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The family Molossidae includes several species of bats that thrive in tropical and subtropical cities of the world. It has been suggested that the remarkable tolerance of some molossid species to urban life might partially result from a suite of behavioral preadaptations. In this study, we described some aspects of the roosting, social, vocal, and foraging behavior of one of these species, Molossus nigricans Miller, 1902, in the tropical city of Villahermosa, in southeastern Mexico. We described roosting attributes and colony size in 54 roosts of M. nigricans between 2016 and 2018. In a subsample of roosts, we registered emergence and return times throughout the night, described colony composition, and recorded vocalizations using a full-spectrum ultrasonic detector. We found that M. nigricans exhibits high plasticity in its roosting behavior, occupying both natural and anthropogenic structures with narrow gaps and cracks. Their social structure appears to be flexible, and their colonies are variable in size, allowing them to exploit a wide variety of roosts. Their high foraging efficiency, tolerance to artificial light, and its remarkable vocal plasticity seem to be other elements that may help us to better understand the success of M. nigricans in tropical urban environments.

Bat acoustic libraries are important tools that assemble echolocation calls to allow the comparison and discrimination to confirm species identifications. The Sonozotz project represents the first nation‐wide library of bat echolocation calls for a megadiverse country. It was assembled following a standardized recording protocol that aimed to cover different recording habitats, recording techniques, and call variation inherent to individuals. The Sonozotz project included 69 species of echolocating bats, a high species richness that represents 50% of bat species found in the country. We include recommendations on how the database can be used and how the sampling methods can be potentially replicated in countries with similar environmental and geographic conditions. To our knowledge, this represents the most exhaustive effort to date to document and compile the diversity of bat echolocation calls for a megadiverse country. This database will be useful to address a range of ecological questions including the effects of anthropogenic activities on bat communities through the analysis of bat sound., The Sonozotz project represents the first nation‐wide library of bat echolocation calls for a megadiverse country.