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Drymonia mexicana Clavijo & J.L. Clark, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 & 2). TYPE: MEXICO. VERACRUZ: Mpio. San Andrés Tuxtla, EstaciÓn de BiologÍa Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Lote 71,“Pedregal” Selva alta perennifolia,18°34’- 18°36’N 95°04’- 95°09’W, 500 m, 1Aug 1986 (fl), G.Ibarra-M, L. González G., A. Ambros A., S.Sinaca C. 2990 (HOLOTYPE: MEXU!; ISOTYPE: US!). Differs from its congeners by the combination of narrow leaves and large corollas;leaves glabrous adaxially;bracts light green, widely ovate and entire; calyx cream to light green with ovate lobes;and flowers campanulate,with slightly ventrally recurved tube and purple limb. Facultative epiphytic herb or subshrub. Stem scandent, branched, sometimes with adventitious roots, subquadrangular in cross-section, green, bark papyraceous, strigillose to glabrescent (more so at base); internodes 2.9–34.0 mm long. Leaves opposite, decussate, clustered apically, equal to subequal in a pair; petiole 3.7–19.0 mm, terete in cross-section, strigillose to glabrescent, usually with enations at base; blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 1.81–7.93 × 1.0–2.91 cm, coriaceous, apex acuminate, base attenuate to cuneate, symmetrical, margin entire, light green and usually drying brown-reddish abaxially, strigillose to glabrescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially, (3–)4 pairs of primary lateral veins, slightly visible on both sides, strigillose to glabrescent, higher order of venation not evident. Inflorescence axillary, reduced from a pair-flowered cyme, 1–3 flowers per axil. Flowers subtended by a pair of bracts, 7.1–11.5 × 3.5–6.8 mm, light green, widely ovate, apex acuminate, margin entire, strigillose at the base abaxially; pedicel 7–19.3 mm long, green, strigillose. Calyx cream to light green, membranous to coriaceous, persistent in fruit, venation not evident when live, reticulate when dry; calyx lobes 5, 4 nearly equal, ovate, apex acute, base cordate, margin entire, glabrous, but sometimes strigillose at the base abaxially, glabrous adaxially; ventral and lateral lobes 14.8–32.0(–38) × 10.6–25.0(–28.5) mm, dorsal lobe ca. 21.4 × 15.0 mm. Corolla zygomorphic, campanulate, 50.0–70.0(–80) mm long; tube slightly ventrally recurved, oblique relative to calyx, 35.5–70.0 mm long, 10.4–17.0 mm wide at the middle, 12.7–21.7 mm toward the throat, white suffused with purple and glabrescent to strigillose outside, white with longitudinal purple lines, particularly toward the throat inside; throat purple and glabrescent to strigillose outside, purple with glandular trichomes dorsally inside; corolla lobes 5, subequal, purple, spreading, apices rounded, margin slightly erose, glabrescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially, 6.2–9.3 × 6.0–12.6 mm, ventral lobe slightly larger than the others. Androecium of 4 didynamous stamens; filaments included, 27–50 mm long, glabrescent, coiling after anthesis, staminode absent; anthers oblong, dehiscent by a basal pore that develops into a longitudinal slit. Gynoecium with a single dorsal nectary gland; ovary superior and ovate, pilose; style included, pilose with few scattered glandular trichomes, 19.8–37 mm long; stigma clavate. Fruit a bivalved fleshy capsule, dehiscent into two reflexed valves, 18.0–21.6 × 17.3–22.2 mm, globose, yellow to orange, strigose; seeds numerous, 1.02–1.17 × 0.27–0.37 mm, black. Distribution and habitat.— Drymonia mexicana is endemic to the Gulf of Mexico coastal state of Veracruz. All collections of Drymonia mexicana are from higher elevations (500 to 1350 m) of the Sierra de los Tuxtlas (Tuxtlas Mountains) and the Sierra de Santa Martha in the municipalities (municipios) of Catemaco, San Andrés Tuxtla and Soteapan. These forests are described by collectors as selva alta perennifolia (evergreen high forest) or bosque mesÓfilo de montaña (cloud forest). An additional population could be represented in a remanent tract of forest located 10–15 km east of the Sierra de Santa Martha range in San Martin on the border of the municipalities of Pajapan and Mecayapan (ca. 6–10 km northwest of the city of Pajapan), but no collections of D.mexicana are currently known from this locality. Drymonia mexicana is distinguished from other congeners from Mexico by the combination of narrow leaves (rarely exceed 3 cm wide) with large corollas (up to 70 mm long); leaves with (3–)4 pairs of primary lateral veins, and adaxial surface glabrous (Fig. 1A); bracts light green, widely ovate and entire (Fig. 1D); calyx cream to light green, with ovate lobes (Fig. 1); and campanulate flowers, with slightly ventral recurved tube and purple limb (Fig. 1, Fig. 2C). Among the species of Drymonia in Mexico, D. mexicana is more similar to D. oinocrophylla due to their relatively small leaves (D.mexicana (vs. pilose in D. oinocrophylla), the leaves glabrous adaxially and light green abaxially in D. mexicana (vs. strigose and purplish-red in D. oinocrophylla), the bracts widely ovate and light green in D. mexicana (vs. lanceolate and red in D. oinocrophylla), the calyx lobes ovate in D. mexicana (vs. lanceolate in D. oinocrophylla), and the corolla 50–70 mm long with purple limb in D.mexicana (vs. 30–40 mm long with cream, sometimes suffused with pink, limb in D. oinocrophylla). Phenology.— Drymonia mexicana has been observed in flower and fruit from July through December. Etymology.—The specific epithet is in reference to the country of Mexico where Drymonia mexicana is endemic. Conservation and IUCN Red List category.— Drymonia mexicana is geographically limited to three populations in the Mexican state of Veracruz. More than 12% of Mexico’s native forest has been lost since the 1950s (Velázquez et al. 2002). The state of Veracruz is reported to have one of the highest rates of deforestation in Mexico (Muñiz-Castro et al. 2015; GÓmez-DÍaz et al. 2018) where more than 80% of its primary vegetation has been converted to pastures, plantations, and secondary vegetation (Ellis et al. 2011). The Sierra de los Tuxtlas (Tuxtlas Mountains) corresponds to the range of Drymonia mexicana and is an important biodiversity hotspot. This area is represented by 2,548 species with more than 600 occurring in an area of less than 116 km 2 (Villaseñor et al. 2018). Therefore, we provisionally assess this new species as Endangered (EN), according to the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN 2012) for restricted geographic range (B1 ab + B2 ab). Additional specimens studied. MEXICO. Veracruz, Mpio. Catamaco: Cerro Egegald, N de Catemaco, carr. a Sotecomapan, 700, 16 Nov 1985 (fr), G. Castillo-C et al. 4439 (XAL!); Rancho La Chingada, 10 km al SE de Tebanca camino de Bastonal, Encinar con Liquidambar y elementos de selva alta perennifolia,22 Nov 1984 (fr), R. Cedillo-T.et al.2892 (MEXU!MO); road from Coyame to Bastonal, E of Laguna de Catemaco, 700 m, 28 Jul 1973 (fl), R.L. Dressler 4442 (PMA, SEL!, US!); Cumbres de Bastonal, 10 Jul 1978 (fl), R. Cedillo-T. et al. 3278 (MEXU!);Ejido RuÍz Cortinez,falda del Volcán San MartÍn Tuxtla,bosque mesÓfilo de montaña, 18°34’N, 95°08’W,1110 m, 1 Jul 2005 (fl), T. KrÖmer & A. Acebey 2300 (MEXU!, SEL!XAL!);Camino Bstonal a Santa Martha, 920 m, 26 Nov 1978 (fr), A. GÓmez-P.et al.5426 (XAL!); 4.8 Km E of Tebanca (4.8 km E side of Laguna de Catemaco) on road to Bastonal,740 m, 5 Jul 1980 (fl), M.Nee & B.F.Hansen 18766 (XAL!); Coyame, cerca Cerro Cochinitos, selva alta perennifolia,alterada,3 Aug 1982 (fl), T.P.Ramamoorthy et al.3892 (MEXU!,US!); Bastonal,12 Km NE de Catemaco, camino Catemaco-Tebanca, 950 m, 30 Jul 1985 (fl), S. Sinaca-Colín 154 (MEXU!); Bastonal, 10 Km NE de Tebanca, camino al poblado de Coyame, 950 m, 30 Jul 1980 (fl, fr), S. Sinaca Colín 162 (MEXU!); Cerro Buenavisata, 3 km al N de Catemaco, carr. a Sotecomapan,600 m, 25 Sep 1999 (fr), A. Torres-R. 346 (XAL!). Mpio. San Andres Tuxtla: Cerro Coyolar,al N de Catemaco, 29 May 1985 (fl), J.I.Calzada 11813 (XAL!);Arriba de Bastonal, 700 m, 29 Jul 1973 (fl), A. GÓmez-P.5136 (XAL!). Mpio. Soteapan: Ejido Santa Martha,2 km al oeste, 950 m, 15 Jul 1987 (fl), R. Acosta-P. 1695 (NY!); Cerro Platanillo, falda del cerro, Sierra Santa Martha,1350 m, 20 Dic 1978 (fr), J.L. Calzada 5092 (XAL!); Alrededores del poblado de Santa Martha, 1240 m, 20 Dic 1978 (fl, fr), R.Ortega-O. et al.1098 (XAL!); Ejido Santa Martha,1250 m, 11 Nov 1980 (fl), F. Vázquez B. 6 (XAL!);Ejido Santa Martha,1250 m, 11 Nov 1980 (fr), F. Vazquez-B.12 (F!)., Published as part of Clavijo, Laura, Ramírez-Roa, Angélica & Clark, John L., 2021, DRYMONIA MEXICANA (GESNERIACEAE), A NEW ENDEMIC SPECIES FROM VERACRUZ (MEXICO) Laura Clavijo, pp. 59-65 in J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 15 (1) on pages 60-63, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v15.i1.1050, http://zenodo.org/record/5595327, {"references":["ELLIS, E. A., M. MARTINEZ- BELLO, & R. MONROY- IBARRA. 2011. Focos rojos para la conservacion de la biodiversidad. In: Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO) (ed.) La Biodiversidad en Veracruz: Estudio de Estado. Vol. I, pp. 351 - 367. Mexico City, Mexico: Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Gobierno del Estado de Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de Ecologia, A. C.","VILLASENOR, J. L., E. ORTIZ, & A. CAMPOS- VILLANUEVA. 2018. High richness of vascular plants in the Tropical Los Tuxtlas Region, Mexico. Trop. Conservation Sci. 11: 1 - 12.","IUCN. 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Second edition. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)."]}

Clavijo, Laura, Ramírez-Roa, Angélica, Clark, John L. (2021): DRYMONIA MEXICANA (GESNERIACEAE), A NEW ENDEMIC SPECIES FROM VERACRUZ (MEXICO) Laura Clavijo. J.Bot.Res.Inst.Texas 15 (1): 59-65, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v15.i1.1050

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DRYMONIA IN MEXICO All species in this key reflect an ongoing monograph of Drymonia and are documented by recently annotated specimens from the Universidad Nacional AutÓnoma de México (MEXU) and other herbaria. The presence of D. macrophylla in Mexico is based on a single collection from Chiapas. Several specimens are present in Guatemala along the border with Mexico and it is likely that documented populations of D. macrophylla along the Guatemalan border extend into Mexico. 1. Plants subwoody;blades exceeding 20 cm long and 10 cm wide;inflorescence of several (> 3) flowers congested in the upper leaf axils, peduncle 5–9 mm long, bracts> 2.5 cm long; calyx lobes with obtuse apex; fruits with a red cone of seeds_________________________________________________________________ Drymonia macrantha (Donn.Sm.) D.N.Gibson 1. Plants mostly herbaceous,rarely subwoody;blades rarely exceeding20 cm long and10 cm wide,if so,calyx lobes serrate, dentate or fimbriate; inflorescence reduced to 1–3 flowers per axil, peduncle absent, bracts absent or 2. Leaves entire,rarely exceeding 3 cm wide,glabrous above,(3–)4 pairs of primary lateral veins;calyx uniformly cream to pale green;corolla throat and limb purple _____________________________________ Drymonia mexicana Clavijo & J.L.Clark 2. Leaves subentire, crenate,denticulate, serrulate or serrate, usually exceeding 3 cm wide, puberulous to strigose or scabrous above,4–9 pairs of primary lateral veins;calyx green to green suffused with reddish,orange,or completely pink or dark red;corolla throat and limb white to bright yellow or pink,often with orange,dark red,purple or maroon areas. 3. Leaves light green below,base attenuate or decurrent;pedicel with apex engrossed,5-winged,up to 34 mm long; calyx pink to blood red,lobes equal;corolla uniformly bright yellow,throat laterally compressed _________ Drymonia strigosa (Oerst.) Wiehler 3. Leaves light green to purplish-red below,base rounded to cuneate,sometimes oblique; pedicel terete, rarely ex- ceeding 25 mm long;calyx green suffused with red or maroon,sometimes all maroon,lobes subequal;corolla white to pink,often with orange,dark red, purple or maroon areas in throat and limb,throat ampliated. 4. Younger parts of the branches and petioles pilose; blades subentire, 4–5 pairs of primary lateral veins; calyx lobes with attenuate apex; corolla 30–40 mm long, white to yellow, limb sometimes suffused with pink ____________________________________________________________ Drymonia oinochrophylla (Donn.Sm.) D.N.Gibson 4. Younger parts of the branches and petioles puberulous to strigose; blades crenate to serrate or dentate, 6–9 pairs of primary lateral veins; calyx lobes with acute or acuminate apex, sometimes mucronate; corolla 30–70 mm long,white to pink,limb often with orange,dark red,purple or maroon veins or spots. 5. Leaves ovate, oblong, or oblanceolate, sometimes falcate; calyx ovate, serrate, dentate or fimbriate, apex acuminate, sometimes mucronate, 10–15(–28) × 6.6–7.5 mm; corolla pale yellow or cream, usually more yellow inside and with a red or orange areas on the lower surface in the throat, tube with a short spur; style puberulent,stigma stomatomorphic ______________________________ Drymonia macrophylla (Donn.Sm.) D.N.Gibson 5. Leaves elliptic or oblong to obovate,never falcate;calyx lanceolate to oblong,entire to serrulate,apex acute or acuminate,20–50 × 5–30 mm;corolla white,cream or pink,often with dark red,purple or maroon veins or spots in the throat and lobes, tube with a globose spur,then contracted above the spur,ventricose dorsally above;style glandular pubescent,stigma bilobed________________________________ Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

The aim of this investigation is to analyze texts by women composers of popular songs, in particular those by Maria Grever, Consuelo Velazquez and Emma Elena Valdelamar, written between 1930 and 1950 in Mexico. In the first chapter we discuss the way these women conceive love as a gender subject. We first define the concept of gender as well as some aspects of the language they use in relation to gender. Then we focus on the role of the women composers in Western tradition music, particularly Mexican women composers of popular songs. In the second chapter, we analyze the concept of popular song, discussing its origins and influences. We attempt a classification by theme. This allows us to establish the cultural historic framework delimited as the urban song of love. In the third chapter, we discuss the concepts of metaphor, metonymy and synecdoque (following Lakoff and Johnson understanding of this concept), to arrive at a definition of a general metaphor, i.e the way the three women composers understand the concept of love. To achieve this goal we allude to the body conception, the concrete action of love-making, the kiss, the opposition between love and reason, jealousy and destiny. To conclude, we explore the differences in language used by women composers and men composers of this period.