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Copyright of Türk Radyoloji Seminerleri is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Respiratory Case Reports is the property of LookUs Scientific and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) are more frequently seen in women and impairs quality of life. The aim of this study was to find agreement between the clinical examination and magnetic resonance defecography (MRD) findings of female patients with PFD related symptoms and to discuss the findings of MRDin PFD. Methods: Seventy-six female patients with complaints of PFD and undergone MRD were included in the study. The pubococcygeal line was used as the reference line for pelvic organ prolapse evaluation in MRD. MRD and clinical examination findings were compared. Results: Agreement between the MRD and clinical examination findings concerning the presence of cystoceles, rectoceles, entero/peritoneocele was 75%, 50%, and 60.52% respectively. However, the agreement was weaker in terms of pelvic organ prolapse grading (44% for cystoceles, 32% for rectoceles). Since there was no uterine prolapse detected on clinical examination an agreement test for uterine prolapse could not be performed. Conclusion: MRD is complementary to clinical examination in terms of its ability to comprehensively evaluate all compartments simultaneously. MRD provides additional information to the clinical examination in patients with symptoms related to PFD and should be utilized, in symptomatic cases, if the clinical examination findings are negative or if multicompartmental pathologies are suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE To evaluate the frequency of abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and interrogate the relationship between abdominal CT findings and patient demographic features, clinical findings, and laboratory test results as well as the CT atherosclerosis score in the abdominal aorta. METHODS This study was designed as a multicenter retrospective study. The abdominal CT findings of 1.181 patients with positive abdominal symptoms from 26 tertiary medical centers with a positive polymerase chain-reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were reviewed. The frequency of ischemic and non-ischemic CT findings as well as the association between CT findings, clinical features, and abdominal aortic calcific atherosclerosis score (AA-CAS) were recorded. RESULTS Ischemic and non-ischemic abdominal CT findings were detected in 240 (20.3%) and 328 (27.7%) patients, respectively. In 147 patients (12.4%), intra-abdominal malignancy was present. The most frequent ischemic abdominal CT findings were bowel wall thickening (n = 120; 10.2%) and perivascular infiltration (n = 40; 3.4%). As for non-ischemic findings, colitis (n = 91; 7.7%) and small bowel inflammation (n = 73; 6.2%) constituted the most frequent disease processes. The duration of hospital stay was found to be higher in patients with abdominal CT findings than in patients without any positive findings (13.8 ± 13 vs. 10.4 ± 12.8 days, P < 0.001). The frequency of abdominal CT findings was significantly higher in patients who did not survive the infection than in patients who were discharged after recovery (41.7% vs. 27.4%, P < 0.001). Increased AA-CAS was found to be associated with a higher risk of ischemic conditions in abdominal CT examinations. CONCLUSION Abdominal symptoms in patients with COVID-19 are usually associated with positive CT findings. The presence of ischemic findings on CT correlates with poor COVID-19 outcomes. A high AA-CAS is associated with abdominal ischemic findings in patients with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) is shown to have osseous and neural abnormalities but literature is sparse with investigation of vascular structures. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate periacetabular vascular structures. Methods: By computerised tomography angiography (CTA), 13 highly dislocated hips of 11 patients' iliac bone to external iliac and obturatory artery and vein proximities were measured and compared with the same measurements of 20 healthy hips of 12 patients. Numbering from superior to inferior, a total of 7 axial images were created on the 2D CTA coronal images with 1 cm apart, the 4th being at the level of acetabular dome. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53 (18--72) years. Dysplastic hips tended to have curved (53%) and healthy hips tended to have straight iliac arteries (p = 0.037). As compared to healthy hips, external iliac veins were significantly closer to the bone at all levels, but the external iliac arteries were closest at 1st to 4th levels (p < 0.001) in dysplastic hips. The course of the obturatory arteries was similar in both groups (p = 0.147). Conclusions: The external iliac artery and vein is in close proximity to the iliac bone which dangers acetabular screw, acetabular reaming or retractor placement in highly dislocated hips. The surgeon should be aware of this proximity in operations of these hips to avoid vascular complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.049 Byline: Selma Uysal Ramadan (a), Nursel Turkmen (b), N. Anil Dolgun (c), Dilek Gokharman (a), Ritesh G. Menezes (d), Mahmut Kacar (a), UAur KoAar (a) Keywords: Forensic science; Forensic anthropology; Sternum; Sex determination; Computed tomography; Forensic anthropology population data Abstract: One of the most important data that can be obtained from bones is sex determination for which the recommended method is taking metric measurements. Metric measurements can be performed directly on dried bones obtained from the cadaver or indirectly from their radiographs. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Radiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey (b) Department of Forensic Medicine, Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey (c) Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (d) Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India Article History: Received 18 August 2008; Revised 9 May 2009; Accepted 16 December 2009

Copyright of Istanbul Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gazi Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the correlation of the grip strength with sonographic measurement of interosseous muscles (IM) and the intermetacarpal fat pads (IMFP) of the hand. Material and Methods: A total of 40 healthy volunteers (mean age: 39±12 years, all female) were examined. Hand strength was assessed by the Jamar hand dynamometer. IM and IMFP thickness and width for both hands (n:80) were measured sonographically at four levels (1th, 2nd, 3rd and 4th intermetacarpal; palmar side for IM) and at three levels (2nd, 3rd and 4th intermetacarpal; dorsal side for IMFP). Results: The mean grip strength was 40±12 pounds (range: 20-67). Mean values (thickness x width) for IM were 20.7±2.1x9.9±1.2 mm, 9.0±1 x10.3±0.9 mm, 7.3±1.0x9.9±1.0 mm, 8.5±1 x9.5±0.9 mm at four levels, respectively. Mean values (thickness x width) for IMFP were 9.9±1.2x5.3±0.7 mm, 8.5±0.9x5.4±0.7 mm and 9.0±1.2x4.7±0.7 mm at three levels, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the grip strength and the dimen-sions of IM and IMFP (p<0.05). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the correlation of grip strength and the sonographic IM-IMFP measurements. Further research in study groups affected by clinical situations involving the hand, is necessary to reveal the role of IM and IMFP studies in evaluating the pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the image quality of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) obtained with the injection of various low doses of contrast medium (CM) with different injection-related factors.Methods: A total of 90 patients (42 females, 48 males; 54.3 +/- 18.6 years) undergoing CTPA were included. Three CM protocols, each containing 30 patients, were created. Protocols 1, 2 and 3 consisted of a CM of 60 ml, 55 ml and 50 ml, and a bolus trigger level of 120 HU, 90 HU and 75 HU, respectively. Injection was uniphasic for protocols 1 and 2 (flow rate 5 ml/s), and biphasic for protocol 3 (flow rates 5 and 4 ml/s); with saline flushing afterwards. Enhancement was measured in three central and six peripheral pulmonary arteries.Results: The mean attenuation value for pulmonary arteries was over 250 HU for all protocols. There was no difference between the attenuation levels with the protocols (p > 0.05). The percentage of pulmonary arteries exceeding optimal attenuation (> or =250 HU) showed that protocols 2 and 3 were 90-100% successful (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The use of proper injection-related factors during CTPA, such as a low trigger level and a high flow rate with saline injection following a decreased CM volume (55 ml or 50 ml), will enable adequate pulmonary artery contrast enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate whether renal dimensions and the main renal artery (mRA) diameter can provide indirect evidence of the presence or absence of accessory renal arteries (aRA)., Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 167 patients (83 women, 84 men; mean age, 52.4±13.1 years) who presented to our radiology department for abdominal CT examinations with various indications. CT examination was performed on a 64-slice CT scanner in the arterial phase. The kidney diameters were recorded. The number of renal arteries supplying each kidney was evaluated, and their diameters were measured. We attempted to determine a formula that could be used to predict the presence or absence of aRAs., Results: One or multiple aRAs were found in 76 (22.8%) of the 334 kidneys. The mRA diameter was 5.51±0.96 mm. The mRA diameter was smaller in kidneys with aRAs than in those without (P < 0.001). A cut-off value of 4.15 mm for the diameter of mRA to predict the presence of aRAs led to negative and positive predictive values of 80% and 90%, respectively. A formula that can predict that an aRA is absent with 97% accuracy given the values of the mRA diameter and the kidney length was determined using logistic regression., Conclusion: The mRA diameter (4.15 mm) alone and the results of the formula developed herein employing the mRA diameter and kidney length can respectively predict the presence or absence of an aRA with high accuracy.

We aimed in this report to discuss the embryology, anatomy, theories of ossification and symptoms, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of the stylohyoid chain (SHC) variations, together with the role of radiographs, computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D)-CT in showing these variations. Because CT/3D-CT additionally facilitates visualization of the entire SHC with different axes, it is the most valuable method for establishing the relationship between the SHC and the surrounding tissue. SHC variation can be discovered during CT performed for indications other than ossified SHC. It is important to diagnose whether or not the SHC is ossified, since one of the treatment procedures in ossified SHC is total excision. If the clinician and radiologist are aware of these variations observed in the SHC, patients with vague symptoms may be spared unnecessary investigations and may be properly diagnosed earlier., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the presence and type of vascularity with color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) in gynecomastia, to describe gray-scale ultrasound (US) and CDUS features in different stages of gynecomastia, and to compare these findings with the characteristic US appearances of Tanner stages., Materials and Methods: A total of 108 breasts of 54 males aged 11-27 years with complaint of gynecomastia and US verification of gynecomastia were evaluated. Each breast was then classified according to Tanner stages. The retroareolar thickness was measured. The breast was divided into three regions (medial, lateral, and retroareolar) and the arterial flow was scored according to the number of regions in which arterial flow was observed. Venous blood flow was scored according to the number of vessels in each breast., Results: Gynecomastia was present in 78 breasts with a retroareolar thickness of 5-31 mm and symptom duration of 1-300 weeks. Fifteen breasts with gynecomastia had no arterial or venous flow. Tanner stages were found to be strongly associated with arterial and venous flow scores, duration of symptoms, and retroareolar thickness (P < 0.001)., Conclusion: This study shows that vascular structures should be accepted as a component of gynecomastia. Vascularity in gynecomastia corresponds to progression of breast development, and as the process advances vascularity becomes more prominent.

Clinical symptoms of stylohyoid chain ossification vary from ear pain to dysphagia. It is usually diagnosed coincidentally. Localized ossification of the chain is common, whereas diffuse ossification is rare. Herein, a case with bilateral diffuse stylohyoid chain ossification diagnosed with computed tomography, which was performed in order to evaluate the patient's temporomandibular joint pain, a rare onset of this condition, is discussed.