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During 1921, after the break-up of Austria-Hungary, Charles Habsburg attempted twice to return to the Hungarian throne. His attempts were unsuccessful in both cases. These restaurant attempts have resulted in the outbreak of the crisis in the newly established international post-war European system. The response of the individual states, in particular the reaction of the Little Entente headed by Edvard Benes, contributed to the escalation of the event to the brink of the war. The thesis aims to clarify the factors that led Emperor Charles to return to the throne. The thesis also deals with the Czechoslovak response to Hungarian events, its intensity, arguments and speeches with the help of analysis of Czechoslovak diplomatic reports and periodicals. The work clarifies that several factors contributed to decision of Charles to return to the throne. These include, for example, the Emperor's morale and belief in humanism, arising from the times of the education of a young Emperor, or, for example, the overwhelming trust in his subjugation. Furthermore, the Emperor's conviction about the support of the whole event both in Hungary and abroad. The second research question reveals the ways in which the Czechoslovak press and the Czechoslovak political representation reacted to the Hungarian events. The...

This bachelor thesis deals with the causes of Prussian victory in the Austro-Prussian war of 1866. It also builds on the proposition articulated by the British historian Paul Kennedy and others, that material predominance is the most important factor deciding the result of a conflict. However, it is not in an agreement. First of all, this work analyses whether any material imbalance even existed between Prussia, Austria and their respective allies Italy and the majority of the German confederation, by looking at the three most important aspects of it. Firstly, we deal with economic power examined in both absolute numbers and per capita. The primary indicator is gross domestic product but we also look at levels of industrialisation in all the countries involved. Second area of examination is military technology. Namely the quality of infantry, cavalry, artillery and railways. Third is the size of population and armies of the countries involved and their quality. Second part of this work analyses nonmaterial aspects of a state's power. First subject it covers is diplomacy. Second are intangible elements of military power. Specifically, these include strategy, tactics, organization, planning and leadership. Last chapter provides a synthesis of information covered in the preceding two chapters and proves the...

This bachelor thesis examines the development of Vienna and Budapest between 1850 and 1914. The author created a definition of the modern industrial metropolis and the structure of the thesis follows the development of the both cities toward this ideal. First theoretical chapter shows the complex problems of researching the phenomenon of cities and introduces the definition of modern industrial metropolis. This concept serves as the complex approach, how to follow the most important changes in the structure of the cities. Next chapters target the specific aspects of changes in a social structure, an infrastructure, an economy and cultural functions of Vienna and Budapest. The conclusion examines the success of Budapest and Vienna in reaching the characteristic chapters of the modern industrial metropolis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This Bachelor work, dealing with a topic of Culture of Memory: The Destiny of Lidice Memorial, discusses primarily history of the Memorial built in the area of Lidice tragedy and declining visit rate as well as public interest in this sacred place after 1989. That is divided into four explanation captures. The introduction pays attention to general characterization and history of memorials and monuments, focused on their function and utilization. The second part commemorates history, the act of Lidice destruction in June 1942 itself, including other fates of Lidice inhabitants and also international acclaim caused by that unprecedented Nazi crime. That handles with 10th June 1942 in Lidice, shooting of men, abducting of women and children to Kladno Grammar School and following transport to concentration camps. This chapter further it describes the destiny of Lidice with its survivors after the Second World War. The international reaction immediately after the burning down, gained from those local media sources, belongs to this second part too. The third part devotes to proper history and story of the Memorial. All this commemorates that the Memorial is a component of extensive commemorative area, which completes the sacred zone of former Lidice with the Rose Garden and the Monument of Children. The...

The main aim of this thesis is to explore the birth, the use and the disappearance of national stereotypes on the example of Czechs in the 19th century, focusing on the formation of Czech national autostereotypes. To this end, it utilizes a combination of classical study of literature dealing with said subject and with use of caricature. In the first chapter of the thesis basic terms such as the nation, the stereotype and the national stereotype are defined with the help of sociological knowledge mainly. Then the relation between autostereotypes and heterostereotypes is described. The first chapter thereby constitutes a theoretical framework for the whole thesis. The second chapter deals with Czech national stereotypes in the 19th century and is further divided in two parts. In the first part the history of Czech national movement is briefly introduced. Then the national stereotypes based on historical myths are examined, the main subjects being the relationship to the Catholic Church and Protestantism (especially the Hussites), the rejection of aristocracy, the sacralisation of plebeianism and the heterostereotypes about Germans, Slavs and the Habsburg monarchy. The second part focuses on the use of national stereotypes in the tense 1890s from the point of view of the Young Czech Party, the...

Industrial buildings and businesses are inherently to face the Central Bohemian city of Kladno. Through field research is captured in the work of the Kladno current state of industrial monuments and mapped their history. I used only specific cases that are written between technical monuments and they are interesting both from a historical and urban or technical perspective. Thanks capture the historical and contemporary situation arose holistic view of technical monuments in the area and at the same time there was a familiarity with the approach and in terms of the industrial heritage. The work is divided into three main parts. The first is devoted to an introduction to the issues and explain the basic concepts. The second part focuses on the history of metallurgy and mining in the Kladno and also explores the main sights, except where their history is mentioned as the current status. The third section shows the current utilization of monuments, looking for inspiration in the Czech Republic and abroad, how to dispose of unused objects and finally introduces activities that help attract the public's interest in technical monuments and sights mainly to help themselves. The conclusion summarizes the main ideas and conclusions of the work. The main goal was to bring one of the cities with industrial...

The bachelor thesis "Constructs of the Emperor Wilhelm II. after the year 1990" deals with different theoretical ways of interpretation of the emperor's person, published after the year 1990. The main source for this thesis is the classification, made by Wolfgang J. Mommsen in 1990 in one scientist article. Mommsen defined three different categories, in which the literature can be subsume in. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to verify the validity of the Mommsen's classification for books of different authors, written after the year 1989. The thesis is a historiographical analysis of chosen boooks from chosen authors. The thesis concludes that Mommsen's classification could be applied to chosen literature, but not unreservedly. The thesis modifies the original classification a defines two new categories, which can be used by evaluation of the books about Wilhelm II.

The main topic of this thesis is the person of the last German Emperor Wilhelm II, who was considered very controversial even during his lifetime and opinions on him varied greatly. A particular point of interest of many experts was and is especially the question of Wilhelm's II share of the blame for starting the First World War. This thesis is a historiographical analysis pursuing interpretations of Kaiser Wilhelm II in relation to the events before 1914 in selected titles by leading authors concerned with this issue. The aim of this thesis is evaluating the development of the discussion on Kaiser Wilhelm II after 1945, when a vigorous debate on the topic of Wilhelm II and his guilt on World War I gradually sparked in expert circles. The output of the thesis is a summary of main interpretation streams of the selected authors as well as the monitoring of changes in the opinions on the last German Emperor after 1945 and determining the distinctiveness of this changes. While the question of the guilt on World War I was very damped shortly after 1945, it was reopened over time and an ever more active discussion took place, though being slightly damped again in recent times.

This work is showing that the Adventures of Tintin are not only an entertaining series, but that it also contains an important amount of political and social issues, which, given to its popularity, could have influenced the development of its young readers' political thoughts. This thesis is supported by showing the presence of a wide range of connections between the content of different episodes and their historical context. The point is also made on the changes brought by new editions, as they are most often connected precisely to these political topics. Finally, it shows that it is still a lively issue, despite the fact that the last episode was published more than thirty five years ago.

The restoration attempts of Charles Habsburg in Hungary presented one of the last efforts to restore the "former order" in Central Europe after the First World War. In the time of relative pacification the restoration attempts caused crisis among Hungary, successor states and the Entente and brought the middle Europe on the brink of an armed conflict. The bachelor work The Return of the King? is a case study with elements of comparison, the goal of which is to analyse the attitude of foreign policy towards the question of the Habsburg restoration in Hungary and to describe reaction of the Little Entente and the Allies: the United Kingdom, France and Italy. The changes of the system of government in Hungary made the ex-king hope that his attempts could succeed. Charles simultaneously hoped in a support of the Entente. However the restoration attempts were sharply opposed by the states of the Little Entente, which believed the return of the Habsburg dynasty on the throne of Hungary would be a threat to their own sovereignty. In case of a successful restoration the Little Entente threatened with a military intervention. The danger of the restoration attempts catalysed cooperation of the Little Entente and helped the completion of the alliance. The Allies had to intervene in order to maintain peace in central...

The thesis "Corruption of Democratic System of ‚2nd Republic' and Radicalization of Political Conditions Presented on Case of National Unity Party and National Labour Party" deals mainly with deformation of the parliamentary system, with growth of anti-Semitism, and generally even with an aimed destruction of democracy which had accompanied development of Czech political parties in so called Czech-Slovakia of that period. The introduction chapters are focusing to outline the political situation in the period having been succeeded The Munich Agreement. The following parts are focused on the changes that afflicted not only the interior structure of above mentioned political parties but led also to a decline or even to an entire denial of former ideas, inherent to the previous period of ‚1st Republic', of which these parties had been integral elements.Based on interpretation of both the contemporary and present day publications and periodicals, this thesis aims to be one of tributes revealing the period of ‚2nd Republic',which has not been frequently treated by Czech historiography. This thesis makes an effort to reply questions of these sorts, e.g.: Has that period influenced the historical memory of Czech people? Was that régime a product of a pressure of totalitarian great power, with regard to the...

The Spanish Civil War was an extraordinary event that draught unprecedent attention of intellectuals all around the world. The wast majority of them took side of the Republicans. It was also the case of two writers whose works were marked by the greatest response and to some extent ifnluenced the reception of the conflict by our society. Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell came to Spain with different expectations, they each played in spanish drama distinct role and reflected their experience diversly, however they shared the belief that the Republic is a cause worth to be fighting for. The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the political message of two most important literal accounts that have been written on background of the Spanish Civil War, to describe the circumstances of their origins and publication and to account how the public in Spain, their home countries and also in Czechoslovakia react to them. Hemingway's novel For Whom the Bell Tolls and Orwell's Homage to Catalonia proof to be a testimony how strong is the bond between history and literature. The popular Spanish images depicted by writers such as Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell have not disappeared, only was overshadowed by Franco's dictatorship.

Bachelor thesis (in form of a case study) Ringstrasse as a showcaseof monarchy. Politico-social aspects of remodelling of Vinna at the turn of the century throws light on the reasons and effects of liberál period in Austria-Hungary and its reflecting in the face of the city. Most attention is given to the street itselves, its genesis and its meaning. Rightly the buildings, parks and memorials in singles have huge symbolical meanings. They inpersonate ideas of the period.

The Second World War is a watershed in modern history from which no state was immune. Ireland, or, if so wished the twenty-six counties with its British dominion status, pursued a policy of neutrality throughout the conflict. It is this policy of neutrality, and its Irish interpretation, that we have chosen as the object of our analysis. During the war years and after, various myths concerning the Irish policy of neutrality came into being, One such myth, for instance, is that Ireland was pro-German; another that Ireland deliberately and actively helped Great Britain. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to uncover what Irish neutrality meant in reality. For this reason, the prevailing conditions, both external and internal are examined, inasmuch as such conditions not only influenced the form Irish neutrality took but even predetermined its existence. At the same time, the role of the individual in the whole process, in our case pre-eminently that of Eamon de Valéra, is not overlooked. Key words: Ireland, Great Britain, Germany, the United States, neutrality, national interest, individual

Diploma thesis "Czech Euroscepticism in Historical Perspective" deals with different representations, roots, specificities and common features of publicly acting opponents of contemporary European integration in the Czech Republic. Especially, it focuses on historicist argumentation of Czech eurosceptics who work usually with older historical stereotypes and myths, which were already largely diffused in the 19th century. After a definition of the term euroscepticism, and an explanation of its specificities in Central Europe, the thesis deals successively with an analysis of eurosceptical exposures in Czech public space, more precisely from the pre-accession period until the adoption of the Lisbon treaty in November 2009. Chapters are divided chronologically in relation with important events in the EU - Czech Republic relations, while the context of each phenomenon is shortly described. Every attempts of a historicist argumentation are remitted to a critical analysis and compared with older theses mainly concerned in modern Czech nationalist discourse. At the close the authors offers an evaluation of this political instrument, often used not only in the opposition to the European integration process, but also for gaining votes on the basis of self-profiling thanks to a new theme in Czech society.

Financial Analysis of the Lázně Aurora

Diploma thesis "European Neighbourhood Policy in the context of Eastern Dimension and EU-Russia Relations" deals with one of the present priorities of the EU's external relations - policy towards the neighbour countries of the European Union. The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) was developed in the context of the adhesion of the Central and Eastern European countries to the EU with the objective of avoiding the emergence of new dividing lines between the enlarged EU and its neighbours and instead strengthening the stability, prosperity and security in the countries concerned. Thesis focuses on the eastern neighbours of the enlarged Union in the framework of the neighbourhood policy - Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova and the South Caucasus' countries Georgia, Armenia and Azerbajdzan. The first part provides more general outlook on the European Neighbourhood Policy, its objectives, principles and instruments. The second part focuses on the eastern neighbours, their relations with the EU and membership aspirations. This part deals with the role of Poland in highlighting the eastern dimension in the EU's external relations and with the latest European Commission's initiative to strengthen the ENP. The last part examines the possible reasons of the Russian's rejection to join the ENP and it focuses on the problems...

This paper examines the growing awareness of an European identity. Chapter 1 consists of an overview of how the term 'identity' can be perceived. Then two social psychology theories on identity are examined: the theory of identity and the theory of social identity. A unique perception of identity of the former President of the Czech Republic Václav Havel is shortly looked at. Chapter 2, looks at the term 'Europe' and at some differing perceptions of 'Europe' in history. In Chapter 3, the term 'European identity' is examined. In Chapter 4, the main thesis of the paper, saying that the awareness of an European identity is for a number of years growing among the citizens of the Member States is argued. In Chapter 5, the other thesis of this paper is argued. The thesis is that the majority of citizens of the Member States perceive themselves as having both a national identity and an European identity and do not view these two identities to be incompatible. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)