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The main aim of this study is to analyse the electrically conductive flow of compressible liquids by two infinitely permeable surfaces. The distance between the two surfaces is hh. Thermal relation consists of viscous dissipation. The entropy features along with magnetic force and dissipation are taken into account. The x-axis extends in the flow path along the bottom stationary plate, whereas the y-axis is orthogonal to the surfaces. The channel plates are subjected to a consistent transverse magnetic field that is implemented perpendicularly. Herein, two scenarios are investigated: the first is the Couette flow, and in the second scenario, both porous surfaces are parallel and fixed at a distance of 2h, and the motion is a Poiseuille flow controlled by pressure. The flow across the xx-axis is supposed to be generated and dependent on yy exclusively. The governed system is solved using analytical solutions. It is found that the entropy formation is higher near the cloud porous plate in comparison to the hot porous plate and the increasing values of the suction/injection parameter increase the fluid temperature. The increase in the magnetic field parameter decreases the momentum boundary layer thickness. The Brinkman number improves the thermal boundary thickness. The magnetic field parameter, suction/injection, and the Brinkman number accelerate the entropy formation in both cases.

The wire coating method is an engineering development to cover a wire for wadding, motorized forte and ecological protection. In wire coating analysis, moreover, the polymer extruded on the wire is hauled into interior of a die occupied with melted polymer. By considering this significance, the magneto-hydrodynamic flow and heat transmission of Oldroyd-8 constant fluid with suspension of nanoparticles in the wire coating development had been investigated. The fluid with fixed viscosity is considered in porous medium. The flow is conducted with uniform magnetic field. The arising physical governing system is modelled mathematically. The mathematical model is executed by incorporation of thermal radiation and nanoparticles (Embedded in water + hematite nanoparticles). The wire coating is scrutinized mathematically with four cases ((Ω = 0. 5 , ∅ = 0) , Ω = 0. 5 , ∅ = 0. 0 5 , Ω = − 0. 5 , ∅ = 0 , Ω = − 0. 5 , ∅ = 0. 0 5) with constant viscosity and also included in the Reynolds model for constant viscosity. The subsequent flow and heat transmission system were elucidated via the Runge–Kutta technique and the possessions of appropriate governing factors are presented in graphically. The outcome of the current investigation was equated with the previous available outcomes as a specific situation. The results were executed with nanofluid and without nanofluid as well as with positive and negative pressure gradients (Ω = 0. 5 , ∅ = 0) , Ω = 0. 5 , ∅ = 0. 0 5 , Ω = − 0. 5 , ∅ = 0 , Ω = − 0. 5 , ∅ = 0. 0. It is seen that the temperature circulation is augmented due to the upsurge in magnetic parameter M. It is interesting to note that the positive pressure gradient with nanofluid has less momentum distribution compared to rest of the cases. It is also noted that the with negative pressure gradient, the distribution is more compared to positive pressure gradient case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of suction and buoyancy are used to analyze the Ternary hybrid nanofluid flow on a stretching sheet through a porous media. Ternary hybrid nanofluid is (Carbon nanotubes) CNT + Graphene + Al 2 O 3 with base fluid as Water. Case-1 Buoyancy Assisting flow and Case-2 Buoyancy Opposing flow. Hybrid nanofluids have been used to speed up the heat transfer process. Nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) have been converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using Lie group transformations. The ODE45, an algorithmic approach, has been using the aid of this built-in solver, and the resulting Ordinary differential equations were resolved. The general relationship between temperature, velocity, heat transfer rate, and shear stress on a stretchy surface is shown for a range of values of the significant factors. The temperature profiles have been rising with the impact of Da , f w . Using streamlines to examine the flow pattern of a fluid and a method of machine learning, in terms of modern language, an artificial neural network (ANN) made up of artificial neurons or nodes is known as a neural network. A neural network is a network or circuit of genetic neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers explored the free convective flow of a hybrid nanofluid in a vertical microchannel with a rectangular cross‐section. Notably, both channel walls were heated alternately, and a transverse magnetic field was applied across the channel. The channel walls had unique properties, one of which was nonslip and the other was exceedingly hydrophobic. The major purpose was to investigate the effects of magnetism and superhydrophobicity on important flow parameters. The differential equations in the investigation were solved, producing accurate results. The study yielded some significant discoveries. First, when heated, the magnetic parameter reduced skin friction on both sides. Second, in both heating conditions, the magnetic field reduced flow rate and velocity. The flow rates in the two reported situations were similar at a crucial temperature jump coefficient. Furthermore, for low‐temperature jump coefficients, heating the superhydrophobic side reduced the Nusselt number whereas heating the nonslip side had no magnetic effect. The percentage change in the value of Nusselt number and velocity decreases continuously with increase in nonlinear density variation with temperature (NDT) parameter and magnetic parameter. The percentage increases in the value of skin friction with increase in temperature jump and slip length but decrease in the percentage of skin friction for the effect of magnetic term and NDT parameter. As the NDT parameter increases, the velocity percentage rises to 50.59% when the superhydrophobic surface is heated and to 84.30% when the nonslip surface is heated. The temperature jump is statistically significant for the value of the Nusselt number and skin friction for the no‐slip surface condition. These discoveries have practical consequences for the design and management of both tiny and large‐scale systems, with possible applications in microfluidics, microelectronics, nanoscience, and nanotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of a ternary hybrid nanofluid, a recent development in the realm of nanofluids, can result in improved heat transfer. In the ongoing study, a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow is utilized, and it is carried out atop a porous spinning disc, which is exposed to a magnetic field, heat generation, thermal radiation, and Casson fluid. In this study, Blood/Water are taken as base fluids and (Ag–Au–Al2O3) are considered as a ternary hybrid nanoparticle. Nanoparticles made of gold and silver are put to use in a vast number of industries and fields, including nanotechnology and medicine. As a result of surface effects and quantum effects, these precious metals exhibit unique features in nanoform that play a vital role in with optical, magnetic, chemical, and mechanical behavior. Al2O3 unique optical, physical and biochemical qualities make it worthwhile for numerous uses, including nanophotonic, catalysis and the fabrication of high-energy composites. A set of relevant similarity transformations is used to generate non-dimensional forms of controlling paired nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). MATLAB is used to perform a numerical solution with ODE45. In addition, the velocity outline decreases, and the temperature profile increases slightly before decreasing over a revolving disk when the values of magnetic parameters are increased. The distribution and radiant heat components heat up as the level gets higher. Aim and objectives of the study: The aim of this study is to analyze the Comprehensive Scrutinization of Ternary hybrid and Casson flow in a conducting porous rotating disk with internal heating. The primary objective of this analysis is to increase awareness of the impending energy crisis among those working in the industrial and technological sectors. Ternary nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide range of applications, which lends credence to the developed model. For example, Al2O3 can be used in a variety of ways that benefit society, it is used in water purification to remove water from the gas streams and extend people's lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passive systems that need exceptional apparent geometries, thermal packaging, or fluid additives. In passive procedures, a number of foremost efforts have been conducted. The passive methods are divided into two groups: geometry modification (e.g. nano/microchannels) and solid additives (e.g. micro/nano solid particles). In a recent development in microfabrication – the development of fabrication of minuscule buildings of micrometer measures – a variation of microstrategies including heat transfer have been industrialized. Viewing this, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of a free convective Casson fluid over an elastic stretching surface are numerically studied. Thermal radiation and non-Fourier flux are incorporated in the energy to balance the transformation. Similarity transformations are used to translate partial differential equations relating to momentum, diffusion, and energy into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The shooting approach is used to achieve numerical solutions to these equations. The effect of various physical pertinent parameters including thermal radiation parameter, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, suction, curie parameter, thermal and diffusion buoyancy forces, thermal relaxation, stretching, or shrinking parameters on the concentration and temperature profiles is investigated. It is observed that the nonlinear case has highly mixed performance when compared to the linear case of temperature and concentration fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This attempt demonstrates the nature of mass and heat transportation in non-Newtonian Reiner–Philippoff liquid flow over moving surface by considering zero and nonzero normal mass flux conditions and transverse magnetic field. Thermophoresis and Brownian movement is accounted due to the Buongiorno model of nanofluid. The expressions of flow are reframed through appropriate variables into pairs of self-similar expressions. Further, these self-similar expressions are executed numerically through the Shooting procedure (Runge–Kutta 4th order). Numerical benchmarks and graphical illustrations are prepared to visualize the role of influential constraints on interesting quantities. It is observed that Lorentz force is beneficial in obtaining effective velocity and heat transfer. Improvement in thermophoresis factor enriches temperature field in case of active control while reverse nature is observed in passive control situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the importance of mass and heat transfer characteristics of mixed convective conditions on nonlinear free convection flow embedded with non-Fourier flux and thermal radiation is numerically investigated. A partial Casson slip and mixed impact of thermophoresis and Brownian motion is considered at the elastic surface. To change the highly nonlinear partial differential equations into ordinary differential system, we used the similarity transformations and then the shooting method is employed to solve resulting equations. The significance of various physical parameters on the velocity, concentration and temperature profiles are investigated for both negative value of ferromagnetic interaction ( β 1 = − 0. 2) and positive value of ferromagnetic interaction ( β 1 = 0. 2). The governing physical aspects of coefficient of skin friction, the Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are obtained for various embedded parameters. Our findings concluded that the ferromagnetic interaction is positive and then more mass transfer rate is identified compared to the negative value of ferromagnetic interaction, but whereas in friction and heat transfer rate, it was completely mixed sense (i.e., different effects have different results). Brownian motion has less Nusselt number values in positive ferromagnetism compared to negative ferromagnetism and quite opposite behavior is observed in the presence of thermophoresis, this happened due to nonlinear flux and buoyancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzed in this paper is an investigation of the impacts of the varying source of heat or thermal sink and viscous dissipation on Casson fluid flow from a moving wedge by considering thermal and momentum slips in a mathematical model. Regarding the regulation of concentration fields, we incorporated the Soret and Dufour phenomena. The outcomes are analyzed numerically by using the shooting technique. The governing parametric effects of the flow characteristics are revealed graphically. We also presented the local Sherwood and Nusselt number values for non-Newtonian fluid (Casson fluid) and Newtonian. It is discovered that the thermal and concentration boundary layer is more extensive in Casson fluid while equated with the Newtonian fluid. The thermal and mass transmission in Newtonian fluid is significantly larger than in non-Newtonian fluid. The heat source/sink, Eckert number and Dufour number boost the rate of thermal transport and depreciate the rate of mass transport for both the Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of heat transfers in heat exchangers, nuclear cooling, solar collectors, and electrical devices is crucial nowadays. Hybrid nanofluid can be used in these applications to get the best results because it encourages efficient heat transmission compared to conventional fluid. The effect of radiation and an unsteady Carreau hybrid fluid in addition to non-Fourier heat flux over a shrinking sheet is discussed in this paper. Using similarity transformations, the newly developed system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), that are next numerically addressed by utilizing shooting approach and the Runge–Kutta (RK) method. Tables and graphs are used to present utilizing the computational findings for nondimensional temperature, velocity, heat transfer rate, and friction between fluid and hybrid nanoparticles. Additionally, for certain physical factors, the physical quantities in numerical values were also presented (such as the friction factor and local Nusselt number). We made a restricted case comparison between the current findings and the body of prior research. Our finding confirms that the temperature profile is strengthened by the heat generation parameter and the effect of radiation. The porosity parameter decelerates the momentum boundary layer thickness near the plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]