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2. The adipokine profile of metabolically benign obese and at‐risk normal weight postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Author

Khan, Unab I, Ogorodnikova, Alexandra D, Xu, Linzhi, Wang, Dan, Wassertheil‐Smoller, Sylvia, Ho, Gloria YF, Sowers, Mary Fran R, Rajpathak, Swapnil N, Allison, Matthew A, Mackey, Rachel H, Vitolins, Mara Z, Manson, JoAnn E, and Wildman, Rachel P

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Health Sciences, Diabetes, Prevention, Nutrition, Obesity, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Stroke, Cancer, Adiponectin, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Leptin, Logistic Models, Metabolic Syndrome, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Overweight, Postmenopause, Resistin, Risk Factors, Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract

ObjectiveNearly, a third of obese individuals, termed metabolically benign obese, have a low burden of adiposity-related cardiometabolic abnormalities, whereas a substantial proportion of normal-weight individuals possess risk factors.MethodsIn cross-sectional analyses of 699 normal weight and 1,294 overweight/obese postmenopausal women enrolled in a nested case-control stroke study ancillary to the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, we compared levels of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin among metabolically benign normal weight, at-risk normal weight, metabolically benign obese, and at-risk obese women using components of the ATP III definition of the metabolic syndrome (metabolically benign: ≤1 of the four components; at-risk phenotype: ≥2 components or diabetes).ResultsOverall, 382/699 normal-weight women (54.6%) and 328/1,194 overweight/obese women (27.5%) were metabolically benign. Among normal-weight women, at-risk women had higher leptin and lower adiponectin levels compared to metabolically benign women; multivariate-adjusted odds ratios were significant for having leptin (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.28-5.01) and resistin (1.46; 1.03-2.07) in the top tertile and adiponectin in the bottom tertile (2.64; 1.81-3.84). Compared to metabolically benign overweight/obese women, at-risk obese women had higher odds of having leptin in the top tertile (1.62; 1.24-2.12) and adiponectin in the bottom tertile (2.78; 2.04-3.77).ConclusionsOverall, metabolically benign overweight/obese women had an intermediate adipokine profile (between at-risk obese and metabolically benign normal-weight women), whereas at-risk normal-weight women had a less favorable profile compared to metabolically benign normal-weight women. As adiponectin was the only adipokine independent of BMI, it may be most likely to have a role in the etiological pathway of these phenotypes.

Published
2014

4. Data from Adipokines Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Author

Ho, Gloria Y.F., primary, Wang, Tao, primary, Gunter, Marc J., primary, Strickler, Howard D., primary, Cushman, Mary, primary, Kaplan, Robert C., primary, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, primary, Xue, Xiaonan, primary, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., primary, Chlebowski, Rowan T., primary, Vitolins, Mara Z., primary, Scherer, Philipp E., primary, and Rohan, Thomas E., primary

Published
2023
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5. Supplementary Table 1 from Adipokines Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Author

Ho, Gloria Y.F., primary, Wang, Tao, primary, Gunter, Marc J., primary, Strickler, Howard D., primary, Cushman, Mary, primary, Kaplan, Robert C., primary, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, primary, Xue, Xiaonan, primary, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., primary, Chlebowski, Rowan T., primary, Vitolins, Mara Z., primary, Scherer, Philipp E., primary, and Rohan, Thomas E., primary

Published
2023
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24. Addressing Therapeutic Inertia in 2020 and Beyond: A 3-Year Initiative of the American Diabetes Association

Author

Gabbay, Robert A., primary, Kendall, Debbie, additional, Beebe, Christine, additional, Cuddeback, John, additional, Hobbs, Todd, additional, Khan, Naeem D., additional, Leal, Sandra, additional, Miller, Eden, additional, Novak, Lucia M., additional, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., additional, Scribner, Paul, additional, Meneghini, Luigi, additional, and Khunti, Kamlesh, additional

Published
2020
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33. Changes in IGF-I and its Binding Proteins Are Associated with Diabetes in Older Adults

Author

Aneke, Chino S., Parrinello, Christina M., Rajpathak, Swapnil N., Rohan, Thomas E., Strotmeyer, Elsa S., Kritchevsky, Stephen B., Psaty, Bruce M., Bůžková, Petra, Kizer, Jorge R., Newman, Anne B., Strickler, Howard D., and Kaplan, Robert C.

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Cohort Studies, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1, Male, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Female, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Article, Aged, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

To determine whether changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) protein levels are greater in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus or worsening glycemia than in normoglycemic individuals over a 9-year follow-up period.Retrospective analysis of a cohort study.Participants were recruited from North Carolina, California, Maryland, and Pennsylvania.Cardiovascular Health Study All Stars participants, a cohort study of community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older (N=897).Plasma IGF-I, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, and IGFBP-3 levels were assessed and American Diabetes Association cut-points for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus were used to classify participants at baseline (1996-97) and follow-up (2005-06).At baseline, mean age was 76.3±3.6, and 18.5% had diabetes mellitus. Participants with IFG alone and IGT plus IFG had higher IGF-I levels and lower IGFBP-1 levels than those with normoglycemia or diabetes mellitus. The greatest percentage change in IGF levels occurred in those who had diabetes mellitus at baseline (9-year changes: -9.3% for IGF-I, 59.7% for IGFBP-1, -13.4% for IGFBP-3), the smallest in individuals who remained normoglycemic at follow-up (9-year changes: -3.7% for IGF-I, 25.6% for IGFBP-1, -6.4% for IGFBP-3), and intermediate in those who were normoglycemic but developed IFG at follow-up.Degrees of glycemic impairment are associated with varying degrees of change in IGF protein levels. The changes observed in the diabetes mellitus group have been previously shown to be associated with heart failure, cancer, and noncancer mortality.

Published
2015

35. Impact of differing glucose‐lowering regimens on the pattern of association between glucose control and survival.

Author

Currie, Craig J., Holden, Sarah E., Jenkins‐Jones, Sara, Morgan, Christopher Ll, Voss, Bernd, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., Alemayehu, Berhanu, Engel, Samuel S., and Peters, John R.

Subjects
HEMOGLOBINS, HYPOGLYCEMIA, TYPE 2 diabetes, METFORMIN, MORTALITY
Abstract

Aims: To characterize survival in relation to achieved glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level within alternative glucose‐lowering regimens with differing risks of hypoglycaemia. Methods: Data were extracted from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the corresponding Hospital Episode Statistics. Patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed glucose‐lowering therapy in monotherapy or dual therapy with metformin between 2004 and 2013 were identified. Risk of all‐cause mortality within treatment cohorts was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model, introducing mean HbA1c as a quarterly updated, time‐dependent covariable. Results: There were 6646 deaths in a total follow‐up period of 374 591 years. Survival for lower (<7%) vs moderate HbA1c levels (≥7%, <8.5%) differed by cohort: metformin, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95‐1.12); sulphonylurea, aHR 1.11 (95% CI 0.99‐1.25); insulin, aHR 1.47 (95% CI 1.25‐1.72); combined regimens with low hypoglycaemia risk, aHR 1.02 (95% CI 0.94‐1.10); and combined regimens with higher hypoglycaemia risk excluding insulin, aHR 1.24 (95% CI 1.13‐1.35) and including insulin, aHR 1.28 (95% CI 1.18‐1.37). Higher HbA1c levels were associated with increased mortality in regimens with low hypoglycaemia risk. Post hoc analysis by HbA1c deciles revealed an elevated risk of all‐cause mortality for the lowest deciles across all cohorts, but particularly in those regimens associated with hypoglycaemia. High HbA1c was associated with no difference, or a small increase in mortality risk in regimens with increased risk of hypoglycaemia. Conclusions: The pattern of mortality risk across the range of HbA1c differed by glucose‐lowering regimen. Lower HbA1c was associated with increased mortality risk compared with moderate control, especially in those regimens associated with hypoglycaemia. High levels of HbA1c were associated with the expected elevated mortality risk in regimens with low hypoglycaemia risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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39. The adipokine profile of metabolically benign obese and at‐risk normal weight postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Author

Khan, Unab I., primary, Ogorodnikova, Alexandra D., additional, Xu, Linzhi, additional, Wang, Dan, additional, Wassertheil‐Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Ho, Gloria Y.F., additional, Sowers, Mary Fran R., additional, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., additional, Allison, Matthew A., additional, Mackey, Rachel H., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Manson, JoAnn E., additional, and Wildman, Rachel P., additional

Published
2013
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40. Adipokines Linking Obesity with Colorectal Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women

Author

Ho, Gloria Y.F., primary, Wang, Tao, additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, Strickler, Howard D., additional, Cushman, Mary, additional, Kaplan, Robert C., additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Xue, Xiaonan, additional, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., additional, Chlebowski, Rowan T., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Scherer, Philipp E., additional, and Rohan, Thomas E., additional

Published
2012
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43. A Prospective Study of Inflammation Markers and Endometrial Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Hormone Nonusers

Author

Wang, Tao, primary, Rohan, Thomas E., additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, Xue, Xiaonan, additional, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, additional, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., additional, Cushman, Mary, additional, Strickler, Howard D., additional, Kaplan, Robert C., additional, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, additional, Scherer, Philipp E., additional, and Ho, Gloria Y.F., additional

Published
2011
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49. A Prospective Study of Inflammation Markers and Endometrial Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Hormone Nonusers.

Author

Tao Wang, Rohan, Thomas E., Gunter, Marc J., Xiaonan Xue, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Rajpathak, Swapnil N., Cushman, Mary, Strickler, Howard D., Kaplan, Robert C., Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Scherer, Philipp E., and Ho, Gloria Y. F.

Abstract

The article discusses a study which investigated the associations of the inflammation markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, with risk of endometrial cancer. A total of 151 incident cases of endometrial cancer were assayed for the study. Results showed positive correlation between CRP and endometrial cancer risk following adjustment on age and body mass index (BMI). Findings also revealed an association between obesity and endometrial cancer risk.

Published
2011
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50. CALCIUM INTAKE AND WEIGHT CHANGE.

Author

Rajpathak, Swapnil N., Rimm, Eric B., and Rosner, Bernard

Subjects
*DIETARY calcium, *CALCIUM in the body, *BODY weight, *WEIGHT gain, *WEIGHT loss, *NUTRITION research
Abstract

The article discusses the effects of calcium intake on weight change. A recent study conducted in the U.S., which investigates the association between calcium and dairy intakes in specific age group of men showed no significant association of calcium intake with weight change. It has been found that men with increased dairy intake have gained weight. The researchers concluded that an increase in calcium intake or dairy consumption does not lessen gain weight in men.

Published
2006

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