6 results on '"Rag gene"'
Search Results
2. Immunological and molecular study in children with combined immunodeficiency.
- Author
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Kholoussi S, Ramadan A, Kholoussi N, Ashaat EA, Fayez AG, Raouf HA, Helwa I, Esmaiel NN, Ghorab R, and Abo-Shanab AM
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Child, Immunophenotyping, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Immunoglobulins blood, Immunoglobulins genetics, Egypt, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency genetics, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency diagnosis, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency immunology, Mutation, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Homeodomain Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Summary: Background. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a form of immunodeficiencies (PID), caused by molecular defects. These defects can restrict the development and function of lymphocytes. Early diagnosis and treatment of SCID can lead to disease-free survival. This study aims to investigate some of the possible underlying genetic defects in a group of Egyptian infants and children with clinical and immunological profiles suggestive of SCID. Methods. This study included eighty patients who showed clinical warning signs of immunodeficiency. Subjects were thoroughly examined clinically. Laboratory evaluation included immunoglobulins serum levels and flow cytometric assessment of immune cells. This testing showed an altered immune profile in thirty patients. They had decreased T and/or B lymphocytes or natural killer cells. DNA extraction was done for those cases. The coding regions of the RAG1 gene and RAG2 gene was investigated for hot spot mutations by sequencing technique guided by the patient clinical evaluation, inheritance pattern, immunophenotyping by flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets, and serum immunoglobulins level detection. Results. Results showed novel and previously reported variants (mutation, polymorphism), they were found in 18 cases which include variants in the RAG1 gene (E880K, A960A, H249R, S913R, K820R, V782G), and variants in the RAG2 gene (P501T, L514M, rs10836573, cDNA.2129A>T). Conclusions. To evaluate SCID patients completely, mutation gene analysis is highly required and recommended.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Interactions of host-plant resistance and foliar insecticides for soybean aphid management.
- Author
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Hanson, Anthony A. and Koch, Robert L.
- Subjects
SOYBEAN diseases & pests ,HOST plants ,INSECTICIDES ,APHID control ,APHIS glycines - Abstract
Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphidae), a major pest of soybean in the Midwest U.S., is primarily controlled with insecticides, but aphid-resistant plants are becoming available for growers. However, aphid populations can still occasionally build to economically damaging levels on resistant plants, which require treatment with insecticides to protect yields. To determine if resistant plants alter soybean aphid susceptibility to foliar insecticides, aphid populations were monitored over two years from 2014 to 2015 in field experiments with near isogenic soybean lines that were either susceptible or resistant to aphids. Field plots of each soybean line were either untreated or treated with an organophosphate (i.e., chlorpyrifos), a pyrethroid (i.e., λ-cyhalothrin), or a mixture of pyrethrum and azadirachtin. Greenhouse bioassays were also conducted with near isogenic lines and two of the insecticides to examine potential interactions under more controlled conditions. In field plots, organophosphate and pyrethroid treatments significantly reduced cumulative aphid days on at least one soybean line each year; additive effects between resistant plants and insecticides were most common. However, significant synergistic interactions between resistant plants and insecticide were found for λ-cyhalothrin in 2015. On chlorpyrifos-treated plants, a synergistic interaction occurred in 2014 and an antagonistic interaction occurred in 2015, but aphid populations did not exceed those of untreated resistant plants. Interactions between aphid-resistant plants and foliar insecticides were variable, but these tactics generally appear compatible for integrated pest management programs. Growers could benefit from additive and synergistic interactions, and the only documented instance of antagonism had a relatively small effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Efficacy of lentivirus-mediated gene therapy in an Omenn syndrome recombination-activating gene 2 mouse model is not hindered by inflammation and immune dysregulation
- Author
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Capo, V, Castiello, M, Fontana, E, Penna, S, Bosticardo, M, Draghici, E, Poliani, L, Sergi Sergi, L, Rigoni, R, Cassani, B, Zanussi, M, Carrera, P, Uva, P, Dobbs, K, Sacchetti, N, Notarangelo, L, van Til, N, Wagemaker, G, Villa, A, Castiello, MC, Poliani, LP, Notarangelo, LD, van Til N. P., Capo, V, Castiello, M, Fontana, E, Penna, S, Bosticardo, M, Draghici, E, Poliani, L, Sergi Sergi, L, Rigoni, R, Cassani, B, Zanussi, M, Carrera, P, Uva, P, Dobbs, K, Sacchetti, N, Notarangelo, L, van Til, N, Wagemaker, G, Villa, A, Castiello, MC, Poliani, LP, Notarangelo, LD, and van Til N. P.
- Abstract
Background: Omenn syndrome (OS) is a rare severe combined immunodeficiency associated with autoimmunity and caused by defects in lymphoid-specific V(D)J recombination. Most patients carry hypomorphic mutations in recombination-activating gene (RAG) 1 or 2. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment; however, gene therapy (GT) might represent a valid alternative, especially for patients lacking a matched donor. Objective: We sought to determine the efficacy of lentiviral vector (LV)–mediated GT in the murine model of OS (Rag2 R229Q/R229Q ) in correcting immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. Methods: Lineage-negative cells from mice with OS were transduced with an LV encoding the human RAG2 gene and injected into irradiated recipients with OS. Control mice underwent transplantation with wild-type or OS-untransduced lineage-negative cells. Immunophenotyping, T-dependent and T-independent antigen challenge, immune spectratyping, autoantibody detection, and detailed tissue immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results: LV-mediated GT allowed immunologic reconstitution, although it was suboptimal compared with that seen in wild-type bone marrow (BM)−transplanted OS mice in peripheral blood and hematopoietic organs, such as the BM, thymus, and spleen. We observed in vivo variability in the efficacy of GT correlating with the levels of transduction achieved. Immunoglobulin levels and T-cell repertoire normalized, and gene-corrected mice responded properly to challenges in vivo. Autoimmune manifestations, such as skin infiltration and autoantibodies, dramatically improved in GT mice with a vector copy number/genome higher than 1 in the BM and 2 in the thymus. Conclusions: Our data show that LV-mediated GT for patients with OS significantly ameliorates the immunodeficiency, even in an inflammatory environment.
- Published
- 2018
5. Efficacy Of Lentivirus-Mediated Gene Therapy In An Omenn Syndrome Recombination-Activating Gene 2 Mouse Model Is Not Hindered By Inflammation And Immune Dysregulation
- Author
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Anna Villa, Paola Carrera, Marita Bosticardo, Elena Fontana, Maria Carmina Castiello, Sara Penna, Monica Zanussi, Lucia Sergi Sergi, Elena Draghici, Luigi Poliani, Nicolò Sacchetti, Gerard Wagemaker, Valentina Capo, Barbara Cassani, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Niek P. van Til, Kerry Dobbs, Rosita Rigoni, Paolo Uva, İç Hastalıkları, Hematology, Capo, V, Castiello, M, Fontana, E, Penna, S, Bosticardo, M, Draghici, E, Poliani, L, Sergi Sergi, L, Rigoni, R, Cassani, B, Zanussi, M, Carrera, P, Uva, P, Dobbs, K, Sacchetti, N, Notarangelo, L, van Til, N, Wagemaker, G, and Villa, A
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Rag gene ,Allergy ,T-Lymphocytes ,Genetic enhancement ,Immunology ,Autoimmunity ,Mice, Transgenic ,Article ,Gene therapy ,Lentiviral vector ,Omenn syndrome ,Rag genes ,Immunology and Allergy ,03 medical and health sciences ,RAG2 ,medicine ,Animals ,Lymphocyte Count ,Immunodeficiency ,Inflammation ,B-Lymphocytes ,Severe combined immunodeficiency ,business.industry ,Lentivirus ,Genetic Therapy ,medicine.disease ,Autoimmune regulator ,3. Good health ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Transplantation ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Primary immunodeficiency ,Female ,Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ,business - Abstract
Background Omenn syndrome (OS) is a rare severe combined immunodeficiency associated with autoimmunity and caused by defects in lymphoid-specific V(D)J recombination. Most patients carry hypomorphic mutations in recombination-activating gene ( RAG ) 1 or 2. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment; however, gene therapy (GT) might represent a valid alternative, especially for patients lacking a matched donor. Objective We sought to determine the efficacy of lentiviral vector (LV)–mediated GT in the murine model of OS (Rag2 R229Q/R229Q ) in correcting immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. Methods Lineage-negative cells from mice with OS were transduced with an LV encoding the human RAG2 gene and injected into irradiated recipients with OS. Control mice underwent transplantation with wild-type or OS-untransduced lineage-negative cells. Immunophenotyping, T-dependent and T-independent antigen challenge, immune spectratyping, autoantibody detection, and detailed tissue immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results LV-mediated GT allowed immunologic reconstitution, although it was suboptimal compared with that seen in wild-type bone marrow (BM)−transplanted OS mice in peripheral blood and hematopoietic organs, such as the BM, thymus, and spleen. We observed in vivo variability in the efficacy of GT correlating with the levels of transduction achieved. Immunoglobulin levels and T-cell repertoire normalized, and gene-corrected mice responded properly to challenges in vivo . Autoimmune manifestations, such as skin infiltration and autoantibodies, dramatically improved in GT mice with a vector copy number/genome higher than 1 in the BM and 2 in the thymus. Conclusions Our data show that LV-mediated GT for patients with OS significantly ameliorates the immunodeficiency, even in an inflammatory environment.
- Published
- 2018
6. Jasmonic Acid-Isoleucine (JA-Ile) Is Involved in the Host-Plant Resistance Mechanism Against the Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
- Author
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Yates-Stewart AD, Pekarcik A, Michel A, and Blakeslee JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Cyclopentanes, Isoleucine, Oxylipins, Plant Defense Against Herbivory, Glycine max, Aphids
- Abstract
Host-plant resistance (HPR) is an important tool for pest management, affording both economic and environmental benefits. The mechanisms of aphid resistance in soybean are not well understood, but likely involve the induction of the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway, and possibly other phytohormone signals involved in plant defense responses. Despite the efficacy of aphid resistance in soybean, virulent aphids have overcome this resistance through mostly unknown mechanisms. Here, we have used metabolomic tools to define the role of plant phytohormones, especially the JA pathway, in regulating interactions between aphid-resistant soybean and virulent aphids. We hypothesized that virulent aphids avoid or suppress the JA pathway to overcome aphid resistance. Our results suggested that aphid-resistant soybean increased accumulation of JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) only when infested with avirulent aphids; virulent aphids did not cause induction of JA-Ile. Further, applying JA-Ile to aphid-resistant soybean reduced subsequent virulent aphid populations. The concentrations of other phytohormones remained unchanged due to aphid feeding, highlighting the importance of JA-Ile in this interaction. These results increase our knowledge of soybean resistance mechanisms against soybean aphids and contribute to our understanding of aphid virulence mechanisms, which will in turn promote the durability of HPR., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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