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Objective: This pilot study aims to evaluate the combined impact of peripheral nerve mobilization (PNM) and virtual reality (VR) game-based gait training on gait parameters in chronic anterior cerebral artery (ACA) stroke patients. Methods: Eight chronic ACA stroke patients were randomized into experimental (PNM + VR) and control (conventional exercises) groups. Interventions were conducted for 45 min per session, five times a week, over 4 weeks. Gait parameters were measured using the OpenPose-based Markerless Gait Analysis System. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in post-intervention measurements. The control group exhibited a mean increase in gait speed from 0.46 m/s to 0.62 m/s (p < 0.001), while the intervention group showed improvements from 0.41 m/s to 0.54 m/s (p < 0.001). Between-group analyses revealed significant differences in gait parameters post-intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: PNM and VR game-based gait training emerge as effective interventions for enhancing gait parameters in ACA stroke rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a dynamic team sport, basketball emphasizes the need for customized training programs for junior players, given its unique demands characterized by varied movement patterns. While existing research predominantly addresses injury prevention and performance enhancement in other sports, there is a discernible gap in similar studies focusing on Asian junior basketball athletes. Recognizing basketball's intermittent and dynamic nature, this study investigates the efficacy of an eight-week plyometric training program on agility, sprint performance, and explosive leg power in junior players. Sixty-four participants, meeting specific inclusion criteria, voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the regular activity group (RAG, N = 32) or the plyometric training group (PTG, N = 32) via randomized controlled trial. The plyometric training program, spanning eight weeks with three sessions per week, featured a carefully designed program to enhance power, speed, and explosiveness. Ethical clearance was obtained, and the study was registered under the Clinical Trial Registry (CTRI/2023/04/052010). Assessments, including the "T" test for agility, the 30-m sprint test for speed, and the Sargent jump test for jump height and leg power, were conducted at pre-, mid-, and post-training stages. Statistical analyses, including independent samples t-test and repeated measures ANOVA, were employed to examine the statistical significance of observed variances. The results consistently demonstrated the PTG's superior performance in agility, sprint speed, and jump height over the RAG. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the athletic performance of junior basketball players through a well-structured plyometric training program. The study underscores the reliability and robustness of observed effects while acknowledging the modest practical significance of small effect sizes in terms of statistical significance. These results provide a foundation for further exploration and improvement of training protocols in sports science, offering practical recommendations to coaches, trainers, and sports professionals to enhance the functional performance of junior basketball players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Shoulder impingement pain is caused by the compression of the rotator cuff and the subacromial bursa. Reduced scapular stability was found to cause shoulder impingement. So, the purpose of the study was to identify whether scapula stability taping vs. scapular stabilization exercise is more effective in the treatment of shoulder impingement pain. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of scapula stabilization exercise versus scapula stability taping on shoulder impingement pain. Methods: This experimental study has been conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. 58 subjects were divided into Group A (29 Subjects) and Group B (29 Subjects). Group A was treated with shoulder stabilization exercises, and Group B was treated with shoulder stability taping. The treatments were given for 4 days per week and continued for 4 weeks. Result: The results showed that the subject's pain, shoulder ROM, and disability improved statistically stabilization exercise Group than stability taping Group. Conclusion: Findings conclude that 4 weeks of scapular stabilization exercises were found to be more effective in increasing scapular muscle strength in preventing shoulder impingement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adhesive capsulitis is an inflammatory condition that causes discomfort and stiffness in the shoulder which has a prevalence of 2% to 5%. Hence this research work is done to check the efficacy of Maitland mobilization technique versus Exercise with therapeutic ultrasound in adhesive capsulitis. Purpose: To find out the effects of Maitland mobilization technique & exercise with therapeutic ultrasound in adhesive capsulitis. Materials and Methods: Total of 28 participants were selected from Vijay physiotherapy clinic and divided into two groups. Group A was allocated with 14 participants and managed with Maitland mobilization technique and ultrasound. Group B 14 participants were managed with exercises and ultrasound for 4 weeks. The participant's intervention effects were assessed using VAS, SPADI Scale and Range of motion Study Period: November 2022 to July 2023. Result: This study results showed a significant (p value 0.0001) reduction in pain and improvement in shoulder disability values and ROM of adhesive capsulitis participants in group A (Maitland mobilization technique and Ultrasound) compared with group B (Exercise and Ultrasound). Conclusion: This study found that the Maitland Mobilization technique as well as Exercise both seems to be effective in treating adhesive capsulitis. But the patients in Maitland Group show greater improvement than the exercise group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervicogenic headache is a unilateral, fixed, or side-locked headache that commonly affects adults. The studies had tried therapeutic and hands-on therapy for managing the Cervicogenic headache. The intent of this current study is to identify whether ultrasound or trigger point is more effective for Cervicogenic headaches. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of ultrasound versus trigger point release on patients with cervicogenic headache. Materials and Methods: This experimental study has been conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. 30 cervicogenic headache subjects were taken from Shanthi physio clinic selected based on the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) was used to measure pain and Neck disability index (NDI) was used to identify head and neck function of the participants. The subjects were divided into Group A (15 Subjects) and Group B (15 Subjects). Group A were treated with Trigger point release with trigger point localization and Group B were treated with Ultrasound with trigger point localization. The treatments were given for 5 days per week and continued for 4 weeks. Result: The pretest and post test values were analyzed, results suggest that trigger point release with trigger point localization has significant improvement when compared with ultrasound with trigger point localization with p value <0.001. Conclusion: It is suggested that trigger point release with trigger point localization can be more effective for reducing the pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The physiological data cannot be the only predictor of competitive performance, much like in other sports where abilities are crucial. On the other hand, it's important to remember that these physiological norms and standards are prerequisites for success in football competition at the highest levels. When choosing talent, conventions are crucial. For athletes who train and compete at the greatest levels of performance, pain management is a critical concern. Purpose: To evaluate the comparison of physiological effects among collegiate-level football players with and without musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods: The subjects were selected from the Saveetha physical education department based on inclusion criteria from January 2022 to April 2022. They explained about the study. 25 collegiate football players were involved: group A (n = 7) with musculoskeletal pain and group B (n = 17) without musculoskeletal pain. The pro agility shuttle, vertical jump, standing broad jump, 40-yard test, and three cone drill were assessed, and the body composition was assessed using a skinfold caliper. Result: The statistical analysis made with quantitative data revealed no statistical difference between groups A and B. Conclusion: The present study shows there is no significant difference in the physiological profiles of football players with or without musculoskeletal pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Long COVID is a term used to describe persistent symptoms and complications experienced by individuals after recovering from acute COVID-19 infection. Respiratory impairment, defined by diminished lung function, exercise intolerance, and diminished respiratory muscle strength, is one of the frequent long-term consequences of COVID-19 which can significantly impact the quality of life. Hence, exploring effective interventions to improve respiratory efficiency in this population is crucial. Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of stacking breathing techniques on respiratory efficiency in post COVID-19 patients. Material and Method: This is an experimental study done using convenient sampling technique with inclusion criteria of age between 18 to 60 taken from siva physiotherapy clinic. Patients having SPO2 level of 95. History of Post Covid Patients with secondary disease and irregular heartbeat were excluded. The sampling size of the study is (n=60) subjects for a period of 4 weeks. The entire process was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. Results: According to the statistical analysis, Deep Breathing Techniques are successful in improving respiratory rate among Post Covid-19 Patients. The statistical analysis of both the groups with respect to the post-test values (mean ± SD) for respiratory rate 17.1700 ± 1.2600 and 15.47± 1.07 and showed that the p value is statistically significant <0.0001. Post intervention (mean ± SD) for post Covid -19 functional status scale(PCFS) 0.83 ± 0.75 and 1.40± 0.77and showed that the p value is statistically significant <0.0001. Conclusion: This study finally concluded that deep breathing techniques have a high impact in improving Respiratory rate and Post Covid 19 functional status scale (PCFS) among Post Covid-19 Patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: It has been estimated that over 15 million women suffer from breast cancer. Consequently, there is a lot of interest in physical treatment for breast cancer recovery. This study aims to find the impact of aerobic exercises and Pilates on improving QoL, fatigue, pain and physical fitness in breast cancer patients. The study is focussed on assessing the quality of life with cardiovascular training versus Pilates exercise for breast cancer survivors. Methods: Total of 12 participants were chosen from Saveetha hospital (Chennai) and Global Hospital (Madanapalle), by random sampling. They were asked for a written consent form. The patients were randomly divided into two groups after completing pre-tests for QoL and FACIT-F. GROUP A received cardiovascular training (aerobic exercise program) alone and GROUP B received a combined program (aerobic exercise and Pilates). After 8 weeks of training with combined exercise and aerobic exercise alone QoL and FACIT-F scores were re-evaluated and post-test was reported. The collected data were tabulated and analysed. (Study period : September 2022 to June 2023). Result: A significant difference in terms of statistics was found between GROUP A and GROUP B as well as within the group, based on the statistical examination of the quantitative data. Conclusion: The findings of the present study demonstrate improvements in both Pilates exercise and cardiovascular training among women with breast cancer. However, GROUP B shows an extremely significant improvement compared to GROUP A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: College students are required to sit for long periods of time in their classrooms. Prolonged sitting is defined as sitting for more than 2 hours continuously, students usually sit in classrooms on an average of 6 to 8 hours per day. Prolonged sitting has become a major risk factor causing low back pain especially among university students. The recurrence of LBP at old age also increases if the person is found to have LBP at an early stage. Purpose: The objective of this research is to establish the gradual development from functional limitations in non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) among college students after spinal extension exercise and ergonomic advice. Materials and Methods: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the subjects were identified. They were provided with an explanation of the study. A group of 60 subjects were recruited for this research and divided into 3 groups, in which the first group was given spinal extension exercise (n=20), the second group (n=20) was given ergonomic advice and the third group (n=20) was given combination of both the interventions. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire is a 24-item self-report tool for assessing function. The entire process was performed from November 2022 to April 2023. Result: From statistical analysis, the group that received spinal extension exercise combined with ergonomic advice has better outcomes. (p=0.001) Conclusion: The spinal extension exercise given along with ergonomic advice is effective in the treatment of NSLBP for university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The success of athletes is greatly influenced by their morphological and anthropometric traits. Numerous studies have examined how often volleyball players experience musculoskeletal pain, which is typically located in the upper and lower back. The present study was to compare the physiological profiles with or without musculoskeletal pain in volleyball players. Purpose: To compare the difference in the physiological profiles of volleyball players with or without musculoskeletal pain. Materials and methods: The subjects were collegiate volleyball players selected based on inclusion criteria. They explained about the study. Volleyball players were allocated into two groups of total 83 containing group A (n=23) with musculoskeletal pain and group B without musculoskeletal pain. The pro agility shuttle, vertical jump, standing broad jump, 40-yard test, three cone drill were assessed and the body composition was assessed using skinfold caliper. The entire process was performed from February 2023 to June 2023. Result: From the statistical analysis made with quantitative data revealed no statistical difference between group A and group B Conclusion: The present study shows there was no significant difference in the physiological profiles of volleyball players with or without musculoskeletal pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Low back pain is not an illness but rather a collection of symptoms that are typically acute and self-limiting. It has an impact on work performance and general wellbeing. The most commonly used modalities of LBP are Interferential therapy and TENS. Hence this research work is done to check the effectiveness of IFT with McKenzie and TENS with McKenzie for reducing low back pain. Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of IFT and TENS combined with McKenzie to reduce low back pain. Materials and Methods: 60 subjects were selected based on selection criteria. The subjects were assessed using VAS and OSWESTRY Low back pain disability questionnaires. The subjects selected were divided into two groups. IFT group(n=30) received IFT for 20 minutes per day combined with McKenzie exercises TENS group (n= 30) received TENS for 20 minutes per day combined with McKenzie exercises. These interventions were given for 4 days per week for 2 weeks. Study period: October 2022 to July 2023. Result: The pretest and posttest values were analyzed and results suggest that the IFT group has significant improvement when compared with the TENS group with p value <0.0001. Conclusion: The study concludes that the IFT with McKenzie and TENS with McKenzie is effective for patients with low back pain but IFT with McKenzie seems to be more effective than TENS with McKenzie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diastasis recti (DR) is the separation of the abdominis rectus muscles in the central region, along with the white linea, in postpartum women. Less attention given towards the management of DR results in further complications such as urinary incontinence, descending reproductive organs, both umbilical and abdominal hernias, low back pain, and pelvic pain. Purpose: The aim of the study is to find the effectiveness of abdominal hypopressive techniques on diastasis recti in postpartum women. Materials and Methods: A total of 44 participants were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMCH and randomly assigned into 2 groups- Hypopressive exercise group (n = 22) with the mean age of 27.22 ± 1.71 years and conventional abdominal exercise group (n = 22) in with mean age of 26.36 ± 2.25 years. The Digital Vernier caliper and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) version 2.0 were used as outcome measures to assess the inter recti distance and low back pain at baseline and after 8 weeks. Both therapies were administered 3 times a week for eight weeks. Results: At the end of the treatment session, both groups showed significant improvement in inter recti distance and pain, but the participants who underwent hypopressive exercises had statistically (p < 0.05) better results. Conclusion: The study shows that hypopressive exercises can be utilized to treat individuals with diastasis recti in postpartum women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cyclic mastalgia is described as pain occurring in the breast that begins before menstruation and subsides with the onset of the menstrual cycle. Studies indicate the usage of yoga, LASER and various other pharmacological methods for treating cyclic mastalgia. There is inadequate literature to report the effect of exercises on cyclic mastalgia. Purpose: To compare the effect of structured exercise program and aerobic exercise on reducing pain in females with cyclic mastalgia. Materials and Methods: In phase 1, the prevalence of cyclic mastalgia was analyzed using premenstrual syndrome scale from a private institute. In phase 2, a total of 52 subjects were selected from phase 1 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided randomly into two groups, where group A (n = 26) received structured exercises and group B (n = 26) received aerobic exercises, along with breast massage and advice on usage of properly fitting brassiere for both the groups. NPRS and Cardiff breast pain charts were used as outcome measures. Results: In phase 1, percentage calculation was used to determine the prevalence. In phase 2, t test analysis and non-parametric tests were used for post intervention analysis. Both groups have shown a significant reduction in severity and duration of breast pain, but the difference was higher in group A. Conclusion: In phase 1, the prevalence of cyclic mastalgia was 69%. In phase 2, structured exercise protocol was more effective in reducing pain in females with cyclic mastalgia when compared with aerobic exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Menopause leads to a dramatic drop in ovarian function which lower the oestrogen in the circulating blood may cause atrophy of vaginal epithelium. Traditionally the atrophy of vaginal epithelium was managed by Kegels exercise but not attempted using reverse Kegels exercise. Purpose: This present study attempted the reverse Kegels exercise and compares the effectiveness with traditional Kegels exercise on vaginal atrophy and vaginal pH among postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: 32 postmenopausal women in the age group between 40 to 60 years with vaginal atrophy were recruited and randomly assigned to one of the two groups: Traditional Kegels group (n=16) and Reverse Kegels group (n=16). The vulvovaginal symptom questionnaire (VSQ) and vaginal pH test kit were used as outcome measures to assess the vulvovaginal symptoms and vaginal pH level before and after the intervention. Results: The t-test analysis was used to analyse the comparison within and between the groups. The p value of the Vulvovaginal symptom questionnaire in post-test values between the groups was 0.0256 (p value < 0.05) which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the outcome measures the participants in the traditional Kegels exercise found to be better in reliving the vulvovaginal symptoms. However, the vaginal pH level in both the groups after intervention does not show any changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main issues in industrialized nations is work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD), which are linked to demanding and repetitive work environments. Repetitive actions and work without leisure can lead to musculoskeletal problems. To prevent this occurrence, promoting healthy lifestyle self-care management is essential. The main objective of this case study was to assess the risk of work- related musculoskeletal disorders in professional physiotherapist and their workplace self-management. Case Description: a case of a 39-year-old male assistant professor cum clinical practitioner with 12 years of experience in the profession, who engages in using the computer for 6 hours a day for his academic and clinical documentation purposes, was assessed in the workstation. He complains of neck and shoulder pain after engaging in front of the computer for more than one hour, which he manages during the routine practice. He manages his pain by doing simple exercises like chin tuck-in and shoulder bracing by taking a short break every hour while working on a computer. Musculoskeletal- related pain was analyzed using the VAS score (visual analogue scale), and the level of the risks was analyzed using the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) scale. The case study showed that professional physiotherapists have a high risk of MSDs due to their engagement in multiple tasks and less attention to body posture. Regular exercise in the workstation and ergonomic workplace awareness would prevent the occurrence of work-related MSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: World Health Organization has defined physical activity as any physiological movement that needs energy expenditure and is produced by skeletal muscles. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the government has imposed a lockdown to reduce the infection rate. Hence, many industries have moved to work from home platforms. Based on the studies, it is believed that these restrictions have caused a reduction in physical activity and an increase in sedentary behavior, which leads to musculoskeletal disorders. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between level of physical activity and subjective musculoskeletal pain in adults who work from home. Methodology: An online questionnaire distributed via Google Form links was sent to those who have been working from home (WFH) during and after COVID-19 in the past few years in Malaysia. The collected data was then analysed using the Pearson chi-square test using SPSS version 26 Mac OS. The Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Nordic Questionnaire were used to determine the participants' levels of physical activity and musculoskeletal pain. Result: This study found that many of the respondents experienced neck pain (n = 98, 54%), shoulder pain (n = 75, 41%), and low back pain (n = 94, 51.9%) during the past year. Further, the study findings revealed a significant relationship between neck (p = 0.014) and hip pain (p = 0.004) with the work index, wrist pain (p = 0.002) with the leisure index, and ankle joint pain (p = 0.024) with the work and sport index. Conclusion: According to the findings, WFH decrease the level of participants' physical activity, thus leading to an increase in musculoskeletal pain over the neck, shoulder, and low back. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Erectile function is a complex system that involves a complex interplay between vascular, neuronal and psychological components. Genital problems are a tough issue to discuss since they are typically socially stigmatised and can cause patients to feel isolated. The aim of the study to improve the erectile functions among elderly individuals by transcutaneus posterior tibial nerve stimulation and thus improves the quality of life as well as their social and emotional well beings. Methods: This study was a pilot study involving 13 erectile dysfunction patients, conducted at saveetha institute of medical and technical science (SIMATS) for a period of 12 weeks. All the participants were assessed with Arizona sexual experience (ASEX) scale. The subjects were given Transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation for 30 minutes alternative days for 3 days a week. Result:All the procedures were conducted in a safe and comfortable environment. TPTNS produced visible motor response and tolerable sensory response in all the patients. At the end of the study, there is a positive change noted in erectile function. Comparing the baseline score and end score of ASEX, there was a significant reduction in the erectile dysfunction frequency upon the intervention. Conclusion: This study implies that TPTNS is rather helpful and faster way of treating patients with erectile dysfunction. The result showed a significant reduction in symptoms of erectile dysfunction and betterment in the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Muscle weakness is most related to slower walking pace and greater risk of impairment and slips in elderly. Walking speed is important component on balance and stability in older adults. Walking with lower acceleration and shorter step length is likely to greater risk of falling. The individual geriatric affected with low walking speed will be improved by resistance training program. The aim of research is to determine the effect of resistance training on walking speed among geriatric population. Method: The study conducted was Quasi-experimental studywith10 geriatrics conducted at Saveetha Medical College. The patients were assessed using spontaneous walking speed before and after treatment. The patients were given resistance training technique (30 minutes per session) for 3 sessions per day for 2weeks. Result: The statistical analysis reveals that p value <0.0001 is statistically significant. As result, the resistance training was found to be effective in geriatrics. Conclusion: The findings from this study indicated that resistance training technique is an efficacious intervention strategy to improve walking speed in geriatric population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: Incontinence is one of the most common causes for admission to a residential facility. Fecal incontinence becomes more prevalent at the age of 70. In both men and women, fecal incontinence is a common condition, particularly among the elderly. Although a few research suggests that posterior tibial nerve stimulation can aid with fecal incontinence, more research is needed. Preoperative and postoperative measures are compared to determine treatment outcomes. Thus, the goal of this research is to see how posterior tibial nerve stimulation affects fecal incontinence in geriatrics. Methods: The research was conducted as a pilot study at SIMATS, using samples taken from Saveetha hospital's neuro IPD and physiotherapy OPD. A total of 15 patients were chosen at random based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research included both geriatric men and women with fecal incontinence who were examined using the Wexner score prior and after intervention. The posterior tibial nerve was stimulated with electrical stimulation twice a day for 4 weeks. Result: The occurrence of incontinent episodes in geriatric individuals was drastically decreased, with a significant value of p<0.001. Conclusion: The use of posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the elderly has been proven to be a successful therapy technique for reducing fecal incontinence episodes. In terms of treatment, the findings of this study seem promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the second most prevalent cause of work absence, resulting in hand functional loss and disability which affects 5.8% in women and 0.6% in men. This compression neuropathic syndrome causes pain, numbness& paraesthesia in the median nerve's distribution. Atrophy of thenar muscles may occur in later stage. Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of ULTRASOUND and TENS in the management of CTS. Methodology: A total of 30 subjects with CTS were selected according to inclusion and exclusion standards. Patients were split into two groups at random (experimental -15, conventional-15). The experimental group will receive ULTRASOUND along with wrist mobility exercise. The conventional group will receive TENS along with wrist mobility exercise for the period of two sets of five reps, five times per week for six weeks. VAS pain scale and BCTQ (Boston carpal tunnel questionnaires) was utilized as an outcome measure. Result: The mean value of pretest was (VAS-5.13, SSS-29.27, FSS-19.93) and the posttest values was (VAS-2.00, SSS-14.07, FSS-9.13) for experimental group and the mean value of pretest was (VAS-5.20, SSS-29.67, FSS-20.73) and the post values was (VAS-4.00, SSS-21.52, FSS-16.93) for conventional group, respectively. Conclusion: From the study, it has been concluded that ULTRASOUND showed the better results in pain relief and functional activity in patients with CTS. Although TENS showed gradual improvement in pain relief alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses are one of the main professions in the hospital to recover patients from their abnormal health conditions. The activity of nurses is intimately connected to shift work. Daily shift work results in increased workload and mental stress, which leads to sleep disorder and delayed adaptation for young nurses to shift work, this may cause the nurse's difficulty falling asleep or insomnia. There is compelling evidence that shift work has a negative impact on sleep, alertness, and exhaustion, which may contribute to mental health issues and sleep issues. Aim: This study aims to find the effectiveness of Jacobson's relaxation technique and yoga in insomnia among shift nurses. Methodology: In phase 1: The survey was conducted among 100 nurses through Google forms using ISI questionnaires. They were chosen with the help of the convenience sampling technique. Among 100 responded participants, 54% were diagnosed to have insomnia based on the total score range. 20% of selected nurses disagreed to participate in the experimental study (phase 2). Ultimately, 30 nurses were chosen to take part in the experimental trial based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of phase 2. The participants in the study who had sleeplessness received two therapies. 30 selected nurses were randomly allocated into two groups, 15 in each group. One group was given yoga (Group Y) and another group was given Jacobson's relaxation technique (Group J). It was given for a time period of 4 days per week for a duration of one month. Results: A statistically significant difference between Group Y (Yoga) and Group J (Jacobson's relaxation technique) was found by statistical analysis of the statistical data. In comparison to Group J, Group Y had lower PSQI values. As a result, group Y and group J differ statistically significantly from one another. Conclusion: It has been concluded that both yoga and Jacobson's relaxation technique were more effective in improving sleep in nurses with insomnia, among them yoga is more effective than Jacobson's relaxation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Visual feedback training with a mirror is a technique that can improve postural stability by providing feedback on induced movements via a mirror image of the body image in the mirror. Balance training is considered to be an important aspect of a fall prevention program. Damage to balance ability causes difficulty in walking and performing functional activities. Hence, balance ability is the basis for independent movement and functional performance the aim is to find out the effects of visual feedback on balance and risk of fall among geriatric population. Aim and objectives: The aim and objective of the study is to find the effects of visual feedback on balance and risk of fall among geriatric population. Methodology: This study is an experimental study. A total of 30 geriatric population were selected based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were separated into two groups, the conventional group and the experimental group, each with 15 members. The detailed procedure was explained to the participants and a written informed consent form was obtained. Result: The values were statistically analyzed. The post-test mean value of Berg Balance scale in experimental group was 45.9 and conventional group was 43.2. This showed that Berg Balance Scale in experimental group was comparatively higher than conventional group. The post mean value of fall efficacy scale in experimental group was 4.80 and in conventional group was 5.93. This proves that fall efficacy scale in experimental group was comparatively less than conventional group. Conclusion: This study concluded that mirror visual feedback of experimental group was found more effective than conventional therapy in reducing risk of fall and increasing balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Several students' academic careers were affected by the COVID 19 pandemic over the world, and it even caused a considerable disruption to the education industry, which intensified psychological distress. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of lifestyle changes happened in online learning by use of the Euro Quality of life 5D 5L questionnaire among college students during covid 19 pandemic. Methodology: About 670 college students were included. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Based upon the selection criteria, the participants were selected for the study. Participants were asked to fill the Euro quality of life 5D 5L questionnaire. The evaluator was assigned to score each question. A demographic pre structured questionnaire containing details of personal data and impacts on quality of life was collected. Result: Mobility, self-care, regular activities, anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort are all heavily influenced, according to the statistical research. Results indicated that the overall health of the students were affected as the reported negative health (77.98%) was higher than the positive health (22.01%). Conclusion: In this study, students taking college level professional courses in online during covid 19 pandemic have seen a high prevalence of effect in their physical, emotional welling and decreased in overall health have been explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Each year, almost one-third of the elderly fall, and the likelihood of falling increases with age. Combining physical and cognitive training may be an effective intervention for fall risk reduction and cognitive enhancement. Physical and cognitive interventions, such as exercise and cognitive training, may be used to address the decline in cognitive function as well as the presence of some physical fall-related risk factors, such as decreased balance control, muscle weakness, and a slow gait, which predispose older adults to fall. Physical and cognitive abilities training can help to prevent or slow the onset of age-related cognitive decline. Aim: To Determine the Effectiveness of Combined Physical-Cognitive training on Balance among Geriatric population. Objective: To find out the effectiveness of combined physical - cognitive training on balance and cognitive function among geriatric population using Berg Balance Scale and Mini Mental State Examination. Methodology: This study is a quasi-experimental study. The study was conducted with sample size of 15 participants. The participants were selected from SCPT out-patient and SMCH hospital, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The detailed procedure was explained to the participants and a written informed consent form was obtained. All the 15 subjects were assessed with Berg Balance Scale and Mini Mental State Examination as a pretest and the same test was performed for post-test at the end of 4 weeks following the intervention protocol. All the 15 subjects received the combined training of physical and cognitive training for 60 mins, 3 sessions in a week, continued for 4 weeks. Results and Conclusion: Combined physical cognitive training is more effective on improving balance and cognitive function in geriatric population than using of a single treatment protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective:To evaluate the efficiency of posterior tibial nerve stimulation on multigravida mother's overactive bladder. Urine urgency, excessive urination, and urinary urgency in nights are the hallmarks of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), a urological condition that may or may not be followed by urinary incontinence (UI). This is a chronic disease that affects millions of women worldwide, with the risk of death increasing as they become older. Despite the fact that there is no immediate danger to life, it significantly impacts the health. In multigravida mothers, the lower urinary system, which includes the bladder and urethra, functions as a single functional unit. A technique for symptom evaluation called theoveractive bladder symptom score OABSS aims to sum up all OAB symptoms into a single score. Method: This pilot study was conducted at Saveetha medical college and hospital. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria samples were selected for the period of 4 weeks. Before and after the conclusion of treatment, the patients' OABSS were evaluated. Then the patients were treated with transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation for 4 weeks. Results: Comparing pre-test and post-test values in the experiment group revealed a statistically significant difference, according to statistical analysis of quantitative data, (P<0.0001) in OAB symptom score was recorded in multigravida women. Conclusion: This study concludes that posterior tibial nerve stimulation is effective in overactive bladder among multigravida mothers measured using OAB symptom score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: Spinal cord injury is still a leading cause of disability. Nowadays, there is a high level of illness and death. According to the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Centre, every year, 40 new instances per million people are documented. Over 80% of these people have some form of bladder dysfunction. Some studies suggest that sacral nerve stimulation can help with bladder dysfunction. Hence, this study was aimed to identify the benefit of sacral neuronal activity on detrusor over activity among spinal cord injury. Material & methods: This pilot test was analysed at the Saveetha Institute of Medical Science and Technology (SIMATS). For a four-week period, 15 patients with post-spinal cord injury were chosen. Patients were evaluated with overactive bladder symptoms score before the initiation of treatment. The patients were given with sacral nerve stimulation for 4 weeks 2 sessions per day. After 4 weeks of intervention patients were assessed with overactive bladder symptoms score as a posttest value. Result: The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement. The sacral nerve stimulation has been demonstrated to be efficacious in curing detrusor overactivity caused by spinal cord damage. Conclusion: This study emphasizes that sacral nerve stimulation improves bladder function in people with spinal cord injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The most common kind of cerebral palsy, which affects between 70 - 80 % of those diagnosed, is spastic cerebral palsy. Treatment options include surgery, medicine, and physical therapy. This illness impairs the coordination and regulation of motor function. In turn, the spinal cord's and the nerve's responses are affected, resulting in the stiffness and spasticity of the muscles. The present study aimed to find the effectiveness of sustained slow stretch and pressure application in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Methodology: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a comparative experimental study was carried on. 20 samples were divided into interventional (n=10) and conventional groups (n=10) and the samples were sampled according to convenient sampling. Interventional group received an inhibitory pressure application of about 35 to 50mmHg for 20 minutes with the help of sphygmomanometer over the hamstring muscle for 4 weeks. Conventional group received sustained slow stretch over the hamstring muscle for about 20 minutes per session for 4 weeks and the results will be interpreted. Results: There was only minor difference between the groups when compared statistically and was clinically significant. Conclusion: The result of this investigation allows us to draw the conclusion that both types of therapies, gradual continuous stretching and application of pressure, is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Insomnia is defined as a persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or by non-restorative sleep that causes daytime distress. Insomnia can lead to mental health issues such as depression and anxiousness, as well as an elevated risk long-term diseases or conditions like high blood pressure and heart disease. COVID -19 is a significant psychological stressor for patients. Patients are vulnerable to a variety of mental health issues even after they have recovered. Aim and objectives: The aim and objective of the study is to find out the prevalence of insomnia among post COVID-19 elderly population. Methodology: This study is a survey. The study was conducted among 300 participants of post COVID 19 Elderly population. Based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria participants were selected. The detailed procedure was explained to the participants and a written informed consent form was obtained. The insomnia severity Index scale was circulated among the participants and the obtained data was analyzed. Result: The values were statistically analyzed. This statistical analysis shows that in 1st wave 97 males and 73 females were affected and in 2nd wave 49 males and 71 females were affected. Conclusion: This article concluded that there is prevalence of insomnia among post COVID 19 elderly population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]