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A vortex turbine is a machine that converts energy from water potential energy to mechanical energy stored by a generator. One of the components having by a turbine is the rotor (blades). Rotor is defined as the moving component of power generation systems. Specifically, water that rotates through the cylinder basin makes the turbine works under the momentum energy stored by water. The works generated by the turbine have some value on torque, mechanical power and efficiency. The study aims to determine the effect of additional baffle plates on the Vortex turbine performance. Four specimens are used, including without additional baffles, additional upper baffles, additional lower baffles, and additional double baffles. Study was conducted on low-speed water tunnels using three variations on discharges about 11×10−3 m3/s, 12×10−3 m3/s and 13×10−3 m3/s. The result proved that an additional baffle plate on the vortex turbine changes the performance result. Additional double baffle reached the best performance at 30.70 Watt of mechanical power, 1.24 Nm of torque and 27.20% of efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The usage of renewable fuels, such as biomass pellets, is gaining popularity among the general public since it offers several benefits in both the short and long term. The study's goal was to conduct numerical research on cube-shaped furnaces with capacities ranging from 200 to 300 kW. The air-to-fuel ratio and its influence on speed distribution, temperature distribution, heat flow, and exhaust emissions have been examined as critical elements. For its combustion, ANSYS FLUENT software was used to conduct numerical study with a probability density function technique. The results revealed that the modeling correctly approximated the combustion process with air fuel ratios of 5.4, 7.2, and 9.0, and that the temperature and heat flow findings were supported by the experiment data. Increased air-to-fuel ratios improve combustion efficiency all the way to the furnace's top and center. Depending on the air fuel ratio, the velocity of the gas on the output side ranges from 8.9 to 12.9 m/s. Furnace combustion emissions have also been consistent. The heat rate generated by the furnace is 235-245 kW for a capacity of 75 kg of fuel/hour. Further research to optimize furnace combustion is required in order to increase heat output while decreasing emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogas is an attractive renewable fuel because it can be produced from abundant organic wastes via anaerobic digestion. This study reports the recent progress of the biogas produced from the waste of natural Indigofera wastes codigested with cow dungs. The substrate flow rate of 50 kg/day and 100 kg/day was digested in the digestion reactor 1 and reactor 2 of 3000 L and 1000 L, respectively. The biogas production was measured daily and used as fuel in an internal combustion engine for electricity generation. The results show that the higher the flow rate of the substrate, the higher the biogas was produced. The average biogas production from reactor one and two were 313.8 and 1503.9 L/day. Meanwhile, the engine efficiency is up to 30% at 350 W load and 25% at 700 W load when using biogas digested from reactor 1 and 2, respectively. It is interesting to further improve the anaerobic digestion reactor to obtain higher biogas production and to produce a higher power generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]