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The aim of this study was to analyze the survival of dental implants installed in maxillae reconstructed with autogenous iliac crest grafts and to assess patient satisfaction with the treatment by means of a questionnaire. The study conducted medical record reviews and clinical/radiographic assessments of 10 patients with severe maxillary atrophy who had undergone reconstruction with autogenous iliac crest grafts and rehabilitation with dental implants between 2008 and 2011. Patients were assessed for the survival of the implants, considering implant diameter and length, smoking status, diagnosis of diabetes, type of loss, and region of implant loss. In addition, a questionnaire with specific questions on the patients' satisfaction with the treatment was administered. Seventy-six implants were installed in the sampled patients, and only 1 loss was observed (late loss in the anterior maxilla region) after an average follow-up of 7.9 years, which corresponds to a 98.60% survival rate. The installed implants were of the most frequently used dimension (3.75 × 10 mm). One sampled patient was diabetic, and a second patient was both diabetic and a smoker. No loss of implants was observed in these 2 patients. All patients reported being completely satisfied with the treatment and would undergo the procedure again or refer it to a friend/relative. Six patients reported regular maintenance of the prosthesis, and only 3 had changed the prosthesis prior to the time of questionnaire administration. The results of this limited study with a restricted sample population suggest that the reconstruction of the maxilla with an autogenous iliac crest graft provides both adequate implant survival and patient satisfaction.

The energy sector is undergoing substantial transition with the integration of variable renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar energy. These sources come with hourly, daily, seasonal and yearly variations; raising the need for short and long-term energy storage technologies to guarantee the smooth and secure supply of electricity. This paper critically reviews the existing types of pumped-hydro storage plants, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration. We propose some innovative arrangements for pumped-hydro storage, which increases the possibility to find suitable locations for building large-scale reservoirs for long-term energy and water storage. Some of the proposed arrangements are compared in a case study for the upper Zambezi water basin, which has considerable water storage limitations due to its flat topography and arid climate. Results demonstrate that the proposed combined short and long-term cycles pumped-storage arrangement could be a viable solution for energy storage and reduce the cost for water storage to near zero.

With the increase in the number of devices connected to the internet, caused mainly by the rise of the internet of things paradigm, the core of the network tends to suffer from the scarcity of resources, which, in turn, causes a higher rate of connection blocking. This article proposes a algorithm for routing, spectrum and core allocation for spatial-division multiplexing elastic optical networks that uses classes of service with different levels of protection quality to increase the acceptance rate of requests, guaranteeing 100% protection against failures to higher priority flows. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in establishing connections with high priority compared to others found in the literature.

The satisfactory positioning of an implant during dental surgery is essential to the success of the treatment. However, accidents can occur during the period of osseointegration, leading to implant movements that hinder or may even prevent prosthetic rehabilitation. Implants can be repositioned through sandwich osteotomy, which has been labeled a versatile, viable and predictable technique in the literature. The aim of the present study was to report a case involving the esthetic displacement of an implant, caused by a sports accident, which was repositioned using sandwich osteotomy, with the interposition of lyophilized bovine bone between the osteotomized segments. In order to adequately perform this repositioning, the authors devised a guide to assist with the positioning process.

Purpose To evaluate the vertical bone gain after osteotomy sandwich. Materials and methods Fourteen patients (mean age, 41 years) underwent 17 procedures of osteotomy sandwich. Of these 17 procedures, 15 involved reconstructive surgery and 2 involved the repositioning of implants. The patients were submitted to computed tomography before the surgical procedure and 4 months after the completion of the graft, with measurements taken to assess the vertical gain that had been achieved. Results The results confirmed a satisfactory vertical gain in all cases (mean, 5.12 mm). The use of autogenous graft or biomaterial particles (in isolation) between the osteotomized segments proved to be viable. Three patients reported postoperative paresthesia, which healed spontaneously after 3 months. One patient exhibited dehiscence due to not following the postoperative recommendations. Forty implants were installed in the grafted regions, and 2 implants were repositioned. Conclusion The technique of sandwich osteotomy was found to be effective for height gain, and different materials can be used between the osteotomized segments.

PROPOSAL Evaluate pulp vitality of mandibular teeth after chin bone harvesting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients underwent chin bone harvesting and accompanied for 12 months, being submitted to testing for pulp vitality with Endo Ice refrigerant spray to produce a local temperature of -50 °C. The statistical analysis was executed with McNemar test with P value < 0.05. RESULTS Results show that canine teeth are most susceptible to alterations; 68.82% (181) of the teeth tested showed no loss of pulp sensitivity to cold 30 days after surgery (P < 0.05), and at the end of the study, that figure had risen to 100% (263) of all teeth included in the sample. CONCLUSIONS Pulp vitality testing showed that 31.18% (82) of teeth experienced some loss of sensitivity, but by 12 months after surgery, all teeth had recuperated their pulp sensitivity to cold unaided.

To evaluate patients' perceptions of alterations occurring after chin bone harvesting.Thirty patients were evaluated subjectively by visual analog scale-related sensitivity, facial aesthetics, eating, speaking, and lower lip movement, during 12 months. Objective analysis used the static light touch neurosensorial test. The statistical analysis was executed with Friedman test with P0.05 for both samples.Subjective analysis revealed no alterations (1) to facial aesthetics, eating, speaking or lower lip movement but sensitivity of the mental region went from a lot of alteration initially (5) to little at the end of the study (3). Objective analysis results showed normal sensitivity (1) in the region after 12 months.The discrepancy between subjective and objective analyses may be indicative of the limited precision of clinical testing for subjective impressions assessment.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la influencia del diámetro y largo de los implantes en la pérdida tardía del implante. Se diseñó un estudio retrospectivo para estudiar 375 pacientes que habían sido sometidos a rehabilitación oral sobre implantes durante un periodo de 11 años; se incluyeron en el estudio todos aquellos documentos debidamente completados y con estudios radiográficos preoperatorios, posterior a la instalación del implante y posterior a la instalación de la prótesis. Los implantes fueron clasificados de acuerdo al diámetro como estrecho, regular y ancho y de acuerdo al largo como corto, medio y largo; el análisis de datos fue realizado con la prueba Chi Cuadrado con valor de p

Recent advances in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have overcome the drawbacks of traditional wired and ad-hoc networks and now they are seen as a means of allowing last mile communications with quality level assurance in Future Multimedia Systems. However, new routing schemes are needed to provide end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE) support for delay/loss/jitter-sensitive multimedia applications. The well-known OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) protocol with ETX (Expected Transmission Count) metric brings many benefits to the path selection process, but has a drawback with regard to queue availability management, which reduces the system performance. This problem is caused when OLSR-EXT control messages are exchanged and the queues of mesh routers along the end-to-end communication path are overloaded. As a result, multimedia-related packets will suffer from loss/delay/jitter and the overall system performance will decrease. This paper proposes the Optimized Link State Routing-Fuzzy ETX Queue (OLSR-FEQ) protocol to overcome the limitations of OLSR-ETX regarding queue availability, QoS and QoE assurance. OLSR-FEQ optimizes network and user-based parameters by coordinating queue availability, QoS and fuzzy issues in the routing decision process as a way of allocating the best paths for multimedia applications. Performance evaluations were carried out with the Network Simulator (NS-2.34) to show the benefits of the proposed solution when compared with existing routing schemes, namely OLSR-ETX, OLSR-FLC, OLSR-MD and HWMP (IEEE 802.11s standard), regarding QoS (unsuccessful packet delivery and throughput) and QoE (PSNR, SSIM, VQM and MOS) parameters.

The aim of this prospective research was to assess soft tissue morbidity in the symphyseal region after bone graft harvest- ing. Thirty patients, with average age 45 years, underwent symphy- seal bone graft harvesting followed up for a period of 12 months. Follow-up involved neurosensory testing of 2-point discrimination, static light touch, brush directional stroke, pinprick, and thermal dis- crimination to cold and hot; the statistical analysis was performed using McNemar test and Friedman test with P G 0.05. The results showed that 50% of patients had postoperative morbidity in the first month after surgery showing statistical positive relation with surgery (P G 0.05); at 6 months, this situation diminished to 23%, and at the end of the monitoring period (1 year); the neurosensory tests revealed no persistent morbidity. In conclusion, all neurosensory tests revealed high morbidity in the first month with total resolutions at 1-year follow-up; however, this complication associated to surgery is indispensable to discharge the patient properly.

Resumo Inicialmente, o perfil dos pacientes que se submetiam a terapias com implantes dentarios eram basicamente constituidos por individuos idosos edentulos totais. Atualmente, esse perfil vem mudando a cada dia, sendo observada uma reducao cada vez maior na quantidade de pacientes totalmente desdentados. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar retrospectivamente o perfil dos pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com implantes dentarios na Area de Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial da FOP/Unicamp no periodo de junho de 2003 a julho de 2010. Os resultados mostram que a faixa etaria que mais se submeteu ao tratamento foram adultos entre 40-49 anos (29,63%), enquanto que apenas 14, 11% dos individuos apresentavam 60 anos ou mais. O tipo de reabilitacao mais comum foram as reabilitacoes unitarias (50,23%), seguidas pelas reabilitacoes multiplas (34,50%) e totais (15,27%). Em conclusao podemos afirmar que neste estudo os pacientes adultos jovens (30-49 anos) foram os que mais buscaram reabilitacao com implantes, sendo estas em sua maioria reposicoes unitarias.

Tooth loss is followed by a natural bone resorption process that often leads to defects in the alveolar ridge, making the installation of dental implants unfeasible. Correction of such bone defects, especially loss of height of the ridge or associated loss of thickness, is a great challenge to dental surgeons. The technique of segmental osteotomy accompanied by interpositional bone grafting has been shown to be a viable option for addressing the problem. This report describes a successful application of the technique in the treatment of vertical dimension deficiency in the posterior maxillary region. Four months after graft surgery, 3 implants were successfully placed in accordance with the original reverse planning.

This study sought to evaluate changes in the soft tissue contour after chin bone graft harvesting. Thirty selected patients underwent chin bone graft harvesting and evaluations were made using lateral cephalograms preoperatively and postoperatively at 30 and 180 days. Fixed points and lines were established on cephalometric tracings and used to measure the selected vertical and sagittal parameters. Results showed statistically significant alterations to the vertical position values of the vermilion (V-VPV) which increased from 9.70 to 11.01 and the exposure of lower incisors (V-ELI) which increased from 1.85 to 3.5, showing an increase in their distance from the plane of reference and a lowering of their position, the clinical equivalent of a labial ptosis condition. None of the sagittal parameters analysed showed any statistically significant variation in the final evaluation. The study concluded that the alterations to patients' soft tissue contours resulted mainly from failure to ensure precise reattachment of the mentalis muscles and identified the need for further investigation of that aspect.

Orientadores: Renato Mazzonetto, Rubens Guimarães Filho Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Resumo: O objetivo neste estudo foi analisar a perda tardia dos implantes osseointegrados e os fatores de risco associados aos procedimentos realizados no período entre julho de 1996 a julho de 2007 na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba (FOP) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp. Foram analisados 1795 prontuários dos arquivos desta instituição, sendo destes, 875 pacientes submetidos à instalação de implantes e próteses sobre implantes. A avaliação foi realizada de acordo com as variáveis obtidas das informações colhidas, sendo: idade, gênero, comprimento e largura dos implantes, período de ativação dos implantes, região de instalação dos implantes, método de fixação e tipo da prótese, relacionando-as com as complicações que levaram à perda tardia dos implantes. Os resultados foram analisados através de estatística bivariada e regressão logística multivariada, demonstrando a significância e o fator de risco quanto à perda tardia de implantes dentários nas seguintes proporções: a idade aumenta a chance de perda tardia dos implantes em 1,033 vezes por ano que passa; o período de ativação diminui em 0,7 vezes a chance de perda tardia a cada mês que passa; a história de perda precoce aumenta em 15 vezes a possibilidade de perda tardia do segundo implante; implantes localizados na maxila possuem 2,8 vezes mais riscos de perda tardia que implantes mandibulares; próteses cimentadas possuem maiores chances de fracasso que próteses parafusadas (p=0,000). Já em relação ao gênero; ao diâmetro e comprimento do implante; à localização do implante (anterior/posterior) e ao tipo de prótese (fixa/removivel), os resultados não demonstraram significância estatística com relação à perda tardia. Desta forma, pode-se concluir que a idade, período de ativação do implante, histórico anterior de perda precoce, localização do implante e o tipo de fixação da prótese interferem no prognóstico da reabilitação, aumentando as chances de perda tardia dos implantes, alertando então aos profissionais quanto à previsibilidade da reabilitação proposta Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the late loss of dental implants and the risk factors associated with the procedures performed between July 1996 and July 2007 at the Piracicaba Dental School FOP/Unicamp. We analyzed medical records of 1795 files in this institution, and of these, 875 patients undergoing implant placement and implant. The evaluation was performed according to the variables from the information obtained these records, with age, gender, length and width of implants, implant activation period, the region of implantation, method of fixation and type of prosthesis, relating with the complications that led to the late loss of implants. The results were statistically analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, demonstrating the significance and risk factor regarding the late loss of dental implants in the following proportions: age increases chance of late loss of the implants in 1.033 times per year that passes, the activation period is reduced by 0.7 times the chance of late loss with each passing month, the history of early loss increases by 15 times the possibility of late loss of the second implant implants located in the maxilla have 2.8 times higher risk of late loss that mandibular implants, cemented prostheses have higher chances of failure that screwed prosthesis (p = 0.000). In relation to gender of patients, the diameter and length of the implant to the implant location (anterior / posterior) and type of prosthesis (fixed / removable), the results showed no statistical significance with respect to late loss of implants. Thus, this study can be concluded that factors such as age, length of implant activation, previous history of early loss, location and type of implant fixation of prosthesis affect prognosis for rehabilitation, increasing the chances of late loss of implants, alerting the professionals and the predictability of the rehabilitation proposal Mestrado Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

ResumoActualmente existe uma grande demanda de pacientes que necessitam de tratamentos com implantes dentários osseointegráveis, entretanto esta situação é muitas vezes dificultada por alterações no rebordo alveolar desdentado, o que pode tornar a instalação do implante mais complicada. Os enxertos ósseos autógenos são nos dias actuais os tratamentos de escolha para aqueles pacientes com volume de osso insuficiente e que desejam receber implantes osseointegráveis. Sendo assim, o objectivo deste trabalho foi analisar retrospectivamente o uso de enxerto ósseo autógeno em pacientes tratados pela área de Cirurgia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, da Universidade Estadual de Campinas no período de Junho de 2001 a Julho de 2008. Os resultados mostram que as áreas doadoras intrabucais foram utilizadas em 95,1% dos casos, sendo que a tuberosidade maxilar foi empregada em 39,8% dos casos, o ramo ascendente em 31,4% e a sínfise mandibular em 28,8% dos casos. O enxerto em bloco “onlay” foi à técnica mais usualmente empregada (53,7%), seguida pelo enxerto com osso particulado (36,6%) e pelo levantamento de seio maxilar (9,7%). Em conclusão, sempre que possível devemos optar por áreas doadoras intrabucais, e no presente trabalho essas áreas doadoras foram as mais comummente empregadas, sendo a tuberosidade maxilar a mais utilizada.AbstractCurrently, there is great demand for patients who requires treatment with bone integrable dental implants, however this situation is often hampered by the changes in the edentulous alveolar ridge, which may make the installation of the implant more complicated. The autogenous bone graft are current days the choice of treatments for patients with insufficient bone volume to receive implants and that to receive bone integrable implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the use of autogenous bone graft in patients treated in the Surgery Area of Oral and Maxillofacial from the College of Dentistry of Piracicaba, by de State University of Campinas in the period July 2001 to July 2008. The results show that the intraoral donors areas were used in 95,1% of the cases, and that the maxillary tuberosity was used in 39.8% of the cases, the ascending branch in 31,4% and the mandibular symphysis in 28,8% of the cases. The “onlay” block graft was the most commonly technique employed (53,7%), followed by the particulate bone graft (36,6%) and by sinus lifting of the maxillary (9,7%). In conclusion, whenever possible we should choose intraoral donors areas, and in this work, these donors areas were the most commonly employed, and the maxillary tuberosity the most used.