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Ankita Khataniar,1,&ast; Abhichandan Das,1,&ast; Manash J Baruah,2 Kusum K Bania,2 Sanchaita Rajkhowa,1,&ast; Sami A Al-Hussain,3 Magdi EA Zaki3 1Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, As-786004, India; 2Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, As-784028, India; 3Department of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Sanchaita Rajkhowa; Magdi EA Zaki, Email s_rajkhowa@dibru.ac.in; mezaki@imamu.edu.saBackground: The present study investigates the potential bioactivity of twelve experimentally designed C-2 quaternary indolinones against Providencia spp., a bacterial group of the Enterobacteriaceae family known to cause urinary tract infections. The study aims to provide insights into the bioactive properties of the investigated compounds and their potential use in developing novel treatments against Providencia spp. The experimental design of indolinones, combined with their unique chemical structure, makes them attractive candidates for further investigation. The results of this research may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic agents to combat Providencia spp. infections.Methods: The synthesized indolinones (moL1-moL12) are evaluated to identify any superior activity, particularly focusing on moL12, which possesses aza functionality. The antimicrobial activities of all twelve compounds are tested in triplicates against six different Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, including P. vermicola (P< 0.05). Computational methods have been employed to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of the compounds.Results: Among the synthesized indolinones, moL12 exhibits superior activity compared to the other compounds with similar skeleton but different functional moieties. All six strains tested, including P. vermicola, demonstrated sensitivity to moL12. Computational studies support the pharmacokinetic properties of moL12, indicating acceptable absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics.Conclusion: Utilizing the PPI approach, we have identified a promising target, FabD, in Gram-negative bacteria. Our analysis has shown that moL12 exhibits significant potential in binding with FabD, thereby, might inhibit cell wall formation, and display superior antimicrobial activity compared to other compounds. Consequently, moL12 may be a potential therapeutic agent that could be used to combat urinary tract infections caused by Providencia spp. The findings of this research hold significant promise for the development of new and effective treatments for bacterial infections. Keywords: C-2 quaternary indolinones, Providencia vermicola, Providencia stuartii, multi-drug resistance, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation

A triplex‐PCR assay was developed and evaluated for rapid detection of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) recovered from various biological samples of pig. Three sets of primers were designed to target mecA, 16S rRNA and nuc genes of MRSA. The specific amplification generated three bands on agarose gel, with sizes 280 bp for mecA, 654 bp for 16S rRNA and 481 bp for nuc, respectively. A potential advantage of the PCR assay is its sensitivity with a detection limit of 102 CFU per ml of bacteria. In all, 79 MRSA isolates recovered from various samples of pigs were subjected to the amplification by the triplex‐PCR assay and all the isolates yielded three bands corresponding to the three genes under this study. No false‐positive amplification was observed, indicating the high specificity of the developed triplex‐PCR assay. This assay will be a useful and powerful method for differentiation of MRSA from methicillin‐sensitive S. aureus, coagulase‐negative methicillin‐resistant staphylococci and coagulase‐negative methicillin‐sensitive staphylococci. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study reports the development and evaluation of a triplex‐PCR assay for the rapid detection of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from pigs. There is an urgent public health need for early and reliable detection of MRSA infection not only to reduce the cost of treatment but also to direct appropriate antibiotic therapy for its better management. This assay will be very useful for the rapid detection of MRSA from pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study records prevalence of Streptococcus suis infection in pigs with various disease condition in different pig farms of Assam. The clinical signs and pathological alterations shown by the affected animals varied according to the involvement of system. The organism could be isolated from various pathologic conditions of pigs such as septicaemia, meningitis, pneumonia, conjunctivitis and arthritis. Further confirmation through PCR amplification of the GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase) gene of S. suis capsular biosynthesis. Antibiotic sensitivity testing in most of the isolates showed greater sensitivity to antibiotics such as amikacin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, gentamicin and penicillin G and high degree of resistance to antimicrobials such as tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin and sulphadiazine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, due to time shortage and stressful life, people give least importance to exercise and body fitness. To cope with time deficit, bicycle is utilized, but regular bicycles occupy lots of space to park and are not easy to carry around. To overcome these problems faced by the society, an idea is conceptualized to design a foldable bicycle. The main idea of the study is to provide a foldable bicycle which is light and sleek, yet rigid and safe and easy to handle and maintain. A market survey is done to find out the availability of the frame material. Design is developed in SolidWorks 2015 in a HP computer with specifications such as Windows 7 Ultimate, Service Pack 1, RAM 4GB, Processor-Intel i3 4th generation, 64-bit. The proposed design is developed using IS code. A systematic analysis on the relationship between material properties and design for folding bicycle has been studied in STAAD pro V8i, series 4. The techniques applied under present investigation will definitely help the rider in his daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]