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1. Effective Defect Detection Using Instance Segmentation for NDI

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur, Seethi, Venkata Devesh Reddy, Yunker, Austin, Kral, Zachary, Kettimuthu, Rajkumar, and Alhoori, Hamed

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Ultrasonic testing is a common Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) method used in aerospace manufacturing. However, the complexity and size of the ultrasonic scans make it challenging to identify defects through visual inspection or machine learning models. Using computer vision techniques to identify defects from ultrasonic scans is an evolving research area. In this study, we used instance segmentation to identify the presence of defects in the ultrasonic scan images of composite panels that are representative of real components manufactured in aerospace. We used two models based on Mask-RCNN (Detectron 2) and YOLO 11 respectively. Additionally, we implemented a simple statistical pre-processing technique that reduces the burden of requiring custom-tailored pre-processing techniques. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of using instance segmentation in the NDI pipeline by significantly reducing data pre-processing time, inspection time, and overall costs., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Published at AI2ASE 2025 workshop at AAAI2025. Accepted publication is available at https://ai-2-ase.github.io/

Published
2025

2. Deep Learning-Driven Segmentation of Ischemic Stroke Lesions Using Multi-Channel MRI

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur, Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H., Wadud, Md Sharjis Ibne, Sarmun, Rusab, Mushtak, Adam, Zoghoul, Sohaib Bassam, and Al-Hashimi, Israa

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Ischemic stroke, caused by cerebral vessel occlusion, presents substantial challenges in medical imaging due to the variability and subtlety of stroke lesions. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role in diagnosing and managing ischemic stroke, yet existing segmentation techniques often fail to accurately delineate lesions. This study introduces a novel deep learning-based method for segmenting ischemic stroke lesions using multi-channel MRI modalities, including Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI), Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), and enhanced Diffusion Weighted Imaging (eDWI). The proposed architecture integrates DenseNet121 as the encoder with Self-Organized Operational Neural Networks (SelfONN) in the decoder, enhanced by Channel and Space Compound Attention (CSCA) and Double Squeeze-and-Excitation (DSE) blocks. Additionally, a custom loss function combining Dice Loss and Jaccard Loss with weighted averages is introduced to improve model performance. Trained and evaluated on the ISLES 2022 dataset, the model achieved Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSC) of 83.88% using DWI alone, 85.86% with DWI and ADC, and 87.49% with the integration of DWI, ADC, and eDWI. This approach not only outperforms existing methods but also addresses key limitations in current segmentation practices. These advancements significantly enhance diagnostic precision and treatment planning for ischemic stroke, providing valuable support for clinical decision-making.

Published
2025

3. Public interest in science or bots? Selective amplification of scientific articles on Twitter

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur, Mohammadi, Ehsan, and Alhoori, Hamed

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Digital Libraries, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

With the remarkable capability to reach the public instantly, social media has become integral in sharing scholarly articles to measure public response. Since spamming by bots on social media can steer the conversation and present a false public interest in given research, affecting policies impacting the public's lives in the real world, this topic warrants critical study and attention. We used the Altmetric dataset in combination with data collected through the Twitter Application Programming Interface (API) and the Botometer API. We combined the data into an extensive dataset with academic articles, several features from the article and a label indicating whether the article had excessive bot activity on Twitter or not. We analyzed the data to see the possibility of bot activity based on different characteristics of the article. We also trained machine-learning models using this dataset to identify possible bot activity in any given article. Our machine-learning models were capable of identifying possible bot activity in any academic article with an accuracy of 0.70. We also found that articles related to "Health and Human Science" are more prone to bot activity compared to other research areas. Without arguing the maliciousness of the bot activity, our work presents a tool to identify the presence of bot activity in the dissemination of an academic article and creates a baseline for future research in this direction., Comment: 38 pages, 10 figures. Aslib Journal of Information Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print

Published
2024
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4. Effects of Crumpling Stage and Porosity of Graphene Electrode on the Performance of Electrochemical Supercapacitor

Author

Khan, Abrar Amin, Rabi, Sazid Noor, Jamee, Tousif, Galib, Musanna, Elahi, Fazle, and Rahman, Ashiqur

Subjects
Physical Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Physical Chemistry, Affordable and Clean Energy, Engineering, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The performance characteristics of supercapacitors composed of crumpled graphene electrodes and aqueous NaCl electrolytes are investigated through Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations using a newly developed crumpled graphene-based supercapacitor model. Results suggest that the three-dimensional configuration of crumpled graphene boosts electrolyte-electrode interaction. This improved interaction, which includes a larger ion-accessible zone, increases the specific capacitance of the supercapacitor by roughly 400% (16.4 μF/cm2) compared to planar graphene electrodes. Examining the effect of different stages of crumpling and the inclusion of pores on the electrode surface shows that the stages of crumpling substantially influence the supercapacitor performance. A smaller crumpling radius, meaning fully crumpled stage, improves the performance as increased crumpling leads to better packing efficiency, which aids in more ion separation. Furthermore, adding pores on the surface of crumpled graphene improves the ion accessibility by creating additional adsorption sites. An exceptional capacitance of 19.8 μF/cm2 is obtained for a porosity of 20%. However, the results suggest that the in-plane-porosity of the electrode needs to be optimized as there is a decline in specific capacitance after that point (20% porosity), indicating a suboptimal relationship between the charge distribution, specific surface area (SSA) and the porosity of the electrode.

Published
2024

5. Cutting through the noise to motivate people: A comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 social media posts de/motivating vaccination

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur, Mohammadi, Ehsan, and Alhoori, Hamed

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant weaknesses in the healthcare information system. The overwhelming volume of misinformation on social media and other socioeconomic factors created extraordinary challenges to motivate people to take proper precautions and get vaccinated. In this context, our work explored a novel direction by analyzing an extensive dataset collected over two years, identifying the topics de/motivating the public about COVID-19 vaccination. We analyzed these topics based on time, geographic location, and political orientation. We noticed that while the motivating topics remain the same over time and geographic location, the demotivating topics change rapidly. We also identified that intrinsic motivation, rather than external mandate, is more advantageous to inspire the public. This study addresses scientific communication and public motivation in social media. It can help public health officials, policymakers, and social media platforms develop more effective messaging strategies to cut through the noise of misinformation and educate the public about scientific findings., Comment: 51 pages, 13 figures, 12 tables. Accepted at Natural Language Processing Journal

Published
2024
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10. Visualizing Relation Between (De)Motivating Topics and Public Stance toward COVID-19 Vaccine

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur and Alhoori, Hamed

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Information Retrieval
Abstract

While social media plays a vital role in communication nowadays, misinformation and trolls can easily take over the conversation and steer public opinion on these platforms. We saw the effect of misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic when public health officials faced significant push-back while trying to motivate the public to vaccinate. To tackle the current and any future threats in emergencies and motivate the public towards a common goal, it is essential to understand how public motivation shifts and which topics resonate among the general population. In this study, we proposed an interactive visualization tool to inspect and analyze the topics that resonated among Twitter-sphere during the COVID-19 pandemic and understand the key factors that shifted public stance for vaccination. This tool can easily be generalized for any scenario for visual analysis and to increase the transparency of social media data for researchers and the general population alike.

Published
2023
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19. Indoor Navigation Support System for Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases

Author

Biswas, Milon, Rahman, Ashiqur, Kaiser, M. Shamim, Al Mamun, Shamim, Ebne Mizan, K. Shayekh, Islam, Mohammad Shahidul, Mahmud, Mufti, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Mahmud, Mufti, editor, Kaiser, M Shamim, editor, Vassanelli, Stefano, editor, Dai, Qionghai, editor, and Zhong, Ning, editor

Published
2021
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22. Biological macromolecules as antimicrobial agents

Author

Shahruzzaman, Md., primary, Hossain, Shafiul, additional, Ahmed, Tanvir, additional, Kabir, Sumaya F., additional, Minhajul Islam, Md., additional, Rahman, Ashiqur, additional, Sazedul Islam, Md., additional, Sultana, Sabrina, additional, and Rahman, Mohammed Mizanur, additional

Published
2022
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24. List of contributors

Author

Abo Dena, Ahmed S., primary, Acquah, Caleb, additional, Ahmed, Tanvir, additional, Ajit, Azilah, additional, Al-Awthan, Yahya S., additional, Albuquerque, Tânia, additional, Anil, Sukumaran, additional, Apolonio–Hernandez, Nuvia Marina, additional, Atanase, Leonard Ionut, additional, Bahattab, Omar, additional, Behera, Anindita, additional, Bilal, Muhammad, additional, Bugarski, Branko, additional, Campa-Mada, A.C., additional, Carbajal-Valenzuela, Ireri Alejandra, additional, Carvajal-Millan, E., additional, Chen, Long, additional, Cheng, Wai Teng, additional, Colmenarez Lobo, Custodiana A., additional, Costa, Diana, additional, Costa, Eduardo, additional, Dalavi, Pandurang Appana, additional, Danquah, Michael K., additional, De Anda-Flores, Y., additional, Deshmukh, Harshal, additional, Dhara, Amal Kumar, additional, El-Sherbiny, Ibrahim M., additional, Faria, Rúben, additional, Feregrino-Pérez, Ana Angelica, additional, Figueroa-Pizano, M.D., additional, Gamage, D.A.S., additional, González-Arias, Beatriz, additional, Govindan, Natanamurugaraj, additional, Guevara-González, Ramón Gerardo, additional, Gutierrez-Chavez, Diana Vanesa, additional, Hasnain, Md Saquib, additional, Hossain, Shafiul, additional, Imran, Muhammad, additional, Iqbal, Hafiz M.N., additional, Jeevanandam, Jaison, additional, Jimenez-Hernandez, Alejandra, additional, Jin, Zhengyu, additional, Kabir, Sumaya F., additional, Kanny, Krishnan, additional, Lakkakula, Jaya, additional, Lizardi-Mendoza, J., additional, Machado, Manuela, additional, Madhujith, T., additional, Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, additional, Manzano, Verónica E., additional, Martínez-López, A.L., additional, Martínez-Robinson, K.G., additional, McClements, David Julian, additional, Miao, Ming, additional, Milivojevic, Milan, additional, Minhajul Islam, Md., additional, Mok Tsze Chung, Aurelie Sarah, additional, Mubarak, Mohammad S., additional, Muhammad, Naveed, additional, Munir, Hira, additional, Murugan, Sesha Subramanian, additional, Nayak, Amit Kumar, additional, Neves, Ana R., additional, Olatunde, Ahmed, additional, Pajic-Lijakovic, Ivana, additional, Pal, Dilipkumar, additional, Papagiannopoulos, Aristeidis, additional, Pintado, Manuela, additional, Popa, Marcel, additional, Qamar, Sarmad Ahmad, additional, Quintela, Telma, additional, Racovita, Stefania, additional, Rafeeq, Hamza, additional, Rahim, Mohd Hasbi Ab., additional, Rahman, Ashiqur, additional, Rahman, Mohammed Mizanur, additional, Raj, Khushboo, additional, Rane, Ajay Vasudeo, additional, Rascón-Chu, A., additional, Rauf, Abdur, additional, Repetto, Evangelina, additional, Rico-García, Enrique, additional, Saha, Supriyo, additional, Sazedul Islam, Md., additional, Shahruzzaman, Md., additional, Silva, Sara, additional, Sousa, Ângela, additional, Sulaiman, Ahmad Ziad, additional, Sultana, Sabrina, additional, Tan, Joash Ban Lee, additional, Tanori-Cordova, J., additional, Teo, Yong Kiat, additional, Tiwari, Himja, additional, torres-Pacheco, Irineo, additional, Tufail, Tabussam, additional, Vasiliu, Silvia, additional, Venkatesan, Jayachandran, additional, Vlassi, Eleni, additional, Wagh, Nilesh Shirish, additional, Wedamulla, N.E., additional, Yadav, Deepti, additional, and Yang, Zhongyu, additional

Published
2022
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25. Contributors

Author

Afrin, Samia, primary, Aftab, Tariq, additional, Ahmad, Bilal, additional, Ahmed, Khan Bilal Mukhtar, additional, Alam, Mahabub, additional, Alam, Md. Jahangir, additional, Ali, Akbar, additional, Anika, Salma, additional, Dalvi, Sunil, additional, Dantu, Prem Kumar, additional, del Mastro, Nelida L., additional, Dina, Rasheda Begum, additional, Faraz, Ahmad, additional, Haque, Papia, additional, Haque, Wahida, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Afzal, additional, Hossain, Shafiul, additional, Idrees, M., additional, Islam, Md. Didarul, additional, Ithape, Dinesh, additional, Jahan, Ajmat, additional, Kabir, Sumaya F., additional, Kanak, Nishat Anzum, additional, Khan, M. Masroor A., additional, Khanam, Nausheen, additional, Masud, Rifat Ara, additional, Mukarram, Mohammad, additional, Mukta, Nasima Akter, additional, Naeem, M., additional, Rahman, Ashiqur, additional, Rahman, Md. Wasikur, additional, Rana, Md. Sohel, additional, Sadiq, Yawar, additional, Shabbir, Asfia, additional, Shahruzzaman, Md., additional, Shourove, Jahid Hasan, additional, Siddiqui, Husna, additional, Sultana, Sabrina, additional, Suprasanna, Penna, additional, Uddin, Moin, additional, Wani, Kartiki, additional, and Yeasmin, Farzana, additional

Published
2022
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27. The Impact of Remittances on Food Inflation in Bangladesh: An ARDL Approach.

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur, Sumi, Afroza Akter, and Sadekin, Md. Nazmus

Subjects
FOOD consumption, IMMIGRANTS, COINTEGRATION, ACQUISITION of data
Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate how Bangladesh's food inflation is affected by remittance influx. Methodology: The analysis utilizes secondary data collected from 2005 to 2022. In order to accomplish the goals, this study employs the food inflation rate as an endogenous variable, while workers' remittance, official exchange rate, and broad money supply are used as exogenous factors. The data is sourced from the World Development Index (WDI). In this investigation, co-integration is assessed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to provide an accurate outcome. Findings: The study's findings show that, both in the short and long term, the influx of remittances from migrants has a positive and considerable impact on driving up food inflation. This analysis shows that while having a negative short-term impact, the money supply and exchange rate have a long-term, positive, and considerable influence on food inflation. Application of the Study: This research proposes that promoting agricultural output and motivating recipients of remittances to invest in income-generating activities can effectively reduce their reliance on food consumption. If these recommendations are effectively followed, the inflow of workers' remittances will have a positive impact on the economy and contribute to reducing inflationary challenges. Originality of the study: By employing the most recent data set and cutting-edge methodology, the present research adds to the body of available research by demonstrating a link between food inflation and remittances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. An Efficient Recognition Method for Handwritten Arabic Numerals Using CNN with Data Augmentation and Dropout

Author

Ashiquzzaman, Akm, Tushar, Abdul Kawsar, Rahman, Ashiqur, Mohsin, Farzana, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Balas, Valentina Emilia, editor, Sharma, Neha, editor, and Chakrabarti, Amlan, editor

Published
2019
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35. Assessing Student Satisfaction and Improving Efficiency: A Study on University Cafeteria.

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur

Subjects
SATISFACTION, RESTAURANTS, UNIVERSITIES & colleges, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH evaluation, FOOD service, CHI-squared test, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, STUDENTS, COLLEGE students, QUALITY assurance, STUDENT attitudes, ALGORITHMS, EMPLOYEE attitudes
Abstract

The university cafeteria is a crucial element in shaping students' dining experiences and their physical well-being. This study was conducted at a public university in Bangladesh. This research has a dual purpose: firstly, to assess student satisfaction with the university cafeteria using key indicators and secondly, to identify critical factors influencing this satisfaction through advanced data analysis employing recursive feature elimination (RFE). The ultimate goal is to enhance cafeteria services, align them with student preferences, and boost overall satisfaction. Data collection involved 150 paper-based questionnaires with mixed data types, including questions based on prior research assessments. The model-building process included the chi-squared test and the recursive feature elimination process. The study identifies 12 factors significantly affecting cafeteria food satisfaction, with four factors having a notable impact: meal type and freshness, staff attitude, and wait length. This research highlights the interconnectedness of seemingly distinct cafeteria factors and their potential to influence health outcomes. Practical recommendations are made for improving cafeteria efficiency and adapting to changing student needs. Health education interventions aimed at enhancing the cafeteria experience for university students should include a quantitative analysis of factors impacting students' overall cafeteria satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. List of Contributors

Author

Ahmed, Iftikhar, primary, Amirul Islam, M., additional, Anand, M., additional, Aslam, Ambreen, additional, Bilad, Muhammad Roil, additional, Chamy, Rolando, additional, Cheirsilp, Benjamas, additional, Choo, Min-Yee, additional, Córdova, Olivia, additional, Fazal, Tahir, additional, Faizal, Che Ku Mohammad, additional, Franco Morgado, M., additional, García, D., additional, González-Sánchez, A., additional, Hakim Wirzal, Mohd Dzul, additional, Han, Pei, additional, Iqbal, Javed, additional, Jiao, Kailin, additional, Jing, Keju, additional, Juan, Joon Ching, additional, Karim, Ahasanul, additional, Kassim, Mohd Asyraf, additional, Khalid, Zaied Bin, additional, Khan, Md Maksudur Rahman, additional, Kornaros, Michael, additional, Koutra, Eleni, additional, Kumar, Shishir, additional, Leam, Jia Jia, additional, Lee, Hwei Voon, additional, Li, Jingjing, additional, Ling, Tau Chuan, additional, Lin, Lu, additional, Lu, Qian, additional, Lu, Yinghua, additional, Mandik, Yohanis Irenius, additional, Manirafasha, Emmanuel, additional, Méndez-Acosta, H.O., additional, Mishra, Sandhya, additional, Mu, Dongyan, additional, Murwanashyaka, Theophile, additional, Nawaz, Tabish, additional, Ndikubwimana, Theoneste, additional, Ng, Eng-Poh, additional, Oi, Lee Eng, additional, Pancha, Imran, additional, Pandey, Ashok, additional, Park, Won-Kun, additional, Pollio, Antonino, additional, Rahman, Ashiqur, additional, Ram, Shristi, additional, Ranjitha, J., additional, Rashid, Naim, additional, Rehman, Fahad, additional, Sahoo, Dianbandhu, additional, Saif Ur Rehman, Muhammad, additional, Sakarika, Myrsini, additional, Selvaratnam, Thinesh, additional, Serejo, M.L., additional, Shan, Ali, additional, Srinuanpan, Sirasit, additional, Steyer, Jean-Philippe, additional, Sun, Yong, additional, Kean Meng, Tan, additional, Tang, Xing, additional, Terpou, Antonia, additional, Toledo-Cervantes, A., additional, Tsafrakidou, Panagiota, additional, Ummalyma, Sabeela Beevi, additional, Vamsi Bharadwaj, S.V., additional, Vijayalakshmi, S., additional, Wibisono, Yusuf, additional, Xin, Chunhua, additional, Xu, Yuanchao, additional, Yousuf, Abu, additional, Zaman, Qamar uz, additional, Zeng, Xianhai, additional, Zhou, Wenguang, additional, and Zuccaro, Gaetano, additional

Published
2020
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44. Textile Industry Revolution: Affordable IoT-Integrated SIMS for Efficient Warehousing.

Author

Sakib, Md. Sadman, Hasan Mojumder, Md. Mehedi, Alam, Abid Easanul, Haider, Ahmed Muhiminul, Sami, Saib khan, Bappi, Shiful Islam, and Rahman, Ashiqur

Subjects
TEXTILE industry, INDUSTRIAL revolution, WAREHOUSING & storage, INTERNET of things, DIGITAL technology
Abstract

This paper explores the transformative impact of implementing a specialized Smart Inventory Management System (SIMS) empowered by the Internet of Things (IoT) in the textile industry. SIMS brings about a significant paradigm shift by optimizing spatial utilization and redefining traditional inventory processes, making advanced warehouse management accessible and affordable for businesses of all sizes. Our SIMS implementation features a cost-effective integration of an alert system, resulting in substantial savings. This proactive system ensures quick responses to inventory needs, minimizing downtime in production by expediting material retrieval. The affordability achieved through this integration makes SIMS an attractive option for textile manufacturers seeking to enhance warehouse management efficiency. Tailored for the textile sector, SIMS excels in controlling inventory, streamlining order processing, and managing deliveries. The dynamic environment enabled by IoT technology allows businesses to maximize warehouse space usage without incurring excessive costs. This comprehensive and affordable solution represents a significant step towards democratizing access to advanced inventory management tools, empowering textile businesses to thrive in the digital age. In summary, our SIMS implementation in the textile industry not only achieves substantial cost reduction but also fosters a more inclusive and efficient future for warehouse management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

45. Determinants of SME Finance: Evidence from Three Central European Countries

Author

Rahman Ashiqur, Rahman M. Twyeafur, and Belas Jaroslav

Subjects
access to finance, smes, czech republic, slovak republic, hungary, g21, o16, Economics as a science, HB71-74
Abstract

This paper explores the determinants of access to finance for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the context of three Central European countries: Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, and Hungary. The data set of the research is obtained from the BEEPS survey, which is conducted by the World Bank and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. This paper empirically analyses firms not only from the SMEs point of view, but also shows results for micro, small and medium enterprises separately. Additionally, we have analysed the determinants of access to finance for SMEs at each country level for an in-depth understanding of country-level variations in SME financing. The results indicate that micro firms and firms owned and operated by women are experiencing a shortage of credits from banks. On the other hand, we found a positive relationship between the pledge of collateral and access to finance. With respect to the medium firms, we found evidence that innovative firms have a larger amount of credit from banks. The empirical results also suggest that the loan size increases as the interest rates increase in particular for SMEs on the whole and for micro-firms, although the interest rate is in a negative relationship with the loan size in Czech Republic.

Published
2017
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46. The Effectiveness of Micro-credit Programmes Focusing on Household Income, Expenditure and Savings: Evidence From Bangladesh

Author

Choudhury Haque Ariful, Das Atanu, and Rahman Ashiqur

Subjects
MFIs, Collateral, Poverty, ASA, BRAC, Grameen Bank, Bangladesh, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

This paper assesses the effectiveness of microfinance on household income, expenditure and savings. The survey examined those borrowers who had successfully completed at least three cycles of a loan. A household level survey (N=3000) was carried out to collect information about individuals receiving microcredit from one of the largest NGOs, ASA. The authors employed a multiple regression and discovered that the microcredit programme of ASA has a significant positive impact on household income, expenditures and savings. Moreover, the paper reveals that the level of education plays an important and statistically significant role in increasing the household income, expenditure and savings. Hence, the ASA microcredit programme has a positive impact on reducing poverty in Bangladesh and enhancing the competitiveness of deprived rural and urban households in improving their standard of living.

Published
2017
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50. The Effect of Quantitative Easing on the Financial Market in Canada

Author

Rahman, Ashiqur

Subjects
Economics, Bank of Canada, Canadian Financial Market, QE, Asset Purchases, Finance, Monetary Policy
Abstract

This empirical study examines the effects of quantitative easing (QE) on the Canadian financial market. Specifically, the study focuses on the Bank of Canada's Government of Canada Bond Purchase Program (GBPP), conducted during COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022. I use two analytical methods, e.g., event study and time series analysis, to quantify the impact of the Bank of Canada's large asset purchases on the 10-year government bond yield's term premium. The results indicate that the Bank of Canada's $260 billion asset purchases in 2020 would reduce the 10-year term premium by 34 basis points, which suggests the significant impact of quantitative easing on the term premium. Furthermore, the study finds that QE has a portfolio balance effect by reducing the yields on other non-government assets. The findings of this study constitute a significant contribution to the current discourse regarding the use of QE as a monetary policy tool and have implications for future policy decisions related to monetary policy in the Canadian economy.

Published
2023

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