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2. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution on different complex macro designs in commercially available implants: An in-vitro study

Author

Saranya V, Mervin Harris, Silpa Abraham, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Shiv Shankar Nair, and Anil Mathew

Subjects
Implant macro designs, Bone condition, Finite element analysis, Stress distribution, Von Mises stresses, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different commercially available complex implant macro designs on stress distributions using Finite element analysis. The experiment is done under varying simulated bone conditions to provide reference for clinical application. Materials and methods: The study employed the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method to compare four commercially available complex implant macro designs on a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of a maxillary bone segment. The three-dimensional geometrical model of the implants was reconstructed from computed tomography (CT)-slices in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format and contact condition between the implant and the bone was considered as ‘Bonded’, implying perfect osseointegration. All materials used in the models were assumed to be isotropic, homogeneous, and linearly elastic. The Finite element simulations employed load of 400 N under both axial and non-axial conditions Stresses were analysed under different bone conditions. Results: Average values of von Mises stresses were used for comparing stress levels between implant designs. There was a definite increase in the equivalent stress values from higher density(D1)to lower density (D4) bone conditions for all implants. The percentage of increase ranged from 23.63 to 49.39 on axial loading and 20.39 to 57.19 when subjected to non-axial loading. The equivalent stress values resulted from non-axial loading were 1.78–2.94 times higher than that of axial loading for all implants under all bone densities. Among the complex designs Equinox Myriad Plus implant exhibited the least stress under axial loading (12.749–19.046 MPa) and (37.462–49.217 MPa) for non-axial loading. The stress on the crestal module was higher (1.49–2.99 times) than the overall stress on the implant regardless of the loading direction or bone conditions. Conclusions: Data from the present study shows Equinox Myriad Plus implant generating the least equivalent stress and this can be taken as indicator in the biomechanical performance of the design.

Published
2024
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4. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Feigin, Valery L, Abate, Melsew Dagne, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdoun, Meriem, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abhilash, E S, Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola, Abiodun, Olumide, Abo Kasem, Rahim, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abukhadijah, Hana J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adane, Denberu Eshetie, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afify, Abdelrahman Yousry, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akrami, Ashley E, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Qadire, Mohammad, Al Ta'ani, Omar, Al-Ajlouni, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldossary, Mohammed S, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Al-Fatly, Bassam, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji, Alharrasi, Maryam, Ali, Abid, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almahmeed, Wael, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Alonso, Jordi, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M Mohammad, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Alsabri, Mohammed A, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Altaany, Zaid, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tammemi, Alaa B, Altwalbeh, Diala, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Wardat, Mohammad, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid Adnan, Amani, Reza, Amegbor, Prince M, Amera, Tewodros Getnet, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Anil, Abhishek, Ansari, Mohammed Tahir Tahir, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Rockson, Anvari, Saeid, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Appiah, Francis, Aqeel, Muhammad, Arabloo, Jalal, Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aregu, Getnet Mesfin, Aremu, Olatunde, Arifin, Hidayat, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artamonov, Anton A, Arulappan, Judie, Aryal, Umesh Raj, Aryan, Zahra, Asbeutah, Akram M, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Aslani, Armin, Asmerom, Haftu Asmerom, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atorkey, Prince, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Avan, Abolfazl, Awad, Hamzeh, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Ayana, Lemessa Assefa A, Aychiluhm, Setognal Birara, Aynalem, Amdehiwot A, Aynalem, Zewdu Bishaw, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azami, Hiva, Aziz, Shahkaar, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Babu, Abraham Samuel, Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Bahrami Taghanaki, Pegah, Bahramian, Saeed, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Bam, Kiran, Banach, Maciej, Banakar, Morteza, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bansal, Kannu, Bao, Yanping, Barboza, Miguel A, Bardhan, Mainak, Barengo, Noel C, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Barua, Lingkan, Bashiri, Azadeh, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Sanjay, Basu, Saurav, Batra, Kavita, Begde, Ahmet, Behnam, Babak, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Belayneh, Melesse B Y, Belingheri, Michael, Bello, Umar Muhammad, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhe, Fentaw Tadese, Bermudez, Amiel Nazer C, Beyene, Habtamu B B, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhagat, Devidas S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Singh, Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Bhusal, Subarna, Bikbov, Boris, Bilgin, Cem, Biondi, Antonio, Bishaw, Keralem Anteneh, Biswas, Atanu, Biswas, Bijit, Bodhare, Trupti, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Boloor, Archith, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Bonny, Aime, Bora Basara, Berrak, Borhany, Hamed, Bosoka, Samuel Adolf, Bouaoud, Souad, Bouyahya, Abdelhakim, Boyko, Edward J, Bozic, Marija M, Braithwaite, Dejana, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Britton, Gabrielle, Brunoni, Andre R, Bryazka, Dana, Bugiardini, Raffaele, Bulto, Lemma N, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Fan, Capodici, Angelo, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carr, Sinclair, Carreras, Giulia, Carvalho, Andre F, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Cegolon, Luca, Cembranel, Francieli, Cenko, Edina, Cerin, Ester, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad, Chaurasia, Akhilanand, Chen, Haowei, Chen, Mingling, Chen, Simiao, Chi, Gerald, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Cho, So Mi Jemma, Choi, Dong-Woo, Chong, Bryan, Chong, Chean Lin, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Choudhary, Rahul, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Cindi, Zinhle, Cioffi, Iolanda, Cogen, Rebecca M, Columbus, Alyssa, Costanzo, Simona, Couto, Rosa A S, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natalia, Cuadra-Hernández, Silvia Magali, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dalal, Koustuv, Dalli, Lachlan L, Damiani, Giovanni, D'Amico, Emanuele, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Das, Saswati, Dashti, Mohsen, Dashtkoohi, Mohadese, Dashtkoohi, Mohammad, Dastmardi, Maedeh, Davletov, Kairat, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, DeAngelo, Sean, Debele, Aklilu Tamire, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Demessa, Berecha Hundessa, Demetriades, Andreas K, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dervišević, Emina, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desale, Aragaw Tesfaw, Desta, Fikreab, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Devegowda, Devananda, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dhane, Amol S, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhulipala, Vishal R, Diaz, Michael J, Diress, Mengistie, Dodangeh, Milad, Doegah, Phidelia Theresa, Dohare, Sushil, Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dongarwar, Deepa, D'Oria, Mario, Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai, Doshi, Rajkumar Prakashbhai, Douiri, Abdel, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola Savy, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Bayoumy, Ibrahim Farahat, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Elbarazi, Iffat, El-Dahiyat, Faris, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, El-Huneidi, Waseem, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Elmoselhi, Adel B, Eltaha, Chadi, Emeto, Theophilus I, Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede, Esfandiari, Negin, Esmaeili, Zahra, Esposito, Francesco, Etoom, Mohammad, Fabin, Natalia, Fadhil, Ibtihal, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fagbule, Omotayo Francis, Faghani, Shahriar, Fahim, Ayesha, Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich, Falzone, Luca, Fareed, Mohammad, Fares, Jawad, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Farjoud Kouhanjani, Mohsen, Faro, Andre, Farrokhpour, Hossein, Fasanmi, Abidemi Omolara, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazeli, Patrick, Fazylov, Timur, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fekadu, Ginenus, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferreira, Nuno, Fetensa, Getahun, Feyisa, Bikila Regassa, Fischer, Florian, Flor, Luisa S, Foley, Kristen Marie, Fonseca, Ana Catarina, Foroumadi, Roham, Foroutan, Behzad, Fortuna, Daniela, Foschi, Matteo, Franklin, Richard Charles, Fridayani, Ni Kadek Yuni, G, Sridevi, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Galali, Yaseen, Gallus, Silvano, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gasevic, Danijela, Gautam, Prem, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebregergis, Miglas Welay, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebrekidan, Kebre Gebrekirstos, Getacher, Lemma, Getahun, Genanew K, Getie, Molla, Ghadimi, Delaram J, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghaffari Jolfayi, Amir, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghasemi, Mohammad-Reza, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Gholami, Ehsan, Gholami, Zainab, Ghozy, Sherief, Giannoni Luza, Stefano, Gilani, Jaleed Ahmed, Gill, Tiffany K, Gillum, Richard F, Gindaba, Ebisa Zerihun, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Goel, Amit, Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Gona, Philimon N, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia, Gouravani, Mahdi, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Grover, Ashna, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Guha, Avirup, Guicciardi, Stefano, Gulati, Snigdha, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Cui, Guo, Zhifeng, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Mohak, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Hadi, Najah R, Haghani Dogahe, Mohammad, Haghi-Aminjan, Hamed, Haghmorad, Dariush, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halimi, Aram, Hamdy, Nadia M, Hamidi, Samer, Hamilton, Erin B, Hanif, Asif, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hankey, Graeme J, Hannan, Md Abdul, Haq, Zaim Anan, Hargono, Arief, Harlianto, Netanja I, Haro, Josep Maria, Has, Eka Mishbahatul Marah, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Ikrama, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat, Haubold, Johannes, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, Hbid, Youssef, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Mohammad, Hemmati, Mehdi, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Holla, Ramesh, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Hassan, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hosseinzadeh Adli, Ahmad, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hu, Ben, Hu, Chengxi, Huang, Junjie, Humayun, Ayesha, Hussain, Salman, Huy, Le Duc, Huynh, Hong-Han, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ikiroma, Adalia, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Imam, Mohammad Tarique, Immurana, Mustapha, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iqhrammullah, Muhammad, Iradukunda, Arnaud, Irham, Lalu Muhammad, Islam, Md Rabiul, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie Declan CD, J, Vinothini, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacob, Louis, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jahrami, Haitham, Jain, Akhil, Jain, Nityanand, Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman, Jaiswal, Abhishek, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Reza, Janakiraman, Balamurugan, Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeganathan, Jayakumar, Jegnie, Mihretu, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jeswani, Bijay Mukesh, Jeyakumar, Angeline, Jha, Anil K, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Ji, Zixiang, Jiang, Heng, Jin, Shuai, Jin, Yingzhao, Jokar, Mohammad, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tamas, Jose, Jobinse, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Md Awal, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kalani, Rizwan, Kalra, Sanjay, Kamal, Vineet Kumar, Kamireddy, Arun, Kan, Haidong, Kanaan, Mona, Kandel, Himal, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S, Kapoor, Neeti, Karakasis, Paschalis, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karch, André, Karimi, Hanie, Karimi, Salah Eddin, Karimi, Yeganeh, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Karki, Prabin, Kasraei, Hengameh, Kauppila, Joonas H, Kaur, Harkiran, Kaydi, Neda, Kayode, Gbenga A, Kazemi, Foad, Kazemian, Sina, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khaing, Inn Kynn, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalaji, Amirmohammad, Khalid, Nauman, Khalil, Anees Ahmed, Khan, Asaduzzaman, Khan, Fayaz, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Mohammad Jobair, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Yusra H, Khanmohammadi, Shaghayegh, Khatab, Khaled, Khatatbeh, Haitham, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khateri, Sorour, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khayat Kashani, Hamid Reza, Khidri, Feriha Fatima, Khokhar, Manoj, Khosla, Atulya Aman, Khosravi, Majid, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kian, Saeid, Kim, Kwanghyun, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kolahi, Ali-Asghar, Koly, Kamrun Nahar, Kompani, Farzad, Kondlahalli, Shivakumar KM Marulasiddaiah, Korja, Miikka, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Korzh, Oleksii, Kosen, Soewarta, Kostev, Karel, Kothari, Nikhil, Kotnis, Ashwin Laxmikant, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Krishna, Varun, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Krishnan, Bindu, Kruja, Jera, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Akshay, Kumar, Ashish, Kumar, Dewesh, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Rakesh, Kumaran D, Senthil, Kundu, Amartya, Kundu, Satyajit, Kunutsor, Setor K, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, Kutikuppala, L V Simhachalam, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Kytö, Ville, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lallukka, Tea, Lám, Judit, Landires, Iván, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Latifinaibin, Kaveh, Lauriola, Paolo, Lavados, Pablo M, Lawal, Basira Kankia, Le, Long Khanh Dao, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Wei, Li, Xiaopan, Li, Yichong, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Lin, John C, Lindholm, Daniel, Linn, Shai, Liu, Gang, Liu, Runben, Liu, Shuke, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Llanaj, Erand, Lo, Chun-Han, Lo, Warren David, Lohner, Valerie, López-Gil, José Francisco, Lorenzovici, László, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Luo, Lisha, Lusk, Jay B, Ma, Zheng Feei, Machoy, Monika, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Maddison, Ralph, Mahmoudi, Elham, Mahmoudvand, Golnaz, Makram, Omar M, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malik, Iram, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A, Manla, Yosef, Mansouri, Mohammad Hadi, Mansouri, Pejman, Mansouri, Vahid, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Manu, Emmanuel, Marateb, Hamid Reza, Marjani, Abdoljalal, Martini, Daniela, Martini, Santi, Martorell, Miquel, Maryam, Sharmeen, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Masrie, Awoke, Mathangasinghe, Yasith, Maulik, Pallab K, Mayeli, Mahsa, Mazidi, Mohsen, McKee, Martin, McPhail, Steven M, Mechili, Enkeleint A, Mehmood, Asim, Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Kamran, Mekene Meto, Tesfahun, Meles, Hadush Negash, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensah, George A, Meo, Sultan Ayoub, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mettananda, Chamila Dinushi Kukulege, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Minervini, Giuseppe, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Mini, GK, Mirghafourvand, Mojgan, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Mishra, Manish, Misra, Sanjeev, Mithra, Prasanna, Mohamed, Ahmed Ismail, Mohamed, Jama, Mohamed, Nouh Saad, Mohammad, Ameen Mosa, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Saeed, Mohammadi, Soheil, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammadzadeh, Ibrahim, Mohammed, Hussen, Mohammed, Mustapha, Mohammed, Salahuddin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H, Molavi Vardanjani, Hossein, Molokhia, Mariam, Momani, Shaher, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Montazeri, Fateme, Moodi Ghalibaf, AmirAli, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi, Maryam, Moradi, Yousef, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Moreira, Rafael Silveira, Morrison, Shane Douglas, Mosaddeghi Heris, Reza, Mossialos, Elias, Mousavi, Parsa, Msherghi, Ahmed, Mubarik, Sumaira, Muccioli, Lorenzo, Mulita, Admir, Muniyandi, Malaisamy, Munjal, Kavita, Murillo-Zamora, Efren, Muthu, Sathish, Myung, Woojae, Nabavi, Amin, Nabhan, Ashraf Fawzy, Nafei, Ayoub, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Ganesh R, Naik, Gurudatta, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najdaghi, Soroush, Najmuldeen, Hastyar Hama Rashid, Nakhostin Ansari, Noureddin, Nangia, Vinay, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Nargus, Shumaila, Narimani Davani, Delaram, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Nascimento, Gustavo G, Nasrollahizadeh, Ali, Nasrollahizadeh, Amir, Natto, Zuhair S, Nauman, Javaid, Navaratna, Samidi Nirasha Kumari, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nayak, Vinod C, Nazri-Panjaki, Athare, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nejjari, Chakib, Nematollahi, Mohammad Hadi, Nepal, Samata, Newton, Charles Richard James, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Duc Hoang, Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien, Nguyen, Hien Quang, Nguyen, Nhien Ngoc Y, Nguyen, Phat Tuan, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nigatu, Yeshambel T, Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles, Nomura, Shuhei, Noor, Syed Toukir Ahmed, Norrving, Bo, Nawsherwan, Nawsherwan, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi, Ntaios, George, Ntsekhe, Mpiko, Nugen, Fred, Nurchis, Mario Cesare, Nurrika, Dieta, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Odetokun, Ismail A, O'Donnell, Martin James, Oguta, James Odhiambo, Oh, In-Hwan, Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okeke, Sylvester Reuben, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okidi, Lawrence, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Oladnabi, Morteza, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olaiya, Muideen Tunbosun, Olalusi, Oladotun Victor, Olasehinde, Tosin Abiola, Olasupo, Omotola O, Olatubi, Matthew Idowu, Oliveira, Arão Belitardo, Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes, Olorukooba, Abdulhakeem Abayomi, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Oluwafemi, Yinka Doris Doris, Oluwatunase, Gideon Olamilekan, Omar, Hany A, Omar Bali, Ahmed, O'Neil, Adrienne E, Ong, Sok King, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Opejin, Abdulahi Opejin, Ordak, Michal, Ornello, Raffaele, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V, Ortiz, Alberto, Ortiz-Prado, Esteban, Osman, Wael M S, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Oyeyemi, Ifeoluwa Temitayo, Ozair, Ahmad, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin, Padron-Monedero, Alicia, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palicz, Tamás, Palma-Alvarez, Raul Felipe, Pan, Feng, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pande Katare, Deepshikha, Pandey, Anamika, Pandey, Ashok, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Panos, Leonidas D, Pantazopoulos, Ioannis, Papadopoulou, Paraskevi, Pardhan, Shahina, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Parsons, Nicholas, Passera, Roberto, Patoulias, Dimitrios, Paudel, Uttam, Pawar, Shrikant, Peden, Amy E, Pedersini, Paolo, Peprah, Prince, Pereira, Maria Odete, Peres, Mario F P, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Perico, Norberto, Perna, Simone, Pestell, Richard G, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny Emily, Pham, Hoang Nhat, Pham, Hoang Tran, Phillips, Michael R, Pilgrim, Thomas, Piradov, Michael A, Pirouzpanah, Saeed, Plotnikov, Evgenii, Poddighe, Dimitri, Poluru, Ramesh, Popovic, Djordje S, Postma, Maarten J, Pourshams, Akram, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Pradhan, Jalandhar, Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh, Prakash, V, Prasad, Manya, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qian, Gangzhen, Qiao, Yanan, Raggi, Alberto, Raghav, Pankaja Raghav, Raghuveer, Pracheth, Rahim, Fakher, Rahim, Md Jillur, Rahimifard, Mahban, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmanian, Vahid, Rahmati, Rahem, Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum, Raj, Gerard Marshall, Rajaa, Sathish, Rajendran, Vinoth, Rajpoot, Pushp Lata, Rajput, Prashant, Ram, Pradhum, Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed, Ramadan, Majed, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramazanu, Sheena, Rana, Juwel, Rana, Kritika, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rancic, Nemanja, Rane, Amey, Ranta, Annemarei, Rao, Mithun, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan, Rathish, Devarajan, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Rawaf, Salman, Razo, Christian, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Rehman, Inayat Ur, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rezazadeh, Hossein, Rhee, Taeho Gregory, Riaz, Mavra A, Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P, Rodrigues, Monica, Rodrigues da Silva, Thales Philipe R, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Romadlon, Debby Syahru, Ross, Allen Guy, Rout, Himanshu Sekhar, Roy, Bedanta, Roy, Priyanka, Roy, Simanta, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Russo, Michele, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, S N, Chandan, Saad, Aly M A, Saber, Korosh, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabet, Cameron John, Sabour, Siamak, Sacco, Simona, Saddik, Basema Ahmad, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saghafi, Alireza, Sagoe, Dominic, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Pragyan Monalisa, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Salaroli, Luciane B, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salem, Mohammed Z Y, Salum, Giovanni A, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samargandy, Saad, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samuel, Vijaya Paul, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santos, Itamar S, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Saravanan, Aswini, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sattouf, Zafer, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Sayeed, Md Abu, Sayyah, Mehdi, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael, Schlaich, Markus P, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola, Schuermans, Art, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Sen, Parijat, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sergindo, Mihretu Tagesse, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahid, Samiah, Shahsavari, Hamid R, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamsi, Anas, Shamsutdinova, Alfiya, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharath, Medha, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi, Azam, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Sharma, Anupam, Sharma, Manoj, Sharma, Sourabh, Sharma, Ujjawal, Sharma, Vishal, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shigematsu, Mika, Shimels, Tariku, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shittu, Aminu, Shitu, Abdul-karim Olayinka, Shiue, Ivy, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Shuval, Kerem, Si, Yafei, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sikdar, Mithun, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Baljinder, Singh, Garima, Singh, Harmanjit, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Kuldeep, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Puneetpal, Sipilä, Jussi O T, Sivakumar, Shravan, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sleet, David A, Sobia, Farrukh, Socea, Bogdan, Sohag, Abdullah Al Mamun, Solanki, Ranjan, Solanki, Shipra, Solomon, Yerukneh, Song, Yi, Soraneh, Soroush, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sotoudeh, Houman, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spartalis, Michael, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srinivasamurthy, Suresh Kumar, Stachteas, Panagiotis, Stafford, Lauryn K, Stark, Benjamin A, Starodubova, Antonina V, Subedi, Narayan, Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan, Suleman, Muhammad, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Zhong, Sundström, Johan, Suresh, Vinay, Susanty, Sri, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, T Y, Sree Sudha, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabche, Celine, Tabish, Mohammad, Tadakamadla, Jyothi, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri, Amirmasoud, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tang, Haosu, Tanwar, Manoj, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tat, Nathan Y, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Teimoori, Mojtaba, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesfamariam, Wegen Beyene, Tesfaye Gta, Edosa Geta, Thakur, Ramna, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapa, Rajshree, Thapar, Rekha, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Joe, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny Kenny, Thrift, Amanda G, Tian, Jing, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiruneh, Chalachew, Tiwari, Krishna, Tiyuri, Amir, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Trabelsi, Khaled, Tran, Ngoc Ha, Tran, Thang Huu, Tran Minh Duc, Nguyen, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsai, Daniel Hsiang-Te, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Turuse, Ermias A A, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Sana, Umair, Muhammad, Umar, Muhammad, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Urso, Daniele, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vacante, Marco, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Vakili, Omid, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varga, Orsolya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villani, Simona, Vinayak, Manish, Viskadourou, Maria, Volovat, Simona Ruxandra, Volovici, Victor, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wahood, Waseem, Wang, Cong, Wang, Fang, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wanjau, Mary Njeri, Waqas, Muhammad, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Wassie, Gizachew Tadesse, Wei, Zihan, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wijeratne, Tissa, Willeit, Peter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wong, Yen Jun, Wongsin, Utoomporn, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Felicia, Wu, YaJuan, Wu, Zenghong, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yano, Yuichiro, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yaribeygi, Habib, Yasufuku, Yuichi, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh, Yazdanpanah, Mohammad Hosein, Ye, Pengpeng, Yesodharan, Renjulal, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yi, Xinglin, Yin, Dehui, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Elaine A, Yun, Ke, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zafari, Nima, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zanghì, Aurora, Zare, Iman, Zarimeidani, Fatemeh, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Michael, Zemedikun, Dawit, Zeng, Youjie, Zhang, Beijian, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Claire Chenwen, Zhou, Shang Cheng, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Zoghi, Ghazal, Zyoud, Sa'ed H, Zyoud, Samer H, Johnson, Catherine O, Roth, Gregory A, Nair, Balakrishnan Sukumaran, Rautalin, Ilari, Bhati, Anjali, Bisignano, Catherine, Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2024
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6. Comparison of the sealing ability of bioceramic sealer against epoxy resin based sealer: A systematic review & meta-analysis

Author

Ramakumar Rekha, R. Kavitha, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Singh VP. Prabath, S. Deepthy, and Venugopal Krishnan

Subjects
Bioceramic, Microleakage, Epoxy-resin, Sealers, Sealing ability, Root canal therapy, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate if bioceramic sealers had superior sealing properties to epoxy resin-based sealers. Methodology: A systematic search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE Ovid (from 1946 onwards), Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and a hand search of references of included articles was also done. In vitro and ex vivo studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed, and quantitative synthesis was performed for microleakage measured using vertical dye penetration, horizontal dye penetration, and dentin-sealer gap. Summary effect was reported as Standardized Mean Difference with 95% CI. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the imaging modalities, the obturation techniques, and the file systems employed. Results: A total of 24 studies were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated no significant difference between the sealing ability of bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer when measured using the microleakage tests [SMD -0.59(95%CI: 1.74,0.55)]. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences except when manual K-files were used. Heterogeneity was low when sub-group analysis was done. Conclusion: Bioceramic sealers and epoxy resin-based sealers both exhibited comparable sealing ability.

Published
2023
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12. Oral medicine practice during COVID-19: A scoping review

Author

Krishna S Kumar, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Beena Varma, Priya K Nair, Aravind M Shanmugham, and Renju Jose

Subjects
covid-19, infection control, oral lesions, oral medicine, practice guidelines, Dentistry, RK1-715, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract

Oral healthcare providers work near the face of the patients and are at an increased risk of being infected or transmitting the infection to the patients. Standard practice guidelines have to be modified to reorganize Oral Medicine care in the new normality of the COVID-19 pandemic to minimize the negative impacts of the infection on oral and systemic health. This scoping review aims to assess the guidelines for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature search was done using Medline and Pubmed as the database and 23 articles were identified related to 8 domains. Utilization of teledentistry, efficient triaging of the patients with strict adherence to the infection control protocols, knowledge of the possible oral manifestations, and management of patients based on their presenting symptoms can help for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2021
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13. Prevalence of periodontal disease among adults in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Chandrashekar Janakiram, Abhishek Mehta, and Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam

Subjects
Pooled prevalence, Periodontitis, Gingivitis, India, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Objective: We designed this systematic review of the available literature to measure the pooled prevalence of periodontal disease among Indian adults. Methods: An electronic search was conducted for studies assessing the prevalence of periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) in India. The search yielded forty studies, of which thirty eligible cross-sectional studies assessing the prevalence among those 18 years and above were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Meta-analyses were conducted for periodontitis outcomes, stratified for different covariates like age groups, gender, geographic region, population group, type of index and study quality. Pooled prevalence was used to estimate overall effect, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 92,219 adults participated in 30 studies included for qualitative analysis. Studies utilizing convenience sampling were excluded from quantitative analysis. Pooled prevalence estimates of periodontitis and gingivitis were assessed on from 24 to 21 studies respectively. We found that overall prevalence of periodontal disease was 51% (CI: 41.9-60.1) and gingivitis was 46.6% (CI: 37.8-55.5). Prevalence of mild to moderate periodontitis was 26.2% (CI: 21.1-31.6), while for severe periodontitis it was 19% (CI: 14.3-24.2). Participants 65 years or above had highest proportion of severe periodontitis (32.7%, CI: 23.7-42.5). Urban population showed the highest prevalence of mild to moderate periodontitis 22.7% (CI: 17.3-28.5). Females had lower prevalence (34.4%) of the periodontitis than males (42.2%). The methodological heterogeneity of included studies was low. Conclusion: Half of Indian adults suffer from some form of periodontal disease. There is need to adopt uniform and accurate measurement tools for recording periodontal condition.

Published
2020
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14. Effectiveness of herbal oral care products in reducing dental plaque & gingivitis – a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Chandrashekar Janakiram, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Paul Fontelo, Timothy J. Iafolla, and Bruce A. Dye

Subjects
Toothpastes, Dentifrices, Mouthwashes, Fluoride dental plaque, Herbal, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999
Abstract

Abstract Background Despite the large number of trials conducted using herbal oral care products for the reduction of dental plaque or gingivitis, results are conflicting and inconclusive. Objective To assess the effectiveness of herbal oral care products compared to conventional products in reducing dental plaque and gingivitis adults. Methods We searched the following databases for Randomised controlled trials (RCTs): MEDLINE Ovid, EMBASE Ovid etc. which yielded 493 trails. Of which 24 RCTs comparing herbal toothpaste or mouth rinse with over the counter toothpaste or mouth rinse in adults aged 18 to 65 years were included. Two authors extracted information and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using Risk of Bias. Meta-analyses using the random-effects model were conducted for four outcomes for tooth paste and mouth rinse respectively. Mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) were used to estimate the effect, with 95% confidence intervals. Results A total of 1597 adults participated in 24 RCT studies. These were classified as herbal toothpaste (HTP) (15 trials, 899 participants) and herbal mouth rinse (HMR) (9 trials, 698 participants) compared with non-herbal toothpaste (NHTP) or non-herbal mouth rinse (NHMR). We found that HTP was superior over NHTP (SMD 1.95, 95% CI (0.97–2.93)) in plaque reduction. The long-term use of NHMR was superior in reduction of dental plaque over HMR (SMD -2.61, 95% (CI 4.42–0.80)). From subgroup analysis it showed that HTP was not superior over fluoride toothpaste (SMD 0.99, 95% CI (0.14–2.13)) in reducing dental plaque. However, HTP was favoured over non-fluoride toothpaste (SMD 4.64, 95% CI (2.23–7.05)). Conclusion For short-term reduction in dental plaque, current evidence suggests that HTP is as effective as compared to NHTP; however, evidence is from low quality studies.

Published
2020
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16. Health promoting schools in Kerala, India

Author

Heljo Padamadan Joseph, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Joe Joseph, and Chandrashekar Janakiram

Subjects
Health policy, health promoting schools, health promotion, school health services, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: Health promoting school (HPS) is a holistic concept where health and learning coexist. The objective of this study was to assess the health promoting standards of schools in Kerala. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed in Kerala, India, with schools in Kerala as a study unit. A questionnaire which consisted of 37 items across eight domains of the HPS concept was developed and validated. The schools were then graded into compliant and not compliant categories based on scores obtained. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was also done. Results: Of 120 schools, 90.8% were compliant toward health education domain and only 8.3% were compliant with nutrition services. Majority of schools showed compliance with the other six domains. Average overall scores were 153 (58.8%) with the equal number of schools in both compliant and not compliant categories. There was a significant association between health education and physical education domain with respect to the type of school, i.e., privately managed had six times more chances of being compliant toward health education domain compared to government schools (odds ratio [OR] 6.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–33.29). Hence, also private schools had two times more chance of being compliant toward physical education compared to government schools (OR 2.52; 95% CI 1.0 – 4.32). Physical education domain showed a significant association with respect to geographic region, i.e., the schools in North Kerala were found to be three times more compliant compared to South Kerala (OR 3.48; 95% CI 1.05–11.53). Conclusions: Despite the good health and social indicators in Kerala, there is a deficiency in schools promoting health of children. A coordinated effort by the government and the education system can convert existing schools into health promoting.

Published
2019
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24. Variations in root canal morphology of permanent incisors and canines among Asian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Arjun B Ravi, Sapna Chandira Muddappa, Rakesh. R. Rajan, Prabath Singh V P, and Gayathri Usha

Subjects
Male, Root canal, Population, Medicine (miscellaneous), Dentistry, Mandible, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mandibular central incisor, stomatognathic system, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Animals, Maxillary central incisor, Tooth Root, education, General Dentistry, Anterior teeth, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Odds ratio, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Confidence interval, Incisor, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Meta-analysis, Dental Pulp Cavity, business
Abstract

Objectives This systematic review was designed to measure the pooled prevalence of morphological variations in the root canal of permanent incisors and canines among Asian adults. Methods An electronic search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, and relevant studies were included. Studies reporting on the Vertucci canal configuration (types I to VIII) were included. A weighted proportion (pooled prevalence) with 95% confidence interval was calculated for each canal type, and the outcome was stratified based on country, technique of assessment, gender, and age. Results Sixty articles were included in the final review. In all types of maxillary anterior teeth, the pooled prevalence of type I canal configuration was greater than 97%, whereas mandibular central incisor, lateral incisor, and canines had a prevalence of 78.4%, 69.2%, and 91.1%, respectively. Studies considering mandibular anterior teeth as a single entity had a lower prevalence of type I configuration (70.1%). Variations in root canal configurations were also observed between countries. Among gender, males had a significantly lower prevalence of type I and a higher prevalence of type II and III canal configurations in the mandibular anterior teeth. A variation in canal types was also noted with advancing age, with younger age groups showing more variations. Conclusion The majority of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth have type I Vertucci canal configuration, but variations in mandibular anterior teeth, especially lateral incisors, are also common. Variations were also observed among population, gender, age, and prevalence based on the diagnostic techniques used.

Published
2021
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25. Oral Health in the global school health curriculum – A scoping review

Author

Sriranga, Jyotsna, Parvathy Balachandran, Jankiram, Chandrashekar, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, and Karuveettil, Vineetha

Subjects
Medicine and Health Sciences
Abstract

Oral diseases, particularly dental caries, are serious public health issues due to their high prevalence and impact on the quality of life. Though the World Health Organization has highlighted the importance of Health Promoting Schools, oral health is often neglected in school health curriculums and policies. This scoping review explores the different health curriculums available for oral health for schoolchildren at the global level.

Published
2023
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26. Prevalence, diagnosis and management of Labio-gingival groove: A scoping review

Author

Verghese, Rhea Susan, Biju Balakrishnan, M, Sapna C, Deepthy Sreehari, Prabath Singh, and Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam

Subjects
Periodontics and Periodontology, Dentistry, FOS: Clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Endodontics and Endodontology
Abstract

Objective: This scoping review is an attempt to map the literature on the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment options and prognosis of labio-gingival grooves. Introduction: Labio-gingival groove is a congenital morphologic dental anomaly, in which an infolding of the inner enamel epithelium and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath create a groove extending varying depth into root. prevalence of 6.5% in at least one incisor and mostly in maxillary central incisors. Several authors have inferred that this pathology can be either developmental or due to trauma during early childhood. This defect is often missed in routine clinical examination often leading to misdiagnosis and wrong treatment. Inclusion criteria: A thorough search among the different databases would be carried out and include articles that are case reports and observational studies pertinent to the topic and exclude review articles on the same. Methods: JBI method for scoping review will be followed. Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar database will be searched with no time limits. Only articles in English language will be considered. This scoping review will consider experimental/quasi-experimental, analytical and descriptive study designs including case reports and case series. Editorials, text and opinion papers will also be considered. Search management will be performed using Covidence and data of included studies will be done using a data extraction template. Obtained data will be described under the headings: prevalence, diagnosis, management and any other theme of labio-gingival groove.

Published
2023
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27. Challenges during implant assisted prosthetic rehabilitation in fibula reconstructed jaws and its management: A protocol for scoping review

Author

Chandrashekar Jankiram, V, Manju, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, Krishnapriya V N, Subramania Iyer, and Subash, Pramod

Subjects
Medical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Neoplasms, Dentistry, FOS: Clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Diseases, Prosthodontics and Prosthodontology
Abstract

Objective: This scoping review aims to ascertain the volume and nature of evidence concerning the difficulties and corrective measures in the prosthetic rehabilitation of fibula-reconstructed head and neck cancer cases. Introduction: The sixth most prevalent cancer type worldwide is oral cancer. Patients are placed in a crippling predicament due to the functional and psychosocial difficulties brought on by the illness and its therapeutic treatments. Both surgeons and maxillofacial prosthodontists may encounter challenges with reconstruction and therapy following cancer treatment. Over twenty years, the fibula has remained the mainstay of reconstructions for head and neck cancer. Maxillary and mandibular jaws with fibula reconstructions can use fixed or removable prosthetic rehabilitation solutions. This review aims to find the problems and solutions suggested in the literature for improving head and neck cancer diagnosis and treatment planning. Inclusion criteria: The studies involving patients with head and neck cancer who had microvascular fibula reconstruction and prosthetic rehabilitation with implant-supported removable or fixed prostheses are included in this review. The study will not include patients who underwent fibula reconstruction and prosthetic rehabilitation for other causes, such as trauma, congenital abnormalities, or infections. Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review protocol will be followed in developing and reporting the scoping review methodology. We'll search the databases like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and grey literature sources for pertinent articles on the subject. Only papers published in English literature will be considered for the review, and the data collection period is limited to the last 20 years. In Covidence, data extraction will be done by two independent reviewers. Publications describing problems with and solutions for microvascular fibula reconstructions will be covered. The narrative synthesis of the evidence will be accomplished through data extraction in a tabular format.

Published
2023
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28. Effectiveness of an oral health curriculum in reducing dental caries increment and improving oral hygiene behaviour among schoolchildren of Ernakulam district in Kerala, India: study protocol for a cluster randomised trial

Author

Das, Hindol, primary, Janakiram, Chandrashekar, additional, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, additional, Karuveettil, Vineetha, additional, Kumar, Vijay, additional, Balachandran, Parvathy, additional, Varma, Balagopal, additional, and John, Denny, additional

Published
2023
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30. Efficiency of simplified versus traditional denture fabrication methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Meena Ajay Aras, Vinita Sanjeevan, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, and Praveen Rajagopal

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Denture, Complete, business.industry, MEDLINE, Efficiency, Confidence interval, law.invention, Patient satisfaction, Quality of life, Randomized controlled trial, Patient Satisfaction, Strictly standardized mean difference, law, Fabrication methods, Meta-analysis, Quality of Life, Physical therapy, Humans, Medicine, Mouth, Edentulous, Oral Surgery, business
Abstract

Statement of problem Conventional techniques (CTs) for complete denture fabrication involve a series of clinical and laboratory steps. A simplification of this process has been advocated, but whether simplified techniques result in acceptable treatment outcomes is unclear. Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficiency of simplified denture fabrication techniques in comparison with CTs. Material and Methods The standard methodological procedures prescribed by the Cochrane Collaboration for systematic review and meta-analysis were used. An electronic search (MEDLINE through PubMed, Cochrane trial registry, and Scopus) and a manual search up to February 2020 were made to identify studies. Only randomized controlled trials involving edentulous adults requiring complete denture treatment were included. Results Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimate of the included studies for patient satisfaction at 6 months marginally favored the simplified method of denture fabrication (standardized mean difference=0.02 [95% confidence interval {CI} -0.22 to 0.27]). The pooled estimate of the included studies for clinical time and cost of fabrication favored the simplified method (mean difference=-77.34 [95% CI -122.45 to -32.24] and mean difference=-85.89 [95% CI -170.02 to -1.77] respectively). Conclusions Simplified techniques were cost effective and less time consuming than the CT, with no significant difference in patient satisfaction or oral health-related quality of life. The high risk of bias and heterogeneity among studies requires that the results be considered cautiously.

Published
2021
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31. An Analysis of Leptospirosis Control in a Flood-Affected Region of Kerala and the Role of Accredited Social Health Activists – A Questionnaire Study

Author

Ramanarayanan Subramaniam, M K Sreelakshmi, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Pooja Latti, and Suneesh Kuruvilla

Subjects
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Asha, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, Leptospirosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Social determinants of health, education, education.field_of_study, Flood myth, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Outbreak, medicine.disease, Floods, Cross-Sectional Studies, Sample size determination, Observational study, business, Demography
Abstract

Background:Chengannur, a town in the south Indian state of Kerala, was 1 of the worst affected towns during the floods of 2018. Post-flood, Kerala state was under the threat of many infectious diseases including leptospirosis, but did not report any leptospirosis infections.Objectives:This study was conducted with the following objectives: (1) Assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the prevention of leptospirosis among the flood affected population and Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) of Chengannur; and (2) Analyze the factors responsible for and contributing to leptospirosis control in the area post flood.Methodology:A cross-sectional questionnaire based observational study was conducted among 2 groups: the flood affected population, and ASHA. The questionnaire was divided into 3 parts. Part A contained the socio-demographic information. Part B contained questions on assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the prevention, and control of leptospirosis. Part C was only for the ASHA involved.Results:The final sample size was 331 (244 from the general population and 87 ASHAs). With respect to knowledge, attitude, and practice, the responses were dichotomized into correct and wrong responses. The mean knowledge score was 9.01 ± 1.08 (maximum score of 10), mean attitude score was of 3.61 ± 0.55 (maximum score of 4) and the mean practice score was 4.12 ± 1.05 (maximum score of 5).Conclusion:Knowledge and attitude scores did not significantly differ between the general population and ASHA, but the practice score showed a higher score among the ASHA, all of which could have probably contributed to the prevention of a leptospirosis outbreak in the region.

Published
2021
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32. Effectiveness of 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride Application along with Atraumatic Restorative Treatment for Arresting Caries in Permanent Teeth When Compared to Atraumatic Restorative Treatment in Adults—Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Varughese, Anju, primary, Janakiram, Chandrashekar, additional, Varma, Balagopal, additional, Mathew, Anil, additional, Venugopalan, Shankar Rengasamy, additional, Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, additional, and Singh, Prabath, additional

Published
2022
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33. Oral medicine practice during COVID-19: A scoping review

Author

Priya K Nair, Aravind M Shanmugham, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Krishna Kumar, Varma B, and Renju Jose

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, practice guidelines, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, MEDLINE, R895-920, oral medicine, RK1-715, Systemic health, infection control, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, Increased risk, Otorhinolaryngology, covid-19, oral lesions, Dentistry, Pandemic, medicine, Infection control, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Intensive care medicine, business, Teledentistry, General Dentistry, Oral medicine
Abstract

Oral healthcare providers work near the face of the patients and are at an increased risk of being infected or transmitting the infection to the patients. Standard practice guidelines have to be modified to reorganize Oral Medicine care in the new normality of the COVID-19 pandemic to minimize the negative impacts of the infection on oral and systemic health. This scoping review aims to assess the guidelines for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature search was done using Medline and Pubmed as the database and 23 articles were identified related to 8 domains. Utilization of teledentistry, efficient triaging of the patients with strict adherence to the infection control protocols, knowledge of the possible oral manifestations, and management of patients based on their presenting symptoms can help for the safe practice of Oral Medicine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2021

37. A holistic interprofessional student induction programme for dental education.

Author

Ramanarayanan, Venkitachalam, Varma, Balagopal, Suresh, Rakesh, and Sujir, Nanditha

Subjects
*FAILURE (Psychology), *DENTAL public health, *POLICE, *FEAR of failure, *OPERATIVE dentistry, *DENTAL education, *INTERPROFESSIONAL education
Abstract

The article discusses a holistic interprofessional student induction program for dental education in India, addressing challenges faced by students transitioning from high school to dental school. The program, titled 'Deeksharambh,' aimed to ease the transition by providing sessions on various themes such as course requirements, wellness, and team bonding. Feedback from students was overwhelmingly positive, indicating reduced anxiety, increased confidence, and improved peer bonding. The program's holistic approach appeared successful in facilitating students' adjustment and adaptation to the new institution. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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44. Comparison of the sealing ability of bioceramic sealer against epoxy resin based sealer: A systematic reviewmeta-analysis

Author

Ramakumar Rekha, R. Kavitha, Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam, Singh VP. Prabath, S. Deepthy, and Venugopal Krishnan

Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology, General Dentistry
Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate if bioceramic sealers had superior sealing properties to epoxy resin-based sealers.A systematic search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE Ovid (from 1946 onwards), Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and a hand search of references of included articles was also done. In vitro and ex vivo studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed, and quantitative synthesis was performed for microleakage measured using vertical dye penetration, horizontal dye penetration, and dentin-sealer gap. Summary effect was reported as Standardized Mean Difference with 95% CI. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the imaging modalities, the obturation techniques, and the file systems employed.A total of 24 studies were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated no significant difference between the sealing ability of bioceramic sealer and epoxy resin-based sealer when measured using the microleakage tests [SMD -0.59(95%CI: 1.74,0.55)]. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences except when manual K-files were used. Heterogeneity was low when sub-group analysis was done.Bioceramic sealers and epoxy resin-based sealers both exhibited comparable sealing ability.

Published
2021

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