Search

O voleibol, a par de outras modalidades desportivas, vem tendo ao longo do tempo um crescimento ao nível da metodologia de treino e análise de jogo. Com o surgimento de várias correntes, o objetivo de compreender, cada vez mais, como maximizar o potencial dos vários atletas, tem sido cada vez mais aproximado. Este relatório está dividido em cinco grandes capítulos com três áreas fundamentais. Primeiramente o contexto de estágio é enquadrado numa breve introdução (capítulo um), seguinda de uma revisão de literatura (capítulo dois) sobre a modalidade. A Área um (capítulo três) diz respeito a toda a organização e gestão do processo de treino e competição da época 2020-2021. A Área dois (capítulo quatro) é a área de investigação, onde é apresentada uma sugestão metodológica para a abordagem dos treinadores à formação dos atletas no voleibol. A Área três (capítulo cinco) é a área da relação com a comunidade, onde foi realizada uma tertúlia junto dos treinadores de voleibol do SL Benfica, e onde se debateu a utilização da avaliação e treino funcional, tanto de forma teórica como prática. Volleyball, alongside other sports, has been growing over the time in terms of training methodology and game analysis. With the emergence of various movements, the objective of understanding, even more, how to maximize the potential of various athletes has been increasingly approached. This report is divided into five major chapters with three key areas. First, the internship context is framed in a brief introduction (chapter one), followed by a literature review (chapter two) about the sport. Area one (chapter three) concerns the entire organization and management of the training and competition process for the 2020-2021 season. Area two (chapter four) is an area of investigation, where a methodological suggestion is presented for the approach of coaches to the training of youth athletes in volleyball. Area three (chapter five) is an area of relation with the community, where a meeting was held with SL Benfica's volleyball coaches, and where the use of functional evaluation and training is discussed, both theoretically and practically.

Esca is a destructive fungal disease affecting grapevines worldwide. In the Esca complex, grapevine leaf stripe disease (GLSD) designates specifically the disease that causes the typical leaf symptoms on infected vines. Understanding foliage alterations produced by GLSD may help to identify potential markers of tolerance to this disease. In this work, changes related to physiological parameters, photosynthetic pigments and phenolic compounds were evaluated. Moreover, the expression of 10 genes was tracked determined by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. For this, symptomatic and asymptomatic vines from three different Tempranillo vineyards were evaluated. Vineyards differed in climate classification and water resources. Botryosphaeriaceae species and Esca causal agents (Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium spp. and Fomitiporia mediterranea) were isolated and identified from symptomatic vines. Under water restriction, a significant decrease on the physiological activity of symptomatic vines was observed. Also, symptomatic leaves showed lower content on chlorophylls and carotenoids and some alterations on their phenolic profiles. GLSD symptoms induced the expression of defense-related genes, especially PR6, STS and Chit 1b. This research provides valuable information regarding physiological, chemical and molecular changes in Esca affected leaves of Tempranillo grown in vineyards related to the climate conditions.

A Seca e um fenomeno complexo e natural que ocorre devido a diversos fatores climaticos inerentes as regioes que sao acometidas por este evento. Os indices de seca sao ferramentas capazes de monitorar este fenomeno, bem como avaliar sua severidade. Por meio de uma Revisao Sistematica de Literatura (RSL), foi possivel tracar um panorama a respeito da utilizacao dos indices de seca no Brasil, observando, em 39 estudos de periodicos e simposios, que 38% dos trabalhos utilizaram o Indice de Precipitacao Padronizado (SPI) e que a regiao Nordeste foi o foco de estudo em 46% dos artigos analisados.

Nutrition management of vines is a key factor that regulates production and determines grape quality. Currently, one of the main objectives of fertilization is to apply eco-friendly and balanced nutrition. In this case, fertigation is the most efficient strategy. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of innovative fertilizers on Syrah grapevines. The tested products contained an elicitor, macro- and microelements and amino acids from animal and vegetal origins. Fertilizers were applied by fertigation under field conditions in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The influence of the treatments on the grapevine gas exchange, element assimilation and oenological composition of must was evaluated. Additionally, the amino acid contents and volatile composition were determined. The results suggest that application of fertigation does not directly influence the water status of Syrah vines under the conditions of the study but can improve the gas exchange balance and N assimilation. Moreover, the leaf assimilation of Zn, Ca and, to a lesser extent, B were improved at the bloom stage, and the assimilation of Mn was improved at veraison. Small changes were observed in the basic parameters of musts, and an increase in yeast assimilable nitrogen was detected in treated vines. The aromatic profile of grape musts was enhanced in treated vines, and the elicitors enriched in vegetal amino acids could be a sustainable alternative for improving certain vegetative and grape quality parameters of Syrah.

La contribucion de Gerbner al estudio de los medios es clasica e innovadora a la vez. Constituye una lucida e imaginativa respuesta a cuestiones no resueltas en el pasado, relacionadas, en su mayor parte, con los efectos sociales de los medios. En mi opinion, supera definitivamente concepciones que han bloqueado persistentemente el desarrollo de la investigacion en un campo que ocupa un espacio relevante en las ciencias sociales. En lo que sigue voy a exponer a la consideracion del lector una serie de argumentos que justifican las afirmaciones anteriores y que es forzoso presentar mas sucitamente de lo que seria deseable. Lo que aqui aparece meramente enunciado ha dado lugar en distintos momentos a extensas polemicas, zanjadas, en ocasiones, antes del hallazgo de una solucion plena