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1. The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database

Author

Gordon, I.E., Rothman, L.S., Hargreaves, R.J., Hashemi, R., Karlovets, E.V., Skinner, F.M., Conway, E.K., Hill, C., Kochanov, R.V., Tan, Y., Wcisło, P., Finenko, A.A., Nelson, K., Bernath, P.F., Birk, M., Boudon, V., Campargue, A., Chance, K.V., Coustenis, A., Drouin, B.J., Flaud, J.–M., Gamache, R.R., Hodges, J.T., Jacquemart, D., Mlawer, E.J., Nikitin, A.V., Perevalov, V.I., Rotger, M., Tennyson, J., Toon, G.C., Tran, H., Tyuterev, V.G., Adkins, E.M., Baker, A., Barbe, A., Canè, E., Császár, A.G., Dudaryonok, A., Egorov, O., Fleisher, A.J., Fleurbaey, H., Foltynowicz, A., Furtenbacher, T., Harrison, J.J., Hartmann, J.–M., Horneman, V.–M., Huang, X., Karman, T., Karns, J., Kassi, S., Kleiner, I., Kofman, V., Kwabia–Tchana, F., Lavrentieva, N.N., Lee, T.J., Long, D.A., Lukashevskaya, A.A., Lyulin, O.M., Makhnev, V.Yu., Matt, W., Massie, S.T., Melosso, M., Mikhailenko, S.N., Mondelain, D., Müller, H.S.P., Naumenko, O.V., Perrin, A., Polyansky, O.L., Raddaoui, E., Raston, P.L., Reed, Z.D., Rey, M., Richard, C., Tóbiás, R., Sadiek, I., Schwenke, D.W., Starikova, E., Sung, K., Tamassia, F., Tashkun, S.A., Vander Auwera, J., Vasilenko, I.A., Vigasin, A.A., Villanueva, G.L., Vispoel, B., Wagner, G., Yachmenev, A., and Yurchenko, S.N.

Published
2022
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5. The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database

Author

Gordon, I. E., Rothman, L. S., Hargreaves, R. J., Hashemi, R., Karlovets, E., V, Skinner, F. M., Conway, E. K., Hill, C., Kochanov, R., V, Tan, Y., Wcislo, P., Finenko, A. A., Nelson, K., Bernath, P. F., Birk, M., Boudon, V, Campargue, A., Chance, K., V, Coustenis, A., Drouin, B. J., Flaud, J-M, Gamache, R. R., Hodges, J. T., Jacquemart, D., Mlawer, E. J., Nikitin, A., V, Perevalov, V., I, Rotger, M., Tennyson, J., Toon, G. C., Tran, H., Tyuterev, V. G., Adkins, E. M., Baker, A., Barbe, A., Cane, E., Csaszar, A. G., Dudaryonok, A., Egorov, O., Fleisher, A. J., Fleurbaey, H., Foltynowicz, A., Furtenbacher, T., Harrison, J. J., Hartmann, J-M, Horneman, V-M, Huang, X., Karman, T., Karns, J., Kassi, S., Kleiner, I, Kofman, V, Kwabia-Tchana, F., Lavrentieva, N. N., Lee, T. J., Long, D. A., Lukashevskaya, A. A., Lyulin, O. M., Makhnev, V. Yu, Matt, W., Massie, S. T., Melosso, M., Mikhailenko, S. N., Mondelain, D., Mueller, H. S. P., Naumenko, O., V, Perrin, A., Polyansky, O. L., Raddaoui, E., Raston, P. L., Reed, Z. D., Rey, M., Richard, C., Tobias, R., Sadiek, I, Schwenke, D. W., Starikova, E., Sung, K., Tamassia, F., Tashkun, S. A., Vander Auwera, J., Vasilenko, I. A., Vigasin, A. A., Villanueva, G. L., Vispoel, B., Wagner, G., Yachmenev, A., Yurchenko, S. N., Gordon, I. E., Rothman, L. S., Hargreaves, R. J., Hashemi, R., Karlovets, E., V, Skinner, F. M., Conway, E. K., Hill, C., Kochanov, R., V, Tan, Y., Wcislo, P., Finenko, A. A., Nelson, K., Bernath, P. F., Birk, M., Boudon, V, Campargue, A., Chance, K., V, Coustenis, A., Drouin, B. J., Flaud, J-M, Gamache, R. R., Hodges, J. T., Jacquemart, D., Mlawer, E. J., Nikitin, A., V, Perevalov, V., I, Rotger, M., Tennyson, J., Toon, G. C., Tran, H., Tyuterev, V. G., Adkins, E. M., Baker, A., Barbe, A., Cane, E., Csaszar, A. G., Dudaryonok, A., Egorov, O., Fleisher, A. J., Fleurbaey, H., Foltynowicz, A., Furtenbacher, T., Harrison, J. J., Hartmann, J-M, Horneman, V-M, Huang, X., Karman, T., Karns, J., Kassi, S., Kleiner, I, Kofman, V, Kwabia-Tchana, F., Lavrentieva, N. N., Lee, T. J., Long, D. A., Lukashevskaya, A. A., Lyulin, O. M., Makhnev, V. Yu, Matt, W., Massie, S. T., Melosso, M., Mikhailenko, S. N., Mondelain, D., Mueller, H. S. P., Naumenko, O., V, Perrin, A., Polyansky, O. L., Raddaoui, E., Raston, P. L., Reed, Z. D., Rey, M., Richard, C., Tobias, R., Sadiek, I, Schwenke, D. W., Starikova, E., Sung, K., Tamassia, F., Tashkun, S. A., Vander Auwera, J., Vasilenko, I. A., Vigasin, A. A., Villanueva, G. L., Vispoel, B., Wagner, G., Yachmenev, A., and Yurchenko, S. N.

Abstract

The HITRAN database is a compilation of molecular spectroscopic parameters. It was established in the early 1970s and is used by various computer codes to predict and simulate the transmission and emission of light in gaseous media (with an emphasis on terrestrial and planetary atmospheres). The HITRAN compilation is composed of five major components: the line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, experimental infrared absorption cross-sections (for molecules where it is not yet feasible for representation in a line-by-line form), collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables (including partition sums) that apply globally to the data. This paper describes the contents of the 2020 quadrennial edition of HITRAN. The HITRAN2020 edition takes advantage of recent experimental and theoretical data that were meticulously validated, in particular, against laboratory and atmospheric spectra. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2016 (including its updates during the intervening years). All five components of HITRAN have undergone major updates. In particular, the extent of the updates in the HITRAN2020 edition range from updating a few lines of specific molecules to complete replacements of the lists, and also the introduction of additional isotopologues and new (to HITRAN) molecules: SO, CH3F, GeH4, CS2, CH3I and NF3. Many new vibrational bands were added, extending the spectral coverage and completeness of the line lists. Also, the accuracy of the parameters for major atmospheric absorbers has been increased substantially, often featuring sub-percent uncertainties. Broadening parameters associated with the ambient pressure of water vapor were introduced to HITRAN for the first time and are now available for several molecules. The HITRAN2020 edition continues to take advantage of the relational structure and efficient interface available at www.hitran.org and the HITR

Published
2022

6. The HITRAN2020 molecular spectroscopic database

Author

Gordon, I. E. (I. E.), Rothman, L. S. (L. S.), Hargreaves, R. J. (R. J.), Hashemi, R. (R.), Karlovets, E. V. (E., V), Skinner, F. M. (F. M.), Conway, E. K. (E. K.), Hill, C. (C.), Kochanov, R. V. (R., V), Tan, Y. (Y.), Wcislo, P. (P.), Finenko, A. A. (A. A.), Nelson, K. (K.), Bernath, P. F. (P. F.), Birk, M. (M.), Boudon, V. (V), Campargue, A. (A.), Chance, K. V. (K., V), Coustenis, A. (A.), Drouin, B. J. (B. J.), Flaud, J.-M. (J-M), Gamache, R. R. (R. R.), Hodges, J. T. (J. T.), Jacquemart, D. (D.), Mlawer, E. J. (E. J.), Nikitin, A. V. (A., V), Perevalov, V. I. (V., I), Rotger, M. (M.), Tennyson, J. (J.), Toon, G. C. (G. C.), Tran, H. (H.), Tyuterev, V. G. (V. G.), Adkins, E. M. (E. M.), Baker, A. (A.), Barbe, A. (A.), Cane, E. (E.), Csaszar, A. G. (A. G.), Dudaryonok, A. (A.), Egorov, O. (O.), Fleisher, A. J. (A. J.), Fleurbaey, H. (H.), Foltynowicz, A. (A.), Furtenbacher, T. (T.), Harrison, J. J. (J. J.), Hartmann, J.-M. (J-M), Horneman, V.-M. (V-M), Huang, X. (X.), Karman, T. (T.), Karns, J. (J.), Kassi, S. (S.), Kleiner, I. (I), Kofman, V. (V), Kwabia-Tchana, F. (F.), Lavrentieva, N. N. (N. N.), Lee, T. J. (T. J.), Long, D. A. (D. A.), Lukashevskaya, A. A. (A. A.), Lyulin, O. M. (O. M.), Makhnev, V. Y. (V. Yu), Matt, W. (W.), Massie, S. T. (S. T.), Melosso, M. (M.), Mikhailenko, S. N. (S. N.), Mondelain, D. (D.), Mueller, H. S. (H. S. P.), Naumenko, O. V. (O., V), Perrin, A. (A.), Polyansky, O. L. (O. L.), Raddaoui, E. (E.), Raston, P. L. (P. L.), Reed, Z. D. (Z. D.), Rey, M. (M.), Richard, C. (C.), Tobias, R. (R.), Sadiek, I. (I), Schwenke, D. W. (D. W.), Starikova, E. (E.), Sung, K. (K.), Tamassia, F. (F.), Tashkun, S. A. (S. A.), Vander Auwera, J. (J.), Vasilenko, I. A. (I. A.), Vigasin, A. A. (A. A.), Villanueva, G. L. (G. L.), Vispoel, B. (B.), Wagner, G. (G.), Yachmenev, A. (A.), Yurchenko, S. N. (S. N.), Gordon, I. E. (I. E.), Rothman, L. S. (L. S.), Hargreaves, R. J. (R. J.), Hashemi, R. (R.), Karlovets, E. V. (E., V), Skinner, F. M. (F. M.), Conway, E. K. (E. K.), Hill, C. (C.), Kochanov, R. V. (R., V), Tan, Y. (Y.), Wcislo, P. (P.), Finenko, A. A. (A. A.), Nelson, K. (K.), Bernath, P. F. (P. F.), Birk, M. (M.), Boudon, V. (V), Campargue, A. (A.), Chance, K. V. (K., V), Coustenis, A. (A.), Drouin, B. J. (B. J.), Flaud, J.-M. (J-M), Gamache, R. R. (R. R.), Hodges, J. T. (J. T.), Jacquemart, D. (D.), Mlawer, E. J. (E. J.), Nikitin, A. V. (A., V), Perevalov, V. I. (V., I), Rotger, M. (M.), Tennyson, J. (J.), Toon, G. C. (G. C.), Tran, H. (H.), Tyuterev, V. G. (V. G.), Adkins, E. M. (E. M.), Baker, A. (A.), Barbe, A. (A.), Cane, E. (E.), Csaszar, A. G. (A. G.), Dudaryonok, A. (A.), Egorov, O. (O.), Fleisher, A. J. (A. J.), Fleurbaey, H. (H.), Foltynowicz, A. (A.), Furtenbacher, T. (T.), Harrison, J. J. (J. J.), Hartmann, J.-M. (J-M), Horneman, V.-M. (V-M), Huang, X. (X.), Karman, T. (T.), Karns, J. (J.), Kassi, S. (S.), Kleiner, I. (I), Kofman, V. (V), Kwabia-Tchana, F. (F.), Lavrentieva, N. N. (N. N.), Lee, T. J. (T. J.), Long, D. A. (D. A.), Lukashevskaya, A. A. (A. A.), Lyulin, O. M. (O. M.), Makhnev, V. Y. (V. Yu), Matt, W. (W.), Massie, S. T. (S. T.), Melosso, M. (M.), Mikhailenko, S. N. (S. N.), Mondelain, D. (D.), Mueller, H. S. (H. S. P.), Naumenko, O. V. (O., V), Perrin, A. (A.), Polyansky, O. L. (O. L.), Raddaoui, E. (E.), Raston, P. L. (P. L.), Reed, Z. D. (Z. D.), Rey, M. (M.), Richard, C. (C.), Tobias, R. (R.), Sadiek, I. (I), Schwenke, D. W. (D. W.), Starikova, E. (E.), Sung, K. (K.), Tamassia, F. (F.), Tashkun, S. A. (S. A.), Vander Auwera, J. (J.), Vasilenko, I. A. (I. A.), Vigasin, A. A. (A. A.), Villanueva, G. L. (G. L.), Vispoel, B. (B.), Wagner, G. (G.), Yachmenev, A. (A.), and Yurchenko, S. N. (S. N.)

Abstract

The HITRAN database is a compilation of molecular spectroscopic parameters. It was established in the early 1970s and is used by various computer codes to predict and simulate the transmission and emission of light in gaseous media (with an emphasis on terrestrial and planetary atmospheres). The HITRAN compilation is composed of five major components: the line-by-line spectroscopic parameters required for high-resolution radiative-transfer codes, experimental infrared absorption cross-sections (for molecules where it is not yet feasible for representation in a line-by-line form), collision-induced absorption data, aerosol indices of refraction, and general tables (including partition sums) that apply globally to the data. This paper describes the contents of the 2020 quadrennial edition of HITRAN. The HITRAN2020 edition takes advantage of recent experimental and theoretical data that were meticulously validated, in particular, against laboratory and atmospheric spectra. The new edition replaces the previous HITRAN edition of 2016 (including its updates during the intervening years). All five components of HITRAN have undergone major updates. In particular, the extent of the updates in the HITRAN2020 edition range from updating a few lines of specific molecules to complete replacements of the lists, and also the introduction of additional isotopologues and new (to HITRAN) molecules: SO, CH₃F, GeH₄, CS₂, CH₃I and NF₃. Many new vibrational bands were added, extending the spectral coverage and completeness of the line lists. Also, the accuracy of the parameters for major atmospheric absorbers has been increased substantially, often featuring sub-percent uncertainties. Broadening parameters associated with the ambient pressure of water vapor were introduced to HITRAN for the first time and are now available for several molecules. The HITRAN2020 edition continues to take advantage of the relational structure and efficient interface available at www.hitran.org and

Published
2022

7. Measurements and modeling of air-broadening coefficients for the 6 band of CH 3 I

Author

Raddaoui, E, Soulard, P, Guinet, M, Aroui, H, Jacquemart, D, and Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
J-and K-rotational dependences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Air-broadening coefficients, 6 band, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Updated line list, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Methyl iodide
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

8. The Clinical Significance of CD163+ Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Author

Ouban A, Raddaoui E, and Bakir M

Abstract

Background and objective The tumor's microenvironment is currently considered an important indicator of the tumor's prognosis, treatment failure, and recurrence. CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a marker of poor prognosis in many types of human cancers. In the present study, the expression of CD163+ TAMs was analyzed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) using immunohistochemistry, and this expression was correlated with the clinical and pathological characteristics of LSCC patients. Materials and methods One commercial human larynx microarray with 80 cases of LSCCs, was used for this study. For comparison with normal laryngeal mucosa, a second microarray carrying normal tissues from all human anatomical sites, including normal laryngeal tissues, was used. Immunohistochemical staining was performed, and the primary antibody was a mouse monoclonal against human CD136. The absence of the primary antibody was used as a negative control. The percentage of positive cells was categorized into five scores: 0 (0%); 1, (1%-10%); 2, (11%-50%); 3, (51%-80%); and 4, (>80%). A case was scored as positive for CD163 with a score >= 1. The χ2 test was used to assess the CD163 expression in LSCC cases (N=80). A statistically significant difference was defined as P 0.05. Results The human larynx microarray containing 80 cases of LSCCs was used for this study. The age of the cancer patients in this array was in the range of 39 to 72, with a median of 53. LSCC grades were distributed as follows: 25 patients were designated as grade I, 43 were designated as grade II, and 6 were designated as grade III. Two tumors' (2/80) cores were missing from the microarray. Six tumors on the microarray did not have a grade designation reported by the manufacturer of the array. The expression of CD163 in normal, benign, unmatched laryngeal tissue was absent. In cancer cases, on the other hand, a significant number of LSCCs had TAMs that were positive for CD163 (87% positive tumors, with an IHC score ranging from 1 to 4, χ2=30.634; p<0.001). The rest of the LSCC cases (10 in total) had negative CD163 expression (score of 0). Conclusion A significant majority of LSCCs were found to have CD163+ TAMs expression using tissue microarrays (TMAs). This expression is positively correlated with the tumor's grade, clinical manifestation, and TNM staging. Morphologic evidence shows that the majority of LSCCs express the highest range of immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores for CD163 protein in the membranes and cytoplasm of their TAMs. This study provides evidence of the clinical significance of CD163+TAMs in LSCCs and proposes further studies to pinpoint the exact role of these cells in LSCC patients., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2023, Ouban et al.)

Published
2023
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9. Giant Cell Carcinoma of the Endometrium: A Case Report of a Rare Entity with Aggressive Behavior.

Author

Arafah M, Bokhari RA, Akkour K, and Raddaoui E

Subjects
Aged, Endometrium, Female, Humans, Hysterectomy, Ultrasonography, Carcinoma, Giant Cell, Endometrial Neoplasms diagnosis, Endometrial Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

BACKGROUND Giant cell carcinoma of the endometrium is one of the rare variants of endometrial carcinoma, with a very limited number of reported cases and limited follow-up data. The purpose of this case report is to present yet another example of endometrial giant cell carcinoma, discuss its differential diagnosis and management course, and review all previously reported cases. CASE REPORT We report a case of a 71-year-old woman who presented with vaginal bleeding. Her laboratory investigations were within normal limits except for her glycated hemoglobin, which was 10%. Ultrasound and computed tomography scans showed an endometrial mass invading the myometrium. Microscopically, the tumor is comprised almost exclusively of multinucleated giant cells. The patient underwent a total robotic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and lymph nodes dissection, and she is currently undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Giant cell carcinoma of the endometrium is a rare diagnosis that can be established by histopathological examination after excluding the other common giant cell-rich lesions that may occur in the endometrium.

Published
2021
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10. Glycogenic Hepatopathy: A Rare Hepatic Complication of Poorly Controlled Type 1 DM.

Author

Alenazy LA, Javed M, Elsiesy H, Raddaoui E, and Al-Hamoudi WK

Abstract

Glycogen hepatopathy (GH) is a rare complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus that leads to an abnormal accumulation of glycogen in the hepatocytes. The exact mechanism of GH remains unknown, but fluctuations in blood glucose and insulin levels play important roles in promoting glycogen accumulation. We report a case of a 16-year-old female diagnosed with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus with hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzymes. The patient experienced multiple admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis, and she also had celiac disease diagnosed 2 years previously based on serology and a duodenal biopsy. The laboratory analyses results were compatible with acute hepatitis, and the celiac serology was positive. Other investigations ruled out viral hepatitis and autoimmune and metabolic liver diseases. Ultrasound and computerized tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen revealed liver enlargement with diffuse fatty infiltration. A liver biopsy revealed the presence of abundant glycogen in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes. PAS staining was strongly positive, which confirmed the diagnosis of GH. There were no features of autoimmune hepatitis or significant fibrosis. Duodenal biopsy results were consistent with celiac disease. Despite our efforts, which are supported by a multidisciplinary team approach that included a hepatologist, a diabetic educator, a dietitian, and an endocrinologist, we have encountered difficulties in controlling the patient's diabetes, and she persistently maintains symptomatic hepatomegaly and abnormal liver biochemistry. Given the patient's age, we assumed that these abnormalities were related to patient noncompliance. In conclusion, GH remains an under-recognized complication of type 1 DM that is potentially reversible with adequate glycemic control. The awareness of GH should prevent diagnostic delay and its implications for management and the outcome., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Leila A. Alenazy et al.)

Published
2020
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11. Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Zenker's Diverticulum: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Author

Hajjar WM, Almutairi OT, Jameel MA, Al-Nassar SA, Raddaoui E, and Hajjar AW

Abstract

The occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in a Zenker's diverticulum is a very rare incident. Complete excision of the diverticulum is considered as the procedure of choice for SCC in the pharyngeal pouch. Histopathological assessment of the pouch is the only modality to rule out SCC. Here, we report a case of a 71-year-old male with 20 years of history of Zenker's diverticulum, who recently presented with a history of weight and appetite loss. A barium swallow confirmed Zenker's pouch, the patient underwent diver-ticulectomy and cricopharyngeal myotomy; a histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a fungating mass of SCC within the pouch. This report highlights the suggestion of considering SCC not only in patients with a long history of Zenker's diverticulum but also when there is a clinical suspicion with new symptoms for a more aggressive management for diagnosis and complete excision of the pouch.

Published
2018
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12. Endobronchial biopsy in the final diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma: a clinicopathological study.

Author

Arafah MA, Raddaoui E, Kassimi FA, Alhamad EH, Alboukai AA, Alshedoukhy AA, and Ouban A

Subjects
Aged, Asthma diagnosis, Basement Membrane diagnostic imaging, Biopsy methods, Bronchi diagnostic imaging, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Respiratory Function Tests, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Asthma pathology, Basement Membrane pathology, Bronchi pathology, Bronchoscopy methods, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive pathology
Abstract

Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic conditions with an increasing prevalence in developing countries. The evaluation of endobronchial biopsies has emerged as a tool to differentiate between both conditions via the measurement of the reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness with various conclusions drawn from different studies., Objectives: Compare the thickness of the RBM between asthma and COPD and evaluate other histomorphological features in both groups., Design: Prospective, descriptive and analytical., Setting: University teaching hospital., Patients and Methods: The study included patients with COPD and irreversible and reversible asthma with diagnosis based on clinical assessment, pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography scans. Endobronchial biopsies were obtained from all patients and, using a light microscope and a computerized image analyzer, the thickness of the reticular basement membrane was calculated in all patients. We also made a qualitative assessment of other histo-morphological features., Main Outcome Measures: Mean RBM thickness., Sample Size: Thirty male patients., Results: The mean RBM thickness in asthmatic patients was 8.9 (2.4) micro m. The mean RBM thickness in COPD patients was 5.3 (1.1) micro m. However, there was no thickening of the RBM in patients with reversible asthma. The RBM was significantly thicker in patients with irreversible asthma than in patients with COPD or reversible asthma. There were no significant differences in epithelial desquamation or metaplasia, mucosal or submucosal inflammation, the presence of eosinophils, submucosal glandular hyperplasia or submucosal smooth muscle hyperplasia between groups., Conclusions: The thickness of the RBM is the only reproducible histopathological feature to differentiate COPD from irreversible asthma., Limitations: The study included a limited number of patients. A qualitative approach was used to compare epithelial cell injury, inflammation, submucosal glandular and muscular hyperplasia., Conflict of Interest: None.

Published
2018
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13. Can computed tomography and carbon monoxide transfer coefficient diagnose an asthma-like phenotype in COPD?

Author

Al-Kassimi FA, Alhamad EH, Al-Hajjaj MS, Raddaoui E, Alzeer AH, Alboukai AA, Somily AM, Cal JG, Ibrahim AF, and Shaik SA

Subjects
Aged, Biopsy methods, Bronchodilator Agents therapeutic use, Drug Monitoring methods, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume drug effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Spirometry methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Asthma diagnosis, Asthma drug therapy, Budesonide, Formoterol Fumarate Drug Combination therapeutic use, Lung pathology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive drug therapy, Pulmonary Emphysema diagnosis, Pulmonary Emphysema drug therapy
Abstract

Background and Objective: Post-mortem and computed tomography (CT) studies indicated that emphysema is a feature of COPD even in the 'blue bloater/chronic bronchitis' type. We aim to test the hypothesis that the non-emphysematous patients are distinct from the main body of COPD and are more akin to asthmatic patients., Methods: We studied 54 patients with COPD. Emphysema was measured by Goddard's visual scoring of CT scan and the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO). Bronchial biopsy was offered for thickness of basement membrane (BM) (≥7 µm) as a marker of remodelling in irreversible asthma. Spirometry was repeated after therapy with Budesonide/Formoterol for 1 year., Results: The non-emphysematous phenotype were 24 of 54 patients (44%) by CT scan and 23 of 54 patients (43%) by KCO, showing agreement in 53 out of 54 patients. The non-emphysematous patients were younger, had higher forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) (median 61% vs 49.7%), greater prevalence of hypertrophy of nasal turbinates and higher serum IgE. The emphysematous phenotype had lower BMI and greater dyspnoea score. The BM was thickened in 11 of 14 and 0 of 10 patients in the non-emphysematous and emphysematous groups, respectively. Three patients without emphysema and a normal BM normalized their FEV 1 upon receiving inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2 agonist (LABA). All the non-emphysematous improved their FEV 1 after ICS/LABA (median = 215 mL). The median decline in the emphysematous was -65 mL., Conclusion: The non-emphysematous phenotype of COPD displays important features of asthma: clinical picture, histology and response to ICS. CT and KCO can predict spirometric response to ICS/LABA., (© 2016 Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.)

Published
2017
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14. Cytologic diagnosis of gastric submucosal lesions by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: A single center experience in Saudi Arabia.

Author

Raddaoui E, Almadi MA, Aljebreen AM, and Alsaif F

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Saudi Arabia, Cytological Techniques methods, Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration methods, Stomach Diseases diagnosis
Abstract

Background and Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) sampling has become standard practice for the diagnosis of submucosal gastrointestinal (GI) lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of EUS-guided FNA cytology in the diagnosis of deeply seated gastric mass lesions., Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with deeply seated gastric mass lesions were diagnosed by EUS-FNA. Adequate cytology material was present in all cases. Cell blocks were available in 10 cases. Surgical resections were performed in 8 cases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies were done on cell blocks in 9 cases and on 6 resected specimens. Seven cases has proved to be GI stromal tumors (GIST), in four of them, cell blocks were available, and resection for GIST was performed in 5 cases. IHC stains that were performed in cytology, as well as resection specimens, revealed similar results in each patient., Conclusion: EUS-FNA cytology, when combined with a histologic assessment of cell blocks provides accurate and efficient tissue diagnosis of a wide variety of deeply seated gastric mass lesions.

Published
2015
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15. Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided-fine-needle aspiration and additional value of cell block in the diagnosis of mediastinal granulomatous lymphadenopathy.

Author

Zaidi SN and Raddaoui E

Abstract

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration is a minimally invasive technique for diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. Although most studies have reported the utility of EBUS-FNA in malignancy, its use has been extended to the benign conditions as well., Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic yield and cytologic accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) in cases of clinically and radiologically suspected granulomatous diseases., Patients and Method: From May 2010 to April 2015, 43 of 115 patients who underwent EBUS-FNA at one center for radiologically and clinically suspicious granulomatous lesions, and with no definite histological diagnosis, were included in this retrospective study., Results: When the histological diagnosis was taken as the gold standard, the sensitivity of EBUS-FNA was 85% and specificity was 100% with the positive predictive value of 100. The combined diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS-FNA and transbronchial lung biopsy was 100%. In 4 cases, cell block provided an exclusive morphological diagnosis of sarcoidosis which was noncontributory by EBUS-FNA., Conclusion: Our study supports the use of EBUS-FNA, by virtue of being a safe, minimally invasive, and an outpatient procedure, in the diagnosis of granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy, thereby obviating more invasive testing in a significant number of patients. Also, cell block provides additional data in the diagnosis in these benign mediastinal diseases.

Published
2015
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16. Cytology findings in pancreatic heterotopia, a potential pitfall for malignancy: a case report and literature review.

Author

Raddaoui E, Al-Sharabi A, and Almadi MA

Subjects
Choristoma diagnostic imaging, Diagnosis, Differential, Endosonography, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnosis, Stomach Diseases diagnostic imaging, Choristoma pathology, Image-Guided Biopsy methods, Pancreas, Stomach Diseases pathology
Abstract

Pancreatic heterotopia is a rare congenital disorder occurring at a variety of sites in the gastrointestinal tract. It is rarely symptomatic. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques, it still remains a challenge to the clinician to differentiate it from a neoplasm. Cytologic characteristics of pancreatic heterotopia in general are rarely described in the literature. We report the cytologic characteristics of heterotopic pancreatic tissue at the gastric outlet in a 48-year-old female. The patient underwent surgical excision due to symptoms related to the lesion. Endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration is increasingly used for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors, which makes the recognition of certain endoscopically unreachable lesions an important step in optimal patient management.

Published
2015
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17. Utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle cytology in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis: A Saudi experience.

Author

Raddaoui E, Alhamad EH, Zaidi SN, Arafah M, and AlHabeeb FF

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-TFNA) is a minimally invasive technique for diagnosis of mediastinal masses/lesions. Although most studies have reported the utility of EBUS-TFNA in malignancy, its use has been extended to the benign conditions as well., Objective: The present study focused on utility of EBUS in contributing to reach the final diagnosis of sarcoidosis., Design: From May 2010 to December 2013, 19 of 80 patients who underwent EBUS-TFNA at one center for radiologically suspicious lesions for sarcoidosis, and with no definite histological diagnosis, were included in this retrospective study., Results: When the histological diagnosis was taken as the gold standard, the sensitivity of EBUS-TFNA was 84.2% and specificity 100% with the positive predictive value of 100. The combined diagnostic sensitivity of EBUS-TFNA and transbronchial lung biopsy was 100%., Conclusion: EBUS is a valuable, minimally invasive diagnostic modality to support the diagnosis of sarcoidosis in appropriate clinical setting, after conventional work-up - particularly if patients have suspicious radiological findings. This minimally invasive procedure helps in providing a final diagnosis without exposing the patient to the risk of complications from more invasive procedures.

Published
2014
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18. Utility and diagnostic accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration cytology of mediastinal lesions: Saudi Arabian experience.

Author

Raddaoui E, Alhamad EH, Zaidi SN, Al-Habeeb FF, and Arafah M

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytological accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-TFNA) of the mediastinal mass/nodular lesions., Study Design: Over 3½ years from inception at King Khalid University Hospital, a retrospective analysis of the cytological diagnoses of all the EBUS-TFNA procedures performed in 80 patients who had mediastinal mass/nodular enlargement. Cytology results were reviewed and correlated with the histologic follow-up., Results: Of the 80 patients who underwent EBUS-TFNA, 15 cases (18.75%) were positive for malignancy, 48 cases (60%) negative for malignancy and 17 cases (21.25%) unsatisfactory. Of the 48 cases, which were negative for malignancy, 24 (50%) cases were of granulomatous inflammation. The overall diagnostic yield of our EBUS-TFNA specimen was 78.75%. Forty-seven cases (58.75%) of 80 cases had histological follow-up biopsies. Among them, 32 cases (68%) had the same cytological and histological diagnosis and 15 cases (31.09%) had discordance between the cytology and the follow-up histological diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for diagnosing granulomas by EBUS-TFNA are 77%, 82%, 83%, and 75% and for diagnosing malignancy are 71%, 100%, 100%, and 82%, respectively., Conclusion: Preliminary results show that cytological samples obtained through EBUS-TFNA are accurate and specific in making a diagnosis of the mediastinal mass/nodular lesions. Its optimum use depends on the effective collaboration between the cytotechnologist, pathologist, and the bronchoscopist.

Published
2014
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19. Mimicry of sugar tumor and minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule to metastatic lung deposits in a patient with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Author

Arafah MA, Raddaoui E, Alsheikh A, Hajjar WM, and Alyousef F

Subjects
Adenocarcinoma pathology, Aged, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Melanosomes metabolism, Multiple Pulmonary Nodules pathology, Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms pathology, Radiography, Thoracic, Rectal Neoplasms pathology, Staining and Labeling, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Multiple Pulmonary Nodules diagnosis, Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms diagnosis
Abstract

Several reports have described different lung lesions mimicking primary or metastatic neoplasms. In this paper, we describe the different features of two uncommon and benign lung lesions mimicking metastasis from a primary large bowel adenocarcinoma. Our patient is a 75-year old female with a history of invasive rectal adenocarcinoma. One month after her surgery, she started complaining of coughing and shortness of breath. Clear cell sugar tumor and minute meningothelial-like nodules had been found incidentally and simultaneously during her chest x-ray. The diagnosis had been made based on morphology and was supported by a positive staining to a panel of immunohistochemical stains including CD34, vimentin, HMB45, melan A and S100. An ultra-structural examination was also performed and confirmed the presence of melanosomes in sugar tumor. The coexistence of lung sugar tumor and minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules has never been reported in the literature and an awareness of these lesions is essential to correctly diagnose and stage patients.

Published
2013
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20. Comparison of three groups of patients with usual interstitial pneumonia.

Author

Alhamad EH, Al-Kassimi FA, Alboukai AA, Raddaoui E, Al-Hajjaj MS, Hajjar W, and Shaik SA

Subjects
Biomarkers blood, Connective Tissue Diseases diagnosis, Connective Tissue Diseases mortality, Female, Humans, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis diagnosis, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis mortality, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Function Tests, Serum Albumin metabolism, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Autoimmune Diseases complications, Connective Tissue Diseases etiology, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis etiology
Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with lungdominant connective tissue disease (LD-CTD) with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) who do not meet the criteria for any form of CTD, and to compare these parameters with those of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF/UIP) and CTD-associated-UIP., Methods: We conducted a prospective study on 118 patients diagnosed with UIP [LD-CTD, n = 28; CTDUIP, n = 29; and IPF/UIP, n = 61]. We compared the clinical characteristics, physiological findings, serum albumin concentrations, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging data, and outcomes among the three groups and used Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis to identify variables associated with an increased risk of death., Results: The LD-CTD and CTD-UIP patients were younger, more often female, and predominantly nonsmokers, compared with the IPF/UIP group. A significant difference in survival was evident between patients in the CTD-UIP and IPF/UIP groups (p = 0.028), but not between LD-CTD and IPF/UIP (p = 0.164) or between LD-CTD and CTD-UIP (p = 0.254). The variables associated with poorer survival in all UIP patients were (reduced) initial SpO2 level (hazard ratio [HR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1-3.7; p = 0.009) and lower serum albumin concentration (HR 2.16; 95% CI 1.6-2.7; p = 0.008)., Conclusions: LD-CTD has distinct clinical characteristics that suggest an autoimmune background resembling that of CTD-UIP but differing from that of IPF/UIP. However, LD-CTD with a UIP pattern was not associated with improved survival. The resting oxygen saturation level and serum albumin concentration were independent predictors of mortality in all of the studied UIP patients, regardless of UIP type., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012
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21. Abrupt withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids does not result in spirometric deterioration in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Effect of phenotyping?

Author

Al-Kassimi FA, Alhamad EH, Al-Hajjaj MS, Abba AA, Raddaoui E, and Shaikh SA

Abstract

Background and Objective: Some studies show a decline of FEV(1) only one month after withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), while others show no decline. We speculate that the presence of an asthma phenotype in the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) population, and that its exclusion may result in no spirometric deterioration., Methods: We performed a prospective clinical observation study on 32 patients who fulfilled the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive lung disease definition of COPD (Grade II-IV). They were divided into two phenotypic groups. 1. Irreversible asthma (A and B) (n = 13): A. Asthma: Bronchial biopsy shows diffuse thickening of basement membrane (≥ 6.6 μm). B. Airflow limitation (AFL) likely to be asthma: KCO > 80% predicted if the patient refused biopsy. 2. COPD (A and B) (n = 19): A. COPD: hypercapneic respiratory failure with raised bicarbonate, panlobular emphysema with multiple bullas, or bronchial biopsy showing squamous metaplasia and epithelial/subepithelial inflammation without thickening of the basement membrane. B. AFL likely to be COPD: KCO < 80% predicted., Results: The asthma phenotype was significantly younger, had a strong association with hypertrophy of nasal turbinates, and registered a significant improvement of FEV(1) (350 ml) vs a decline of - 26.5 ml in the COPD phenotype following therapy with budesonide/formoterol for one year. Withdrawal of budesonide for 4 weeks in the COPD phenotype resulted in FEV(1) + 1.33% (SD ± 5.71) and FVC + 1.24% (SD ± 5.32); a change of <12% in all patients., Conclusions: We recorded no spirometric deterioration after exclusion of the asthma phenotype from a COPD group.

Published
2012
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22. LPS-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) gene mutation in a family with inflammatory bowel disease and combined immunodeficiency.

Author

Alangari A, Alsultan A, Adly N, Massaad MJ, Kiani IS, Aljebreen A, Raddaoui E, Almomen AK, Al-Muhsen S, Geha RS, and Alkuraya FS

Subjects
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing deficiency, Adolescent, Base Sequence, Child, Consanguinity, DNA Mutational Analysis, Exome immunology, Family, Humans, Immunophenotyping, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases complications, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases immunology, Lipopolysaccharides immunology, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Pedigree, Phenotype, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency complications, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency immunology, Young Adult, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing genetics, Exome genetics, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases genetics, Mutation, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency genetics
Abstract

Background: Clinical immunology has traditionally relied on accurate phenotyping of the patient's immune dysfunction for the identification of a candidate gene or genes for sequencing and molecular confirmation. Although this is also true for other branches of medicine, the marked variability in immune-related phenotypes and the highly complex network of molecules that confer normal host immunity are challenges that clinical immunologists often face in their quest to establish a specific genetic diagnosis., Objective: We sought to identify the underlying genetic cause in a consanguineous family with chronic inflammatory bowel disease-like disorder and combined immunodeficiency., Methods: We performed exome sequencing followed by autozygome filtration., Results: A truncating mutation in LPS-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA), which abolished protein expression, was identified as the most likely candidate variant in this family., Conclusion: The combined exome sequencing and autozygosity mapping approach is a powerful tool in the study of atypical immune dysfunctions. We identify LRBA as a novel immunodeficiency candidate gene the precise role of which in the immune system requires future studies., (Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2012
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23. A 38-year old woman with a dural based lesion.

Author

Husain S, Alkhalidi HM, and Raddaoui E

Subjects
Adult, Brain Neoplasms surgery, Dura Mater surgery, Female, Frontal Lobe surgery, Histiocytes pathology, Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell surgery, Humans, Parietal Lobe surgery, Treatment Outcome, Brain Neoplasms pathology, Dura Mater pathology, Frontal Lobe pathology, Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell pathology, Parietal Lobe pathology
Abstract

Isolated intracranial xanthogranulomas arising from the dura mater are extremely rare.We present a case of a symptomatic large right frontoparietal dura based intracranial xanthogranuloma in a 38-year-old female. Xanthogranulomas are benign non-Langerhans cell histiocytic lesions. They are frequently described in the skin of infants and children. Extracutaneous manifestations especially in the central nervous system are highly uncommon. Dural xanthogranulomas usually arise in association with familial hypercholesterolemia, with Erdheim Chester disease (ECD), and with Weber-Christian disease. Our case however, had no such associations. In this report, the authors describe the clinical, radiological and microscopic presentation of this case and the differential diagnoses of intracranial xanthogranuloma.

Published
2012
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24. Low-grade malignant myoepithelioma arising in a pleomorphic adenoma: a rare case.

Author

Raddaoui E, Al-Hujaily AS, and Al-Dhahri SF

Subjects
Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parotid Neoplasms complications, Adenoma, Pleomorphic pathology, Myoepithelioma pathology, Neoplasms, Second Primary pathology, Parotid Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Malignant myoepithelioma is a very rare salivary gland tumor that can arise de novo or within a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. We report a case of malignant myoepithelioma most probably arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland. The patient was a 60-year-old man who presented with a multinodular mass lesion over left side of the face and neck. He had undergone removal of a pleomorphic adenoma of the left parotid gland twice (8 and 22 years ago). Histological examination showed locally concentrated highly invasive myoepithelial cells with bland-looking morphology and no evidence of mitosis or necrosis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the myoepithelial differentiation (S- 100+, SMA+) and a low Ki-67 labeling index (<5%).

Published
2012
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25. Hemangioendothelioma of the eyelid can mimic chalazion.

Author

Al-Faky YH, Al Malki S, and Raddaoui E

Abstract

Hemangioendothelioma is an uncommon vascular lesion that usually occurs in the liver, bone, lung, skin, and other organs with unknown etiology. A rare form of this lesion has been reported in the eyelid. We report the case of a 27-year-old female with right lower eyelid mass simulating chalazion of 3 weeks duration. The histopathologic examination of the excised nodule confirmed the diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of eyelid epithelioid hemangioendothelioma reported in the English literature.

Published
2011
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26. Clinical utility and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions: Saudi Arabian experience.

Author

Raddaoui E

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biopsy, Fine-Needle statistics & numerical data, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnosis, Retrospective Studies, Saudi Arabia, Sensitivity and Specificity, Biopsy, Fine-Needle methods, Endosonography methods, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Pancreatic Neoplasms surgery
Abstract

Background/aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has emerged as a new and effective tool in the evaluation of pancreatic mass lesions. It has proven to be a safe, accurate, and reliable diagnostic procedure and should be performed in centers with experienced gastroenterologists and cytopathologists for optimum results. In this study, we elaborate on our experience of specimen adequacy criteria, overall efficiency of the technique, and the cytomorphologic features of various pancreatic lesions., Patients and Methods: EUS-FNA of the pancreas and subsequent surgical and/or clinical follow-up of all cases performed at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from November 2006 to January 2010, were retrospectively reviewed. Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou staining methods were used. Immunohistochemistry stains on cell-block preparations were applied whenever available and required. A total of 43 aspirates from 42 patients were available for retrospective review, including 37 (86%) adequate/diagnostic and 6 (14%) inadequate/non-diagnostic cases. The diagnostic group included 17 (46%) malignant and 20 (54%) benign cases. Of the malignant category (17 cases), 11 (65%) were diagnosed as positive for adenocarcinoma, 4 (23%) as neuroendocrine tumor, 1 (6%) as solid pseudo-papillary neoplasm, and 1 (6%) as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The benign category (20 cases) included 5 (25%) cysts/pseudo-cysts, 8 (40%) non-specific pancreatitis, 4 (20%) granulomatous/tuberculous pancreatitis, 1 (5%) benign neoplasm, and 2 (10%) benign not otherwise specified, both were proven to be false-negative cases. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate for the diagnosis of cancers were 74, 100, and 86%, respectively. No false-positive results were reported. All malignant cases showed characteristic cytomorphologic features that were sufficient for their diagnosis., Conclusion: EUS-FNA in adequate samples is an efficient and accurate modality in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. Applying immunohistochemical studies on cell-block preparation can facilitate the final, definitive, and specific diagnosis of some difficult pancreatic neoplasms., (Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2011
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27. Asthma masquerading as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a study of smokers fulfilling the GOLD definition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Author

Al-Kassimi FA, Abba AA, Al-Hajjaj MS, Alhamad EH, Raddaoui E, and Shaikh SA

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Asthma complications, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma pathology, Asthma physiopathology, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive complications, Spirometry, Vital Capacity, Asthma diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Smoking
Abstract

Background: Irreversible airways obstruction in smokers is usually attributed to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We speculate that some of these are cases of asthma indistinguishable from COPD., Objectives: To determine the prevalence of asthma in a 'COPD' population and how to differentiate the two conditions., Methods: This was a prospective observational study of smokers fulfilling the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease definition of COPD [mean post-salbutamol forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 66.9% predicted]. They were classified into 4 groups, as follows: (1) inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-responsive asthma, defined by normalization of spirometry upon ICS treatment; (2) irreversible asthma, defined as airway obstruction for 1 year and bronchial biopsy indicating asthma; (3) COPD, in the presence of bilateral panlobular emphysema with bullae on high-resolution computed tomography, hypercapneic respiratory failure or bronchial biopsy indicating COPD, and (4) unclassified airflow limitation (AFL)., Results: Eighty patients fulfilled the definition of COPD. The initial diagnosis was COPD in 57.5% and asthma in 42.5%. The final diagnosis was ICS-responsive asthma in 48 patients (60%), irreversible asthma in 8 (10%), COPD in 16 (20%) and unclassified AFL in 8 (10%). A normal transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide (KCO) and an FEV1 fluctuation ≥18% during 1 year of follow-up distinguished irreversible asthma and COPD. Seven of the 8 patients with irreversible asthma had improved FEV1 at the end of 1 year (median 320 ml compared with -29 ml in COPD). Five out of the 8 unclassified AFL cases had normal KCO and a large improvement in FEV(1) suggestive of irreversible asthma., Conclusions: COPD, even in heavy smokers, includes cases of asthma. FEV1 fluctuation during 1 year is a novel concept which may distinguish irreversible asthma and COPD., (Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2011
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28. Sarcoidosis presenting with massive splenomegaly in a child with a history of iridocyclitis and sensorineural deafness.

Author

Alsultan A, Raddaoui E, Osman ME, Othman S, Khalifah M, and Alsubaie S

Subjects
Child, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Gallium, Humans, Positron-Emission Tomography, Sarcoidosis pathology, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural complications, Iridocyclitis complications, Sarcoidosis diagnosis, Splenomegaly etiology
Abstract

Childhood sarcoidosis is a rare multisystemic disorder that can have variable clinical presentations. A triad of skin, eye, and joint involvement is common in children younger than 5 years; however, pulmonary disease is more common in older children, similar to adults. The authors report the case of a 10-year-old girl who presented solely with massive splenomegaly. Her history was significant for iridocyclitis and unilateral sensorineural deafness at 6 and 7 years of age, respectively. A gallium scan showed diffuse splenic uptake, and the pathology of the spleen was consistent with a noncaseating granuloma, with no evidence of malignancy. A work-up for infectious etiology was unremarkable. This case demonstrates that the challenge in diagnosing sarcoidosis in young children stems from its ability to present in several unique clinical scenarios. It also reinforces the importance of tissue evaluation and the exclusion of other differential diagnoses, such as lymphoma, to confirm the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Published
2010
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29. Abdominal wall endometriosis: a report of 2 cases with primary diagnosis by fine needle aspiration.

Author

Raddaoui E and Ameeri S

Subjects
Adult, Biopsy, Fine-Needle, Diagnosis, Differential, Endometriosis pathology, Female, Humans, Sensitivity and Specificity, Abdominal Wall pathology, Endometriosis diagnosis
Abstract

Background: Abdominal wall endometriosis is usually preceded by obstetric operations and occasionally can be spontaneous. The diagnosis can be suspected clinically when there is systemic endometriosis or cyclic pain; otherwise it is difficult to differentiate it from other abdominal tumors and nonneoplastic conditions. Fine needle aspiration is an extremely valuable and safe tool for preoperative evaluation of abdominal wall endometriosis as the disease usually presents as a cutaneous/subcutaneous mass., Cases: Two cases of abdominal wall endometriosis occurred. One was associated with systemic endometriosis, an the second was spontaneous. The diagnosis was reached correctly and confirmed by the subsequent histologic examination., Conclusion: The cytopathologic diagnosis ofendometriosis is feasible, and we need to include endometriosis in the differential diagnosis of an abdominal wall mass in a females.

Published
2010
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30. Low-grade papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the parotid gland: presentation of a case with cytological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features and pertinent literature review.

Author

Aloudah NM, Raddaoui E, Aldhahri S, and Al-Abbadi MA

Subjects
Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Biopsy, Fine-Needle, Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary diagnostic imaging, Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary surgery, Humans, Keratin-7 analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Parotid Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Parotid Neoplasms surgery, Radiography, Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary pathology, Parotid Neoplasms pathology
Abstract

Cystadenocarcinoma of the salivary glands is a very rare, slow growing, low-grade malignant neoplasm. However, when it occurs, it poses a diagnostic challenge. They are usually well circumscribed and exhibit multicystic appearance. The cytological features of fine-needle aspirates show bland appearing papillary and micropapillary neoplasm with variable cellularity and absence of cytological atypia. The cells are small to medium in size with abundant and occasionally vacuolated cytoplasm. The nuclei are eccentric, bland appearing, round, and at the most part uniform in size without anaplasia or mitotic activity. The background is commonly mucoid. Histologically, the neoplasm is usually well circumscribed and contains variably sized multicystic spaces with papillary structures. Foci of definite stromal invasion by tumor cells have to be present to justify the diagnosis of carcinoma. The remainders of the cytological features are similar to these seen on cytological smears. Typically, they are slow growing and conservative, but complete surgical excision is considered adequate. We present a case in a 57-year-old Saudi man that we believe the first from our region demonstrating the clinical and pathological features.

Published
2009
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31. Fusion of the FUS and ATF1 genes in a large, deep-seated angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma.

Author

Raddaoui E, Donner LR, and Panagopoulos I

Subjects
Activating Transcription Factor 1, Adult, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Hemangioma chemistry, Hemangioma pathology, Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous chemistry, Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous pathology, Humans, Male, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Artificial Gene Fusion, DNA-Binding Proteins, Hemangioma genetics, Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous genetics, RNA-Binding Protein FUS genetics, Transcription Factors genetics
Abstract

We report a case of a large, deep-seated, diagnostically difficult angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma. The neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, calponin, CD99, and, focally, for desmin and contained intertwining cytoplasmic processes joined by desmosomelike junctions. Fusion of codon 175 of the gene to codon 110 of the gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Because identical fusion of the and genes has been recently reported in another case of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, fusion of these genes may be characteristic for at least a subset of these tumors.

Published
2002
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