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Five decades have passed since the first detection of microplastics (MPs) in the marine environment. However, research on this “invisible” pollution was only triggered in the beginning of the XXI century. Despite the remarkable progress, there are still questions remaining and, most important, preventive measures to be taken. Regarding the evaluation of MPs pollution in the Portuguese coast, the assessment of temporal changes (supported by regular sampling) has rarely been performed and subtidal data scarcely collected. In order to address the lacking data and to better understand the consequences of the anthropogenic pressures resulting from this coastal nation, this thesis primary tasks consisted of collecting and analyzing baseline data from the nearshore subtidal at a segment of the Portuguese west coast, both from water surface and sediments. Findings obtained from the study area, which comprises the Sado river estuary and Arrábida marine Park (where multiple socioeconomic activities take place), intend to trigger and support the improvement of waste management in the region. Moreover, owing to the fish samples (Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758)) collected concurrently with the previous tasks, an evaluation of this species potential to be used as an indicator of MPs pollution in this coastal area, was conducted, consisting of this thesis third objective. Subsequently, with the purpose of understanding the effects occurring in the wild, due to MPs ingestion, a short-term experimental assay was conducted with larvae of Sparus aurata L., 1758 exposed to environmentally realistic conditions: besides being fed with MPs, they were reared in artificial seawater contaminated with nonylphenol (an endocrine disrupting compound). Additional aims, accomplished throughout the thesis, were to raise awareness about plastic pollution and to disseminate main findings with society. Most initiatives were conducted with local citizens and stakeholders from the municipalities located near the study area: Setúbal and Sesimbra. Passaram cinco décadas desde a primeira deteção de microplásticos (MPs) no ambiente marinho. No entanto, a investigação sobre esta poluição “invisível” só se desencadeou no início do século XXI. Apesar do progresso notável, ainda existem muitas incertezas e, mais importante, medidas preventivas por tomar. Quanto à avaliação da poluição por MPs na costa portuguesa, a investigação de variações temporais (suportada por amostragens regulares) foi raramente efetuada, assim como amostragens no subtidal. De forma a responder às lacunas identificadas e para melhor compreender as consequências das pressões antropogénicas resultantes desta nação costeira, definiram-se como tarefas prioritárias desta tese a recolha e análise de dados do subtidal de um segmento da costa oeste portuguesa, tanto da superfície da água como dos sedimentos. Pretende-se que os resultados obtidos sobre a área de estudo, que compreende o estuário do rio Sado e o parque marinho da Arrábida (onde decorrem múltiplas atividades socioeconómicas), possam desencadear e fundamentar o melhoramento da gestão de resíduos da região. Adicionalmente, devido à recolha de amostras de peixes (Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758)) efetuada em simultâneo com as amostragens anteriores, foi possível avaliar o potencial desta espécie como indicador de poluição por MPs nesta área costeira, consistindo no terceiro objetivo desta tese. Posteriormente, com o objetivo de compreender os efeitos que ocorrem na natureza devido à ingestão de MPs, foi realizado um ensaio experimental de curta duração com larvas de Sparus aurata L., 1758 expostas a condições ambientalmente realistas: além dos MPs incluídos nas dietas, foram mantidas em água do mar artificial contaminada com nonilfenol (um composto disruptor endócrino). Ao longo do desenvolvimento da tese procurou-se contribuir para a sensibilização da sociedade sobre esta problemática e divulgar as principais conclusões. A maioria das iniciativas foi direcionada aos cidadãos e stakeholders locais, dos municípios próximos à área de estudo: Setúbal e Sesimbra.

[ES] Este Trabajo Fin de Grado expone la violenta realidad que se presenta en la cría intensiva de animales, llevando a cabo una denuncia hacia las industrias responsables de esta explotación animal. A través de la instalación artística se pretende realizar una crítica social que permita al espectador tomar conciencia de las condiciones en las que viven los animales de dichas industrias, en concreto los pertenecientes a la industria cárnica y la acuícola., [EN] This final project seeks to expose the violent reality behind the practice of intensive animal breeding, denouncing the industries responsible for this kind of animal exploitation. Through the means of art installation, the intent is to carry out a social critique that allows the audience to become aware of the conditions the animals in these industries live under, and specifically those belonging to the meat and aquaculture industries.

[ES] El documento de TFG que se presenta a continuación consiste en la conceptualización de una novela gráfica de una extensión de unas 50 páginas aproximadamente, realizado en medios analógicos y retocada en medios digitales. La temática de la novela es autobiográfica centrándome en mi experiencia como persona con asperger. Así como reflexionar sobre la pobre representación de personajes con trastornos del espectro autista, en concreto síndrome de asperger, en los medios de comunicación para poder ofrecer una alternativa e informar y concienciar a los lectores., [EN] The TFG document that is going to be presented next consist in the conceptualization of a graphic novel of the length of 50 pages approximately, made in analogue media and retouched digitally. The theme of the novel is autobiographic, focussing on my experience as person with Asperger's. Just as reflect of the poor representation of characters with autistic spectrum disorders, in particular Asperger's syndrome, in media in order to being able to offer an alternative, inform and raise awareness in the readers.

There is a growing interest and obligations to bring the results of scientific research closer to society. In this sense, the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC) has acquired in recent years an institutional commitment with the scientific dissemination, carrying out some projects on this topic. The objective of these projects is to visualize and value their research and results in different formats increasing the scientific culture of society that demand and financed most of public research. In the present work four successful initiatives or projects are presented. Diversimar project is a citizen science tool for the observation of the marine and fishing biodiversity of Galicia and the Cantabrian Sea. Mar interior project brings activity of IEO to society with face-to-face conferences and workshops. Planet Tuna project combines science with art through an online platform to enhance the scientific knowledge of tuna and other big pelagics for their sustainability. To end, the interactive book “45 days on the Flemish Cap Bank” spreads the technical and human effort of an oceanographic survey that remains behind the fisheries management developed by the IEO. The objective of the present study is to make visible and put in value these projects and serve as inspiration.

Provides background on World First Aid Day, touching on some of the groups involved, and covering the activities and motivations of the September 12th, 2020 events., International Journal of First Aid Education, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020)

Esta investigación ha ido destinada a dos elementos de la educación, la inclusión y las Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE), dentro de un aula de infantil. La elección de estos elementos se debe a la importancia que ambas tienen en el mundo educativo y la relación que existe entre ellas. Así como por la necesidad de que la sociedad las conozca y se conciencie de ellas. Durante esta investigación el foco se centró en la importancia que tienen las personas para conseguir que exista la inclusión de las personas con NEE, concretamente de las personas con déficit visual, déficit auditivo y Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL), dentro del aula. De estos motivos surge el objetivo de concienciar y dar a conocer al alumnado que hay personas con déficit visual, déficit auditivo y Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje. Para conseguir el objetivo se elaboraron seis actividades con materiales innovadores que se llevarían a cabo en el aula en el momento del proyecto, ya que su relevancia merece dedicarle el tiempo suficiente para interiorizar la información. Además, una vez hechas las sesiones el material se quedaría en el aula para que el alumnado pudiese seguir aprendiendo y que la sesión no fuese algo pasajero. Finalmente, para saber si el objetivo se cumpliría, las actividades se evaluarían mediante la observación y con una tabla de ítems que responderíamos por cada alumno/a. This research has been developed focusing on two elements of education, inclusion and special educational needs (SEN), inside the kindergarten classroom. The choice of these elements is due to the importance that both have in the educational world and the relationship that exists beetwen them. As well as the need for society to know and become aware of them. During this reasearch, the focus was on the importance of people involvement to achieve the inclusion of people with SEN, specifically with visual deficit, hearing deficit and Specific Language Disorder (SLD), within the classroom. From these reasons, the aim arises from raising awareness and making the students aware that there are people with visual deficit, hearing deficit and Specific Language Disorder. To achieve the objective were made six activities with innovative materials that would take place in the classroom at the time of the project, because its relevance deserves to dedicate enought time to internalize the information. Also, once the sessions were done, the material would remain in the classroom so that the students are able to continue learning and the sessions can have a long term impact.

This thesis deals with the CSR issue within a large cosmetics group, and how it is integrated into the strategy and the very functioning of the company on a daily basis. There are different reasonsto engage in CSR commitment, which can be practiced to different degrees and on different axes. What is CSR? How can it be applied? How to make it concrete and obtain results? Does it impinge on the economic performance of the company? By dealing with thecase of the L'Oreal Group, I hope to provide answers to these questions.; Ce mémoire traite de la problématique RSE au sein d’un grand groupe de cosmétique, et comment elle est intégrée à la stratégie et au fonctionnement même de l’entreprise, et ce au quotidien. Il existe différentes raisons pour se lancer dans l’engagement RSE, qui celui-ci, peut être pratiqué à différents degrés et sur différents axes. Qu’est-ce que la RSE ? Comment l’appliquer ? Comment la rendre concrète et obtenir des résultats ? Empiète-t-elle sur la performance économique de l’entreprise ? En traitant le cas du Groupe l’Oréal, j’espère apporter la réponse à ces questions.

O desperdício alimentar é hoje reconhecido como um dos principais problemas ambientais da sociedade consumista em que vivemos. Por este motivo, diversos esforços têm sido realizados, a nível nacional e internacional, para sensibilizar a população através de campanhas e da integração do tema em projetos escolares. As instituições de ensino superior formadoras de professores têm um papel fundamental no combate ao desperdício alimentar, que passa por dinamizar ações de sensibilização e conceber recursos pedagógicos de apoio aos professores. Aqui se relata o impacto de uma experiência de formação sobre o desperdício alimentar com recurso a um jogo online no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Os dados obtidos a partir de um questionário, aplicado a 93 alunos e quatro professoras, permitiram verificar que o jogo online promoveu a motivação e o interesse dos alunos, o que reforça a continuidade da aposta neste tipo de recursos no campo da educação ambiental., Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 11 n. 1 (2019): Eduser - Revista de Educação

espanolEl presente articulo tiene como objetivo general implementar acciones pedagogicas para la concientizacion y sensibilizacion de la comunidad educativa con relacion a preservar el sistema lagunar de la Cienega Grande de Santa Marta. La metodologia utilizada se dio bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con un tipo de investigacion accion-participacion, se utilizaron tecnicas como entrevistas y observaciones con estudiantes de la jornada de la manana de la Institucion Educativa Departamental San de Jose de Pueblo Viejo de grado 10° y 11°. A partir de la implementacion de las acciones pedagogicas se logro en la poblacion aumentar el conocimiento acerca del cuidado del entorno y las consecuencias de su contaminacion, generacion de conciencia frente a la preservacion del medio ambiente y la reduccion de la contaminacion por solidos EnglishThe present article it recounts to the investigation developed by teachers of the Educational Institution San Jose of old People in that they had as general aim implement pedagogic actions for the raise awareness and awareness of the educational community with relation to preserving the system lagoon from the Cienega Grande of Santa Martha. The used methodology was given under a qualitative approach, with a type of investigation action-participation, of descriptive type, were in use technologies as interviews and field diary with a sample of students of the day of the morning of the Educational Departmental Institution San de Jose of Old People. From the implementation of the pedagogic actions it was achieved in the population to increase the knowledge it brings over of the care of the environment and the consequences of his pollution, generation of conscience opposite to the preservation of the environment and the reduction of the pollution for solid.

"The book to read is not the one that thinks for you but the one which makes you think". With this quote, Harper Lee certainly underlines the best function of literary works: they have to convey a message to the reader and to make him think. Among such works, we can definitely count Margaret Atwood's The Year of the Flood (2009), the second book of her MaddAddam trilogy. In this examination of the latter, a brief summary of the three novels and a synopsis of the target book are followed by a few pages devoted to speculative fiction and climate change fiction as well as other contemporary flood narratives and cinematographic representations, this, in order to contextualize her work. After this theoretical section, the second part of this dissertation focuses on the progress of the Waterless Flood described by two female protagonists. Contrary to the reader's expectations, this particular Flood is not a flood in its traditional meaning, since it does not involve any water. It is a pandemic that spreads because of a virus intentionally implanted within a pill by the greedy protagonist Crake who wants to eradicate the existing humanity and has created a new human species to survive the propagation of the bacteria and take over on earth once everyone else had died. This treatise contends that Atwood chose to present a rewriting of the traditional and universal myth of the Flood in order to provide a cautionary tale to the reader regarding his own contemporary reality and the current state of the world ecosystem. To do so, it is demonstrated that the author blames western modernity and its values, such as greed and constant desire for power, for the poor condition of the earth and the extinction of animal and plant species, both in the novel and in the readers' society. To this end, Atwood seems to reject and condemn various types of behaviour through the fictional community of corporations and businessmen, also called the Compounds. In addition, through an alternative society, it is argued that she provides better ways to treat our environment. The God's Gardeners, who have a deep Christian faith, are vegan, and whose main principle for life is not to kill, are described as the example to follow to avoid, both in the novel and in reality, any kind of disaster, either environmental, industrial or scientific. This dissertation also tries to explain exactly how the author achieves the raising of readers' awareness about their irreversible effects on nature. The main strategies that Atwood uses in order to make the reader understand that the marks he leaves on the planet are not always positive are irony; vivid visual imagery through detailed and significant descriptions; first-person narration; and the presentation of a society respectful of nature and its living beings opposed to a community which causes considerable damage to the same. We sometimes need fiction to inspire reflection about real, observable facts, and this, Atwood does in a surprising way. "Le livre à lire n'est pas celui qui pense pour vous mais celui qui vous fait réfléchir". Avec cette citation, Harper Lee met certainement en évidence la meilleure fonction de la littérature : celle de communiquer un message au lecteur et de le faire réfléchir. Parmi ces œuvres littéraires, nous pouvons compter sur The Year of the Flood (2009) de Margaret Atwood, le second tome de sa trilogie intitulée MaddAddam. Dans l'analyse de ce dernier, un rapide résumé de chacun de ces trois romans et un sommaire du livre en question sont suivies de quelques pages dédiées à la fiction spéculative et à la mise en récit du réchauffement climatique ainsi qu'à d'autres récits et films qui mettent en scène des montées des eaux inhabituelles afin de contextualiser l'œuvre de l'auteur. A la suite de cette partie théorique, la seconde partie de ce mémoire se concentre sur la progression de la Waterless Flood du point de vue de deux protagonistes féminins. Contrairement aux attentes du lecteur, cet événement n'est une montée des eaux dans sa signification traditionnelle, puisqu'il n'inclut justement pas de flots. Il s'agit d'une pandémie qui se propage par un virus qui a été inséré intentionnellement dans un médicament par le cupide personnage Crake qui désire faire disparaître l'Humanité afin que la nouvelle espèce humaine qu'il a créée soit celle qui survie à l'épidémie et règne sur terre une fois que tout autre être humain originel soit décédé par le virus. Cette dissertation soutient l'idée qu'Atwood a choisi de réécrire le mythe original et universel du Déluge afin de faire passer un message au lecteur quant à sa réalité et l'état de son environnement. Pour se faire, il est démontré qu'elle rejette la responsabilité sur la modernité occidentale et ses valeurs, comme l'avidité et le désire de pouvoir, pour la condition précaire de la Terre et de l'extinction d'espèces animales et végétales, à la fois dans le roman et dans la réalité du lecteur. Ainsi, Atwood semble rejeter et condamner plusieurs comportements à travers la présentation de la société des compagnies industrielles et des hommes d'affaires, appelée les Compounds. De plus, avec un autre type de société, il est montré que l'auteur communique de meilleures façons d'entretenir l'environnement. La communauté des God's Gardeners, qui ont une profonde croyance chrétienne, sont végétaliens et dont le principe de vie essentiel est de ne jamais tuer qui ou quoi que ce soit, est présenté comme l'exemple à suivre afin d'éviter, dans le récit comme dans la vraie vie, quelconque cataclysme, qu'il soit environnemental, industriel ou scientifique. Le présent travail essaye également d'expliquer comment Atwood parvient à conscientiser le lecteur de son impact sur l'écosystème qui l'entoure. L'ironie; une vive imagerie grâce à des descriptions détaillés et parlantes; la narration à la première personne; et la présentation d'une société respectueuse de la nature et ses êtres vivants ainsi que d'une société qui cause des préjudices considérables sur cet environnement sont autant de stratégies dont Atwood se sert dans le but de faire comprendre à son public que les traces que l'Humanité laisse sur terre ne sont pas toujours positives. Nous avons parfois besoin de fiction pour réfléchir à des faits observables, ce qu'Atwood parvient à faire de façon surprenante. Master [120] en langues et lettres modernes, orientation générale, Université catholique de Louvain, 2017

This is a background paper to the Pacific Possible report. For many Pacific Island countries, tourism is the main economic opportunity to generate incomes and jobs. This report suggests that increasing tourism demand in four areas could drive growth of tourism arrivals in the Pacific: Increasing demand from Chinese tourists, retired persons, high income individuals, and cruise ship operators. It sets out key actions to capitalize on these potential sources of increased demand and ensure the development of the tourism sector in an environmentally, socially, and culturally sustainable manner.

Las sociedades progresan: la actual, en un mundo que comandan la globalización y la informática, es una sociedad postmoderna. En ella, se han modificado las formas de transmitir y relacionar socialmente la cultura; se han desarrollado nuevos seres humanos, individuos postmodernos con características muy particulares: ellos son nuestros alumnos. ¿Cómo optimizamos la tríada del aprendizaje (alumno-docente-conocimientos)? No basta saber los contenidos y ser un especialista en la materia; es indispensable ser conscientes del entorno actual para analizar y comprender las características de nuestros alumnos, también denominados “hijos de la globalización” o “nativos digitales”. Solo así conoceremos, asimismo, nuestra propia realidad como individuos y docentes. El presente ensayo procura analizar las características de nuestros alumnos y reflexionar sobre nuestro papel como docentes en un entorno complejo y cambiante. Revisión por pares

Tourism is a traveling for the purpose of recreation and leisure. Events are gaining more importance and significance, they are different types and the key of their success is strategic planning. This thesis describes the modern dynamics and perspectives of development of events tourism in Tbilisi. To determine, what are the consequences of events tourism development in Tbilisi and Georgia, how the popularity of the country is growing and what is the purpose for tourists to visit here, are the main questions of this work. The paper emphasizes that this field is one of the leading in the world tourism industry. The significance of this assumption is that tourists often visit some countries to attend an event. Consequently, we can say that events are major motivation for tourism. Quantitative and qualitative research methods are used to achieve the purpose set out in the work. The first chapter is dedicated to theoretical knowledge and core concepts in this field. There is a discussion about the meaning and types of events by different authors. In this work it is reviewed the importance of strategic planning and implementing effective management, which will ensure success and awareness of the event. Also, this chapter presents the typology, forces, trends and issues related to planned events according to Donald Getz., ტურიზმი არის მოგზაურობა რეკრეაციისა და დასვენების მიზნით. ღონისძიებები თანდათანობით უფრო მეტ მნიშვნელობას იძენს ტურიზმის ინდუსტრიაში, მრავალფეროვანია და მათი წარმატების მთავარი გასაღები სტრატეგიული დაგეგმვაა. ნაშრომის მიზანია თბილისში ღონისძიებების ტურიზმის თანამედროვე დინამიკის მიმოხილვა და სამომავლო პოტენციალის, პერსპექტივების განსაზღვრა. ის, თუ რა შედეგები მოაქვს ღონისძიებების ტურიზმის განვითარებას თბილისისა და მთლიანად საქართველოსათვის, რამდენად იზრდება ქვეყნის პოპულარობა და რა არის ძირითადი მიზეზი, რაც უცხოელ ტურისტებს იზიდავთ აქ ჩამოსასვლელად, კვლევის მთავარი კითხვებია. ნაშრომში აღნიშნულია, რომ ეს სფერო მსოფლიო ტურიზმის ინდუსტრიაში ერთ-ერთ წამყვან ადგილს იკავებს. ამ მოსაზრების აქტუალობას ხაზი გაუსვა იმანაც, რომ ხშირად ტურისტები მხოლოდ რომელიმე ღონისძიებაზე დასასწრებად სტუმრობენ რომელიმე ქვეყანას. შესაბამისად, შეგვიძლია ვთქვათ, რომ ღონისძიებები ტურიზმის მნიშვნელოვანი მოტივატორია. ნაშრომში დასახული მიზნის მისაღწევად გამოყენებულია რაოდენობრივი და თვისებრივი კვლევის მეთოდები. ნაშრომის პირველი თავი ეთმობა ამ სფეროში არსებული თეორიული ცოდნისა და ძირითადი ცნებების მიმოხილვას. მოცემულია ღონისძიებების არსი და სახეები სხვადასხვა ავტორის მიხედვით. ნაჩვენებია, თუ რამდენად მნიშვნელოვანია ღონისძიებების ორგანიზატორმა შეიმუშაოს სტრატეგიული გეგმა და განახორციელოს ეფექტური მენეჯმენტი, რაც შემდგომში უზრუნველყოფს რაიმე მოვლენის წარმატებას და ცნობადობის ამაღლებას. ასევე წარმოდგენილია დაგეგმილი ღონისძიებების ტიპოლოგია, მთავარი ძალები, ტენდენციები და პრობლემები დონალდ გეტცის მიხედვით.