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This article examines the labor market experiences of Sudanese forced migrants in Israel under prolonged temporary legal status. It underscores how regulatory and legal frameworks, particularly the mechanism of institutional ambiguity as a form of legal violence, shape migrants' socioeconomic outcomes. Employing a mixed-methods approach and comparative analysis, the study adopts Menjívar's, C. (2006. "Liminal legality: Salvadoran and Guatemalan immigrants' lives in the United States." American Journal of Sociology 111 (4): 999–1037) concept of 'liminal legality' as an analytical lens to compare the experiences of asylum seekers and refugees. The findings reveal significant disparities between these two groups in employment patterns, wages, and exposure to exploitative working conditions, primarily driven by differences in legal status. Asylum seekers are disproportionately relegated to unskilled, precarious jobs at the bottom of the employment ladder, facing heightened vulnerability to exploitative working conditions. Refugees, despite their relatively 'premium' status, also encounter significant constraints in labor market participation, reflecting their confinement to the secondary labor market. By highlighting these disparities, this article advances our knowledge of how positions along the continuum of liminal legality shapes employment outcomes among forced migrants. It also contributes to the broader discourse on socio-political and legal barriers that hinder migrant integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the mechanisms explaining the life satisfaction of Latin American migrants living in Canada (in the province of Québec) and Israel. This comparative approach allows us to consider some specific aspects of the respective integration contexts, as well as the immigrants' perceptions and expectations as they settle in these two host societies. Our survey results show that life satisfaction is associated with stronger feelings of socio‐economic success, fewer feelings of being disadvantaged because of being a foreigner, and positive personal cost‐benefit calculations about the decision to emigrate. We found two main differences between the countries. The effect of socio‐economic success on life satisfaction for immigrants in Canada was stronger than for their counterparts in Israel. The effect of attachment to the host country on the life satisfaction of immigrants in Israel was stronger than for their counterparts in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted to examine the effects of national attachments and perception of threat on citizens' willingness to give citizenship rights to immigrants in Germany, France, the USA and Israel. Results showed that even though the migration policies in various countries were different no significant differences were seen in the attitudes towards the allocation of citizenship rights to immigrants.

The present article focuses on determinants of attitudes towards granting social rights to overseas labour migrants in Israeli society. The analysis is based on a national representative sample of the adult population in Israel. The findings reveal that a substantial number of respondents (both Jews and Arabs) oppose granting equal social rights (i.e. education, welfare, health, housing) to foreign workers. These attitudes can partially be explained as resulting from perceived threat to social and economic well-being of individuals as well as threat to national identity and Jewish character of the state. Part of the exclusionary attitudes that cannot be attributed to threats, are explained by individuals' socio-economic characteristics, ethnicity and political orientation. The findings are discussed within the context of Israel as an ethno-national state. Keywords: Israel; labour migrants; minority rights; exclusionary attitudes; competition; threat.

Although researchers have chronicled the high rate of entrepreneurship in Chicago among recent Asian immigrants, especially Koreans, few studies examine groups with low rates of self-employment, such as Mexicans. In this article we analyse a unique survey of business owners operating in an immigrant community to identify circumstances that help and hinder entrepreneurship by comparing the experiences of Mexicans, with those of Koreans. We find that Korean and Mexican business owners draw on thinner ethnic social networks and do not reap similar advantages from co-ethnic business dealings. Until Mexicans consolidate a market niche, their opportunities to benefit from ethnic vertical integration will remain limited. Keywords: Koreans; Mexicans; ethnic entrepreneurship; social networks; Chicago; ethnic economy.

In this article we trace the creation of Evangelical churches created by and for Latin American undocumented migrants' in Israel. First, we relate to the social significance of religious practices and beliefs for migrants' individual and collective identity in the host society and the ways through which non-Jewish labor migrants in Israel are creating alternative spaces that operate simultaneously as a new community of belonging. We consider the possibilities latent in the churches as 'free spaces' for foreigners in the Jewish State, along with the limitations that participation in such a church entails for the migrant community. The second theme involves the universe of meanings through which believing migrants' interpret their existence and place in the Jewish State. Here we probe how religion becomes a way of legitimizing the migrants 'presence in a Jewish state and a means of channeling their claims for inclusion in the host country. We delve into the modes whereby the theological position of Christian Zionism is translated into a sociological position of Christian migrants in a Jewish state. Key Words: undocumented labor migrants, Evangelical churches, Christian Zionism, protected space, ethno-national state

As labor migration policies increasingly operate at the crossroads of neoliberal political economies, nativist nationalisms and assertive human rights activism, serious debates have emerged about whose logic is setting the discourse on migration issues, in what direction and with what justifications. Yet, while the actors driving the public discourse have been a central concern for scholars interested in the institutional transformation of migration politics, research on the migration discourse and claims-making has largely overlooked them. Drawing on an original data set of 1,300 collective claims on labor migration reported in Israeli print media during 2000–2012, we investigate two aspects of claims-making: the public claims mobilised by state and non-state actors, and the discursive opportunity structure in which they evolve. Our analysis of the claims mobilised by actors situated in different institutional positions and their political framings regarding the control and integration of legal and undocumented labor migrants seeks to fill the gap in the migration discourse literature. We also contribute to recent claims-making and political mobilisation analyses by bringing the actor-driven logic to bear on major debates regarding the institutional politics of migration and examining them empirically in relation to each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]