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An experiment was conducted on ridge gourd in six generations i.e., P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 of VRG-24 x VRG-13 and Swarna Manjari x Arka Prasan in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The main aim of the study was to investigate the genetic mechanisms controlling yield and quality traits through generation mean analysis. Epistatic gene effects were found to play a crucial role in regulating most of the traits studied, except for days to male flowering, days to female flowering, node of first female flower, average fruit weight, and rind thickness in various crosses. Duplicate epistasis was particularly prominent across the majority of traits, suggesting that these traits could be effectively exploited through heterosis breeding and reciprocal recurrent selection strategies. Additionally, complementary epistasis was observed in the cross VRG-24 x VRG-13 for traits such as node of first female flower, number of female flowers per vine, and number of fruits per vine. This highlights the potential of the VRG-24 x VRG-13 cross to produce desirable transgressive segregants with enhanced trait combinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic analysis for quality attributes in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) was studied in four selected crosses (F1) viz. LCA 710 x HC-28, LCA 712 x HC-28, LCA 712 x LCA 710 and LCA 764 x LCA 315 involving five diverse parents at HRS, Lam, Guntur, A.P. during Kharif, 2012-13 and their F2 (Selfing of F1), B1 (F1 x P1), B2 (F1 x P2) were developed during kharif, 2013-14. All the six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) of respective four crosses were evaluated in compact family block design with three replications during kharif, 2014-15 for ascorbic acid, oleoresin, capsaicin, red carotenoids, yellow carotenoids, total carotenoids and total colour value. The data generated was subjected to six generation mean analysis and the results revealed that all the types of gene actions i.e. additive, dominance and interaction components were played an important role in the inheritance of all studied parameters in all four crosses except cross 1 for yellow carotenoids in which interaction components were absent. Maximum number of crosses were exhibited duplicate epistasis while some crosses showed complimentary epistasis which indicating that all the quality attributes can be improved either by pedigree selection, recurrent selection, delayed selection, reciprocal recurrent selection, heterosis breeding, diallel selective mating scheme or bi-parental mating system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation was carried out in chilli to study the nature of gene action involved in the expression of plant ideotype at Horticultural Research Station, Lam Farm, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh during kharif, 2013-14 and 2014-15 using generation mean analysis. Three parents viz., LCA 712, LCA 710 and HC-28 were identified with contrasting characters for fruit bearing habit, fruit orientation and branching habit and two crosses viz., LCA 712 x HC-28 and LCA 712 x LCA 710 were generated using these parents. For each cross, six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, B1 and B2) were developed and grown in family block design and the data was subjected to chi-square test. The results revealed that the nature of solitary fruit bearing habit and pendent fruit position was monogenic and dominant whereas the nature of the branching habit was digenic and governed by two gene pairs with dominant suppression epistasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifty four F1 hybrids were developed in chilli using Line x Tester mating design with nine lines and six testers at Horticultural Research Station, Lam farm, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh during kharif. Estimates of combining ability effects were calculated for seven biochemical traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the parents, crosses and parents vs. hybrids for all the traits studied indicating the existence of wide variability among the material studied. All the characters exhibited low gca to sca ratio indicated predominance of non-additive gene action in inheritance of all traits studied and improvement can be made through heterosis breeding. Among the parents, the lines LCA 504, LCA 446, LCA 466, LCA 654 and LCA 355 and the testers G4, LCA 678, LCA 453 and LCA 705-2 were found to be good general combiners and among the 54 hybrids, the hybrids LCA 504 x LCA 678, LCA 615 x G4, LCA 655 x LCA 315, LCA 355 x LCA 678, LCA 504 x G4, LCA 504 x LCA 453 and LCA 607 x LCA 703-2 were found to be promising hybrids as they exhibited significant gca and sca effects in desirable direction for most of the quality traits. The resulted promising hybrids may be further tested over locations or seasons and recommended for commercial release and identified good general combiners could be utilized in future chilli breeding programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]