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Polylactic acid (PLA)-graft-Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) was grafted using Maleic Anhydride (MA) as a grafting agent. Different concentrations of MA (5-20 phr) were used to prepare the PLA-graft-ENR (PLA-g-ENR) compatibilizer. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) was used as an initiator to initiate radicals for the grafting process. The graft compatibilizer was analyzed qualitatively using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The grafting percentage of PLA-g-ENR was calculated quantitatively using the Soxhlet extraction method with different solvents to extract PLA and ENR separately. The concentration of 15phr MA achieved the highest grafting percentage and promoted higher compatibilization efficiency in PLA/ENR blend. FTIR results show a successful grafting reaction of MA between PLA and ENR via the presence of a succinic anhydride ring. PLA-g-ENR compatibilizer grafted with 15phr of MA was used to compatibilized PLA/ENR blend. The effect of compatibilizers loading on the mechanical properties of the PLA/ENR blend was investigated via a tensile test. The tensile properties of the PLA/ENR blend improved with PLA-g-ENR more than the non-compatibilized blend. The loading of PLA-g-ENR compatibilizer, 3wt%, is recommended for enhancing tensile characteristics, particularly break elongation, which is efficiently grafted employing 15phr MA as a grafting agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite type ceramics Ba0.8Sr0.2Ti0.96Sn0.04O3, a relaxor composition prepared through solid state reaction route and calcinated at temperature is 1400°C for 3 hours with intermediate mixing. The room temperature XRD study suggests that all the samples have the tetragonal symmetry with space group p4mm. The pellets were sintered at 1400°C for 3 hrs. The dielectric measurements at different frequency show that dielectric constant increases near Tc. Loss factor was decreased with increasing temperature but continue to increase as the temperature further increase above 100°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report a low temperature biopolymer sol-gel route to synthesise these garnet materials using Agar, with the formation of the garnet phase at temperatures 1000 °C ~ 1100 °C, with single phase samples of cubic Li7La3Zr2O12. XRD measurement shows that the complete formation of cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 with 10% excess of lithium is at 1000°C, which is ~100°C lower than the addition of 30% excess lithium which is at 1100°C. However, the conductivity plot shows the conductivity of the Li7La3Zr2O12 with 30% lithium excess contributed in high Li+ conductivity compared with Li7La3Zr2O12 with 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report a garnet-type lithium-ion conductor with the chemical formula of Li7La3Ce2O12 that prepared by conventional solid-state synthesis route. A pure phase of cubic garnet-type Li7La3Ce2O12 was obtained at 900°C for 12 hours with intermittence grindings. Purity of the samples were confirmed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The electrical properties of the samples wereanalyzed using Impedance Spectroscopy (IS) technique. Results show that the electrical conductivity in Li7La3Ce2O12 is dominated by bulk effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the Ba(Sn0.05Zr0.01Ti0.94)O3 ceramic has been synthesized by using conventional solid state reaction route sintered at 1450 °C. The X-ray diffraction analysis shown that the sample exhibited tetragonal structure at room temperature. The dielectric constant shows that there are two phase transition temperatures around 46 °C (To-t) and 70 °C (Tc). The dielectric constant reached maximum at Tc about 3200. The electrical properties of the sample were dominated by the grain effect. An incomplete semicircle arc was observed in the complex impedance and electric modulus plot. The dielectric loss remained similar value around room temperature, To-t and Tc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building Industries contributes to a great number of carbon footprint through all these years. Through a proper planning, this industry can reduce the impacts to the earth generally and towards the environment specifically. This study was dedicated to propose an old traditional design found in 400 years building to be reapplied in modern construction as a "passive design" system. Raised timber flooring was commonly applied in South East Asia's traditional buildings due to the availability of the material and suitability for the climate. Masjid Kampung Laut was chosen as the case study due to its excellent reputation compared to the age period of the building. Till this moment, Masjid Kampung Laut is still function very well and benefit excellently to the community where it was located; Nilam Puri, Kelantan. This study was conducted in qualitative method, involving several types of data collection. The intention of this research whereby proposing towards the architects, designers, developers, engineers, and all the main players in the construction industry to reuse the design element of "raised floor" in modern buildings such as residentials, resorts and hospitality, mosques, retails, transit shelters and terminals, restaurants, schools, office buildings and etc. This revolution in design will at the end push the authorities to consider the design to be used in government buildings, as it also represent our architectural identity, energy sustainable, as well benefits the environment. In conclusion, the traditional architecture element of raised timber flooring could be redesigned and recommercialised to suit the future buildings. This design should be given a chance as it surely can benefit the building itself, the users, and the environment globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to focus on some important aspects of the use of cordless screwdrivers in situations of work. Emphasizes on comfort while user uses cordless screwdriver. Descriptors of comfort in the use of hand tools have been collected from interviews. Functionality and physical interaction have been found to be the most important comfort factors in using a screwdriver. The ergonomically modified screwdriver handle provides greater operational efficiency. The findings of this research is significant in contemplating on the differences between discomfort and comfort. Cordless Screwdriver with built-in power of 3.7 kilowatts has been established. A better battery, with a voltage display, was made comfortable for consumers. In addition, the soft grip handle will allow the consumer to have a relaxed grip when using the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays horticulture therapy become worldwide practice and have been identified that it is a successful treatment mostly towards all types of abilities and ages where have been practices within the various type of institutional. Edible landscaping also puts forward a productive landscaping option as this type of landscape integrates food-producing plant selection to be applied to conventional landscape designs. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of horticultural therapy on the psychological, physical, cognitive function, and quality of life among elderly in Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE) Kemumin, Kelantan. A new landscape plan for the green space at Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE) Kemumin is designed which is aimed at having beneficial effects towards elderly people especially on the scope of horticultural therapy through edible garden concept. Besides, the site study is analyzed by carrying out the checklist through the elements of horticultural therapy in the edible garden which are classified into three main topics including physical attributes, biological attributes, and also social attributes indirectly, those findings are considered and also being incorporated in the landscape project proposal. The main idea of the project is to developing and design a regular feeling in the essential area of the garden which indirectly is an alternative for spare time prevails, the therapy processes within nature, and also to gain the memories of the elderly people's lives. New master planning of edible garden for horticultural therapy towards the Pusat Aktiviti Warga Emas (PAWE) Kemumin being produced in a way to achieve the main point that being carry on from the aims and objectives of the study. Other than that, the layout of the garden created in a clear and simple layout, also visible and clear view while, the design eases the disorientation and creates a series of activities that can boost the senses which the users can experience at the center of PAWE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support is one of the most important elements for a disabled entrepreneur to grow a business. However, this support is not only financial in nature but consists of various other needs. In fact, the support medium is not only the government but also NGO and others. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the objective of the study, which is to explore the support received by entrepreneurs with disability to grow the business. The second objective is to understand the situation experienced by people with disabilities in start business. Therefore, this study was conducted through qualitative methods using a semi-structured interview approach involving 8 informants consisting of disabled entrepreneurs to obtain research information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biophilic design is an innovative way of designing a space to bring about sense of connection to nature through various mean of approaches. Today, there are various studies and researches done with proven empirical evidences to examine the benefits and impacts of biophilic design to our health and well-being. With growing interest in biophilic design, increase in its usage can be seen implemented abundantly in spaces and buildings nowadays. Aim of this study is to examine various biophilic design that can be used in communal spaces of office building based on existing researches from other countries and to observe how biophilic design elements and attributes are implemented and adapted to address the climatic context of the selected case study in Malaysia and occupant's perception on its effects towards them with possible identification of preferred biophilic design in the tropical climate context. The study will focus on selected case study of office building, which is Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia (PAM) Centre at Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur. The findings show that visual connection with nature attribute in biophilic design of a space is the one most agreed to provide the best outcome towards the occupants through its implementation in a space, based on survey study conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Edible Garden Project is a special group innovation project designed for the patients at Klinik Kesihatan Tanjung Malim (KKTM) under the Psychosocial Rehabilitation Program (PSR) especially individuals with mental health problems, elderly and disabled. The project can be looked as a module and useful alternative therapy for PSR in order to speed up the recovery process, including self-expression, sensory stimulation, social interaction as well as practicing fine and gross motor skills along with eye-hand coordination. In addition, this project will also aim to develop the potential for KKTM as a reference hub in innovation therapy as well as being a recreational or social activities related to the surrounding community. The program is based on the involvement of community volunteers consisting of lectures and students, employees and patients undergoing treatment in KKTM along with an expert from the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) to share and disseminate knowledge on edible garden and their innovation on therapeutic benefits. The main emphasis of the project was given to the development of an attractive and well-planned edible garden design as well as to promote horticulture therapy benefits with the selection of plant species through short-term crop rotation between one to six months. Overall, the program seeks to create a community agent of transformation towards a more dynamic and quality in line with the objectives outlined in 3Qs Perak Amanjaya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acceptance of modern design and architecture is potentially seen contributing to the redevelopment of towns or cities. This may have resulted in the negligence of historic buildings in these places. Among methods or approaches in conserving and preserving historic buildings against disastrous threats and modernisation is through adaptive reusing of the buildings, or better known as the adaptive reuse approach. It is commonly known that many historic buildings conserved are reused or turned into museums, business premises, offices, restaurants, hotels, boarding houses and other public amenities. In Malaysia, this approach has been applied in various cities and towns, including Kota Bharu, Kelantan. This type of application, however, needs to be comprehensively understood by all parties involved so as to achieve the objectives of conservation. This study aims at surveying and reviewing several historic buildings that have been reused in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. In addition, this paper will also discuss the involvement of local authorities in the conservation and preservation of historic buildings in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The research methods employed in the data collection of this study are the library research and a fieldwork involving observations. It is found in this study that several historic buildings in Kota Bharu, Kelantan have been reused with new functions. Another finding also discovers that the restored historic buildings are mainly located in the city centre of Kota Bharu and they have become tourist attractions. In this context, the adaptive reuse approach seems to have helped sustain the heritage of historic buildings in Kota Bharu. It can be concluded that there have been comprehensive efforts by the local authorities in conserving and 'resurrecting' the historic buildings through their new functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practical use of ceramic membrane has been limited by their fabrication technique and brittleness. Nowadays, phase inversion and sintering technique for ceramic membrane fabrication has been received widely attention. However, the unavoidable unstable structure for fabrication of flat-sheet ceramic membrane using this technique is still becoming an issue. To overcome this problem, in this paper, flat-sheet ceramic membrane have been developed via modified phase inversion and sintering technique using kaolin as main ceramic material, polyethersulfone (PESf) as the polymeric binder and N-methylpyyrolidone (NMP) as the solvent, respectively. The modified phase inversion has been done by adding drying process before the immersion into solvent. The influence of kaolin composition (60-80g) and drying temperature (room temperature and 3°C) have been investigated extensively to optimize the preparation. The results showed that the ceramic membrane prepared at 80g kaolin composition with drying temperature of 3°C displayed the highest bending strength of 53.1g with excellent BSA and humic acid rejection. Therefore, this study proved that the problem of unstable fabrication technique for flat-sheet ceramic membrane can be solved via modified phase inversion through the influence of high composition and low drying temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focus on optimization of assembly process using DFMA on portable bluetooth speaker. However, the problem regarding this speaker is it comes with box shaped that is outdate and bulky. It also does not resistant to water as it limited to dry places only. The objectives of this paper are to redesign a much compact and sleek looking portable bluetooth speaker that meets the needs of the music lovers and to assure the speaker to be water resistant. The design of portable bluetooth speaker is using CAD software and then transfer to Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to analyses the capabilities of part design. At the end of this paper, this research will give understanding about design using CAD software and do analysis that improved the portable bluetooth speaker. Hence, Sonic Gear Pandora Mini Portable Bluetooth Speaker in grey colour was chosen as a benchmark in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal comfort and ventilation needs of occupants have been achieved successfully with the perfect solution by means of Malay vernacular architecture design. Ventilation have always been a major design element that needs to be thoroughly planned especially in Malay vernacular architecture in order to provide thermal comfort to the occupants. Amongst the various factors that affects ventilation in Malay vernacular architecture are the availability of multiple windows and openings, orientation of the building, roof design as well as variety of floors that contributes to further enhance the thermal comfort of the occupants. Thus, modern development needs to incorporate the suitable elements and applications for ventilation based on the design solutions provided by the Malay vernacular architecture into their designs. A study on vernacular ventilation assists in reinstating the relevance of its application in providing the most efficient thermal comfort to the occupants. The main focus of this research paper is to investigate the applications and significance of ventilation in Malay vernacular architecture as it could further assists designers in the future to provide modern developments that are more feasible in its design specifically on its thermal comfort. This research will provide adequate case studies and ethnographic observations to further enhance the understanding of Malay vernacular architecture ventilation elements whereby the researcher would act as a participant during the process. This research is aimed to change future architects and designers approach in planning and designing more feasible ventilated contemporary buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For this project, it is focused on redesign the original product and analysis the product which is the Speedy Chopper. The Speedy Chopper was inverted in year 2015. The chopper mainly used for chopping and preparing food in preparation of cooking. It is also used for mixing and whipping. Firstly, the objective of this project is same as the original product which are to make a tool that can chop food and vegetables, user friendly operating, to save time when chopping the food and to reduce usage of electricity. As redesign the original product is on the mechanism of the product where the original product is using the string that need to be pull several times to chop the input in the speedy chopper. So, the new design is using a rotating handle mechanism and it is reducing the quantity of the part from the original product. In addition, engineering analysis will be conducted such as the product analysis, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), sustainability of product and cost analysis before and after improvement of the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creativity and innovation in any organization are vital to its successful performance. Innovate a product have to consists of many different process of design. The flow of design such as identifying the problem of the product, determining the objective of the research, identifying the customer needs, undergoing survey and analysis data to get the list of metrics. Besides that, house of quality and concept generation will help the research to get know whether the design is full fill the customer needs or not. Concept testing will help to identify the final concept selection. Modelling of the final concept can help to show the target marketing to give their own response on this research. Customer needs can help to make the product undergo further improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]