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Glucose isomerase (GI), an enzyme with deserved high potential in the world market. GI plays a major role in high Fructose Corn Syrup Production (HFCS). HFCS is used as a sweetener in food and pharmaceutical industries. Streptomyces are well-known producers of various industrially valuable enzymes, including Glucose isomerase. Currently, recombinant strains have been available for the production of various enzymes, but it has limitation in the large scale production. Therefore, identifying effective streptomyces strains have emerged. The current study, the novel S. lividans RSU26 was isolated from a marine source and optimized its potential to produce glucose isomerase at different physical and chemical conditions. The optimum pH and temperature for GI and biomass production were 7.5 and 35 °C, respectively at 96 h. Characterization study revealed that the approximate molar mass of GI was 43 kDa for monomeric and 170 kDa for tetrameric forms. Kinetic behavior exhibits Km, and Vmax values for the conversion of fructose to glucose conversion were 48.8 mM and 2.54 U mg−1 at 50 °C and glucose to fructose were 29.4 mM and 2.38 U mg−1 at 65 °C protein, respectively. Therefore, the present study suggested that the wild–type S. lividans RSU26 has strong potential to produce glucose isomerase for various industrial applications. Keywords: Streptomyces, Glucose isomerase, Optimization, Purification, Kinetics

Electronic Health Record (EHR) has been widely adopted in the US in the past decade, which provides an increasing interest for predictive analysis with clinical time series data. Recently, deep learning approaches such as Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and attention based networks have achieved the state-of-the-art accuracy on several clinical time series tasks, but one shortcoming of the RNN is the slow processing due to its sequential nature. In this paper, we propose a Filter based Feature Engineering method and a two-phase auto hyperparameter optimization method, which fit very well to clinical time series scenario. Combined with two widely used tree boosting methods: XGBoost and LightGBM, we demonstrated that our approach achieved the state-of-the-art results with more than 100X speed acceleration compared with RNN methods on two MIMIC-III benchmark tasks: In Hospital Mortality Prediction and 25-Phenotype Classification. Due to its superior accuracy and faster speed advantages, our approach has broad clinical application prospect, especially assisting doctors to make right diagnosis and treatment prognosis in shorter invaluable time.

Electronic Health Record (EHR) and healthcare claim data provide rich clinical information for time series analysis. In this work, we provide a different angle of solving healthcare multivariate time series classification by turning it into a computer vision problem. We propose a Convolutional Feature Engineering (CFE) methodology, that can effectively extract long sequence dependency time series features. Combined with LightGBM, it can achieve the state-of-the-art results with 35X speed acceleration compared with LSTM based approaches on MIMIC-III In Hospital Mortality benchmark task. We deploy CFE based LightGBM into our Mortality Early Warning System at Humana, and train it on 1 million member samples. The offline metrics shows that this new approach generates better-quality predictions than previous LSTM based approach, and meanwhile greatly decrease the training and inference time.

Lactic acid is an intermediate-volume specialty chemical for a wide range of food and industrial applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and chemical syntheses. Although lactic acid production has been well documented, improved production parameters that lead to reduced production costs are always of interest in industrial developments. In this study, we describe the production of lactic acid at high concentration, yield and volumetric productivity utilizing a novel homofermentative, facultative anaerobe Enterococcus faecalis CBRD01. The highest concentration of 182 g lactic acid l(-1) was achieved after 38 h of fed-batch fermentation on glucose. The bacterial isolate utilized only 2-13% of carbon for its growth and energy metabolism, while 87-98% of carbon was converted to lactic acid at an overall volumetric productivity of 5 g l(-1) h(-1). At 13 h of fermentation, the volumetric productivity of lactate production reached 10.3 g l(-1) h(-1), which is the highest ever reported for microbial production of lactic acid. The lactic acid produced was of high purity as formation of other metabolites was less than 0.1%. The present investigation demonstrates a new opportunity for enhanced production of lactic acid with potential for reduced purification costs.

Rationale Resistance against antibiotics of numerous bacteria is accumulating. Therefore, searches for innovative substances with antimicrobial activity have become an insistent necessity. Medicinal plants are recurrently used in popular medicine as remedies for many infectious diseases. Aim This study aimed to determine the in-vitro antimicrobial and anti-HIV activity of Canthium coromandelicum leaf extract against bacteria, fungi and viral component. Methods The plant extract screened for their antimicrobial activity against ten bacterial strains including Gram negative, Gram-positive bacteria, and six fungal strains using agar well diffusion, and microbroth dilution assays. The in-vitro anti-HIV assay was performed by reverse transcriptase (RT) and gp120 binding inhibition assay. Results The methanolic extract showed the broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of 64, 124 μg/ml showed against Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans respectively. The methanolic extract exhibit highest inhibition on HIV reverse transcriptase 78.67 ± 0.13 and glycoprotein 120 binding 72.52 ± 0.13. Conclusion The overall results provide information for the possible use of C. coromandelicum leaf extract in the control of microbial and HIV infections.

Additional file 2: Appendix. Consistency of experimental data and estimation of carbon flux through PP pathway using ethanol yield.

Rapid developments in the cosmetics, food and drug applications Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano materials have resulted in concerns related to the risk of overexposure of human blood. The rationale of this study was to systematically research the influence of nano-ZnO on erythrocyte. The ZnO nanoparticle was prepared by sol-gel method with size of 40 ± 5 nm. The erythrocytes treated with nano-ZnO underwent abnormal sedimentation, aggregation along with dose dependent haemolysis. The ghost cells were investigated by using ultrathin cell section in the case under nano-ZnO. The RBC membrane destruction further confirmed by malondialdehyde (MDA) quantification. The results imply better understanding of the interaction between erythrocytes and nano-ZnO and will help in assessing the risk of nanomaterial toxicity in blood that may have potential toxicity to human being health. The following results suggest that the risk assessment of nano-materials and nano-products should be carried out prior to their wide application although they hold much more inconceivable and remarkable advantages.

Benzimidazoles and its derivatives represent one of the mainly biological active classes of literature.In this present study aimed to synthesize N-mannich bases derivatives compounds bearing of 2-substituted benzimidazole moiety, in order to investigate their possible biological activity.Benzimidazole compounds were prepared from the condensation reaction between ortho phenylene diamine and various acids. Mannich base of newly synthesized Benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from 2-substituted Benzimidazoles by reacting with secondary amines. The purity of the compounds was ascertained by melting point (m.p) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by spectral data. Antimicrobial assay was performed by microbroth dilution method. Bacterial genomic DNA cleavage was assessed by Agarose gel electrophoresis. Toxicity of the most effective compounds was studied by Brine-shrimp lethality assay.Among the synthesized compounds, compound 5E (a) and (b) was establish to be the most potent against all tested microorganisms. This two compounds exhibited complete bacterial DNA cleavage and non-toxic.These results suggest that it an interesting compound compared to the current therapeutic agents and are considered to investigate further for the same.