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Nanan Miao,1,* Tao Jiang,1,* Yuanchao Li,1 Sihong Xue,1 Shilei Hao,2 Chunli Zhou,1 Yujie Gu,1 Ran Li,1 Bo Yu,1 Xiaoqu Duan,1 Wenchao Xu,1 Rupeng Wang,1 Lei Ran1 1Department of Rheumatology and Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Bioengineering, University of Chongqing, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Rupeng Wang; Lei Ran, Department of Rheumatology and Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 23 68755739, Email Wrp71@tmmu.edu.cn; ranlei1010@tmmu.edu.cnBackground: Wound healing is a complex physiological process that can be roughly divided into four stages: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Conventional wound dressings often fail to meet the diverse needs of these healing stages due to their limited functionality. Cryogels, however, possess several attractive properties, such as large, interconnected pores, good mechanical strength, and ease of modification, making them suitable for developing advanced dressings with multiple functions. In this study, we developed a multifunctional cryogel dressing, with biocompatible polysaccharides as the main component, designed to provide a breathable, moist, and antibacterial microenvironment for chronic infected wounds, thereby promoting wound healing.Methods: Recombinant keratin 31 (RK31) was combined with chitosan (CS) to produce a CS/RK31 cryogel, referred to as CK. Gallic acid-reduced silver nanoparticles (GA/Ag NPs) were incorporated as the active antibacterial component to create the CS/K31@GA/Ag cryogel, known as CKGA. The cryogel was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a universal testing machine, and its biocompatibility was assessed in vitro. The dynamic hemostatic performance of the cryogel was evaluated with a rat tail amputation bleeding model. Additionally, the antibacterial effects of the cryogel against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were tested using agar diffusion assays and turbidimetry. The antioxidant capacity of the CKGA cryogel was also measured in vitro. Finally, the cryogel’s ability to promote wound healing was tested in an SD rat model of infected wounds.Results: Characterization results showed that the CKGA cryogel features an interpenetrating porous network structure and exhibits excellent mechanical properties, with a swelling rate of up to 1800%. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that the cryogel has good biocompatibility, effectively absorbs exudates, and rapidly stops bleeding. The addition of GA/Ag NPs provided significant antibacterial effects, achieving an inhibition rate of over 99.9% against both S. aureus and E. coli. Furthermore, CKGA cryogels demonstrated a strong scavenging capacity for ROS in a dose-dependent manner. Studies using the SD rat infected wound model showed that the cryogel effectively inhibited bacterial proliferation on wound surfaces, reduced local tissue inflammation, and promoted the healing of infected wounds.Conclusion: The multifunctional cryogel, with its rapid hemostatic, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to promote cell proliferation, could be widely used as a wound dressing for the healing of bacterial infections. Keywords: nanocomposite cryogel, hemostasis, antioxidant, antibacterial, wound healing

Longyin Zhu,* Juan Cai,* Jia Fang, Lingyu Ran, Huan Chang, Huhai Zhang, Jiamin Zeng, Qin Yang, Chunxiao Fu, Qingping Li, Qianguang Pan, Hongwen Zhao Department of Nephrology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Military Medical University (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongwen Zhao; Qianguang Pan, Email zhaohw212@126.com; panqianguang@163.comObjective: Analyze risk factors for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) in adults and establish a nomogram model for CSA-AKI based on plasma soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) and clinical characteristics.Methods: In a study of 170 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured plasma suPAR levels. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified risk factors associated with CSA-AKI. Subsequently, the CSA-AKI nomogram model was developed using R software. Predictive performance was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Internal validation was performed through the Bootstrap method with 1000 repeated samples. Additionally, decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the clinical applicability of the model.Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that being male, age ≥ 50 years, operation time ≥ 290 minutes, postoperative plasma suPAR at 2 hours, and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were independent risk factors for CSA-AKI. Employing these variables as predictive factors, a nomogram model was constructed, an ROC curve was generated, and the AUC was computed as 0.817 (95% CI 0.726– 0.907). The calibration curve indicated the accuracy of the model, and the results of DCA demonstrated that the model could benefit the majority of patients.Conclusion: Being male, age ≥ 50 years, operation time ≥ 290 minutes, low preoperative LVEF, and elevated plasma suPAR at 2 hours are independent risk factors for CSA-AKI. The nomogram model established based on these risk factors has high accuracy and clinical value, serving as a predictive tool for assessing the risk of CSA-AKI.Keywords: nomogram, acute kidney injury, prediction model, risk factors, cardiac surgery

Chenyu Zhang,1,2,* Yalan Li,1,* Wo Wang,1 Zhenghao Jiang,1 Chuan Liu,1 Yiting Kong,2 Daqi Li,1 Liuyi Ran,1 Li Kuang1,2 1Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Liuyi Ran; Li Kuang, Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-023-65714061, Email ranliuyi@163.com; kuangli0308@163.comPurpose: The aim of our study was to explore the relation between serum levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants, thyroid function with the risk of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in depressed adolescents.Patients and Methods: We retrospected the electronic records of 454 hospitalized patients aged 13– 17 years old with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (239 patients with NSSI and 215 subjects without NSSI), and collected their demographic and clinical information, including serum levels of total bilirubin (Tbil), uric acid (UA), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).Results: The incidence of NSSI was 52.6% among depressed adolescents aged 13– 17, 57.1% in female and 38.5% in male. After using the propensity scoring method to exclude the influence of age between the two groups, it was found that patients with NSSI showed lower levels of Tbil (P=0.046) and UA (P=0.015) compared with those without NSSI. Logistic regression results showed that serum UA was associated with NSSI behavior in female patients (OR=0.995, 95% CI: 0.991– 0.999, P=0.014), and TSH was associated with NSSI in male participants (OR=0.499, 95% CI: 0.267– 0.932, P=0.029).Conclusion: Female and male may have different pathological mechanisms of NSSI. NSSI is more likely to be related to antioxidant reaction in female adolescent patients, while more likely to be related to thyroid function in male depressed adolescent patients.Keywords: antioxidant system, depressed adolescents, incidence, non-suicidal self-injury, thyroid function

Mengtian Shan,1 Huimin Wan,1 Linyu Ran,1 Jihui Ye,1 Wang Xie,2 Jingjing Lu,1 Xueping Hu,1 Shengjie Deng,1 Wenyu Zhang,1 Miao Chen,3 Feilong Wang,1 Zhongliang Guo1,4 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ji’an Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhongliang Guo; Feilong Wang, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150st Jimo Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-38804518, Fax +86-21-20334513, Email drguozhl@163.com; wang_feilong@tongji.edu.cnBackground: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are clinically severe respiratory disorders without available pharmacological therapies. Dynasore is a cell-permeable molecule that inhibits GTPase activity and exerts protective effects in several disease models. However, whether dynasore can alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI is unknown. This study investigated the effect of dynasore on macrophage activation and explored its potential mechanisms in LPS-induced ALI in vitro and in vivo.Methods: Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were activated classically with LPS or subjected to NLRP3 inflammasome activation with LPS+ATP. A mouse ALI model was established by the intratracheal instillation (i.t.) of LPS. The expression of PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein was detected by Western blots. Inflammatory mediators were analyzed in the cell supernatant, in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Morphological changes in lung tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. F4/80, Caspase-1 and GSDMD distribution in lung tissue was detected by immunofluorescence.Results: Dynasore downregulated nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and reduced proinflammatory cytokine production in vitro and inhibited the production and release of interleukin (IL)-1β, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and macrophage pyroptosis through the Drp1/ROS/NLRP3 axis. Dynasore significantly reduced lung injury scores and proinflammatory cytokine levels in both BALF and serum in vivo, including IL-1β and IL-6. Dynasore also downregulated the co-expression of F4/80, caspase-1 and GSDMD in lung tissue.Conclusion: Collectively, these findings demonstrated that dynasore could alleviate LPS-induced ALI by regulating macrophage pyroptosis, which might provide a new therapeutic strategy for ALI/ARDS.Keywords: acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, dynasore, inflammation

Hongxia Jia, Liwei Ran Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liwei Ran, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 010 85231374, Email wlbrlw@163.comAbstract: A 76-year-old male developed a maculopapular rash on his trunk and extremities. The rash appeared 2 months after Finasteride administration for his prostatic hyperplasia. Clinical suspicion was of drug exanthema due to Finasteride. The clinical and histologic data were compatible with pharmacologic eruption by Finasteride.Keywords: maculopapular, drug eruption, Finasteride

Shunyu Yao,1,2 Suxia Wang,3,* Runxi Yi,1,4,* Liwei Ran,5 Cang Zhang2 1Chinese Traditional Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Pathological Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Liwei Ran, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 010 85231374, Email wlbrlw@163.com Cang Zhang, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Back Street of Art Gallery, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13693219292, Email zhangcang@bjzhongyi.comAbstract: An 81-year-old woman presented with purpura, petechiae, ecchymoses, flesh or brown-colored waxy, smooth, papules, warty plaque, nail dystrophy and palmodigital erythematous swelling for more than 6 years. She was diagnosed as multiple myeloma-associated systemic amyloidosis after skin subcutaneous histopathological examinations and relevant examinations such as blood and bone marrow. Systemic amyloidosis is closely related with multiple myeloma (MM). Multiple and pleomorphic skin lesions are not usual among patients with multiple myeloma or systemic amyloidosis.Keywords: multiple myeloma, primary systemic amyloidosis, monoclonal immunoglobulin

Kai Jiang,1,2 Jing Feng,2 Xia Qi,2 Lili Ran,2 Lixin Xie2 1Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, People’s Republic of China; 2Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lixin Xie, Shandong Eye Institute, 5 Yan’erdao Road, Qingdao, 266071, Tel +8613335026472, Email Lixin_xie@hotmail.comPurpose: In search of new potent treatment of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), inhibitory effect of oridonin (Ori) on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was validated by experiments.Methods: For evaluating inhibitory effect of oridonin on herpes simplex virus type 1, a series of in-vivo and in-vitro studies were carried out. Mouse HSV-1 infection model was used in the in-vivo experiments. Experimental mice were classified in five different groups: Mock (mock-infected), HSV-1+ DMSO, HSV-1+ Ori, HSV-1+ ACV, combined Ori and ACV+HSV-1. Corneas of Mock, HSV-1+ DMSO, HSV-1+ Ori group were sent for mRNA-sequencing after 3 days post infection (dpi). The expression of virus and host-related genes was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Vero cells HSV-1 infection models were used in the in-vitro experiments.Results: The application of ACV, Oridonin alone or a combination of both could alleviate HSV-1 severity and inhibit HSV-1 virus replication in C57BL/6 mice models. qPCR showed that compared with mock group, the expression of interleukin-6 (il-6), interleukin-1α (il-1α), and Tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) was up-regulated in DMSO+HSV-1 group and suppressed in other three group. Moreover, the expression of nod-like receptor protein (nlrp3), caspase 1 and interleukin-1β (il-1β) were depressed in the oridonin-treated group. Oridonin significantly inhibits HSV-1 replication, HSV-1 related gene expression, and the production of progeny HSV-1 viruses in vitro. Besides, oridonin affect the replication phase but not HSV-1 entry or penetration and cannot inactivate HSV-1.Conclusion: Oridonin alleviates herpes simplex keratitis infection in mouse, which may be attributed to inhibition of the NLRP3-inflammasome-IL-1β pathway. Our study illustrates that Oridonin has potential promise for application in treating HSK and other diseases caused by HSV-1 infection.Keywords: oridonin, HSV-1, herpes simplex keratitis, herb, nlrp3, inflammasome

Lei Ran,* Shi-Ya Peng,* Wei Wang, Qian Wu, Yuan-Chao Li, Ru-Peng Wang Department of Rheumatology and Dermatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, 430037, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ru-Peng Wang, Department of Rheumatology and Dermatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, 430037, People’s Republic of China, Email wrp71@163.comPurpose: Developing the ideal drug or dressing is a serious challenge to controlling the occurrence of antibacterial infection during wound healing. Thus, it is important to prepare novel nanofibers for a wound dressing that can control bacterial infections. In our study, the novel self-assembled nanofibers of benzalkonium bromide with bioactive peptide materials of IKVAV and RGD were designed and fabricated.Methods: Different drug concentration effects of encapsulation efficacy, swelling ratio and strength were determined. Its release profile in simulated wound fluid and its cytotoxicity were studied in vitro. Importantly, the antibacterial efficacy, inhibition of biofilm formation effect and wound healing against MRSA infections in vitro and in vivo were performed after observing the tissue toxicity in vivo.Results: It was found that the optimized drug load (0.8%) was affected by the encapsulation efficacy, swelling ratio, and strength. In addition, the novel nanofibers with average diameter (222.0 nm) and stabile zeta potential (− 11.2 mV) have good morphology and characteristics. It has a delayed released profile in the simulated wound fluid and good biocompatibility with L929 cells and most tissues. Importantly, the nanofibers were shown to improve antibacterial efficacy, inhibit biofilm formation, and lead to accelerated wound healing following infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: These data suggest that novel nanofibers could effectively shorten the wound-healing time by inhibiting biofilm formation, which make it promising candidates for treatment of MRSA-induced wound infections.Keywords: nanofibers, wound enclosure, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm, antibacterial effect

Yiting Kong,1,&ast; Chuan Liu,2,&ast; Chenyu Zhang,1 Wo Wang,2 Yalan Li,2 Haitang Qiu,1 Gaomao Wang,2 Daqi Li,2 Xiaorong Chen,2 Zhen Lv,2 Dongdong Zhou,2 Liyang Wan,2 Ming Ai,1 Jianmei Chen,1 Liuyi Ran,2,&ast; Li Kuang1,2,&ast; 1Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Liuyi Ran, Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-023-65714061, Email ranliuyi@163.com Li Kuang, Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-023-89012696, Email kuangli0308@163.comPurpose: Uric acid (UA) is thought to exert neuroprotective roles. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of serum UA with suicide attempts (SA) in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder (MDD).Patients and Methods: We retrospectively recruited 533 participants with MDD aged 13 to 25 years, of which 168 had a history of SA in the past three months and 365 did not have a history of SA. Serum UA levels were measured using the uricase-peroxidase coupling method. In addition to overall serum UA level comparison in MDD individuals with and without SA, a stratified analysis by biological sex was carried out.Results: Compared to MDD individuals without a history of SA, serum UA levels were significantly lower in MDD individuals with SA (P < 0.001). Female MDD, but not male MDD individuals, with SA exhibited lower levels of UA than those without SA (P < 0.01). Importantly, serum UA remained significantly associated with SA in MDD individuals (OR = 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993∼ 0.999, P < 0.01) when controlling for possible confounding variables.Conclusion: This research identifies a relationship between serum UA levels and SA in adolescents and young adults with MDD. UA may represent a biological risk marker for SA, in particular for female MDD individuals.Keywords: suicide, MDD, uric acid, antioxidant, oxidative stress, biomarker

Taylor A Huhta,1 Lydia Ran,1 Craig W Cooper,1 Michael J Davis,1 Joshua Kornbluth,2 Deeb N Salem1 1Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; 2Department of Neurology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USACorrespondence: Taylor A Huhta, Tufts Medical Center, Department of Medicine, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, Tel +1 508 237 6242, Email taylor.huhta@gmail.comBackground: The association between Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) has been appreciated for over two decades, while the physiological mechanisms between the two conditions are less so. In the time since, the progress in understanding molecular mechanisms and the accumulation of reported cases in the literature together have provided the beginnings for a deeper understanding of the disease pathways connecting these two conditions.Methods: Case report.Results: We report a 75-year-old woman with a history of prior TC who presented with symmetric bilateral paresthesias and weakness all preceded by symptoms concerning for an upper respiratory infection. The patient required intubation shortly after arrival due to respiratory failure, and routine electrocardiogram found evidence of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in multiple leads. Subsequent echocardiogram revealed findings consistent with TC, and electromyographic evaluation confirmed GBS. The patient clinically improved with plasmapheresis and had returned to her cardiac and neurologic baselines on outpatient follow-up.Conclusion: GBS contributes directly to the pathogenesis of TC, both through direct action on cardiac nerves and an increase in resting sympathetic tone. While the stress of intubation likely contributes to a sympathogenic state within GBS, it is unlikely the principal factor predicting the development of TC within this unique subset of patients. TC should be considered in any patient with an acute neuropathy whenever signs of progressive dysautonomia are present.Keywords: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, myocardial stunning, Guillain-Barré syndrome, dysautonomia

Yu Cui,1,&ast; Yu Wang,2,&ast; Jing Yang,1,&ast; Longqing Ran,1,&ast; Qianqian Zhang,1 Qinghua Huang,1 Tianqing Gong,1 Rong Cao,1 Xiao Yang3 1Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, UESTC Chengdu Women’s & Children’s Central Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, No.363 Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Hospital Management, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, UESTC Chengdu Women’s & Children’s Central Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiao Yang, Tel/Fax +86 13882288881, Email yczar@126.comStudy Objective: Pain management plays a pivotal role in enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is widely used in many regions to treat perioperative pain, but its benefits are still somewhat controversial. We, therefore, intent to systematically review the available literature on ESPB, to elucidate its effects on opioid-sparing analgesia, and summarize its potential complications.Design: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis.Setting: Postoperative opioid consumption for various surgeries.Patients: Patients undergoing various surgeries.Intervention: We searched relevant studies in PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and the Cochrane Library up to May 16, 2021. All prospective and RCTs that compared ESPB and sham block or no block were enrolled.Measurements: The primary outcomes were postoperative opioid consumption during the first 24 hours. The secondary outcomes were the requirement of rescue analgesia, time to first rescue analgesic and ESPB-related adverse events.Results: We included 52 trials that reported postoperative opioid consumption during the first 24 hours. The results presented that compared to control group (ie, no intervention or a sham block), ESPB reduced the accumulated opioid consumption during the first 24 h after surgery [mean difference (MD) of − 12.83 (95% CI: − 17.29 to − 8.38; p < 0.001) mg; I2 = 100%]. Besides, ESPB could prolong time to first rescue analgesia after surgery [SMD = 5.31; 95% CI 4.01– 6.61; p < 0.001; I2 = 97%]. The number of patients who received rescue analgesia after surgery in the ESPB group was less than that in the control group (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.09, 0.21; p < 0.001; I2 = 54%), and the incidence of PONV was lower in the ESPB group (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.43, 0.62; p < 0.001; I2 = 19%).Conclusion: ESPB is an effective technique on pain management with few complications.Keywords: erector spinae plane block, ESPB, opioid consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV

Li Ran,1 Xiaodong Tan,1,2 Yubin Zhang3 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Management and Administration, Wuchang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaodong Tan, Fax +8627 68758648, Email 00300469@whu.edu.cnIntroduction: Facing a grim public challenge caused by COVID-19, many countries decide to live with it for a long time, whereas China continues to enforce precise community-based public health management. This paper summarized China’s approaches and aimed to provide illumination for health services decision-makers.Methods: We systematically reviewed the construction of precise community-based public health management from three aspects: organizational structure, service content, and flexible adjustment, and summed up four essential elements for success. Then, we selected 9 typical countries to compare their non-pharmaceutical strategies and daily new cases.Results: China’s community-based public health management has a clear four-level organizational structure. It has worked on infection control, surveillance for new cases, management of contacts, health education, medicare service, outdoor environment disinfection, and living material supply in different stages, and the daily new confirmed cases in Wuhan sustainedly declined to zero. The outbreak was relatively well contained in China, Italy, and Germany as of June 2020, as they adopted stricter movement restrictions, social distance, and patient tracking.Conclusion: China’s experience has proved the feasibility of non-pharmaceutical strategies responding to COVID-19. The precise community-based public health management strategy can be considered, as it’s pretty much the same as public health and social measures (PHSMs) advocated by WHO.Keywords: COVID-19, public health management, community, pandemic response

Xue Tian,1,&ast; Feiyue Yang,2,&ast; Fenghu Li,1 Li Ran,1 Jianying Chang,1 Jiehui Li,1 Wei Hong,3 Lang Shan,1 Yanjun Du,1 Lili Hu,1 Fan Mei,1 Mingyuan He,1 Yongxia Li,1 Heran Wang,1 Kai Zuo,1 Bo Zhou,4 Shuying Chen,1 Wanli Mao1 1Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China; 4Surgical Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Fenghu Li; Li Ran Email 769654418@qq.com; ranli171@hotmail.comPurpose: To examine the clinical significance of unoperated cervical cancer patients treated with different neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) schemes followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CCRT).Methods: This retrospective analysis included women with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with NACT-CCRT between September 2011 and September 2014. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy included paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP group; 62 patients) or paclitaxel plus loplatin (TL group; 58 patients), which were administered three weekly, and cisplatin or loplatin, which were administered weekly for synchronous chemotherapy. External beam radiation therapy (50.4– 56.35 Gy/28 f, 180– 215 cGy/f, 5 f/w) was followed by intracavitary brachytherapy (5 Gy per fraction, mostly 5 fractions, Ir192 based).Results: One hundred twenty women were included in the analysis. The complete/partial response rate was 99.2% after treatment. The one-year, three-year, and five-year survival rates were 99.2%, 82.5%, and 70.8%, respectively. In the TP and TL groups, the three-year and five-year survival rates were 85.5% vs 77.6% and 75.8% vs 65.5%, respectively, with no significant difference. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates between patients with stage IIB and stage IIIB disease were not significantly different (69.2% vs 64.7%). In the TP group, grade 3 or 4 digestive reactions were more frequent than those in the TL group. Leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were more common in the TL group. No significant difference was found in anemia, radiation enteritis, radiation proctitis, or radiation cystitis between the groups.Conclusion: Lobaplatin may be used as an alternative drug for patients with severe digestive system reactions or contraindications to cisplatin, but hematological toxicity must be considered, particularly in dose-intensive schemes. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (NACT-CCRT) warrants further prospective study in cervical cancer patients with a wide range of tumor invasion (eg, mass size ≥ 5 cm or stage IIIB).Keywords: cervical cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, survival benefit, side effects

Jiao-Yang Li,1,2 Jing Yang,1,2 Xiao-Yan Qi,1 Yan-Hua Luo,1 Ya-Di Wang,1,2 Zhe-Zhen Liao,1,2 Li Ran,1 Xin-Hua Xiao,1,2 Jiang-Hua Liu1,2 1Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jiang-Hua Liu; Xin-Hua Xiao Email jianghua990@hotmail.com; xinhua0102@163.com

Chunrong Li,* Li Tang,* Yingjuan Luo, Ting Lai, Lingling Gu, Yumei Wang, Liu Yang, Longrong Ran, Rongkang Wen, Yonghong Lin Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yonghong LinChengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 1617, Riyue Avenue, Qingyang District, Chengdu 610091, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13808031895Fax +86 28 61866003Email yhlin1022@163.comAbstract: Four months after the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed in Wuhan, the national epidemic has been effectively controlled in China. In Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province, several management measures, which have been proven to be effective, are taken to prevent pregnant women from being infected with COVID-19. Firstly, Chengdu formulated and issued the “Working Opinions on the Management of Maternal Women during the Epidemic Period of COVID-19 Infection” immediately after the outbreak. Secondly, some basic information of pregnant women returning from high-risk areas and countries is requested to be reported on a daily basis. Thirdly, a group of experts in Obstetrics, Pediatrics and Hospital Infection Management supervise the implementation of the COVID-19 health care services for pregnant women in primary care institutes. Fourthly, the list of health institutes providing services for confirmed and suspected cases was determined and announced to the public by the government promptly. Additionally, the prevention of mother to infant transmission of HIV is continually strictly practiced during the period of the COVID-19 epidemic. Lastly, all inpatients in the health facilities of Chengdu, including maternity hospitals, are required to have a COVID-19 RT-PCR test to further prevent nosocomial infection. Now, many people living in high-risk countries are coming to Chengdu, and it is therefore necessary to make the prevention and control measures a long-term process.Keywords: COVID-19, pregnant women, control measures, effectively

Xiaofen Li,1 Hai Huang,1,2 Longyao Ran,3 Chao Fang,4 Yongyang Yu,4 Manxi Luo,5 Meng Qiu1 1Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Administration, West China Hospital of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 5Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, AustraliaCorrespondence: Meng QiuDepartment of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People’s Republic of ChinaTel + 86-28-85422589Fax + 86-28-85423609Email qiumeng33@hotmail.comBackground: Ovarian metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRC) is rare and lacks standard treatment. The benefit of metastatectomy remains to be elucidated. This study was conducted to assess the impact of metastatectomy on survival outcome and explore prognostic factors in ovarian metastatic CRC patients.Methods: Information of ovarian metastatic CRC patients between January 2008 and December 2017 were collected retrospectively from database of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate disease-specific survival (DSS) after diagnosis of ovarian metastasis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to identify prognostic factors.Results: Totally, 68 female patients from a cohort of 2170 cases were eligible. The median age at diagnosis was 46.5 years. The median DSS was 25.0 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 21.0– 29.0 months). Kaplan–Meier analysis and Log rank test showed that complete resection of ovarian metastases (median DSS: 33.0 months) could significantly prolong patients’ survival time, compared with palliative and no resection (median DSS: 20.0 months and 22.0 months, respectively), regardless of systemic chemotherapy (P< 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated regional lymph nodes metastasis of primary tumor (hazard ratio (HR): 3.438, 95% CI: 1.094– 10.810, P=0.035), primary tumor resection (HR: 6.436, 95% CI: 1.770– 23.399, P=0.005), differentiation grade (HR: 0.272, 95% CI: 0.107– 0.693, P=0.006), complete resection of ovarian metastases (vs palliative resection: HR: 17.091, 95% CI: 3.040– 96.099, P=0.001; vs no resection: HR: 9.519, 95% CI: 1.581– 57.320, P=0.014), and systemic chemotherapy (HR: 3.059, 95% CI: 1.089– 8.595 P=0.034) were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion: Complete resection of ovarian metastases could independently predict favorable survival in ovarian metastatic CRC, while palliative resection could not improve patients’ prognosis compared with no resection.Keywords: ovarian metastasis, colorectal cancer, metastatectomy

Xiaodong Tan,1,2 Li Ran,2 Fucui Liao3 1School of Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Insurance and Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiaodong TanWuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 00300469@whu.edu.cnFucui LiaoZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 371381804@qq.comAbstract: The contactless food supply and delivery system of Raytheon Mountain Hospital is an innovative action to solve the dining problem and balance nutrition for medical staff and patients. The system was established according to five approval criteria, including localization, experience in hospital meal service, sufficient raw materials and supporting facilities, food safety, and high execution in dispatching. From the preparation phase to service optimization and improvement, the service model of the full collection of food and beverage information, point-to-point distribution, contactless food delivery, one-stop ordering, and full coverage of separately eating is established to safeguard the contactless food supply and delivery system operating smoothly. As of April 15, 2020 Raytheon Mountain Hospital had been operating safely for 68 days with no occurrence of food safety accident.Keywords: COVID-19, food delivery, medical staff, nutrition, Raytheon Mountain Hospital

Ozone and its precursors were measured from 15 June 2006 to 14 June 2007 at an urban site in Shanghai and used to characterize photochemical oxidant production in this region. During the observation period, ozone displays a seasonal variation with a maximum in spring. Observed nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) reached a maximum in winter and a minimum in summer. NOx and CO has a similar double-peak diurnal cycle, implying that they are largely of motor vehicle origin. Total nonmethane organic compounds (NMOC) concentrations averaged over the morning, and the 24-hour periods have a large day-to-day variation with no apparent seasonal cycle. Aromatics play a dominant role in contributing to total NMOC reactivity and ozone-forming potential. Anthropogenic NMOC of diverse sources are major components of total NMOC and consist mainly of moderate and low reactivity species. In contrast, relatively low levels of biogenic NMOC concentrations were observed in urban Shanghai. The early morning NMOC/NOx ratios are typically below 8:1 with an average of around 4:1, indicating that the sampling location is situated in a NMOC-limited regime. Model simulations confirm that potential photochemical ozone production in Shanghai is NMOC-sensitive. It is presently difficult to predict the impact of future human activities, such as the increase of automobiles and vegetation-covered landscapes and the reduction of aerosol on ozone pollution in the fast developing megacities of China, and additional studies are needed to better understand the highly nonlinear ozone problem. © 2009., the American Geophysical Union.

A 60-year-old woman with bilateral lower extremity oedema for several days was admitted to the hospital on 21 November 2023. Previously, after receiving rectal cancer resection in February 2023, she had been receiving drug chemotherapy, during which she had normal urinalysis and renal function. However, 10 days before admission, after the drug regimen was adjusted to tislelizumab + fruquintinib, she developed bilateral lower extremity oedema with foamy urine; this was later extended to facial oedema. After a histologic examination of renal biopsy, it was judged as drug-induced glomerular microangiopathy (GMA) with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis-like lesions accompanied by immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. The condition was controlled by stopping the anti-tumour drug, lowering glucose with linagliptin, and providing renal protection with Nephritis Rehabilitation Tablets, and the patient recovered well at the follow-up visit after 6 months. This case may be GMA induced by tislelizumab or fruquintinib and was examined in this study.

Abstract Background At approximately 4:00 PM on 18 July 2023, a heavy rainstorm lasting one hour triggered a significant mudstone landslide in Dongping, Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, Northwest China. The landslide resulted in the burial of houses, the fracturing and destruction of roads, and posed a serious threat to 16 households. The estimated economical loss from this disaster reached 3.2 million yuan. This study presents a detailed field investigation of the Dongping landslide, focusing on the deformation and failure characteristics through a multi-layered analysis of sliding strata, rock mass structure, slope configuration, and failure mechanism. Moreover, the study explores the key triggering factors of the Dongping landslide, with particular attention to the roles of seismic activity, rainfall, and preferential flow in the development of large-scale mudstone landslides. Results The stratigraphic profile of the Dongping landslide reveals a two-layer structure, consisting of overlying loess and underlying mudstone, with the sliding surface primarily located within the underlying Neogene red mudstone. The initiation location of the Dongping landslide is situated at the rear of the slope, while the main slip-resistant section is located in the middle section of the landslide, exhibiting a predominantly thrust-sliding. After encountering resistance in the middle section, the front part of the sliding mass continued to move, leading to the formation of secondary landslides. The overall movement of the Dongping landslide is characterized by rotational sliding, with the sliding mass remaining relatively intact. Conclusions The initiation of the large-scale mudstone landslide in Dongping was driven by multiple factors. The heavy rainfall served as the direct triggering factor for the landslide occurrence. However, some historical factors, including seismic activity and previous sliding surface, had already weakened the slope structure by degrading the mechanical properties of the landslide mass and creating preferential flow channels, thereby setting the stage for the Dongping landslide. Structural fractures in the landslide area, along with sinkholes formed by a combination of tectonic joints, soil properties, and human activities, constituted preferential seepage pathways for water within the slope. These pathways provided the hydraulic conditions necessary for rainfall-induced landslides, making them the primary controlling factors in the occurrence of the Dongping landslide.

Excessive existence of fluoride in water resources can lead to harmful impacts on ecosystems and organisms. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes loaded with La(OH)3 nanorods composites (La(OH)3/PAN electrospun nanofiber membranes [ENFMs]) are fabricated and used as an efficient fluoride scavenger. Adsorbent fabricate protocols, pH, initial F− concentration, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time, in addition to coexisting anions, were systematically evaluated. The investigation unveils that a pH of 3.0 is optimal for F− remediation. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm of La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs are well described by the pseudo-second-order model (R 2 > 0.997) with characteristics of chemisorption and Langmuir isotherm (R 2 > 0.999) with the feature of single-layer coverage. The existence of Cl−, SO4 2−, NO3 −, and CO3 2− does not significantly hinder fluoride removal by La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs with the exception of PO4 3−. Calculations of ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS reveal that the nature of F− adsorption onto La(OH)3/PAN ENFMs is endothermic and favorable at a higher temperature.

Abstract Human genetics analysis has identified many noncoding SNPs associated with diabetic traits, but whether and how these variants contribute to diabetes is largely unknown. Here, we focus on a noncoding variant, rs6048205, and report that the risk-G variant impairs the generation of PDX1+/NKX6-1+ pancreatic progenitor cells and further results in the abnormal decrease of functional β cells during pancreatic differentiation. Mechanistically, this risk-G variant greatly enhances RXRA binding and over-activates FOXA2 transcription, specifically in the pancreatic progenitor stage, which in turn represses NKX6-1 expression. Consistently, inducible FOXA2 overexpression could phenocopy the differentiation defect. More importantly, mice carrying risk-G exhibit abnormal pancreatic islet architecture and are more sensitive to streptozotocin or a high-fat diet to develop into diabetes eventually. This study not only identifies a causal noncoding variant in diabetes susceptibility but also dissects the underlying gain-of-function mechanism by recruiting stage-specific factors.

Abstract We propose that the thermodynamics and the kinetics of state switching for the asymptotically flat black hole enclosed by a cavity can be studied in terms of the free energy landscape formalism. The generalized free energy for the black hole enclosed by a cavity in the canonical ensemble is derived by using the York’s approach, where the temperature on the cavity and the charges inside the cavity are kept as the fixed parameters. By quantifying the corresponding free energy landscape, we obtain the phase diagrams for the black hole in cavity, which reveal a Hawking–Page type transition for the uncharged black hole and a Van der Waals type transition for the charged black hole. We further assume that the dynamics of black hole state switching is mutually determined by the gradient force and the stochastic force arising from the free energy landscape and the thermal noises respectively. We then derive a recurrence relation for the n-momentum of the first passage time distribution function, which enables the calculation of the kinetic times characterized by the mean first passage time and its relative fluctuation. Our analysis illustrates that the kinetics of black hole state switching is determined by the ensemble temperature and the barrier height on the free energy landscape.

Abstract Leveraging its ability to handle large and complex datasets, artificial intelligence can uncover subtle patterns and correlations that human observation may overlook. This is particularly valuable for understanding the intricate dynamics of spinal surgery and its multifaceted impacts on patient prognosis. This review aims to delineate the role of artificial intelligence in spinal surgery. A search of the PubMed database from 1992 to 2023 was conducted using relevant English publications related to the application of artificial intelligence in spinal surgery. The search strategy involved a combination of the following keywords: "Artificial neural network," "deep learning," "artificial intelligence," "spinal," "musculoskeletal," "lumbar," "vertebra," "disc," "cervical," "cord," "stenosis," "procedure," "operation," "surgery," "preoperative," "postoperative," and "operative." A total of 1,182 articles were retrieved. After a careful evaluation of abstracts, 90 articles were found to meet the inclusion criteria for this review. Our review highlights various applications of artificial neural networks in spinal disease management, including (1) assessing surgical indications, (2) assisting in surgical procedures, (3) preoperatively predicting surgical outcomes, and (4) estimating the occurrence of various surgical complications and adverse events. By utilizing these technologies, surgical outcomes can be improved, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients.

Abstract Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a chronic idiopathic granulomatous mastitis of the mammary gland characterized by significant pain and a high propensity for recurrence, the incidence rate has gradually increased, and has become a serious breast disease that should not be ignored. GLM is highly suspected relative to microbial infections, especially those of Corynebacterium species; however, the mechanisms involved are unclear, and prevention and treatment are difficult. In this study, we demonstrated the pathogenicity of Corynebacterium parakroppenstedtii in GLM using Koch’s postulates. Based on the drug sensitization results of C. parakroppenstedtii, and utilizing a retrospective study in conjunction with a comprehensive literature review, we suggested an efficacious, targeted antibiotic treatment strategy for GLM. Subsequently, we identified the pathogenic factor as a new type of glycolipid (named corynekropbactins) secreted by C. parakroppenstedtii. Corynekropbactins may chelate iron, cause the death of mammary cells and other mammary -gland-colonizing bacteria, and increase the levels of inflammatory cytokines. We further analyzed the prevalence of C. parakroppenstedtii infection in patients with GLM. Finally, we suggested that the lipophilicity of C. parakroppenstedtii may be associated with its infection route and proposed a possible model for the development of GLM. This research holds significant implications for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic management of GLM, offering new insights into targeted treatment approaches.

Introduction: Limited information exists regarding the impact of preoperative serum creatinine changes on cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). This study aimed to investigate the development of AKI in patients with a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 who present with an elevation in preoperative serum creatinine. Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed patients who underwent open-heart surgery. Preoperative serum creatinine change was calculated as the ratio of the maximum preoperative serum creatinine value to the baseline creatinine (MCR). Patients were categorized into three groups based on MCR: non-elevation (≤1.0), mild elevation (1.0 to 1.5), and pronounced elevation (≥1.5). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of AKI, severe AKI, and non-recovery from AKI. Results: There were significant increases in the odds of AKI (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–1.57; per 0.1 increase in MCR), severe AKI (adjusted OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15–1.41), and AKI non-recovery (adjusted OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.16–1.43). Pronounced elevation in preoperative serum creatinine was associated with a higher risk of AKI (adjusted OR, 15.45; 95% CI, 6.63–36.00), severe AKI (adjusted OR, 3.62; 95% CI, 1.20–10.87), and AKI non-recovery (adjusted OR, 4.74; 95% CI, 1.63–13.89) than non-elevation. Mild elevation in preoperative serum creatinine was also significantly associated with AKI (adjusted OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.92–7.37). Conclusions: Elevation in preoperative serum creatinine from baseline was associated with an increased risk of AKI; even mild elevation significantly increased the risk of AKI.

Abstract Excess exogenous supplementation of d-galactose (d-gal), a monosaccharide and reducing sugar, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cell damage and death. ROS accumulation is critical in aging. Therefore, d-gal-induced aging mouse models are used in aging studies. Herein, we evaluated d-gal’s effect on neonatal testis development using an in vitro organ culture method. Mouse testicular fragments (MTFs) derived from neonatal testes (postnatal day 5) were cultured with 500 mM d-gal for 5 days. d-gal-treated MTFs showed a significantly increased and decreased expression of undifferentiated and differentiated germ cell markers, respectively, with a substantial reduction in meiotic cells. In d-gal-exposed MTFs, expression levels of Sertoli cell markers (Sox9 and Wt1) increased, while those of StAR and 17β-HSD3, whose expressions are abundant in d-Gal treated adult Leydig cells, decreased. Additionally, the enzyme 3 β-HSD1, essential for steroidogenesis in Leydig cells, was significantly reduced in d-gal-exposed MTFs compared to that in controls.d-gal significantly increased the expression of Bad, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 and -8. Via oxidative stress in MTF. Overall, d-gal negatively regulates germ cell and Leydig cell development in neonatal testes through pro-apoptotic mechanisms and ROS.

Abstract Film color and editing are crucial elements in filmmaking, posing significant questions about their effective use in eliciting emotional responses from viewers. While prior research has explored the impacts of color and editing independently, their combined effect remains largely unexplored, leaving the open question of how these elements together affect emotional perception. This study investigates the combined impact of film color and editing on emotion perception, utilizing both subjective behavioral scales and objective functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques. It employs two experiments with a two-factor design to assess the interactions between film color (colored and black-and-white) and film editing (fearful, neutral, and happy levels) on emotional perceptions. Under the direction of a professional filmmaker, a series of film sequences was created for six experimental conditions. In Experiment 1, 117 participants watched the film sequences and subjectively rated the emotional valence of the neutral face in the sequence, uncovering a significant interaction effect between film color and editing on the valence rating of the neutral face. In Experiment 2, 67 participants watched similar film sequences in an MRI scanner to analyze their brain activation patterns. Distinct activations were identified in regions including the insula, anterior cingulate cortices (ACC), and middle frontal gyrus, where a region-of-interest (ROI) analysis of the left ACC revealed an interaction effect on neural responses. These results underscore the integral role of color and editing in influencing viewers’ emotion perception using two types of measurements. This research provides novel insights into the behavioral and neural responses to filmmaking elements that underpin film reception and offers practical implications for filmmakers, encouraging a more holistic approach to considering color and editing to further enrich the audience’s emotional experiences at the pre-production stage of filmmaking.

Abstract The pathophysiology of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis remains incompletely understood. We conducted single-cell and T-cell receptor transcriptomic sequencing on the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from five patients with grade ≥2 immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. Our analyses revealed a prominent enrichment of T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis. Within the CD4 + T cell subset, Tfh-like T cells were highly enriched and exhibited signatures associated with inflammation and clonal expansion. Regulatory T cells were also enriched and displayed enhanced inhibitory functions. Within the CD8 + T-cell subset, effector memory/tissue-resident memory T cells with an elevated cytotoxic phenotype were highly infiltrated. Among myeloid cells, alveolar macrophages were depleted, while pro-inflammatory intermediate monocytes were elevated. Dendritic cells demonstrated enhanced antigen presentation capabilities. Cytokines CXCR4, CXCL13, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ, and TWEAK were elevated. Through a comprehensive single-cell analysis, we depicted the landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis.

Abstract Intermetallic nanoparticles (NPs) possess significant potentials for catalytic applications, yet their production presents challenges as achieving the disorder-to-order transition during the atom ordering process involves overcoming a kinetic energy barrier. Here, we demonstrate a robust approach utilizing atomic gas-migration for the in-situ synthesis of stable and homogeneous intermetallic alloys for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). This approach relies on the physical mixture of two separately supported metal species in one reactor. The synthesized platinum-zinc intermetallic catalysts demonstrate exceptional stability for 1300 h in continuous propane dehydrogenation under industrially relevant industrial conditions, with extending 95% propylene selectivity and propane conversions approaching thermodynamic equilibrium values at 550–600 oC. In situ characterizations and density functional theory/molecular dynamics simulation reveal Zn atoms adsorb on the particle surface and then diffuse inward, aiding in the formation of ultrasmall and highly ordered intermetallic alloys. This in-situ gas-migration strategy is applicable to a wide range of intermetallic systems.