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2. Discovery of an algal mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase: molecular cloning and characterization of a low-CO2-induced polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Author

Eriksson, Mats, Karlsson, Jan, Ramazanov, Zakir, Gardestrom, Per, and Samuelsson, Goran

Subjects
Chlamydomonas -- Genetic aspects, Polypeptides -- Research, Plant mitochondria -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

In green unicellular algae, several polypeptides are induced upon exposure to limiting C[O.sub.2]. We report here on the localization and characterization of one of these, a 22-kDa polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This nuclear-encoded polypeptide is induced in the mitochondria by a lowering of the partial pressure of C[O.sub.2] in the growth medium from 5% to air C[O.sub.2] levels. Sequencing of two different cDNA clones coding for the polypeptide identified it as a 20.7-kDa [Beta]-type carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate dehydratase, carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1). The two clones differ in their nucleotide sequences but code for identical proteins, showing that this CA is encoded by at least two genes. Northern blot hybridization reveals that mRNA transcripts are only present in cells transfered to air C[O.sub.2] levels. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of other [Beta]-CAs shows the largest degree of similarity with CA from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis (50% identity and 66% similarity). To our knowledge, this is the first identification and characterization of a mitochondrial CA from a photosynthetic organism.

Published
1996

3. Fatty acids and sterols of Griffonia seeds oil

Author

Ramazanov, Zakir and Petkov, Georgi

Subjects
Sterols, Ácidos grasos, Esteroles, lcsh:TX341-641, Fatty acids, Lípidos, Lipids, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Griffonia
Abstract

Lipids, fatty acids and sterols of Griffonia simplicifolia seeds oil were studied. Fatty acid composition is 18:2 - 60 %, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 - 9-18 %, and 20:0 - 3-4 %. The main sterol is β-sitosterol - 60 %, stigmasterol is 29 %, and campesterol is 11 %. Linoleic acid can be relatively simply enriched to 95 % separating the other fatty acids as urea adducts.Se han estudiado los lípidos, ácidos grasos y esteroles del aceite de semillas de Griffonia simplicifolia. La composición en ácidos grasos es 18:2 – 60 %, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 – 9-18 %, y 20:0 – 3-4 %. El principal esterol es el β-sitosterol – 60 %, el estigmasterol constituye el 29 %, y el campesterol el 11 %. El ácido linoleico puede enriquecerse hasta el 95 % separando los otros ácidos grasos como aductos de urea.

Published
2003

4. Fatty acids and sterols of Griffonia seeds oil

Author

Petkov, Georgi and Ramazanov, Zakir

Subjects
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Esteroles, sterols, Lipids, fatty acids, Griffonia, lipids, Sterols, Lípidos, polycyclic compounds, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), TX341-641, Fatty acids, griffonia, Ácidos grasos
Abstract

Lipids, fatty acids and sterols of Griffonia simplicifolia seeds oil were studied. Fatty acid composition is 18:2 - 60 %, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 - 9-18 %, and 20:0 - 3-4 %. The main sterol is β-sitosterol - 60 %, stigmasterol is 29 %, and campesterol is 11 %. Linoleic acid can be relatively simply enriched to 95 % separating the other fatty acids as urea adducts. Se han estudiado los lípidos, ácidos grasos y esteroles del aceite de semillas de Griffonia simplicifolia. La composición en ácidos grasos es 18:2 – 60 %, 16:0, 18:0, 18:1 – 9-18 %, y 20:0 – 3-4 %. El principal esterol es el β-sitosterol – 60 %, el estigmasterol constituye el 29 %, y el campesterol el 11 %. El ácido linoleico puede enriquecerse hasta el 95 % separando los otros ácidos grasos como aductos de urea.

Published
2003
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6. Intracellular carbonic anhydrase of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Author

Karlsson, Jan, Hiltonen, Thomas, Husic, H David, Ramazanov, Zakir, Samuelsson, Göran, Karlsson, Jan, Hiltonen, Thomas, Husic, H David, Ramazanov, Zakir, and Samuelsson, Göran

Abstract

An intracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) was purified to homogeneity from a mutant strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CW 92) lacking a cell wall. Intact cells were washed to remove periplasmic CA and were lysed and fractionated into soluble and membrane fractions by sedimentation. All of the CA activity sedimented with the membrane fraction and was dissociated by treatment with a buffer containing 200 mM KCI. Solubilized proteins were fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anionic exchange chromatography, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The resulting fraction had a specific activity of 1260 Wilbur-Anderson units/mg protein and was inhibited by acetazolamide (50% inhibition concentration, 12 nM). Final purification was accomplished by the specific absorption of the enzyme to a Centricon-10 microconcentrator filter. A single, 29.5-kD polypeptide was eluted from the filter with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis sample buffer, and a 1.5 M ammonium sulfate eluate contained CA activity. In comparison with human CA isoenzyme II, the N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences from the 29.5-kD polypeptide were 40% identical with the N-terminal region and 67% identical with an internal conserved region. Based on this evidence, we postulate that the 29.5-kD polypeptide is an internal CA in C. reinhardtii and that the enzyme is closely related to the alpha-type CAs observed in animal species.

Published
1995
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8. Rhodiola rosea: A Phytomedicinal Overview.

Author

Brown, Richard P., Gerbarg, Patricia L., and Ramazanov, Zakir

Subjects
BOTANICAL chemistry, ROSEROOT
Abstract

Focuses on the phytochemistry of R. medicinal herb Rhodiola rosea. Use of R. rosea to increase physical endurance, work productivity and nervous system disorders; Geographical distribution of R. rosea; Neuroendocrine effects of R. rosea.

Published
2002

10. Sulfated polysaccharides of brown seaweed Cystoseira canariensis bind to serum myostatin protein.

Author

Ramazanov Z, Jimenez del Rio M, and Ziegenfuss T

Subjects
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Humans, Myostatin, Transforming Growth Factor beta blood, Phaeophyceae, Polysaccharides isolation & purification, Polysaccharides metabolism, Polysaccharides physiology, Seaweed, Transforming Growth Factor beta metabolism
Abstract

Natural sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) derived from brown seaweed comprise a complex group of macromolecules with a wide range of important physiological properties. SPs have been shown to bind and directly regulate the bioactivity of growth factors and cytokines such as basic fibroblast growth factor, interferon, various enzymes and transforming growth factor. Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family that acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. In this work we demonstrated that SPs isolated from the brown seaweed Cystoseira canariensis bind to the myostatin protein in serum.

Published
2003

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