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BackgroundHomeless people are continuously facing adverse living conditions as poor access to basic nutrition, hygiene conditions and healthcare services, being at increased risk of severe infectious diseases as HIV and hepatitis as well as cardiovascular diseases and mental disorders. The characterization of homeless people’s health is fundamental to identify their health care needs. Considering that the aforementioned diseases are associated with chronic inflammatory processes, the main goal of this study was to characterize the inflammatory profile of a homeless population through quantification in saliva of a panel of inflammatory cytokines.MethodsThe inflammatory profile was assessed in 114 individuals residing in two temporary shelters located in Lisbon and that accepted to participated in the study. Inflammatory proteins were quantified using a Multiplex Immunoassay approach. Data analysis was performed using the GraphPad Prism software and statistical significance among the groups was assessed using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test.ResultsEven though some protein levels might be masked by drug treatment, data analysis showed high levels of INF-ϒ, IL-10 and TNF-α in the infectious disease group, critical cytokines for the immune response against viruses and bacteria. Also, cytokines like IL-1β and IL-6 were detected at statistically significant levels in the cardiovascular disease group and all cytokines included in this study were quantified in the mental disorders group.ConclusionThese findings may help the healthcare services in the evaluation of treatment efficacy and disease monitoring, and in the development of effective public healthcare strategies and policy interventions to improve quality of life of the homeless population.

Introduction: Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a rare abnormality of pulmonary vasculature. It can be idiopathic or secondary to various pathologies, frequently with multiple factors leading to its formation. We report the case of a man with concomitant sarcoidosis and PAA. Case description: A 75-year-old male with a diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis was referred to the Cardiology department due to heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The transthoracic echocardiogram revealed mildly reduced LVEF, aortic root and pulmonary artery (PA) dilatation, and no signs of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed, revealing mild left ventricular dilation, LVEF of 40%, main PA dilation (43 mm) and a pattern of late gadolinium enhancement suggestive of cardiac sarcoidosis. At follow-up, a thoracic computed tomography (CT) angiography scan revealed ascending aorta ectasia and giant main PA aneurysm (60 mm). A right heart catheterisation was performed, and a mean PA pressure of 34 mmHg was obtained. Given the clinical context, the patient was considered to have PH due to lung disease and left heart disease, and PAA was possible due to vascular granulomatous involvement by sarcoidosis. Conclusion: PAA is a rare finding and mostly occurs in the setting of PH. Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease that mostly affects the lungs, but the sarcoid involvement of great vessels has been described. In this clinical case, the probable cause for the PA fragility leading to aneurysm formation remains sarcoid vascular infiltration, regarding the discrepancy between the PA dimensions and mildly elevated PA pressure.

Introduction: Pericardial effusion is common in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, it is rarely its first manifestation. Case description: An 82-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and fever. Blood analysis revealed elevated systemic inflammatory markers, and an abdominal computed tomography scan revealed non-specific alveolar condensation of the right pulmonary base and pericardial effusion subsequently quantified as medium size by transthoracic echocardiography. A large aetiological panel was requested, with the autoimmunity study revealing high levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated cyclic peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. Since the patient did not present articular involvement, the initial hypothesis was pericardial effusion due to pneumonia and no specific treatment for RA was started. At follow-up, the pericardial effusion recurred and a pericardiocentesis was performed. The pericardial fluid analysis was sterile, and no malignant cells were identified. A new serological study confirmed high levels of RF and anti-CCP antibodies, and immunomodulatory treatment was initiated. After one year, the pericardial effusion recurred due to non-compliance with immunomodulatory therapy. A surgical pleuro-pericardial window was performed, and the cytological study of the pericardial patch revealed submesothelial thickening and foci of perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate. The patient remained asymptomatic. Discussion: After exclusion of a large spectrum of infectious and non-infectious causes and the relapse after suspension of immunomodulatory treatment, the most probable aetiology for the pericardial effusion remains RA. Conclusion: Pericardial syndromes can be the first manifestation of AR even in the absence of articular symptoms and this disease must be considered in the aetiological investigation.

Hesperinus Walker, 1848, a member of Bibionidae (Diptera), is a Holarctic and Oriental genus. The genus has been reported from the Neotropical Region twice: i) Hesperinus conjungens Schiner, 1868, transferred to Plecia Wiedemann, 1828 by Hardy in 1967, and ii) additional specimens identified as Hesperinus sp. by Messias Carrera in 1944. In this study, we revisited the Carrera’s specimens, identifying them as Plecia sp. Additionally, we discussed the taxonomy of Plecia conjungens and compiled a list of articles that consider the species as Hesperinus.

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

RESUMO As fronteiras do capital neoextrativista avançam sobre territórios de populações tradicionais, provocando conflitos socioambientais, agravando a crise civilizatória, ameaçando a sustentação da vida no planeta. A pedagogia do território, a práxis acadêmica no Núcleo Tramas, traz pistas para que os sujeitos da universidade incidam na assimetria de forças presente nos territórios em conflito ambiental. Duas experiências iluminam as reflexões deste ensaio. Na luta pela construção do seu território camponês, as vivências das comunidades de Apodi/RN anunciam a agroecologia como forma de resistir ao Projeto da Morte. Por sua vez, o Núcleo de Reflexões, Estudos e Experiências em Agroecologia e Justiça Ambiental revelam o protagonismo das mulheres na construção da agroecologia e na defesa de seus territórios. Sob a perspectiva decolonial, discutem-se as bases teórico-epistemológicas, que incitam metodologias insurgentes e fomentam o diálogo de saberes, ressignificando os sujeitos cognoscentes. A mediação entre as vozes dos povos do semiárido e o campo científico da saúde coletiva provoca a reflexão: quais são os recados desses povos para a academia? Enquanto ainda se buscam possibilidades, os camponeses já têm, há muito, anunciado a agroecologia como alternativa para produzir, existir harmonicamente na natureza, promover saúde e resistir aos efeitos da colonialidade.

As malformações congênitas anorretais são raras em cães e gatos filhotes, sendo que a atresia anal associada à fístula retovaginal é uma das mais frequentemente encontradas. O seu diagnóstico baseia-se nos achados clínicos e no exame físico. O tratamento consiste na correção cirúrgica pela reconstrução vaginal e da porção final do reto. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de atresia anal tipo IV associada à fístula retovaginal em uma cadela, sem raça definida, de um mês de idade, submetida à cirurgia corretiva de anoplastia. É relatada a técnica cirúrgica utilizada na paciente, bem como as complicações pós-operatórias que a mesma desenvolveu decorrente da afecção em questão, o tratamento terapêutico e cirúrgico instituído. O diagnóstico rápido associado à melhor escolha de tratamento, a reconstrução do orifício anal, mostraram-se eficaz e permitiram a manutenção das funções normais dos tratos geniturinário e gastrointestinal da paciente, apesar das complicações secundárias desenvolvidas por se tratar de uma cirurgia em uma região contaminada.

Gemcitabine is a widely used drug in the treatment of diverse malignancies and its use has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This drug has been associated with a rare adverse event, the Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), characterized by acute kidney injury, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. The purpose of this report is to draw attention to an atypical manifestation of this severe and unusual complication, and discuss its management and outcome. We report a 70-year-old woman with Li-Fraumeni syndrome diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and leiomyosarcoma, whom after fourteen cycles of therapy with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, with good disease control, developed clinical manifestation of atypical HUS with exuberant pulmonary symptoms, followed by hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure presenting on an unusual sequential fashion. The case highlights the importance of maintaining a high suspicion for SHU in patients receiving gemcitabine,being aware that delayed and atypical manifestations may occur.

A hérnia perineal é um tipo de hérnia que acomete mais os caninos, principalmente os animais não castrados. A etiologia da mesma ainda é incerta, mas está relacionada a um enfraquecimento dos músculos do diafragma pélvico, acarretando a protrusão de órgão ou tecidos para a região perineal. Caracteriza-se pela presença de disquesia, constipação e aumento de volume na região perineal. O diagnóstico é basicamente clínico, através do toque retal e exames radiográficos ou ultrassonográficos, e o tratamento é através da correção cirúrgica. Atualmente, existem diversas técnicas descritas para a correção de hérnias perineais, contudo as que utilizam transposições musculares apresentam maior eficiência. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso de hérnia perineal associada a divertículo retal do lado direito em um canino. A correção do defeito foi através da herniorrafia perineal com transposição do músculo obturador interno associada a plicatura das camadas muscular e serosa retal para a correção do divertículo.

Abstract Objectives: investigate the association between breastfeeding duration and the incidence of severe caries in preschoolers. Methods: a cohort study was conducted with 132 pairs of mothers and children in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. Data collection was performed in 2 moments: when the children were between two and three years of age (baseline- 2013/2014) and after three years (T1-2016/2017). In both moments, children were evaluated for dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System - ICDAS) and a questionnaire was administered to the mothers addressing socioeconomic aspects and thee habits of children. The outcome evaluated was the incidence of severe caries (Dentin caries - ICDAS Codes 5 and 6). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and Poisson hierarchical regression with robust variance. Results: children who breastfed for more than 24 months (RR = 2.24 CI95%= 1.23-4.08), those whose parents were separated (RR = 1.73 CI95%= 1.11-2.69), and those with estab-lished/severe caries (RR = 2.74 CI95%= 1.37-5.49) at baseline were at greater risk of incidence of severe caries after three years. Conclusion: breastfeeding for more than 24 months is a risk factor for incidence of severe caries. In addition, family structure and established or severe baseline caries were associated.

Abstract Roraima is a Brazilian state located in the northern portion of the Amazon basin, with few studies regarding its biodiversity. The Ecological Station of Maracá (Brazil, state of Roraima) harbors the third largest Brazilian pluvial island and is composed of a transitional landscape of savanna and Amazon rainforest components. Despite its ecological importance and strategic localization, few studies covered the dipterofauna of this locality. An updated checklist addressing 41 families of true flies (Diptera) occurring in Roraima is presented based on the literature and the specimens collected during a field expedition that occurred in 2015. This checklist brings several improvements such as new records of 165 taxa to the state of Roraima, 29 taxa to Brazil, and 259 morphotypes, mostly likely representing undescribed species.

This paper provided a list of all new Brazilian Hexapoda species described in 2020. Furthermore, based on the information extracted by this list, we tackled additional questions regarding the taxa, the specialists involved in the species descriptions as well as the journals in which those papers have been published. We recorded a total of 680 new Brazilian species of Hexapoda described in 2020, classified in 245 genera, 112 families and 18 orders. These 680 species were published in a total of 2019 articles comprising 423 different authors residing in 27 countries. Only 30% of these authors are women, which demonstrates an inequality regarding sexes. In relation to the number of authors by species, the majority of the new species had two authors and the maximum of authors by species was five. We also found inequalities in the production of described species regarding the regions of Brazil, with Southeast and South leading. The top 10 institutions regarding productions of new species have four in the Southeast, two at South and with one at North Region being the outlier of this pattern. Out of the total 219 published articles, Zootaxa dominated with 322 described species in 95 articles. The average impact factor was of 1.4 with only seven articles being published in Impact Factors above 3, indicating a hardship on publishing taxonomic articles in high-impact journals. The highlight of this paper is that it is unprecedent, as no annual record of Hexapoda species described was ever made in previous years to Brazil.

Procuramos, neste artigo, discutir a relação entre a reprodução do capital no campo e a intensificação da injustiça socioambiental, sobretudo mediante a expansão do agronegócio globalizado que tem deixado profundas marcas nos sujeitos e nos territórios. Trazemos como exemplo dessa dinâmica processos observados no município de Quixeré, no Ceará, um local escolhido por grandes empresas do agronegócio da fruticultura para fomentar a territorialização do capital, gerando impactos dos mais diversos, como a contaminação de trabalhadores e do ambiente em razão do uso de agrotóxicos. Nesse sentido, buscamos evidenciar o caráter devastador no qual está assentada a expansão do agronegócio, que não tem respeitado a vida dos povos do campo.

Neoempheria Osten Sacken is a genus of Mycetophilidae that has a life cycle associated with fungi. The genus is diverse in the Neotropical region, with 41 species known from Brazil that are predominantly known in southern and southeastern areas. This study reports on the first record of this genus for Pará state and redescribes Neoempheria bilobata Edwards, which was previously decribed from a male holotype from southern Brazil. We furnished high-resolution images and illustrations, as well as a detailed redescription of this species, based on male and female specimens.

Resumo Objetivo analisar sistematicamente as publicações referentes ao cenário do mercado de trabalho para idosos e às situações de violência enfrentadas pelos idosos ativos. Método foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) PubMed e Science Direct. Resultados foram encontrados 19 trabalhos, 89,4% dos casos de origem internacional, sendo 52,6% com abordagem quantitativa; 31,5%, qualitativa; e, 15,7%, mista. As áreas do conhecimento que concentraram a maioria dos estudos foram saúde, psicologia e gerontologia com 15,7%, sendo a maior parte dos estudos publicados nos anos de 2019, com 31,5% e 26,3% de recorrências respectivamente. Conclusão os estudos evidenciaram que os idosos encontram dificuldades de se manterem no mercado de trabalho pelas inadequações do local de trabalho e pela condição de saúde do idoso. Por outro lado, existem iniciativas governamentais que visam melhorar as condições de trabalho dos longevos, sendo a presença do idoso benéfica para sua saúde e também para o mercado. Em relação à violência sofrida no trabalho, os estudos são escassos, e os existentes destacam as dificuldades de entrada e permanência dos longevos no mercado em detrimento do ageismo e dos estereótipos ligados ao envelhecimento. Finalmente, com o envelhecimento da população considera-se importante pensar políticas públicas que proporcionem ao idoso condições adequadas de se manter ativo com a proteção de sua saúde e qualidade de vida.

Abstract This paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of Rangomaramidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP). Label data and the condition of 26 type-specimens (three holotypes and 23 paratypes) of four Neotropical species are provided.

Background: Dental pain is one of the most common symptoms of untreated oral problems and exerts a strong impact on the well-being of children. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associated factors with dental pain in children aged 1–3 years using the Brazilian version of the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ-B). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. A total of 318 randomly selected children were submitted to an oral clinical examination for the evaluation of tooth injuries and dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System, [ICDAS]). The caregivers of the children were asked to answer the DDQ-B as well as a questionnaire addressing demographic and socioeconomic aspects of the family. Statistical analysis was performed and involved the description of frequencies as well as Poisson hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Dental pain was associated with a household income less than the Brazilian minimum monthly wage (Prevalence ratios [PRs] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.66, P = 0.011) and dental caries in dentin – ICDAS codes 5 and 6 (PR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13–1.94, P = 0.004). Conclusions: Greater frequencies of dental pain were found in 1–3-year-old children from families with a low monthly income and dental caries with visible dentin with or without pulp involvement.

The induction of general plant defense responses following the perception of external elicitors is now regarded as the first level of the plant immune response. Depending on the involvement or not of these molecules in pathogenicity, this induction of defense is called either Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) Triggered Immunity or Pattern Triggered Immunity-both abbreviated to PTI. Because PTI is assumed to be a widespread and stable form of resistance to infection, understanding the mechanisms driving it becomes a major goal for the sustainable management of plant-pathogen interactions. However, the induction of PTI is complex. Our hypotheses are that (i) the recognition by the plant of PAMPs vs non-PAMP elicitors leads to specific defense profiles and (ii) the responses specifically induced by PAMPs target critical life history traits of the pathogen that produced them. We thus analyzed, using a metabolomic approach coupled with transcriptomic and hormonal analyses, the defense profiles induced in potato foliage treated with either a Concentrated Culture Filtrate (CCF) from Phytophthora infestans or two non-PAMP preparations, β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) and an Ulva spp. Extract, used separately. Each elicitor induced specific defense profiles. CCF up-regulated sesquiterpenes but down-regulated sterols and phenols, notably α-chaconine, caffeoyl quinic acid and rutin, which decreased spore production of P. infestans in vitro. CCF thus induces both defense and counter-defense responses. By contrast, the Ulva extract triggered the synthesis of a large-spectrum of antimicrobial compounds through the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathways, while BABA targeted the primary metabolism. Hence, PTI can be regarded as a heterogeneous set of general and pathogen-specific responses triggered by the molecular signatures of each elicitor, rather than as a uniform, non-specific and broad-spectrum set of general defense reactions.

Abstract The Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), São Paulo, Brazil houses the largest and most representative Brazilian collection of Diptera. In the present study, following a recommendation of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, it is presented a catalogue of the type specimens of Diadocidiidae and Ditomyiidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the MZUSP. Label data and the condition of preservation of 27 type specimens (nine holotypes, two paralectotypes, and 16 paratypes) of 14 Neotropical species are provided.

O diabetes mellitus (DM) está associado ao desenvolvimento de complicações macroangiopáticas e microangiopáticas. Sugere-se que o pé diabético seja responsável por até 70% das amputações não traumáticas em membros inferiores. O objetivo foi identificar a frequência de alterações vasculares e neurológicas dos pés em pacientes diabéticos internados. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal em hospital universitário de agosto/2015 a agosto/2016. Os pacientes foram submetidos a exame físico detalhado dos pés com avaliação das sensibilidades protetora plantar, vibratória e dolorosa e pesquisa do reflexo aquileu. Também foram colhidos dados socio-demográficos e de presença de comorbidades. Considerou-se portador de neuropatia quem apresentou perda de dois tipos de sensibilidade, e de vasculopatia quem teve claudicação intermitente ou pulsos com diminuição de amplitude. Dos 76 pacientes examinados, 61,8% do sexo feminino, a média de idade foi 60,7 ± 13,5 anos. Destes, 64,4% apresentavam sobrepeso/obesidade (IMC 28,6 ± 6,3). O tempo de diagnóstico do DM foi de 9,5 anos ± 7,6. Associação com tabagismo estava presente em 47,3% dos pacientes, e com etilismo em 38,1% . A comorbidade mais prevalente foi hipertensão arterial sistêmica, em 80,2%. Alteração na avaliação dos pés mais comum foi diminuição de sensibilidade, presente em 69,7% dos pacientes. Redução de pulsos foi encontrada em 34,2%, e 6,5% dos pacientes eram amputados. 13,2% dos indivíduos estudados apresentavam sinais de vasculopatia e neuropatia associadamente ao exame físico. Não houve diferença entre grupos com vasculopatia e neuropatia em relação ao tempo e controle de DM, e frequencia de complicações crônicas. Alta frequência de alterações neurovasculares foi evidenciada, o que reforçou a importância da avaliação periódica dos pés, visando evitar complicações, piora da qualidade de vida e aumento do custo para saúde pública.

Abstract Following a recommendation of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, this paper provides a catalogue of the type specimens of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) held in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP). Label data and the condition of 21 type specimens (two holotypes and 19 paratypes) of two Neotropical species is provided. Photographs of the male terminalia of the holotypes are also presented.

Catalogue of the type-specimens of Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae and Ditomyiidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha) in the Natural History Museum, London. A commented list of the types of three families of Bibionomorpha - Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae and Ditomyiidae - housed at the Natural History Museum (London) is provided. This includes four holotypes and one paratype of five species of Bolitophilidae; one paratype and three syntypes of two species of Diadocidiidae; and 17 holotypes, 91 paratypes, four lectotypes, and fourteen paralectotypes of 38 species of Ditomyiidae. Lectotypes are designated for the Neotropical species of the ditomyiids Australosymmerus (Melosymmerus) bisetosus Edwards, 1940 and A. (M.) pediferus Edwards, 1940.

Resilience after exposure to a traumatic event is related to the efficiency of coping strategies. Nevertheless, it is not clear what reveals itself as efficient after exposure to trauma. With this review analysis the aim was to understand, in face of psychological results, what specific coping strategies emerge as efficient for subsequent psychological adjustment. The review focused on electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus e Google Scholar) for studies, published in English between 2000 and 2012, that evaluated coping strategies and psychological results in adults that were victims of a traumatic event two years prior to evaluation. Of the 60 publications initially found, only five were included in this review analysis. No studies were found accounting for an association between social coping and psychological adjustment. There are some controversies about avoidance strategies being more harmful that the verbalization of negative feelings, suggesting there is a need to reflect about the benefits of encouraging victims to express feelings and thoughts after a traumatic event.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características de crescimento, produção e caracterizar alguns atributos de qualidade dos frutos do cultivar de bananeira-Figo-Cinza em dois ciclos de produção, nos anos de 2009 e 2010. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento, tais como altura da planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas, número de perfilhos e número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita. Estas medidas foram feitas na emissão da inflorescência. Foram mensuradas também as características de produção, como peso do cacho, número de frutos, número de pencas, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos da 2ª penca. Em relação à qualidade dos frutos, foram analisados os atributos físicos e químicos: textura; pH; acidez titulável e sólidos solúveis. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com dois tratamentos (ciclos), cinco repetições e duas plantas úteis por parcela experimental. Foi utilizado o teste de Tukey (P< 0,05) para a comparação entre as médias. Em geral, as características de crescimento e produção foram maiores no segundo ciclo, apresentando 134 dias do florescimento à colheita, circunferência do pseudocaule de 64,20 cm, altura de planta igual a 3,82 m e peso de cacho de 11,83 kg. Os atributos de qualidade não variaram entre os ciclos, exceto a textura, que foi maior no segundo ciclo, com valores médios de 993,31 gfcm-2.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the initial results after the implementation of perioperative protocol in patients over 60 years of age undergoing surgical treatment for femur fractures. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of patients older than 60 years who were hospitalized with femur fracture. They were operated under spinal anesthesia and analgesia by lumbar plexus blockade. Data evaluation was performed before arrival in the operating room during surgery, in the post-anesthesia recovery room and in the ward the next morning of the operation. RESULTS: 105 patients underwent various types of surgical corrections of the femur. The hospital stay ranged from three to 86 days. Fasting ranged from 9h15min to 19h30mn. Hypotension occurred in 5.7%. The duration of motor blockade ranged from 1h45min to 5h30imn. Maltodextrin feeding ranged from 50min to 3h45min and the time spent in the post-anesthetic care unit ranged from 50 minutes to 4 hours. Onset of oral intake in the ward ranged from 4hto 8h15min. The duration of anesthesia ranged from 14 to 33 hours. No patient required a urinary catheter, nor was transferred to the ICU. All patients were able to be discharged on the first postoperative day. CONCLUSION: The use of a protocol to accelerate the postoperative period may reduce the fasting time, length of hospital stay and provide faster i discharge n elderly patients with femur fractures.

Abstract The species Neoceroplatus betaryiensis sp. nov. is presented here with the diagnosis of the species with indication of the ZooBank number, making this publication the valid description of the species.

RESUMO Neste trabalho, é fornecida uma lista de espécies de Bibionomorpha conhecidas para o estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Das famílias dessa subordem de Diptera, apenas Anisopodidae, Sciaridae, Keroplatidae e Mycetophilidae foram registradas até o momento para essa região. Anisopodidae é representada por um gênero e uma espécie, Sciaridae por três gêneros e nove espécies, Keroplatidae por cinco gêneros e seis espécies, enquanto que Mycetophilidae é conhecida por oito gêneros e 14 espécies. São elencadas possíveis espécies das famílias de Bibionomorpha já conhecidas da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil cuja presença é esperada no Mato Grosso do Sul. Este levantamento é bastante indicativo da enorme diferença existente entre o conhecimento efetivo da biodiversidade de um grupo importante, como Diptera, em uma área grande, como o Mato Grosso do Sul, e a diversidade real do grupo em uma região do Brasil.