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A methodology accounting for the contributions of static displacements of atoms to X-ray diffuse scattering by binary solid solutions with a face-centered cubic lattice was proposed. By microscopic accounting of static displacements of the atoms on the particular shell, we identified short- range order parameters on the first eight shells of Ni-13.1at. %W alloy from the intensity of X-ray diffuse scattering. The Fourier transform of static displacement of the atoms on every considered shell was calculated with the De Launay model using expressions of elements of dynamical matrix and Fourier transforms of quasi elastic forces, which are calculated by the pseudopotential method.

Red blood cells of mammals contain both raw carbonaceous material (proteins) and catalyzer precursor (iron atoms of metal-organic hemoglobin molecules) for Carbon nanotube (CNT) fabrication by the chemical vapor deposition method. To demonstrate the possibility of CNT fabrication by using blood as a single raw material, livestock (sheep) blood droplets on silicon substrates were used as samples for pyrolysis in an argon and argon + butane atmosphere at 300; 400; 500; 7000 C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, of the product of pyrolysis at 500; 7000 C, magnified up to 20000 times, shows dense bushes consisting of nano-size rods. The length of the rods reached 50 μm; widths were around 400 nm and less. The two carbon bands centered at wavenumbers 1340 and 1580 cm-1 in the Raman spectra of samples recorded using a low power-incident red laser (638 nm), demonstrates increasing graphitization of carbon atoms with rise of pyrolysis temperature. Both the SEM images and the Raman spectra indicate increasing formation of CNT, with an increase of pyrolysis temperature from 400 to 7000 C. No evidence of CNT formation at 3000 C was found.

By the example of cesium, a procedure for calculating the radial and tangential force constants of the interatomic interaction of metals with the body-centered cubic (BCC) structure from the experimentally measured phonon spectrum, which can be theoretically described using elements of the dynamic matrix D(q), is proposed. This technique is an alternative to the Born–von Karman model, which is still widely applied in describing the phonon spectrum in terms of the force constants of interatomic interaction and in calculation of the elastic constants of the phonon spectrum. The reliability of the procedure and obtained values of the force constants is verified by calculating the phonon spectrum and elastic constants of cesium and by comparing the results with experimental data.

This paper reports that well‐balanced white emission with three primary colors can be achieved with a simple white organic light‐emitting diode (WOLED) structure of ITO / α‐NPD (50 nm) / α‐NPD: Btp2Ir(acac) (8 wt%, 6 nm) / α‐NPD (5 nm) / BCP (3 nm) / Alq3: C545T (0.5 wt%, 10 nm) / Alq3 (40 nm) / LiF (0.5 nm) / Al (100 nm). The external quantum efficiency of the device reached 3.8% at a current density (luminance) of 4.6 mA/cm2 (310 cd/m2), and the maximal luminance of the device reached 19,000 cd/m2 at 11.5 V. The insignificant blue shift of the emitting color with an increasing current density can be attributed to the narrowing of the exciton formation zone width.