralpak AD were studied and normal phase HPLC methods were optimized to separate the enantiomeric forms of this class of compounds. The chiral recognition mechanism between the analytes and the chiral selectors was discussed. A molecular modeling study was carried out with the aim to explore the enantioselective molecular recognition process with the Chiralcel OG stationary phase.

The inclusion into the beta-cyclodextrin is used to improve pharmacokinetic characteristics of hesperetin and naringenin. Solubility of hesperetin and naringenin with increasing concentrations of beta-cyclodextrin grows as long as the temperature increased. Stability constants were determined by the solubility method by Higuchi and Connors at different temperatures, and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated for inclusion complex formation in aqueous solution. The solid complexes were obtained in a molar ratio of 1:1 and their dissolution behavior at different pH was examined.