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FANET is the class of ad hoc networks in which the nodes are named as unmanned aerial vehicles or UAVs or drones. These aerial vehicles communicate with each other using equipped devices. Securing the information from attacks during communication with each other in FANET still needs to be explored in depth because intruders are now the movable nodes present in network and to identify and separate them from legitimate nodes is quite the difficult task. These ad hoc networks must be secured from attacks and threats of bad or malicious nodes, to provide accurate services and information within time. Malicious nodes can break integrity, availability and confidentiality by stealing and modifying information or dropping packets of network. In this article, we discussed about security issues and types of attacks in such ad hoc networks. We are then proposing dual detection procedure to identify the presence and spotting of malicious nodes in FANET. This procedure includes both packet drop and message content-based approach to find the false node in the network. For both the detection procedures, an applied trust model dynamically computes the value of trust for every node involved in communication to evaluate the trusted and non-trusted list. Performance of methodology is found efficient during scalability and dynamicity of network, and result of the same is highlighted in this article with implementation of proposed algorithm.

Efficient Data dissemination in VANET is still the challenge because of variable speed of vehicles, road conditions, frequent fragmentation etc. In this article a selective forwarding data dissemination scheme using exit time differences in vehicles for highway lanes scenario is proposed that focuses on the solution of broadcast storm, less coverage, transmission delay and reliable data delivery. Our approach is selecting multiple forwarding nodes to increase coverage in less delay. In this article road lanes concept is used to identify the moving node direction. Redundant regions and zones technique in proposed approach is reducing the processing of parameters at significant extents. Simulation of proposed approach is done using NS2 and SUMO. Output of implementation is compared with unidirectional flooding, KB_Selective, and LT_Selective techniques. Result analysis shown that the proposed technique is much efficient and it increases the rate of coverage up to 23%. Also it reduces the delay up to 18% in data delivery ratio. This methodology also improves the performance of system by increasing the throughput and reducing the collision rate in comparison with other methods.

In this article, the authors have discussed about the connection between Internet of Things and growth of big data. They have also discussed short reference on the evolution, features, lifecycle, and implementation of Big Data from IoT over the cloud. Internet of Things represents a platform or environment that consists of enormous number of sensors and mediators interconnecting heterogeneous physical devices over the internet. IoT applications are available in many real-world areas such as smart city, smart workplace, smart home, smart transportation and various other ubiquitous computing areas. Using IoT applications generates tremendous amount of data for storage and management in the internet. With the time and research evolution integration of the IoT platforms and cloud comes in the market and IoT platforms data storage and management started shifting to the cloud from the internet connected physical systems for many real-world application areas. Meanwhile when this data becomes huge termed as Big Data. Handling of Big Data over the cloud develops many new areas of research and attention.

Processing of an Image is done by computing algorithms and efficient program by applying various concepts on digital images. In digital image processing each pixel value of an image is related to some signal value. During processing of an Image there are some changes in actual value of signal due to devices, weather conditions, etc. These changes led to the noise in image which is somewhat signal distortion. There are numbers of algorithms available for identification and correction of signal distortion i.e change in pixel values or intensities. Each processing algorithms has its limitations. Wavelet transforms is one of good and efficient tool for denoising a noisy image. Removing of noises from images needs the proper way so there is reduction the strength of processing system in terms of time, money, system resources. By effective analysis of de-noising techniques and comparison using various filters an Image processing system is more efficient.

In today's time of fast-growing technology, the need for large computing is provided by cloud infrastructure. Therefore, how to reduce energy consumption in the data centers is a maj or current research area. Our research area is Dynamic VM consolidation where monitoring of server load and optimizing the use of datacenters is done by intelligent decision. In our work, we proposed Maximum Correlation with Migration Control (MC_MC) approach for Virtual Machine selection to achieve the less number of VM migration for achieving best VM consolidation. The proposed (MC_MC) Maximum Correlation with minimum VM selection by modified Knapsack approach handles the heavily loaded servers by migration of the most pertinent VM to the appropriate destination server. The implementation of our approach is simulated in CloudSim. Our results depict that both energy consumption and thenumber of VM migration is decreased as well as performancesof cloud datacenters is improved.

Cloud computing is growing by providing features like rapid elasticity, measured services, on demand self-service, broad network access and pay-as-you-go concepts. Cloud providers are building large data centers to achieve the regularly growing demand of cloud users. Virtualization technology is the core concept behind cloud computing which provides computing services in the form of virtual machines. A large number of cloud services are requested by a large number of cloud users dynamically in the cloud computing. So, an efficient policy must be used for providing all resources to requesting users to fulfill their needs. Therefore, one of the central challenges in cloud computing is optimal resource allocation. Cloud providers use various virtual machine placement (VMP) policies to allocate the virtual machine to the available minimum number of physical servers. In this paper, Best Fit Multi valued Bin Packing approach is proposed for optimum resources allocation in which different virtual machines are allocated to minimum number of hosts by considering three parameters: RAM, CPU processing (MIPS) and network bandwidth. This approach also uses these parameters of the available physical servers to maximize the resource utilization for reducing energy consumption. The simulations of cloud environment for this approach are achieved by using CloudSim simulator. Our results show that maximum utilization of resources is achieved by choosing least number of hosts.

IEEE 802.15.4 standard is proficient to execute with low-power for short distance in low-rate wireless personal area networks. For reducing the consumption of power in IEEE 802.15.4, slotted CSMA/CA protocol is used. However, the performance of LR-WPAN still degrades due to the hidden node problem (HNP). This paper proposed a simple and efficient grouping strategy to mitigate the HNP. The main concept is to gather the hidden information for every node, and then assign the nodes in the group on the basis of collected information. This scheme splits the superframe of IEEE 802.15.4 into numerous subperiod without overlapping each other. Simulation results shows that the given scheme not only mitigate the collision but also improves the transmission capabilities.

Clickjacking is a highly deceiving technique to make users click on some UI element either surreptitiously or by enticing them with offers. Clickjacking is disguised and it cannot be easily detected because it makes use of some statutory features in a web application like iframes. This paper aims at Clickjacking prevention by incorporating Content Security Policy directives at development stage of a web application to white list loaded resources and applying these headers to each web page by making use of Aspect Oriented Programming features in J2EE which offers some utilitarian features to enhance the security functionalities in a web application. By combining Content Security Policy with Aspect Oriented Programming we have tried to demonstrate a proactive approach for averting Clickjacking with minimum programming effort. First, we have discussed how an aspect can be included in a web application without modifying source codes. Then, the experimental results demonstrate minimum to maximum levels of protection that can be achieved using Content Security Policy.

There is an increased awareness of the roles that enterprise architecture (EA) and enterprise systems (ES) play in today's organizations. EA and ES usage maturity models are used to assess how well companies are capable of deploying these two concepts while striving to achieve strategic corporate goals. The existence of various architecture and ES usage models raises questions about how they both refer to each other, e.g. if a higher level of architecture maturity implies a higher ES usage level. This paper compares these two types of models by using literature survey results and case-study experiences. We conclude that (i) EA and ES usage maturity models agree on a number of critical success factors and (ii) in a company with a mature architecture function, one is likely to observe, at the early stages of ES initiatives, certain practices associated with a higher level of ES usage maturity.

Cloud services is one of the most rapidly growing services over internet, which at the same time also faces serious security challenges. Recently, several cloud-storage service providers started to provide encryption protection to client data in the cloud. However, encryption imposes significant limits on data us .In this paper, we report security related risks and their monitoring in cloud computing. Cloud services data can be accessed only by authorized users. The security of data will be in control of the data owner. This paper shows the security challenges and monitoring and management of these security risks involved in cloud computing services. And a methodology is proposed for performing security risk assessment for cloud computing architectures presenting some of the initial results.

discussion in the paper is regarding to the recognition of handwritten Devanagari vowels by means of a classifier named as K-NN (K- Nearest Neighbour). Before applying classifier, feature extortion is accomplished for extracting the feature points (FP) i.e. also known as division points (DP). In this paper the feature extortion is perform through recursive sub division technique, which is first time implemented on Devanagari vowels. K-NN classifier is functioned for the learning and the testing phases, through which the recognition go ahead to the high performances in terms of recognition rate, pre-processing and classification speed. Authors tested the described approach using the ISI (Indian Statistical Institute), Kolkata"s handwritten Devanagari vowels database containing 9191 samples, which is divided into 1:3 as testing and training samples respectively. In the recognition process using K-NN classifier 88 vowels are total wrongly identified out of 2281vowels. The recognition rate comes out to be 96.14%.

The objective of image restoration is to reconstruct the primitive scene from a degraded contemplation. This retrieval process is sequential and pivotal to numerous image processing applications. Although classical image restoration has been thoroughly studied [1, 2, 3] but no one conceived it from parallel computing procedure. Blind image revival is deliverance of estimating the primitive image from the degraded image using partial information about the imaging system. In classical linear image restoration, the blurring function is given, and the degradation course is overturned using one of the many known restoration algorithms. Regrettably, in many pragmatic circumstances, the blur is often unspecified, and minor information is accessible about the primitive image. Therefore, the primitive image must be identified directly by using partial or no information about the blurring process and the true image. We pose a novel algorithm for blind image deblurring from a single image using Bayesian and parallel computation. The blur point spread function (PSF) is assumed uniform. We divide the image and exert the algorithm on each part parallelly.

HCI is undoubtedly an interdisciplinary subject and the most prominent area of research. Many researchers are focusing in this field[1]. With time, the awareness and usability of HCI technologies among people has enormously increased and people are taking interest in exploring new domains in this area. We performed a survey on about 600 people including students, researchers, layman, professionals, etc. and analyzed their consciousness of current HCI technologies along with the future expectations. A graphical analysis of results has been outlined. Results highlight that people are involving themselves in the deployment of prevalent HCI technologies and look forward for a highly positive effect in near future with the emerging HCI technologies. Through this process we may circumvent the myth about user interface for impact of user interfaces to our societies. The gradual improvements in work culture and acceptance level of HCI have been highlighted besides potential health hazards.

With the growth of information technology, World Wide Web is experiencing a rapid increase in online social networks' users. A serious threat to the integrity of these users' data which has come into picture these days is Clickjacking. Many server side and client side defense mechanisms are available for clickjacking but many attackers are still exploiting popular online social networks like facebook and twitter so that a user clicks on a spam link and it leads to unwanted posts flooding on his facebook wall, from which arises the need of a powerful methodology at tester, host and user levels to assuage clickjacking. This paper aims at discussing various tools, techniques and methods available to detect, prevent or reduce clickjacking attacks along with the extent of usefulness and shortcoming of each approach. Later, we have summarized the results and provided an analysis of what needs to be done in the field of web security to encounter and remove clickjacking from the host as well as the developer side. Lastly, we have tested and suggested on how clickjacking defenses can be improved at server side and during development.

Conventional interface has made more effective impression in the processes and applications of interfacing technology. It is difficult for people and designers to clarify the term affecting current computing era. The touchable devices used for zooming, scrolling and other functions which have perform on touch screen may rise the symptoms of physical disability for next generation of people. The genes become affected through the maximum application of such devices. We evaluate the three age stages (i.e. child, youth and elderly) of living style of people, using the touchable devices in their daily routine and find out that what the impact have done through prolonged use of these devices. Touch screen may give rise to various physical disabilities for next generation of people. In this paper the hypothesis is measured and we show the raised problem in graphical form and suggested few of the methods to control aforesaid problem.

Vulnerability is a weakness, shortcoming or flaw in the system or network infrastructure which can be used by an attacker to harm the system, disrupt its normal operation and use it for his financial, competitive or other motives or just for cyber escapades. In this paper, we re-examined the various types of attacks on industrial control systems as well as on social networking users. We have listed which all vulnerabilities were exploited for executing these attacks and their effects on these systems and social networks. The focus will be mainly on the vulnerabilities that are used in OSNs as the convertors which convert the social network into antisocial network and these networks can be further used for the network attacks on the users associated with the victim user whereby creating a consecutive chain of attacks on increasing number of social networking users. Another type of attack, Stuxnet Attack which was originally designed to attack Iran's nuclear facilities is also discussed here which harms the system it controls by changing the code in that target system. The Stuxnet worm is a very treacherous and hazardous means of attack and is the first of its kind as it allows the attacker to manipulate real time equipment., 10 pages, 6 figures, SCNDS 2014 GECA AJMER

The development process of a project requires verifications that may be handled through expert team. It means that a project cannot be completed in absence of the analysis phase. The analysis and measurement have the strongest reason to prove the accuracy of outcome of the project. As ubiquitous computing is the most probable era for current research, most researchers are working in the contextual applications to measure the locations of sensor and their working environment. In this article we analyze the exact location of sensor and find out the optimal area categorization regarding their characteristics. The sequential analysis has been conducted on the cumulative selections of location data and we capture the reason behind the existing problem of their quality. The determination technique to measure the alternatives of Configured Items and Internal Components for better applications of UC Systems have been proposed. We cancel the myth of approximation searching followed by location measurement. We also propose the location measurement algorithm (RAK) and flowchart to compute the sensor data. Finally we conclude our proposal and point out the future perspective in that.

The work is evaluated through the process of measurement. But it is not necessary that the common measurement principles fulfil all the requirements of observation. To complete this task we elaborate scientific method of HCI evaluation, to catch out the accurate observation of results and compute their fundamentals. Scientific method covers the analytical part, quantitative applications and qualitative results using different computing paradigms. In this paper we highlight the computational paradigm and different scientific methods of HCI evaluation. We focus the simplest terms to observe the evaluation process of HCI in a scientific way.

Image processing concepts are widely used in medical fields. Digital images are prone to a variety of types of noise. Noise is the result of errors in the image acquisition process for reconstruction that result in pixel values that reflect the true intensities of the real scenes. A lot of researchers are working on the field analysis and processing of multi-dimensional images. Work previously hasn’t sufficient to stop them, so they continue performance work is due by the researcher. In this paper we contribute a novel research work for analysis and performance improvement about to image resolution. We proposed Concede Reconstruction Algorithm (CRA) Involved Recycling Process to reduce the remained problem in improvement part of an image processing. The CRA algorithms have better response from researcher to use them.

This paper introduced a method for producing massive and immediate result in multi-join query (DAP Join, for short). Mostly previous research are based on single join operator while DAP join is based on multiple join operators. DAP join distinguishes itself from all previous techniques by concluding benefits of Hash Merge join, Rate Based Progressive Join and State Spilling and its own new approach. DAP join employs a new flushing technique to move N amount of data from memory to disk when memory allotment is exhausted and move N/2 amount of data when data arrival rate is slow in online environment. DAP join moves data to disk which is least useful and use Symmetric Hash Join in in-memory join makes it efficient in order to maximize overall throughput and produce early result.

A very large number of localization algorithms have been used till under various domains. But the subject of our research paper deals with the domain of VPR i.e. vehicle plate recognition system. The accuracy of the license plate recognition system depends on the performance of the localization algorithm. It is a computationally intensive process which takes a lot of time to localize the license plate. In our research paper we will discuss different types of localization algorithms and which of them should be used for a particular application. Different countries have their own types of license plates for instance some use single line horizontal license plates while others use multi line non horizontal and differently located number plates. Some of the widely used localizations algorithms which are used in the neural network recognizer are global threshold scheme, NiBlack's threshold.

This paper presents a new technique for transmitting secret information securely from one party to another by embedding this information into a video after encryption through salt cryptography. We have tried to utilize the advantages of salt cryptography which has been ignored by data hiding community. In this encryption method some random data is added to the secret keys and passwords. We will define this random data as a salt which is needed to access the encrypted data, along with the password. Alone these passwords have no use since they will be able to locate the hidden data only when mixed with proper salt. This salt is managed by a certified third party. Different salt is created for different pairs of communicating parties. The purpose of salt is to add arbitrary random data to the string being hashed, such that you increase the length of input to hash. We have also introduced the concept of Enterprise Dependent Value (EDD), which are the embedding values corresponding to the binary digits and are specific to the communicating enterprises. The effectiveness of the techniques has been shown through experimental results. The performance of the proposed technique has been compared with the other techniques of watermarking, steganography and encryption.

As information technology (I.T.) is progressing rapidly day by day a massive amount of data is emerging at a fast rate in different sectors. Data dredging provides techniques to have relevant data from a large amount of data for the task. This paper introduces an algorithm for fuzzy data dredging through which fuzzy association rules can be generated for time series data. Time series data can be stock market data, climatic observed data or any sequence data which has some trend or pattern in it. In the past many approaches based on mathematical models were suggested for dredging association rules but they were quite complex for the users. This paper emphasis on the reduction of large number of irrelevant association rules obtained providing a better platform of future prediction using fuzzy membership functions and fuzzy rules for time series data. Secondly, this paper also measures the data dispersion in time series data mainly in stock market data and shows the deviation of the stock prices from the mean of several stock price data points taken over a period of time which help the investors to decide whether to buy or sell their products. Risk investment can be predicted understanding the obtained curve in the experiment. Experiments are also carried out to show the results of the proposed algorithm.