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1. Environmental shedding of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile by asymptomatic carriers: A prospective observational study

Author

Amital, Howard, Beni, Sharon, Ben-Zvi, Ilan, Blausov, Natasha, Brom, Adi, Cohen, Carmit, Feld-Simon, Olga, Fluss, Ronen, Gilboa, Mayan, Eden-Friedman, Yehudit, Halevy, Shiraz, Houri-Levi, Esther, Hupert, Amit, Jbarien, Amnah, Keller, Naty, Leibowitz, Avshalom, Mayan, Haim, Maizels, Leonid, Meltzer, Eyal, Pinas-Zade, Nani, Rahav, Galia, Raibman-Spector, Shir, Regev-Yochay (PI), Gili, Romiantsev, Marina, Shachar, Dalit, Sharif, Kassem, Segal, Gadi, Segal, Shoshi, Segev, Amitai, Smollan, Gill, Stienlauf, Shmuel, Tal, Ilana, Yonath, Hagit, Zilberman-Daniels, Tal, Zimlichman, Eyal, Gilboa, M., Houri-Levi, E., Cohen, C., Tal, I., Rubin, C., Feld-Simon, O., Brom, A., Eden-Friedman, Y., Segal, S., Rahav, G., and Regev-Yochay, G.

Published
2020
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3. Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infectious diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals

Author

Abbo, L., Abgueguen, P., Almirante, B., Azzini, A.M., Bani-Sadr, F., Bassetti, M., Ben-Ami, R., Beović, B., Béraud, G., Botelho-Nevers, E., Bou, G., Boutoille, D., Cabié, A., Cacopardo, B., Cascio, A., Cassir, N., Castelli, F., Cecala, M., Charmillon, A., Chirouze, C., Cisneros, J.M., Colmenero, J.D., Coppola, N., Corcione, S., Daikos, G.L., Dalla Gasperina, D., De la Calle Cabrera, C., Delobel, P., Di Caprio, D., Durante Mangoni, E., Dupon, M., Ettahar, N., Falagas, M.E., Falcone, M., Fariñas, M.C., Faure, E., Forestier, E., Foti, G., Gallagher, J., Gattuso, G., Gendrin, V., Gentile, I., Giacobbe, D.R., Gogos, C.A., Grandiere Perez, L., Hansmann, Y., Horcajada, J.P., Iacobello, C., Jacob, J.T., Justo, J.A., Kernéis, S., Komnos, A., Kotnik Kevorkijan, B., Lebeaux, D., Le Berre, R., Lechiche, C., Le Moxing, V., Lescure, F.X., Libanore, M., Martinot, M., Merino de Lucas, E., Mondain, V., Mondello, P., Montejo, M., Mootien, J., Muñoz, P., Nir-Paz, R., Pan, A., Paño-Pardo, J.R., Patel, G., Paul, M., Pérez Rodríguez, M.T., Piroth, L., Pogue, J., Potoski, B.A., Pourcher, V., Pyrpasopoulou, A., Rahav, G., Rizzi, M., Rodríguez-Baño, J., Salavert, M., Scheetz, M., Sims, M., Spahija, G., Stefani, S., Stefos, A., Tamma, P.D., Tattevin, P., Tedesco, A., Torre-Cisneros, J., Tripolitsioti, P., Tsiodras, S., Uomo, G., Verdon, R., Viale, P., Vitrat, V., Weinberger, M., Wiener-Well, Y., Papst, L., Pulcini, C., Durante-Mangoni, E., Kaye, K.S., and Raka, L.

Published
2018
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11. Automated processing of thermal imaging to detect COVID-19 and microvascular dysfunction

Author

Brzezinski, R Y, primary, Rabin, N, additional, Lewis, N, additional, Peled, R, additional, Tsur, A, additional, Kerpel, A, additional, Marom, E M, additional, Shenhar-Tsarfaty, S, additional, Naftali-Shani, N, additional, Rahav, G, additional, Grossman, E M, additional, Zimmer, Y, additional, Ovadia-Blechman, Z, additional, Leor, J, additional, and Hoffer, O, additional

Published
2021
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13. The Impact of Carbapenem Resistance on Mortality in Patients With Klebsiella Pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of 1952 Patients

Author

Maraolo, A.E. Corcione, S. Grossi, A. Signori, A. Alicino, C. Hussein, K. Trecarichi, E.M. Viale, P. Timsit, J.-F. Veeraraghavan, B. Villegas, M.V. Rahav, G. Daikos, G.L. Vardakas, K.Z. Roilides, E. Uhlemann, A.-C. Ghafur, A.K. Mornese Pinna, S. Bassetti, M. Kohler, P.P. Giacobbe, D.R.

Abstract

Introduction: Available evidence from observational studies and meta-analyses has highlighted an increased mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bloodstream infections (BSI) compared with their carbapenem-susceptible (CSKP) counterparts, but the exact reasons for this outcome difference are still to be determined. Methods: We updated the search of a previous meta-analysis through four databases up to April 2018. A two-stage individual-patient data (IPD) meta-analysis was conducted, building an adjusting model to account for age, comorbidities and activity of empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (identifier: CRD42018104256). Results: IPD data were obtained from 14 out of 28 eligible observational studies. A total of 1952 patients were investigated: 1093 in the CRKP group and 859 in the CSKP group. Patients with CRKP-BSI had a twofold risk of death compared with CSKP-infected patients [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56–3.04; I2 = 44.1%]. Mortality was higher in patients with CRKP BSI, in both the subgroup of absent/inactive (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.24–2.47; I2 = 0) and of active initial therapy (aOR 2.66; 95% CI 1.70–4.16; I2 = 16%) as well as in case of active targeted therapy (aOR 2.21; 95% CI 1.36–3.59; I2 = 58%). Conclusion: Resistance to carbapenem is associated with worse outcome in patients with BSI by Klebsiella pneumoniae even adjusting for comorbidities and treatment appropriateness according to in vitro activity of empirical and targeted therapy. This applies to a scenario dominated by colistin-based therapies for CRKP. Further studies are needed to compare the mortality difference between CRKP and CSKP cases in the light of new anti-CRKP antimicrobials. © 2021, The Author(s).

Published
2021

15. Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infectious diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals

Author

Papst, Lea, Beović, Bojana, Pulcini, Céline, Durante-Mangoni, Emanuele, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Kaye, Keith S, Daikos, George L, Raka, Lul, Paul, Mical, Esgap, Esgbis, ESGIE and the CRGNB treatment survey study group collaborators: Abbo, L, Abgueguen, P, Almirante, B, Azzini, Am, Bani-Sadr, F, Bassetti, M, Ben-Ami, R, Beović, B, Béraud, G, Botelho-Nevers, E, Bou, G, Boutoille, D, Cabié, A, Cacopardo, B, Cascio, A, Cassir, N, Castelli, F, Cecala, M, Charmillon, A, Chirouze, C, Cisneros, Jm, Colmenero, Jd, Coppola, N, Corcione, S, Daikos, Gl, Dalla Gasperina, D, De la Calle Cabrera, C, Delobel, P, Di Caprio, D, Durante Mangoni, E, Dupon, M, Ettahar, N, Falagas, Me, Falcone, M, Fariñas, Mc, Faure, E, Forestier, E, Foti, G, Gallagher, J, Gattuso, G, Gendrin, V, Gentile, I, Giacobbe, Dr, Gogos, Ca, Grandiere Perez, L, Hansmann, Y, Horcajada, Jp, Iacobello, C, Jacob, Jt, Justo, Ja, Kernéis, S, Komnos, A, Kotnik Kevorkijan, B, Lebeaux, D, Le Berre, R, Lechiche, C, Le Moing, V, Lescure, Fx, Libanore, M, Martinot, M, Merino de Lucas, E, Mondain, V, Mondello, P, Montejo, M, Mootien, J, Muñoz, P, Nir-Paz, R, Pan, A, Paño-Pardo, Jr, Patel, G, Paul, M, Pérez Rodríguez MT, Piroth, L, Pogue, J, Potoski, Ba, Pourcher, V, Pyrpasopoulou, A, Rahav, G, Rizzi, M, Rodríguez-Baño, J, Salavert, M, Scheetz, M, Sims, M, Spahija, G, Stefani, S, Stefos, A, Tamma, Pd, Tattevin, P, Tedesco, A, Torre-Cisneros, J, Tripolitsioti, P, Tsiodras, S, Uomo, G, Verdon, R, Viale, P, Vitrat, V, Weinberger, M, Wiener-Well, Y, Papst L., Beovic B., Pulcini C., Durante-Mangoni E., Rodriguez-Bano J., Kaye K.S., Daikos G.L., Raka L., Paul M., Abbo L., Abgueguen P., Almirante B., Azzini A.M., Bani-Sadr F., Bassetti M., Ben-Ami R., Beraud G., Botelho-Nevers E., Bou G., Boutoille D., Cabie A., Cacopardo B., Cascio A., Cassir N., Castelli F., Cecala M., Charmillon A., Chirouze C., Cisneros J.M., Colmenero J.D., Coppola N., Corcione S., Dalla Gasperina D., De la Calle Cabrera C., Delobel P., Di Caprio D., Durante Mangoni E., Dupon M., Ettahar N., Falagas M.E., Falcone M., Farinas M.C., Faure E., Forestier E., Foti G., Gallagher J., Gattuso G., Gendrin V., Gentile I., Giacobbe D.R., Gogos C.A., Grandiere Perez L., Hansmann Y., Horcajada J.P., Iacobello C., Jacob J.T., Justo J.A., Kerneis S., Komnos A., Kotnik Kevorkijan B., Lebeaux D., Le Berre R., Lechiche C., Le Moxing V., Lescure F.X., Libanore M., Martinot M., Merino de Lucas E., Mondain V., Mondello P., Montejo M., Mootien J., Munoz P., Nir-Paz R., Pan A., Pano-Pardo J.R., Patel G., Perez Rodriguez M.T., Piroth L., Pogue J., Potoski B.A., Pourcher V., Pyrpasopoulou A., Rahav G., Rizzi M., Salavert M., Scheetz M., Sims M., Spahija G., Stefani S., Stefos A., Tamma P.D., Tattevin P., Tedesco A., Torre-Cisneros J., Tripolitsioti P., Tsiodras S., Uomo G., Verdon R., Viale P., Vitrat V., Weinberger M., Wiener-Well Y., University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Monaldi Hospital, Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Michigan Medical School [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), University Clinical Center of Kosova, Rambam Health Care Campus, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], University of Verona (UNIVR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Ospedale 'Santa Maria della Misericordia' = University Hospital 'Santa Maria della Misericordia', Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Hospital Universitario, A Coruña, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], ARNAS 'Garibaldi, S. Luigi-Currò, Ascoli-Tomaselli', Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, ARNAS Civico Palermo, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga [Spain], Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', University of Turin, University of Insubria, Varese, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], AO San Sebastiano, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CH Valenciennes, Henry Dunant Hospital, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Hospital Marques de Valdecillas, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie [Chambéry], Ospedale di Reggio Calabria, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Carlo Poma Hospital Mantova (ASST Mantova ), CH Belfort-Montbéliard, University of Naples Federico II, AUO San Martino IST Ist Nazl Ric Canc, I-16132 Genoa, Italy, University of Patras [Patras], Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), CHU Strasbourg, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Cannizzaro Hospital, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], University of South Carolina [Columbia], AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), General Hospital of Larissa, University medical centre Maribor (UKC Maribor), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], University of Ferrara at St. Anna Hospital, CH Colmar, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, CHU Nice [Cimiez], Hôpital Cimiez [Nice] (CHU), AOU Policlinico 'G. Martino', Messina, Italy, Hospital Universitario Cruces = Cruces University Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Emile Muller [Mulhouse] (CH E.Muller Mulhouse), Groupe Hospitalier de Territoire Haute Alsace (GHTHA), Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], Azienda Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona, Lozano Blesa Clinical Hospital [Zaragoza, Spain], Mount Sinai Hospital [Toronto, Canada] (MSH), Complejo Hospitalario de Vigo, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Detroit Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center [Pittsburgh, PA, États-Unis] (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hippokration General Hospital, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII [Bergamo, Italy], Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Northwestern Hospital Chicago, Beaumont Hospital, Lagjia e Universitetit, Rruga 1, nr.32, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo, parent, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Larissa University Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Ospedale Fracastoro San Bonifacio [Verona], Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Agioi Anargiroi Hospital, Attikon University Hospital, Ospedale Cardarelli, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), CH Annecy Genevois, Assah Harofeh Medical Centre, Zerifin, Israel, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel, National Institutes of Health (US), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa, European Commission, Papst, Lea, Beović, Bojana, Pulcini, Céline, Durante-Mangoni, Emanuele, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesú, Kaye, Keith S, Daikos, George L, Raka, Lul, Paul, Mical, Papst, L., Beovic, B., Pulcini, C., Durante-Mangoni, E., Rodriguez-Bano, J., Kaye, K. S., Daikos, G. L., Raka, L., Paul, M., Abbo, L., Abgueguen, P., Almirante, B., Azzini, A. M., Bani-Sadr, F., Bassetti, M., Ben-Ami, R., Beraud, G., Botelho-Nevers, E., Bou, G., Boutoille, D., Cabie, A., Cacopardo, B., Cascio, A., Cassir, N., Castelli, F., Cecala, M., Charmillon, A., Chirouze, C., Cisneros, J. M., Colmenero, J. D., Coppola, N., Corcione, S., Dalla Gasperina, D., De la Calle Cabrera, C., Delobel, P., Di Caprio, D., Dupon, M., Ettahar, N., Falagas, M. E., Falcone, M., Farinas, M. C., Faure, E., Forestier, E., Foti, G., Gallagher, J., Gattuso, G., Gendrin, V., Gentile, I., Giacobbe, D. R., Gogos, C. A., Grandiere Perez, L., Hansmann, Y., Horcajada, J. P., Iacobello, C., Jacob, J. T., Justo, J. A., Kerneis, S., Komnos, A., Kotnik Kevorkijan, B., Lebeaux, D., Le Berre, R., Lechiche, C., Le Moxing, V., Lescure, F. X., Libanore, M., Martinot, M., Merino de Lucas, E., Mondain, V., Mondello, P., Montejo, M., Mootien, J., Munoz, P., Nir-Paz, R., Pan, A., Pano-Pardo, J. R., Patel, G., Perez Rodriguez, M. T., Piroth, L., Pogue, J., Potoski, B. A., Pourcher, V., Pyrpasopoulou, A., Rahav, G., Rizzi, M., Salavert, M., Scheetz, M., Sims, M., Spahija, G., Stefani, S., Stefos, A., Tamma, P. D., Tattevin, P., Tedesco, A., Torre-Cisneros, J., Tripolitsioti, P., Tsiodras, S., Uomo, G., Verdon, R., Viale, P., Vitrat, V., Weinberger, M., Wiener-Well, Y., Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga = Regional University Hospital of Malaga [Spain], and Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Acinetobacter baumannii, Carbapenem, Antibiotics, Drug Resistance, Drug resistance, Tigecycline, Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, Combination therapy, Enterobacteriaceae, Polymyxin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Survey, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, polycyclic compounds, 030212 general & internal medicine, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Carbapenems, Cross Infection, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, Hospitals, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, biology, Microbial Sensitivity Test, Bacterial, antibiotic management, carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, General Medicine, 3. Good health, medicine.drug, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Fosfomycin, carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, 03 medical and health sciences, Hospital, Internal medicine, Anti-Bacterial Agent, medicine, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infection, Cross-Sectional Studie, business.industry, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, antibiotic management, business, Rifampicin
Abstract

ESGAP, ESGBIS, ESGIE and the CRGNB treatment survey study group., [Objectives] To explore contemporary antibiotic management of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in hospitals., [Methods] Cross-sectional, internet-based questionnaire survey. We contacted representatives of all hospitals with more than 800 acute-care hospital beds in France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Kosovo, Slovenia, Spain and selected hospitals in the USA. We asked respondents to describe the most common actual practice at their hospital regarding management of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through close-ended questions., [Results] Between January and June 2017, 115 of 141 eligible hospitals participated (overall response rate 81.6%, country-specific rates 66.7%–100%). Most were tertiary-care (99/114, 86.8%), university-affiliated (110/115, 89.1%) hospitals and most representatives were infectious disease specialists (99/115, 86.1%). Combination therapy was prescribed in 114/115 (99.1%) hospitals at least occasionally. Respondents were more likely to consider combination therapy when treating bacteraemia, pneumonia and central nervous system infections and for Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii similarly. Combination of a polymyxin with a carbapenem was used in most cases, whereas combinations of a polymyxin with tigecycline, an aminoglycoside, fosfomycin or rifampicin were also common. Monotherapy was used for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, usually with an aminoglycoside or a polymyxin. The intended goal of combination therapy was to improve the effectiveness of the treatment and to prevent development of resistance. In general, respondents shared the misconception that combination therapy is supported by strong scientific evidence., [Conclusions] Combination therapy was the preferred treatment strategy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria among hospital representatives, even though high-quality evidence for carbapenem-based combination therapy is lacking., EDM received funding by NIH for project HHSN272201000039C. JRB received funding for research from Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2013–2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0001)—co-financed by European Development Regional Fund A way to achieve Europe, Operative Programme Intelligent Growth 2014–2020.

Published
2018

16. An outbreak of mycobacterium jacuzzii infection following insertion of breast implants

Author

Rahav, G., Pitlik, S., Amitai, Z., Lavy, A., Blech, M., Keller, N., Smollan, G., Lewis, M., and Zlotkin, A.

Subjects
Mycobacterial infections -- Research, Mycobacterial infections -- Physiological aspects, Epidemics -- Evaluation, Breast implants -- Complications and side effects, Breast implants -- Health aspects, Breast implants -- Research, Breast prosthesis -- Complications and side effects, Breast prosthesis -- Health aspects, Breast prosthesis -- Research, Health, Health care industry
Published
2006

18. Environmental shedding of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile by asymptomatic carriers: A prospective observational study

Author

Gilboa, M., primary, Houri-Levi, E., additional, Cohen, C., additional, Tal, I., additional, Rubin, C., additional, Feld-Simon, O., additional, Brom, A., additional, Eden-Friedman, Y., additional, Segal, S., additional, Rahav, G., additional, Regev-Yochay, G., additional, Amital, Howard, additional, Beni, Sharon, additional, Ben-Zvi, Ilan, additional, Blausov, Natasha, additional, Brom, Adi, additional, Cohen, Carmit, additional, Feld-Simon, Olga, additional, Fluss, Ronen, additional, Gilboa, Mayan, additional, Eden-Friedman, Yehudit, additional, Halevy, Shiraz, additional, Houri-Levi, Esther, additional, Hupert, Amit, additional, Jbarien, Amnah, additional, Keller, Naty, additional, Leibowitz, Avshalom, additional, Mayan, Haim, additional, Maizels, Leonid, additional, Meltzer, Eyal, additional, Pinas-Zade, Nani, additional, Rahav, Galia, additional, Raibman-Spector, Shir, additional, Regev-Yochay (PI), Gili, additional, Romiantsev, Marina, additional, Shachar, Dalit, additional, Sharif, Kassem, additional, Segal, Gadi, additional, Segal, Shoshi, additional, Segev, Amitai, additional, Smollan, Gill, additional, Stienlauf, Shmuel, additional, Tal, Ilana, additional, Yonath, Hagit, additional, Zilberman-Daniels, Tal, additional, and Zimlichman, Eyal, additional

Published
2020
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25. Effect and Safety of Meropenem–Vaborbactam versus Best-Available Therapy in Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections: The TANGO II Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Wunderink, R.G. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J. Rahav, G. Mathers, A.J. Bassetti, M. Vazquez, J. Cornely, O.A. Solomkin, J. Bhowmick, T. Bishara, J. Daikos, G.L. Felton, T. Furst, M.J.L. Kwak, E.J. Menichetti, F. Oren, I. Alexander, E.L. Griffith, D. Lomovskaya, O. Loutit, J. Zhang, S. Dudley, M.N. Kaye, K.S.

Abstract

Introduction: Treatment options for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are limited and CRE infections remain associated with high clinical failure and mortality rates, particularly in vulnerable patient populations. A Phase 3, multinational, open-label, randomized controlled trial (TANGO II) was conducted from 2014 to 2017 to evaluate the efficacy/safety of meropenem–vaborbactam monotherapy versus best available therapy (BAT) for CRE. Methods: A total of 77 patients with confirmed/suspected CRE infection (bacteremia, hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia, complicated intra-abdominal infection, complicated urinary tract infection/acute pyelonephritis) were randomized, and 47 with confirmed CRE infection formed the primary analysis population (microbiologic-CRE-modified intent-to-treat, mCRE-MITT). Eligible patients were randomized 2:1 to meropenem–vaborbactam (2 g/2 g over 3 h, q8h for 7–14 days) or BAT (mono/combination therapy with polymyxins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, tigecycline; or ceftazidime-avibactam alone). Efficacy endpoints included clinical cure, Day-28 all-cause mortality, microbiologic cure, and overall success (clinical cure + microbiologic eradication). Safety endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and laboratory findings. Results: Within the mCRE-MITT population, cure rates were 65.6% (21/32) and 33.3% (5/15) [95% confidence interval (CI) of difference, 3.3% to 61.3%; P = 0.03)] at End of Treatment and 59.4% (19/32) and 26.7% (4/15) (95% CI of difference, 4.6% to 60.8%; P = 0.02) at Test of Cure;.Day-28 all-cause mortality was 15.6% (5/32) and 33.3% (5/15) (95% CI of difference, − 44.7% to 9.3%) for meropenem–vaborbactam versus BAT, respectively. Treatment-related AEs and renal-related AEs were 24.0% (12/50) and 4.0% (2/50) for meropenem–vaborbactam versus 44.0% (11/25) and 24.0% (6/25) for BAT. Exploratory risk–benefit analyses of composite clinical failure or nephrotoxicity favored meropenem–vaborbactam versus BAT (31.3% [10/32] versus 80.0% [12/15]; 95% CI of difference, − 74.6% to − 22.9%; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Monotherapy with meropenem–vaborbactam for CRE infection was associated with increased clinical cure, decreased mortality, and reduced nephrotoxicity compared with BAT. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT02168946. Funding: The Medicines Company. © 2018, The Author(s).

Published
2018

26. Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli: an international ESCMID cross-sectional survey among infectious diseases specialists practicing in large hospitals

Author

Papst, L. Beovic, B. Pulcini, C. Durante-Mangoni, E. Rodríguez-Baño, J. Kaye, K.S. Daikos, G.L. Raka, L. Paul, M. Abbo, L. Abgueguen, P. Almirante, B. Azzini, A.M. Bani-Sadr, F. Bassetti, M. Ben-Ami, R. Béraud, G. Botelho-Nevers, E. Bou, G. Boutoille, D. Cabié, A. Cacopardo, B. Cascio, A. Cassir, N. Castelli, F. Cecala, M. Charmillon, A. Chirouze, C. Cisneros, J.M. Colmenero, J.D. Coppola, N. Corcione, S. Dalla Gasperina, D. De la Calle Cabrera, C. Delobel, P. Di Caprio, D. Dupon, M. Ettahar, N. Falagas, M.E. Falcone, M. Fariñas, M.C. Faure, E. Forestier, E. Foti, G. Gallagher, J. Gattuso, G. Gendrin, V. Gentile, I. Giacobbe, D.R. Gogos, C.A. Grandiere Perez, L. Hansmann, Y. Horcajada, J.P. Iacobello, C. Jacob, J.T. Justo, J.A. Kernéis, S. Komnos, A. Kotnik Kevorkijan, B. Lebeaux, D. Le Berre, R. Lechiche, C. Le Moxing, V. Lescure, F.X. Libanore, M. Martinot, M. Merino de Lucas, E. Mondain, V. Mondello, P. Montejo, M. Mootien, J. Muñoz, P. Nir-Paz, R. Pan, A. Paño-Pardo, J.R. Patel, G. Pérez Rodríguez, M.T. Piroth, L. Pogue, J. Potoski, B.A. Pourcher, V. Pyrpasopoulou, A. Rahav, G. Rizzi, M. Salavert, M. Scheetz, M. Sims, M. Spahija, G. Stefani, S. Stefos, A. Tamma, P.D. Tattevin, P. Tedesco, A. Torre-Cisneros, J. Tripolitsioti, P. Tsiodras, S. Uomo, G. Verdon, R. Viale, P. Vitrat, V. Weinberger, M. Wiener-Well, Y. ESGAP, ESGBIS, ESGIE the CRGNB treatment survey study group

Abstract

Objectives: To explore contemporary antibiotic management of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in hospitals. Methods: Cross-sectional, internet-based questionnaire survey. We contacted representatives of all hospitals with more than 800 acute-care hospital beds in France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Kosovo, Slovenia, Spain and selected hospitals in the USA. We asked respondents to describe the most common actual practice at their hospital regarding management of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through close-ended questions. Results: Between January and June 2017, 115 of 141 eligible hospitals participated (overall response rate 81.6%, country-specific rates 66.7%–100%). Most were tertiary-care (99/114, 86.8%), university-affiliated (110/115, 89.1%) hospitals and most representatives were infectious disease specialists (99/115, 86.1%). Combination therapy was prescribed in 114/115 (99.1%) hospitals at least occasionally. Respondents were more likely to consider combination therapy when treating bacteraemia, pneumonia and central nervous system infections and for Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii similarly. Combination of a polymyxin with a carbapenem was used in most cases, whereas combinations of a polymyxin with tigecycline, an aminoglycoside, fosfomycin or rifampicin were also common. Monotherapy was used for treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, usually with an aminoglycoside or a polymyxin. The intended goal of combination therapy was to improve the effectiveness of the treatment and to prevent development of resistance. In general, respondents shared the misconception that combination therapy is supported by strong scientific evidence. Conclusions: Combination therapy was the preferred treatment strategy for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria among hospital representatives, even though high-quality evidence for carbapenem-based combination therapy is lacking. © 2018 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Published
2018

28. Bezlotoxumab for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection

Author

Wilcox, M. H., Gerding, D. N., Poxton, I. R., Kelly, C., Nathan, R., Birch, T., Cornely, O. A., Rahav, G., Bouza, E., Lee, C., Jenkin, G., Jensen, W., Kim, Y. -S., Yoshida, J., Gabryelski, L., Pedley, A., Eves, K., Tipping, R., Guris, D., Kartsonis, N., Playford G, Dorr M. -B., Mcgechie, D, Iredell, J, Allworth, A, Cheng, A, Choi, Nj, Thalhammer, F, Maieron, A, Wenisch, C, Meyer, B, Jacobs, F, Delmee, M, Peetermans, W, Giot, Jb, Munhoz, Al, Kallas, Eg, Ladeira, Jp, Bernstein, Cn, Grimard, D, Mcgeer, A, Poirier, A, Valiquette, L, Miller, M, Oughton, M, Trottier, S, Dolce, P, Smyth, D, Gambra, P, Palma, S, Rojas, L, Northland, R, Arellano, Mc, Perez, J, Barreto, Mf, Gomez, Jm, Ramirez, I, Correa, A, Onate, J, Rohacova, H, Stastnik, M, Zjevikova, A, Blazek, J, Kumpel, P, Petersen, Am, Gluud, Ll, Staugaard, Hm, Tvede, M, Glerup, H, Madsen, Sm, Helms, M, Naumann, R, Karthaus, M, Reinshagen, M, Raz, R, Giladi, M, Chowers, M, Bishara, J, Quirino, T, Castelli, F, Bassetti, M, Rizzardini, G, Vismara, E, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Menichetti, F, Cauda, R, Bonfanti, P, Franzetti, F, Gori, A, Minoli, L, Noriega, Er, Mills, Gd, Ritchie, S, Burns, A, Pithie, A, dos Santos RM, Aldomiro, F, Fernando, Pb, Rola, J, Reis, E, Van Zyl JH, Aboo, N, Richards, G, Hernandez, Mj, de Medrano VA, Prunonosa, Lm, Gonzalez, Jl, Reinoso, Jc, Martinez, Ar, Cisneros, Jd, Banos, Jr, Sheridan, R, Minton, J, Williams, J, Stanley, P, Guleri, A, Llewelyn, M, Todd, N, Barlow, G, Bacon, Ae, Baird, Im, Baxter, R, Zenilman, Jm, Beshay, M, Betts, Rf, Brettholz, Em, Buitrago, Mi, Carlson, Rw, Cook, Pp, Dupont, Hl, Foley, C, Freilich, B, Giron, Ja, Golan, Y, Green, S, Hall, Mc, Johnson, Dj, Jones, Rk, Graham, Dr, Kazimir, M, Keating, M, Brumble, Lm, Kumar, Pn, Liappis, Ap, Libke, R, Mehra, Pk, Overcash, Sj, Mullane, Km, Nguyen, Mh, Patel, Mc, Powers, Ck, Pullman, J, Keegan, J, Nepal, S, English, G, Ricci, Rl, Risi, Gf, Rodriguez, M, Schmitt, Cm, Sims, Md, Kamepalli, R, Tural, A, Vazquez, Ja, Alangaden, Gj, Weavind, Lm, Young, Ma, Chen, St, Liu, E, Nguyen, Hh, Alfonso, Tb, Muse, Dd, Orenstein, R, Yacyshyn, B, Gebhard, Re, Dinges, W, Bolton, M, Rubin, M, Kuemmerle, Jf, Limaye, Ap, Friedenberg, Ka, Hiemenz, Jw, Quadri, A, Martinez, Jv, Barcan, La, Cordova, E, Mykietiuk, A, Losso, M, Fedorak, Rn, Steiner, T, Gerson, M, Weiss, K, Dlouhy, P, Vitous, A, Benes, J, Husa, P, Knizek, P, Anttila, Vj, Broas, M, Camou, F, Postil, D, Launay, O, Corroyer-Simovic, B, Meynard, Jl, Schneider, S, Molina, Jm, Neau, D, Zalcman, G, Boutoille, D, Ostermann, H, Heinz, W, Reuter, S, Oren, I, Schiff, E, Umemoto, T, Masubuchi, T, Mukawa, K, Yasuda, K, Imokawa, S, Fukuda, K, Ohta, H, Harada, N, Fujii, S, Tamaki, S, Yasui, S, Furukawa, K, Takahashi, M, Uraoka, T, Watanabe, M, Ikehara, Y, Kodaira, M, Komatsu, H, Higashi, K, Taguchi, F, Ura, N, Serizawa, Y, Fukuchi, T, Ashikawa, T, Shabana, M, Okubo, M, Matsumoto, M, Kurihara, A, Miyasaka, E, Shimizu, M, Tominaga, H, Kubota, T, Kashiwazaki, M, Masuda, Y, Terasaki, S, Okafuji, H, Mieno, H, Urabe, T, Okamoto, E, Kajimura, M, Yamagishi, Y, Rydzewska, G, Mach, T, Ciechanowski, K, Podlasin, R, Tomasiewicz, K, Janczewska-Kazek, E, Czarnobilski, K, Halota, W, Gryglewska, B, Plesniak, R, Dabrowiecki, P, Lipowski, D, Simanenkov, V, Shcheglova, L, Uspenskiy, Y, Cheganov, A, Han, Ds, Kim, Js, Hong, Sp, Kim, Ti, Jang, Bi, Byeon, Js, Kim, E, Kim, Mj, Lee, J, Pai, H, Cheong, Hj, Lee, S, Loyarte, Ja, Gonzalez, Jc, Santiago, Eb, Lopez, Jr, Baranda, Jm, Viladomiu, As, Calbo, E, Lannergard, A, Falt, J, Gardlund, B, Andersson, Lm, Fraenkel, Cj, Rombo, L, Widmer, A, Chen, Yc, Sheng, Wh, Wang, Fd, Wang, Nc, Lee, Ch, Chen, Yh, Chuang, Yc, Unal, S, Ozaras, R, Esen, S, Ural, O, Ayaz, C, Sakarya, S, Celebi, A, Mistik, R, Bedimo, R, Bressler, A, Mckinley, Mj, Quirk, D, Talansky, Al, Agronin, Me, Akhrass, Fa, Ali, M, Alrabaa, Sf, Assi, Ma, Calfee, Dp, Carson, P, Mariani, Pg, Guerrero, D, Dubberke, Er, Hardi, R, Hazan-Steinberg, S, Itani, Km, Jauregui-Peredo, El, Kasabji, A, Hameed, M, Murillo, A, Odio, Aj, Shah, P, Braun, Ti, Slim, J, Sloan, L, Srinivasan, S, Tan, Mj, Clough, La, Herr, D, Miller, Lg, Dorfmeister, J, Khan, O, and Melik-Abrahamian, F.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Clostridium Infections, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Intention to Treat Analysis, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Middle Aged, Secondary Prevention, Young Adult, Clostridium difficile, Clinical Trial, Phase III, Antibiotics, 0302 clinical medicine, Monoclonal, 80 and over, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medicine (all), Neutralizing, education.field_of_study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, General Medicine, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Combination, Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies, Intravenous, medicine.medical_specialty, Infusions, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Population, Placebo, Antibodies, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, Journal Article, medicine, education, Intention-to-treat analysis, Clostridioides difficile, business.industry, Interim analysis, Surgery, Bezlotoxumab, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in hospitalized patients. Recurrences are common after antibiotic therapy. Actoxumab and bezlotoxumab are human monoclonal antibodies against C. difficile toxins A and B, respectively.METHODS: We conducted two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials, MODIFY I and MODIFY II, involving 2655 adults receiving oral standard-of-care antibiotics for primary or recurrent C. difficile infection. Participants received an infusion of bezlotoxumab (10 mg per kilogram of body weight), actoxumab plus bezlotoxumab (10 mg per kilogram each), or placebo; actoxumab alone (10 mg per kilogram) was given in MODIFY I but discontinued after a planned interim analysis. The primary end point was recurrent infection (new episode after initial clinical cure) within 12 weeks after infusion in the modified intention-to-treat population.RESULTS: In both trials, the rate of recurrent C. difficile infection was significantly lower with bezlotoxumab alone than with placebo (MODIFY I: 17% [67 of 386] vs. 28% [109 of 395]; adjusted difference, -10.1 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -15.9 to -4.3; PCONCLUSIONS: Among participants receiving antibiotic treatment for primary or recurrent C. difficile infection, bezlotoxumab was associated with a substantially lower rate of recurrent infection than placebo and had a safety profile similar to that of placebo. The addition of actoxumab did not improve efficacy. (Funded by Merck; MODIFY I and MODIFY II ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01241552 and NCT01513239 .).

Published
2017

29. Randomized comparison of liposomal amphotericin B versus placebo to prevent invasive mycoses in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Author

Cornely, O. A., Leguay, T., Maertens, J., Vehreschild, M. J. G. T., Anagnostopoulos, A., Castagnola, C., Verga, L., Rieger, C., Kondakci, M., Harter, G., Duarte, R. F., Allione, B., Cordonnier, C., Heussel, C. P., Morrissey, C. O., Agrawal, S. G., Peter Donnelly, J., Bresnik, M., Hawkins, M. J., Garner, W., Gokbuget, N., Jarchum, G., Dictar, M., Ramirez Borga, S., Valledor, A., Knoebl, P., Greil, R., Linkesch, W., Sill, H., De Prijck, B., Sonet, A., Theunissen, K., Selleslag, D., Vargas Schwarzbold, A., Nucci, M. L. M., Lopes de Castro Lobo, C., Fogliatto, L., Bonmati, C., Turlure, P., Herbrecht, R., Thiebaut, A., Michallet, M., Egerer, G., Silling, G., Pfreundschuh, M., Hasenkamp, J., Kraemer, D. M., Topp, M., Heinz, W., Junghanss, C., Schaich, M. A., Parmentier, S., Roellig, C., Beck, H. J., Huttmann, A., Mousset, S., Duenzinger, U. N., Schwartz, S., Haerter, G., Ostermann, H., Tsirigotis, P., Matsouka, P., Angelopoulou, M. K., Karakantza, M., Spyridonidis, A., Kolomansky, A., Moses, A., Horowitz, N., Rahav, G., Aversa, F., Velardi, A., Pagano, Livio, Gentile, Giuseppe, Gobbi, M., Luppi, M., Nosari, A. M., Rambaldi, A., Candoni, A., Marbello, L., Rossi, G., Pogliani, E., Moreira, I., Nunes, A., Botelho de Sousa, A., Rubio Tejero, A. I., Vallejo, C., Vazquez, L., Besalduch Vidal, J., Gomez-Garcia de Soria, V., Jurado Chacon, M., Gonzalez Campos, J., Olavarria, E., Barba, P., de la Serna Torroba, J., Duarte, R., Heim, D., Zimmerli, S., Gerber, B., Akova, M., Bolaman, A. Z., Tabak, F., Akan, H., Senol, E., and Gilead Sciences

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Antifungal Agents, Administration, Intravenous, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amphotericin B, Chemoprevention, Double-Blind Method, Europe, Female, Humans, Invasive Fungal Infections, Middle Aged, Placebos, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, South America, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Medizin, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Clinical endpoint, 80 and over, Pharmacology (medical), Original Research, hemic and immune systems, Chemotherapy regimen, Infectious Diseases, Tolerability, Administration, Intravenous, Inflammatory diseases Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 5], Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Neutropenia, Placebo, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Pharmacology, Surrogate endpoint, business.industry, medicine.disease, Surgery, Regimen, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, business
Abstract

[Objectives] To prevent invasive fungal disease (IFD) in adult patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)., [Patients and methods] In a double-blind multicentre Phase 3 study, patients received prophylactic liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) at 5 mg/kg intravenously or placebo twice weekly in a 2:1 random allocation during remission-induction treatment. The primary endpoint was the development of proven or probable IFD. Secondary endpoints included those focused on the safety and tolerability of prophylactic L-AMB., [Results] Three hundred and fifty-five patients from 86 centres in Europe and South America received at least one dose of L-AMB (n = 237) or placebo (n = 118). Rates of proven and probable IFD assessed independently were 7.9% (18/228) in the L-AMB group and 11.7% (13/111) in the placebo group (P = 0.24). Rates of possible IFD were 4.8% (11/228) in the L-AMB and 5.4% (6/111) in the placebo group (P = 0.82). The remission-induction phase was a median of 22 days for both groups. Overall mortality was similar between the groups: 7.2% (17/237) for L-AMB and 6.8% (8/118) for placebo (P = 1.00). Hypokalaemia and creatinine increase were significantly more frequent with L-AMB., [Conclusions] The IFD rate among adult patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ALL was 11.7% in the placebo group, and was not significantly different in patients receiving L-AMB, suggesting that the L-AMB regimen studied is not effective as prophylaxis against IFD. The IFD rate appears higher than previously reported, warranting further investigation. Tolerability of L-AMB was what might be expected. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal antifungal strategy during remission-induction chemotherapy of ALL., This study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. M. B., W. G. and M. J. H. are employees of Gilead Sciences. All other authors or their institutions have received compensation for study participation from Gilead Sciences International Ltd.

Published
2017

34. Detection and characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in wounded Syrian patients admitted to hospitals in northern Israel

Author

Lerner, A., primary, Solter, E., additional, Rachi, E., additional, Adler, A., additional, Rechnitzer, H., additional, Miron, D., additional, Krupnick, L., additional, Sela, S., additional, Aga, E., additional, Ziv, Y., additional, Peretz, A., additional, Labay, K., additional, Rahav, G., additional, Geffen, Y., additional, Hussein, K., additional, Eluk, O., additional, Carmeli, Y., additional, and Schwaber, M. J., additional

Published
2015
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37. Clinical outcomes and treatment approach for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections in Israel.

Author

Regev-Yochay, G., Glikman, D., Berla-Kerzhner, E., Biber, A., Rahav, G., Parizade, M., and Taran, D.

Subjects
STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, ISRAELIS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, HEALTH
Abstract

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections are increasingly documented worldwide. We recently identified two major CA-MRSA clones in Israel: USA300 and t991. Here, we assessed clinical outcomes by CA-MRSA clones and the physicians' treatment approach to CA-MRSA infections. All community-onset, clinical MRSA isolates detected during 2011-2013 by Maccabi Healthcare Services were collected and characterized phenotypically and genotypically; data were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records. Of 309 patients with MRSA infections, 64 were identified as CA-MRSA (21 %). Of the CA-MRSA infections, 72 % had skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), 38 % were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)+, the major clone being USA300 ( n = 13, 54 %). Of PVL− isolates ( n = 40, 62 %), t991 was the major clone. Age was the only predictor for PVL+ CA-MRSA infection ( p < 0.001). Patients with PVL+ CA-MRSA had higher incidence of SSTI recurrences (1.061 vs. 0.647 events per patient/per year, p < 0.0001) and were more likely to have the SSTI drained (64 % vs. 21 %, p = 0.003) when compared to PVL− CA-MRSA. USA300 was more common among adults, while t991 was more common among children ( p = 0.002). The physician's referral to culture results and susceptibility were the only predictors of appropriate antibiotic therapy ( p < 0.001). However, only a minority of physicians referred to culture results, regardless of subspecialties. PVL+ CA-MRSA isolates caused significantly more recurrences of SSTIs and increased the need for drainage compared with PVL− isolates. Physicians' awareness of CA-MRSA as a cause of SSTIs in the community was suboptimal. Culturing of pus-producing SSTIs is crucial for providing adequate antimicrobials and elucidating MRSA epidemiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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38. Pregnancy-Associated Listeriosis: Clinical Characteristics and Geospatial Analysis of a 10-Year Period in Israel

Author

Elinav, Hila, primary, Hershko-Klement, Anat, additional, Valinsky, Lea, additional, Jaffe, Josef, additional, Wiseman, Anat, additional, Shimon, Hila, additional, Braun, Eyal, additional, Paitan, Yossi, additional, Block, Colin, additional, Sorek, Rotem, additional, Nir-Paz, Ran, additional, Miron, D., additional, Glikman, Danny, additional, Soboh, S., additional, Nseir, W., additional, Paz, A., additional, Cohen, E., additional, Mendelson, B., additional, Paz, E., additional, Shimoni, Z., additional, Wattad, M., additional, Ravid, M., additional, Keller, N., additional, Rahav, G., additional, Dan, M., additional, Shechner, V., additional, Weinberger, M., additional, Nadir, E., additional, Troshin, T., additional, Riesenberg, K., additional, Tsabari, A., additional, Lachish, T., additional, Halperin, E., additional, Anis, E., additional, Vasiliev, V., additional, and Japeth, R., additional

Published
2014
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41. Necrotizing choroiditis-retinitis as presenting symptom of disseminated aspergillosis after lung transplantation

Author

Benezra D, Rahav G, Anteby I, and Kramer M

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Biopsy, Population, Retinitis, Aspergillosis, Retina, 03 medical and health sciences, Necrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Endophthalmitis, Fatal Outcome, Postoperative Complications, Blurred vision, medicine, Lung transplantation, Humans, education, Mycosis, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Choroid, Aspergillus fumigatus, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Dermatology, eye diseases, Surgery, Transplantation, Ophthalmology, Chorioretinitis, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Eye Infections, Fungal, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lung Transplantation
Abstract

Background. Endogenous endophthalmitis due to Aspergillus is rare affecting the severely immunosuppressed population, in particular recipients of heart and lung transplants. Ocular involvement of aspergillosis has always been observed late in the course of the disease. Subject. A young woman noted blurred vision in one eye three weeks after lung transplantation. At this stage, no systemic manifestations of fungal infection were detected and the ocular findings were attributed to viral infection. Results. Twenty-four hours after the original ocular complaint, an aggressive endophthalmitis developed in the left eye. The possibility of fungal endophthalmitis was raised. Within 48 hours of her first ocular complaint the patient died. Cultures from a vitreous tap and from autopsy ocular specimens were positive for Aspergillus fumigatus. Conclusions. Aspergillus endophthalmitis may occur in patients undergoing lung transplantation despite antifungal therapy. Increased awareness of this unusual entity may be life and vision saving in these patients.

Published
1997

46. An Outbreak of Phialemonium Infective Endocarditis Linked to Intracavernous Penile Injections for the Treatment of Impotence

Author

Strahilevitz, J., primary, Rahav, G., additional, Schroers, H.-J., additional, Summerbell, R. C., additional, Amitai, Z., additional, Goldschmied-Reouven, A., additional, Rubinstein, E., additional, Schwammenthal, Y., additional, Feinberg, M. S., additional, Siegman-Igra, Y., additional, Bash, E., additional, Polacheck, I., additional, Zelazny, A., additional, Howard, S. J., additional, Cibotaro, P., additional, Shovman, O., additional, and Keller, N., additional

Published
2005
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