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Geetha Ari,1 Sathish Rajendran,1 Jaideep Mahendra,1 N Ambalavanan,1 Shonali Vijayaraj,1 Little Mahendra,2 Thodur Madapusi Balaji,3 Hosam Ali Baeshen,4 Shankargouda Patil,5,6 Rodolfo Reda,7,8 Luca Testarelli7 1Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600095, India; 2Department of Periodontics, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College, Dubai, 213620, United Arab Emirates; 3Department of Periodontology, Tagore Medical and Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India; 4Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; 5College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, 84095, USA; 6Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India; 7Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00161, Italy; 8Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, IndiaCorrespondence: Jaideep Mahendra, Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, 600095, India, Email jaideep_m_23@yahoo.co.inPurpose: The aim of the study was to estimate and compare the Saliva and GCF levels of NT-proBNP in systemically healthy subjects with severe chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal flap surgery.Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects were selected and divided into two groups based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Healthy Controls: 10 periodontally and systemically healthy subjects. Presurgery Group: 10 systemically healthy subjects with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Postsurgery Group included Presurgery Group subjects who will undergo periodontal flap surgery. After the periodontal parameters were measured, GCF and saliva samples were collected. Postsurgery Group subjects underwent periodontal flap surgery and both periodontal parameters and GCF and saliva levels were reassessed after 6 months.Results: Presurgery Group showed a higher mean value of plaque index, modified gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level when compared to Healthy Controls and it was found to decrease after periodontal flap surgery (Postsurgery Group). Intergroup comparison (Presurgery Group vs Postsurgery Group) of the mean difference of salivary NT-proBNP was found to be statistically significant. GCF levels of NT-proBNP also decreased after periodontal flap surgery but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: NT pro-BNP levels were found to be higher in periodontitis group as compared to the controls. The levels decreased following surgical periodontal therapy, elucidating the role of periodontal treatment on the expression of NT-proBNP as a salivary and GCF marker. NT-proBNP could serve as a potential biomarker for periodontitis in saliva and GCF in future.Keywords: biomarker, GCF, NT-proBNP, natriuretic peptides, periodontal disease, periodontal flap surgery, saliva

Automobiles and motorcycles that run on conventional fuels are currently not the greatest for transportation because to the rising awareness of pollution and the energy shortage concerns. There is a demand for a less expensive and more effective mode of transportation because the cost of petroleum goods is soaring right now. Additionally, it is becoming more and more crucial to conserve energy in order to assess the issue of leftover fuel depletion. Even large-scale manufacturing and industrial operations restrict their employees' use of transportation within the premises in order to reduce the risk of air pollution. Research on environmentally friendly transport has increased to fulfil these demands. Technology for electrically powered vehicles is a step in the right direction. One such environmentally friendly vehicle that aids employees in covering large distances inside of their organisations is the monowheel. A monowheel is a single-track, one wheeled vehicle that looks a lot like a unicycle. The rider sits inside the wheel as opposed to being above it like on a unicycle. The wheel is a ring that is often propelled by smaller wheels contacting its inner rim. The smaller wheels are powered by an electric motor and a battery to turn. Changes to the frame's design and the addition of solar panels as a backup power source are proposed. Then, the car can also be powered by solar energy. Software from CATIA and ANSYS, respectively, are used for the design and analysis of the inner and exterior fames.

This study focuses on the preparation of Al-based hybrid composites using AA7475 as the main alloy reinforced with two materials, ZrO2 and SiC. The combination of stir-squeeze processing techniques was employed to create various specimens by varying four parameters: Stir-speed, Stir-time, reinforcements, and squeeze pressure. Taguchi design was utilized to generate specimens for analyzing their mechanical properties, specifically tensile strength, hardness, and porosity.The results indicated that the highest porosity (4.44%) was observed in the L16 test, with a combination of 700rpm stir speed, 25 mins stir time, 2wt% reinforcements, and 80MPa squeeze pressure. On the other hand, the lowest porosity (2.61%) was found in the L7 test, with 800rpm stir speed, 30 mins stir time, 2wt% reinforcements, and 100 MPa squeeze pressure.Regarding tensile strength (UTS), the maximum value (285.23MPa) was achieved in the L13 experiment, while the minimum value (187.58 MPa) was observed in the L1 experiment. This variation in UTS can be attributed to the applied load, the strengthening effect of the reinforcements, and the grain size of SiC.

Rose is a commercial flower crop widely grown across India. It is highly sensitive to salinity and alkalinity. In the process of identification of salt and alkalinity resistant rootstocks of rose cultivars, a survey was conducted in the rose growing areas of Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Rajasthan. Total of 28 representative surface soil samples were collected from rose fields of these regions, processed and analyzed for the soil quality parameters. Similarly water samples (20 samples) from the bore wells of these fields were collected and analyzed. The results revealed that most of the soils of rose growing fields in UP were alkaline (pH >8.0) with normal salt content (electrical conductivity, EC < 0.5 dS m-1). Many of these soils also had higher bicarbonates (> 3 meq 100 g-1). In case of Rajasthan, few samples had higher pH, EC, chloride (>2 meq 100 g-1) and bicarbonate contents. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of UP and Rajasthan samples ranged from 5.21-20.7% and 2.94-24.9%, respectively. In case of water parameters in these areas, pH was slightly in alkaline range, EC of some of the samples were high (>1 dSm-1). Sodium content was slightly higher than other cations. Soluble sodium percentage (SSP) of water samples was also slightly higher than normal range (0-50%). Few samples had slightly higher chloride above the threshold limit. From the results, it is concluded that soil and water quality of the rose growing areas of UP and Rajasthan is marginal and proper management/reclamation measures need to be carried out for sustaining the production system.

In recent years, the multilingual content over the internet has grown exponentially together with the evolution of the internet. The usage of multilingual content is excluded from the regional language users because of the language barrier. So, machine translation between languages is the only possible solution to make these contents available for regional language users. Machine translation is the process of translating a text from one language to another. The machine translation system has been investigated well already in English and other European languages. However, it is still a nascent stage for Indian languages. This paper presents an overview of the Machine Translation in Indian Languages shared task conducted on September 7–8, 2017, at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India. This machine translation shared task in Indian languages is mainly focused on the development of English-Tamil, English-Hindi, English-Malayalam and English-Punjabi language pairs. This shared task aims at the following objectives: (a) to examine the state-of-the-art machine translation systems when translating from English to Indian languages; (b) to investigate the challenges faced in translating between English to Indian languages; (c) to create an open-source parallel corpus for Indian languages, which is lacking. Evaluating machine translation output is another challenging task especially for Indian languages. In this shared task, we have evaluated the participant’s outputs with the help of human annotators. As far as we know, this is the first shared task which depends completely on the human evaluation.

Complications in chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) surgery are usually rare. Sometimes, patients who underwent surgical treatment for CSDH develop complications such as pneumocephalus, recurrent hematoma, and subdural hygroma. We are reporting a case which had unexpected complications following CSDH surgical treatment.

Seetha Rajendran, Anand Iyer Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neurosciences Unit, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK Abstract: Adolescence is a period of rapid change, both physical and psychosocial for any young person. It can be challenging when they have ongoing health problems and when their care needs to be transitioned to the adult health care system. Transition should be a planned process of addressing the medical and associated comorbid conditions from pediatric to adult care in a coordinated manner. In most cases, the young person and their family are well known to the pediatrics services and have built a relationship based on trust and often friendship over many years. Understandably, there is significant apprehension about moving from this familiar setting to the unknown adult services. Apart from having a sound knowledge of specific childhood epileptic conditions and associated comorbid disorders, it is important that both the pediatric and adult epilepsy teams are motivated to provide a successful and safe transition for these patients. It is essential that transition is seen as a continual process and not as a single event, and good preparation is the key to its success. It is also important that general practitioners are closely engaged to ensure successful transition. An overview of how to effectively address transition in epilepsy, different models of transition, transition of relevant epilepsies, and their management is discussed. Keywords: epilepsy, transition, adolescence

Aneesia Varkey,1,2 Elakkiya Venugopal,2 Ponjanani Sugumaran,2 Gopinathan Janarthanan,1 Mamatha M Pillai,2 Selvakumar Rajendran,2 Amitava Bhattacharyya1 1Advanced Textile and Polymer Research Laboratory, 2Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the impact of various types of silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds on human osteoblast-like cell (MG63) attachment and proliferation. SF was isolated from Bombyx mori silk worm cocoons after degumming. Protein concentration in the degummed SF solution was estimated using Bradford method. Aqueous SF solution was used to fabricate three different types of scaffolds, viz, electrospun nanofiber mat, sponge, and porous film. The structures of the prepared scaffolds were characterized using optical micro­scopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The changes in the secondary structure of the proteins and the thermal behavior of the scaffolds were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis, respectively. The biodegradation rate of scaffolds was determined by incubating the scaffolds in simulated body fluid for 4 weeks. MG63 cells were seeded on the scaffolds and their attachment and proliferation onto the scaffolds were studied. The MTT assay was carried out to deduce the toxicity of the developed scaffolds. All the scaffolds were found to be biocompatible. The amount of collagen produced by the osteoblast-like cells growing on different scaffolds was estimated. Keywords: silk fibroin scaffold, electrospun nanofiber, porous film, sponge, osteoblast

Ascaris lumbricoides, or the common roundworms, has a worldwide distribution but is mainly seen in Asian and Latin American countries. In humans the usual habitat is in the small intestine, mainly in the jejunum. But if the worm load is high, which may go up to a thousand worms, the worms tend to migrate away from the usual site of habitat. This brief paper aims at highlighting the condition of biliary ascariasis through the authors′ experience in managing three such cases over a period of 1 year. The clinical features which arouse suspicion of biliary ascariasis, as well as diagnostic modalities and management, are described. Initially the cases were managed conservatively, but we conclude that if worms are retained in biliary tree for more than 10 days, surgery should be performed; since retention of degraded and calcified dead worm can occur, and this can lead to complications which are difficult to manage.

Malignant atrophic papulosis is a rare and fatal condition with multiple organ involvement. We describe a patient with progressive ocular and dermatological findings.

Measurements of the lifetime of neutrons trapped in a bottle have been consistently shorter than the lifetime measured in neutron beam experiments. With trapping potentials as low as 50 neV and neutron detectors located only at the top of the bottle, this discrepancy could be the result of the soft scattering of dark matter with neutrons. However, it is challenging to obtain the observed loss rate in conventional models of dark matter scattering. We show that this phenomenology is possible in composite models of dark matter where the soft scattering is from dark matter that has been captured and accumulated in the Earth. This solution can be tested by placing more neutron detectors around the trap, providing better angular coverage. The phenomenology of soft scattering by trapped composite dark matter is generic and suggests new experimental directions that could be pursued to detect this large class of models.