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Copyright of Ginekologia i Perinatologia Praktyczna is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ginekologia i Perinatologia Praktyczna is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Review of Medicine / Przeglad Lekarski is the property of Wydawnictwo Przegld Lekarski / Publisher Medicine Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Induction of labor is an intervention in the obstetrics, which aim is to achieve cervical ripening and stimulate contractions of uterus before beginning of labor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate efficacy of combinations of vaginal misoprostol, intracervical dinoprostone and Foley catheter at term with regard to mode of delivery and rate of emergency C-sections due to birth asphyxia., Material and Methods: 403 singleton pregnant women, who underwent pharmacological labor induction at term, were reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 main cohorts due to beginning of induction algorithm: vaginal misoprostol (66) or intracervical dinoprostone (337) consisting of 3 subgroups - PGE2 alone (184), PGE2+Foley catheter (125), PGE2+Foley catheter+PGE1 (28)., Results: Comparison of maternal age, presence of cervical dilation and parity revealed no major differences between cohorts. Effectiveness of labor induction with misoprostol, dinoprostone and dinoprostone followed by Foley catheter were respectively 90.9%, 51.3%, and 82.8%. Addition of PGE1 was effective in 83% of patients with negative response to PGE2 followed by Foley catheter. ere was no statistically significant difference in rate of C-sections between dinoprostone and misoprostol cohorts, C-section due to birth asphyxia were insignificantly more frequent in PGE1 than in PGE2 cohort. Efficacy in the subgroup administered only dinoprostone was significantly higher in 40th than in 41th (p = 0.016)., Conclusions: Intracervical dinoprostone seems to be safer, but less effective in labor induction than vaginal misoprostol. Following PGE2 by other methods increased efficacy of induction in this cohort.

The prevalence of low birth weight affects approximately 3-10% of live-born newborns in developed countries and in developing countries it affects 15-20% of newborns. The most common cause of low birth weight is considered to intrauterine fetal growth resctriction. Low birth weight is responsible for 69.6% of stillbirths and for 66.4% of neonatal deaths. The purpose of this paper is to review reliable scientific data in order to summarize the current guidelines on intrauterine fetal growth restriction, addressed to obstetricians. The present review is based on guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC), the results of DIGITAT- (ang. The Disproportionate Growth intrauterine Intervention Trial At Term) PORTO Study- (ang. Prospective Observational Trial is the Opitimize Pedriatric Health in intrauterine Growth Restriction), TRUFFLE- (ang. Randomized Trial of Fetal and Umbilical Flow in Europe), and the available literature.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in the U.S. and Europe. In the early stages of the disease, women are treated surgically, which is supplemented with hormonal therapy, immuno-, chemo- or radiotherapy. Postoperative qualification for further treatment is based on clinical stage, the pathology of the tumor and classic prognostic factors. Despite that, among patients with breast cancer in early stages of clinical advancement, there is a relatively large proportion of observed tumor recurrence. These observations oblige the search for additional prognostic factors that determine the progression of the disease faster, according to which, could emerge a group of women at increased risk of recurrence of the disease., Aim: The aim of this paper is to determine the meaning of the expression of selected metalloproteinases as prognostic factors in breast cancer., Methods: The study group consisted of 108 patients ages 26 to 86 years treated surgically from 1994 to 2000 because of primary breast cancer in the early clinical stage, ie stage I and II according to TNM classification., Results: Between two of the tested metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-11) only MMP-2 appears to have prognostic significance in early forms of breast cancer, and its strong expression is associated with shorter survival.

Objective: To compare the influence of low and normal endogenous estradiol concentration on circulating hGH, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels as well as on mutual correlations of these parameters., Patients: 45 women (age 30.7 ± 9.0 years, BMI 25.7 ± 8.0) divided into group A - 15 hypoestrogenic women and group B - 30 normoestrogenic controls. Neither of the women was menopausal nor hyperprolactinemic., Methods: Blood sample was taken at the standard conditions prior to the initiation of hormonal supplementation therapy in group A and at the day 3-5 of menstrual cycle in group B. Serum hGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3, insulin, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) and LH as well as prolactin (PRL), FSH and estradiol levels were measured by standard RIA kits., Results: Mean IGF-1, LH, FSH, testosterone and estradiol and PRL plasma levels were lower in group A compared to group B. There were no significant differences in mean SHBG, insulin and DHEAS levels. There were also no differences in mean: age, body mass, BMI as well as percentage of each BMI range between groups. Regardless the estradiol level the IGF-I/age link was found in both groups. A IGF-I/IGFBP-3 relation was found in both groups. IGF-I/estradiol link was seen only in group A. In group B hGH/SHBG link was found, in group A this relation was indirect. A link between hGH and testosterone levels was found only in group B. SHBG was related in group B to IGFBP-3, testosterone and to DHEAS. Insulin/IGFBP-3 link was seen in group B. The stepwise multiple regression revealed DHEAS and LH as predictors of IGF-I level in group A, while in group B none of the parameters predicted IGF-I level. The results of the same analysis in case of hGH are as follows: in group A hGH level was predicted by estradiol and SHBG. In group B none of factors predicted hGH levels., Conclusion: Estradiol plasma level is correlated to circulating IGF-I, albeit the relation seems to be biphasic.