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The study was conducted in geriatric dogs to evaluate the anesthetic effect of propofol and etomidate in dogs premedicated with butorphanol and diazepam. Twelve adult dogs (males and females) were used in the study and were randomly divided into two groups viz. group P (propofol) and group E (etomidate) six animals each. The dogs were premedicated with diazepam 0.25 mg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg fifteen minutes before induction intravenously and separately. General anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg in group P or etomidate 1 mg/kg in group E to effect and drugs were administered rapidly over a period of 45 seconds up to effect. Induction quality, recovery quality, and ataxia scores were recorded for each dog. Cardiopulmonary parameters (respiratory, pulse rates, pulse oximeter, and ECG recordings) were recorded before induction and immediately after intubation and before connection to the inhalant gas machine, using a multi-parameter monitor. The mean ± SE induction doses for the propofol and etomidate groups were 2.2 ± 0.16 and 0.97 ± 0.15 mg/kg respectively. Smooth intubation was observed in the propofol group as compared to the etomidate group, as laryngeal reflex was intact in this group. Physiological parameters (pulse rate, respiratory rate, pulse oximeter, capillary refill time, mucous membrane color, ECG recordings and blood pressure) did not vary significantly between the two groups during the anesthesia. There were more adverse reactions in the etomidate group as compared to the propofol group, but the differences were not significant. Neither of the anesthetics, etomidate and propofol, in dogs premedicated with butorphanol and diazepam, had any major adverse effect on the cardiopulmonary system in the geriatric dogs., Ovo je istraživanje provedeno kako bi se procijenio anestetički učinak propofola i etomidata u starijih pasa u kojih je za premedikaciju primijenjen butorfanol i diazepam. Dvanaest odraslih pasa (mužjaka i ženki) nasumično je podijeljeno u dvije skupine po šest jedinki: skupinu P (propofol) i skupinu E (etomidat). Psima je za premedikaciju apliciran diazepam u dozi od 0,25 mg/kg i butorfanol u dozi od 0,2 mg/kg intravenski i odvojeno, 15 minuta prije uvođenja u anesteziju. Opća anestezija inducirana je propofolom u dozi od 2 mg/kg u skupini P i etomidatom u dozi od 1 mg/kg u skupini E do učinka, a pripravci su primijenjeni brzo tijekom 45 sekundi do učinka. za svakog su psa zabilježeni kvaliteta uvođenja u anesteziju, oporavka i intenzitet ataksije. Srčano-plućni pokazatelji (disanje, srčani puls, pulsna oksimetrija i EKG) zabilježeni su prije uvođenja u anesteziju i odmah nakon intubacije te prije spajanja na respirator koristeći se multiparametrijskim monitorom. Prosječne ± SE doze za uvođenje u anesteziju bile su 2,2 ± 0,16 za propofol i 0,97 ± 0,15 mg/kg za etomidat. U skupini u kojoj je dan propofol primijećena je neometana intubacija u usporedbi sa skupinom u kojoj je dan etomidat, zbog izostanka laringealnog refleksa. Fiziološki pokazatelji (disanje, srčani puls, pulsna oksimetrija, vrijeme punjenja kapilara, boja sluznica, EKG i krvni tlak) nisu znakovito varirali u skupinama za vrijeme anestezije. Više je neželjenih reakcija bilo u skupini kojoj je dan etomidat, ali razlike nisu bile znakovite. zaključujemo da ni propofol ni etomidat nemaju znatnijih negativnih učinaka na srčano-plućni sustav starijih pasa kojima je za premedikaciju apliciran butorfanol i diazepam.

Asiatic lions (Panthera Leo Persica) and hybrid lions are often subjected to chemical immobilization and anaesthesia for various measures related to conservation and elective and emergency surgical procedures by veterinarians. Management of long term anaesthesia has been carried out under using injectable anaesthetics and ancillary drugs which pose problems due to change in depth of anaesthesia and alteration in homeostasis leading to stress and stress related complications. Significantly higher dose (p < 0.05) of xylazine and ketamine was required in sub-adult lions (1.08±0.10 and 2.70±0.26 mg/kg body weight) than adult lions (1.06±0.30 and 2.64±0.08 mg/kg body weight) for immobilization. Similarly lions required higher dose (p < 0.05) of xylazine and ketamine (1.08±0.07 and 2.71±0.16 mg/kg body weight) than lioness (1.04±0.40 and 2.61±0.10 mg/kg body weight) for immobilization irrespective of body weights. Ketamine and propofol (2 &1 mg/kg iv) could be used as induction agents. Propofol induction was safe for oral digital palpation of glottis and intubation. Isoflurane provided smooth maintenance. This work is useful for wildlife veterinarians.