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1. Environmental contribution to antimicrobial resistance: A largely ignored global health issue

Author

Adam Mustapha, Ibrahim A. Allamin, Haruna Y. Ismai, Ukpai A. Eze, Muhammad M. Ibrahim, Rabi Y. Bello, and Aminatu U. Faruq

Subjects
antimicrobial resistance, natural environment, non-clinical bacterial isolates, multidrug resistance genes, wastewater, Science
Abstract

Environmental contribution to the continued occurrence of antibiotic resistance has been largely unexplored. There has been much focus on clinical isolates for their resistant nature but non-clinical bacterial isolates in the environment have been considered as the chief contributing factors that facilitate the spread and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ABR) and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). The natural environment acts as a reservoir for bacteria, providing them with a favourable condition for their emergence and breeding of resistance. One such environmental leverage is inter/intra-specie exchange of genes encoding resistance factors. It was argued that human activities aid immensely in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the environment. The rationale for this review is to examine extensively the complex interplay of antibiotic resistance from the natural environmental perspective and factors that influence the occurrence and dissemination of such resistance. It also seeks to stress the biological factors that facilitate the emergence of resistance and link it to general biological processes. The review has been structured to capture the general threat posed by the circulation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genes, as well as the influence of the environment in contributing to this global health threat. In addition, the review looked at the effective methods used to tackle the silent pandemic, by controlling the spread of resistance in the environment. Environmental stakeholders and policymakers are recommended to be included in tackling the development of antibiotic resistance.

Published
2021
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2. A recommendation for the use of electrical biosensing technology in neonatology.

Author

van Wyk, L, Austin, T, Barzilay, B, Bravo, MC, Breindahl, M, Czernik, C, Dempsey, E, de Boode, W-P, de Vries, W, Eriksen, BH, Fauchére, J-C, Kooi, EMW, Levy, PT, McNamara, PJ, Mitra, S, Nestaas, E, Rabe, H, Rabi, Y, Rogerson, SR, Savoia, M, Schena, F, Sehgal, A, Schwarz, CE, Thome, U, van Laere, D, Zaharie, GC, Gupta, S, ESPR Special Interest Group on Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring, van Wyk, L, Austin, T, Barzilay, B, Bravo, MC, Breindahl, M, Czernik, C, Dempsey, E, de Boode, W-P, de Vries, W, Eriksen, BH, Fauchére, J-C, Kooi, EMW, Levy, PT, McNamara, PJ, Mitra, S, Nestaas, E, Rabe, H, Rabi, Y, Rogerson, SR, Savoia, M, Schena, F, Sehgal, A, Schwarz, CE, Thome, U, van Laere, D, Zaharie, GC, Gupta, S, and ESPR Special Interest Group on Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring

Abstract

Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring, via electrical biosensing technology (EBT), provides continuous, multi-parameter hemodynamic variable monitoring which may allow for timely identification of hemodynamic instability in some neonates, providing an opportunity for early intervention that may improve neonatal outcomes. EBT encompasses thoracic (TEBT) and whole body (WBEBT) methods. Despite the lack of relative accuracy of these technologies, as compared to transthoracic echocardiography, the use of these technologies in neonatology, both in the research and clinical arena, have increased dramatically over the last 30 years. The European Society of Pediatric Research Special Interest Group in Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring, a group of experienced neonatologists in the field of EBT, deemed it appropriate to provide recommendations for the use of TEBT and WBEBT in the field of neonatology. Although TEBT is not an accurate determinant of cardiac output or stroke volume, it may be useful for monitoring longitudinal changes of hemodynamic parameters. Few recommendations can be made for the use of TEBT in common neonatal clinical conditions. It is recommended not to use WBEBT to monitor cardiac output. The differences in technologies, study methodologies and data reporting should be addressed in ongoing research prior to introducing EBT into routine practice. IMPACT STATEMENT: TEBT is not recommended as an accurate determinant of cardiac output (CO) (or stroke volume (SV)). TEBT may be useful for monitoring longitudinal changes from baseline of hemodynamic parameters on an individual patient basis. TEBT-derived thoracic fluid content (TFC) longitudinal changes from baseline may be useful in monitoring progress in respiratory disorders and circulatory conditions affecting intrathoracic fluid volume. Currently there is insufficient evidence to make any recommendations regarding the use of WBEBT for CO monitoring in neonates. Further research is required in all are

Published
2024

5. 2023 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Task Forces

Author

Berg, K. M., Bray, J. E., Ng, K. -C., Liley, H. G., Greif, R., Carlson, J. N., Morley, P. T., Drennan, I. R., Smyth, M., Scholefield, B. R., Weiner, G. M., Cheng, A., Djarv, T., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Acworth, J., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Couto, T. B., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Breckwoldt, J., Cassan, P., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dassanayake, V., Davis, P. G., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Dicker, B., Douma, M. J., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Fijacko, N., Finn, J. C., Flores, G. E., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P., Kule, A., Kurosawa, H., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y., Lockey, A. S., Macneil, F., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Hansen, C. M., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Monnelly, V., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., Ohshimo, S., Olasveengen, T. M., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Raitt, J., Ramachandran, S., Ramaswamy, V. V., Raymond, T. T., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Singletary, E. M., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Soar, J., Stassen, W., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Topjian, A. A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wyckoff, M. H., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Zelop, C. M., Zideman, D. A., Nolan, J. P., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bruckner, M., Castren, M., Chong, S., Claesson, A., Dunne, C. L., Finan, E., Fukuda, T., Ganesan, S. L., Gately, C., Gois, A., Gray, S., Halamek, L. P., Hoover, A. V., Hurst, C., Josephsen, J., Kollander, L., Kamlin, C. O., Kool, M., Li, L., Mecrow, T. S., Montgomery, W., Ristau, P., Jayashree, M., Schmidt, A., Scquizzato, T. -M., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J., Solevag, A. L., Strand, M. L., Szpilman, D., Szyld, E., Thom, O., Tobin, J. M., Trang, J., Webber, J., Webster, H. K., Wellsford, M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Berg, K. M., Bray, J. E., Ng, K. -C., Liley, H. G., Greif, R., Carlson, J. N., Morley, P. T., Drennan, I. R., Smyth, M., Scholefield, B. R., Weiner, G. M., Cheng, A., Djarv, T., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Acworth, J., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Couto, T. B., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Breckwoldt, J., Cassan, P., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dassanayake, V., Davis, P. G., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Dicker, B., Douma, M. J., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Fijacko, N., Finn, J. C., Flores, G. E., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P., Kule, A., Kurosawa, H., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y., Lockey, A. S., Macneil, F., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Hansen, C. M., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Monnelly, V., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., Ohshimo, S., Olasveengen, T. M., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Raitt, J., Ramachandran, S., Ramaswamy, V. V., Raymond, T. T., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Singletary, E. M., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Soar, J., Stassen, W., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Topjian, A. A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wyckoff, M. H., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Zelop, C. M., Zideman, D. A., Nolan, J. P., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bruckner, M., Castren, M., Chong, S., Claesson, A., Dunne, C. L., Finan, E., Fukuda, T., Ganesan, S. L., Gately, C., Gois, A., Gray, S., Halamek, L. P., Hoover, A. V., Hurst, C., Josephsen, J., Kollander, L., Kamlin, C. O., Kool, M., Li, L., Mecrow, T. S., Montgomery, W., Ristau, P., Jayashree, M., Schmidt, A., Scquizzato, T. -M., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J., Solevag, A. L., Strand, M. L., Szpilman, D., Szyld, E., Thom, O., Tobin, J. M., Trang, J., Webber, J., Webster, H. K., Wellsford, M., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation engages in a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first aid science. Draft Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations are posted online throughout the year, and this annual summary provides more concise versions of the final Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations from all task forces for the year. Topics addressed by systematic reviews this year include resuscitation of cardiac arrest from drowning, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for adults and children, calcium during cardiac arrest, double sequential defibrillation, neuroprognostication after cardiac arrest for adults and children, maintaining normal temperature after preterm birth, heart rate monitoring methods for diagnostics in neonates, detection of exhaled carbon dioxide in neonates, family presence during resuscitation of adults, and a stepwise approach to resuscitation skills training. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces list priority knowledge gaps for further research. Additional topics are addressed with scoping reviews and evidence updates.

Published
2023

6. DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURE CLASSIFICATION USING DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHMS

Author

White, J., primary, Wadhawan, A., additional, Min, H., additional, Rabi, Y., additional, Schmutz, B., additional, Dowling, J., additional, Tchernegovski, A., additional, Bourgeat, P., additional, Tetsworth, K., additional, Fripp, J., additional, Mitchell, G., additional, Hacking, C., additional, Williamson, F., additional, and Schuetz, M., additional

Published
2023
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9. NETwork Meta-analysis Of Trials of Initial Oxygen in preterm Newborns (NETMOTION): A Protocol for Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Network Meta-Analysis of Preterm Infants <32 Weeks' Gestation Randomized to Initial Oxygen Concentration for Resuscitation

Author

Sotiropoulos, J.X., Oei, J.L., Schmolzer, G.M., Hunter, K.E., Williams, J.G., Webster, A.C., Vento, M., Kapadia, V., Rabi, Y., Dekker, J., Vermeulen, M.J., Sundaram, V., Kumar, P., Saugstad, O.D., and Seidler, A.L.

Subjects
Individual participant data meta-analysis, Preterm birth, Oxygen concentration, Neonatal resuscitation, Network meta-analysis
Abstract

Background: Internationally recognized guidelines recommend the judicious use of low oxygen (21-30%), titrated to peripheral oxygen saturation targets, for the initiation of re- suscitation of very and extremely preterm infants (= 90%) oxygen. A two-step random-effects contrastbased network meta-regression will be calculated to compare and rank different oxygen concentrations. Analyses will be intention-to-treat, with the primary outcome of all-cause mortality. Discussion: This is the first individual participant data network meta-analysis of initial oxygen concentrations for the resuscitation of preterm infants. This novel approach may address long-standing uncertainty regarding optimal oxygen supplementation practice for the resuscitation of preterm infants

Published
2022

10. 2021 International consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations

Author

Wyckoff, MH, Singletary, EM, Soar, J, Olasveengen, TM, Greif, R, Liley, HG, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, LW, Avis, SR, Aziz, K, Bendall, JC, Berry, DC, Borra, V, Böttiger, BW, Bradley, R, Bray, JE, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, JN, Cassan, P, Castrén, M, Chang, WT, Charlton, NP, Cheng, A, Chung, SP, Costa-Nobre, DT, Dainty, KN, Davis, PG, de Almeida, MF, de Caen, AR, de Paiva, EF, Deakin, CD, Djärv, T, Douma, MJ, Drennan, IR, Duff, JP, Eastwood, KJ, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, JL, Escalante, R, Fabres, JG, Fawke, J, Finn, JC, Foglia, EE, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, CA, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, MF, Heriot, GS, Hirsch, KG, Holmberg, MJ, Hosono, S, Hsieh, MJ, Hung, KKC, Hsu, CH, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, VS, Kawakami, MD, Kim, HS, Kloeck, DA, Kudenchuk, PJ, Lagina, AT, Lauridsen, KG, Lavonas, EJ, Lockey, AS, Hansen, CM, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, CJD, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, RM, Meyran, D, Morley, PT, Morrison, LJ, Nation, KJ, Nemeth, M, Neumar, RW, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O’Neil, BJ, Orkin, AM, Osemeke, O, Parr, MJ, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, JL, Perkins, GD, Perlman, JM, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, JC, Ristagno, G, Roehr, CC, Sakamoto, T, Sandroni, C, Considine, Julie, Wyckoff, MH, Singletary, EM, Soar, J, Olasveengen, TM, Greif, R, Liley, HG, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, LW, Avis, SR, Aziz, K, Bendall, JC, Berry, DC, Borra, V, Böttiger, BW, Bradley, R, Bray, JE, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, JN, Cassan, P, Castrén, M, Chang, WT, Charlton, NP, Cheng, A, Chung, SP, Costa-Nobre, DT, Dainty, KN, Davis, PG, de Almeida, MF, de Caen, AR, de Paiva, EF, Deakin, CD, Djärv, T, Douma, MJ, Drennan, IR, Duff, JP, Eastwood, KJ, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, JL, Escalante, R, Fabres, JG, Fawke, J, Finn, JC, Foglia, EE, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, CA, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, MF, Heriot, GS, Hirsch, KG, Holmberg, MJ, Hosono, S, Hsieh, MJ, Hung, KKC, Hsu, CH, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, VS, Kawakami, MD, Kim, HS, Kloeck, DA, Kudenchuk, PJ, Lagina, AT, Lauridsen, KG, Lavonas, EJ, Lockey, AS, Hansen, CM, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, CJD, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, RM, Meyran, D, Morley, PT, Morrison, LJ, Nation, KJ, Nemeth, M, Neumar, RW, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O’Neil, BJ, Orkin, AM, Osemeke, O, Parr, MJ, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, JL, Perkins, GD, Perlman, JM, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, JC, Ristagno, G, Roehr, CC, Sakamoto, T, Sandroni, C, and Considine, Julie

Published
2022

11. Respiratory function monitoring during neonatal resuscitation: A systematic review.

Author

Fuerch, JH, Thio, M, Halamek, LP, Liley, HG, Wyckoff, MH, Rabi, Y, Fuerch, JH, Thio, M, Halamek, LP, Liley, HG, Wyckoff, MH, and Rabi, Y

Abstract

AIM: Positive pressure ventilation via a facemask is critical in neonatal resuscitation, but frequently results in mask leak, obstruction, and inadequate respiratory support. This systematic review aimed to determine whether the display of respiratory function monitoring improved resuscitation or clinical outcomes. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials comparing outcomes when respiratory function monitoring was displayed versus not displayed for newborns requiring positive pressure ventilation at birth were selected and from databases (last search August 2022), and assessed for risk of bias using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools for randomized control trials. The study was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Treatment recommendations were approved by the Neonatal Life Support Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Results reported primary and secondary outcomes and included resuscitation and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Of 2294 unique articles assessed for eligibility, three randomized controlled trials were included (observational studies excluded) (n = 443 patients). For predefined resuscitation and clinical outcomes, these studies either did not report the primary outcome (time to heart rate ≥ 100 bpm from birth), had differing reporting methods (achieving desired tidal volumes, significant mask leak) or did not find significant differences (intubation rate, air leaks, death before hospital discharge, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, chronic lung disease). Limitations included limited sample size for critical outcomes, inconsistent definitions amongst studies and unreported long-term outcomes. CONCLUSION: Although respiratory function monitoring has been utilized in clinical care, there is currently insufficient evidence to suggest its benefit for newborn infants receiving respiratory support for res

Published
2022

12. 2022 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations: Summary from the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; And First Aid Task Forces

Author

Wyckoff, M. H., Greif, R., Morley, P. T., Ng, K. -C., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Cheng, A., Drennan, I. R., Liley, H. G., Scholefield, B. R., Smyth, M. A., Welsford, M., Zideman, D. A., Acworth, J., Aickin, R., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Couto, T. B., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Donnino, M. W., Douma, M. J., Duff, J. P., Dunne, C. L., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y. (., Lockey, A. S., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Malta Hansen, C., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Morgan, P., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., O'Neill, B. J., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Trevisanuto, D., Van De Voorde, P., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Burdick, M. C., Cartledge, S., Dawson, J. A., Elgohary, M. M., Ersdal, H. L., Finan, E., Flaatten, H. I., Flores, G. E., Fuerch, J., Garg, R., Gately, C., Goh, M., Halamek, L. P., Handley, A. J., Hatanaka, T., Hoover, A., Issa, M., Johnson, S., Kamlin, C. O., Ko, Y. -C., Kule, A., Leone, T. A., Mackenzie, E., Macneil, F., Montgomery, W., O'Dochartaigh, D., Ohshimo, S., Palazzo, F. S., Picard, C., Quek, B. H., Raitt, J., Ramaswamy, V. V., Scapigliati, Andrea, Shah, B. A., Stewart, C., Strand, M. L., Szyld, E., Thio, M., Topjian, A. A., Udaeta, E., Vaillancourt, C., Wetsch, W. A., Wigginton, J., Yamada, N. K., Yao, S., Zace, D., Zelop, C. M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343), Wyckoff, M. H., Greif, R., Morley, P. T., Ng, K. -C., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Cheng, A., Drennan, I. R., Liley, H. G., Scholefield, B. R., Smyth, M. A., Welsford, M., Zideman, D. A., Acworth, J., Aickin, R., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Couto, T. B., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Donnino, M. W., Douma, M. J., Duff, J. P., Dunne, C. L., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y. (., Lockey, A. S., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Malta Hansen, C., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Morgan, P., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., O'Neill, B. J., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Trevisanuto, D., Van De Voorde, P., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Burdick, M. C., Cartledge, S., Dawson, J. A., Elgohary, M. M., Ersdal, H. L., Finan, E., Flaatten, H. I., Flores, G. E., Fuerch, J., Garg, R., Gately, C., Goh, M., Halamek, L. P., Handley, A. J., Hatanaka, T., Hoover, A., Issa, M., Johnson, S., Kamlin, C. O., Ko, Y. -C., Kule, A., Leone, T. A., Mackenzie, E., Macneil, F., Montgomery, W., O'Dochartaigh, D., Ohshimo, S., Palazzo, F. S., Picard, C., Quek, B. H., Raitt, J., Ramaswamy, V. V., Scapigliati, Andrea, Shah, B. A., Stewart, C., Strand, M. L., Szyld, E., Thio, M., Topjian, A. A., Udaeta, E., Vaillancourt, C., Wetsch, W. A., Wigginton, J., Yamada, N. K., Yao, S., Zace, D., Zelop, C. M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), and Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343)

Abstract

This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews include cardiopulmonary resuscitation during transport; approach to resuscitation after drowning; passive ventilation; minimizing pauses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; temperature management after cardiac arrest; use of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest; use of vasopressin and corticosteroids during cardiac arrest; coronary angiography after cardiac arrest; public-access defibrillation devices for children; pediatric early warning systems; maintaining normal temperature immediately after birth; suctioning of amniotic fluid at birth; tactile stimulation for resuscitation immediately after birth; use of continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory distress at term birth; respiratory and heart rate monitoring in the delivery room; supraglottic airway use in neonates; prearrest prediction of in-hospital cardiac arrest mortality; basic life support training for likely rescuers of high-risk populations; effect of resuscitation team training; blended learning for life support training; training and recertification for resuscitation instructors; and recovery position for maintenance of breathing and prevention of cardiac arrest. Members from 6 task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and generated consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections, and priority knowledge gaps for futu

Published
2022

13. 2021 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; First Aid Task Forces; and the COVID-19 Working Group

Author

Wyckoff, Mh, Singletary, Em, Soar, J, Olasveengen, Tm, Greif, R, Liley, Hg, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, Lw, Avis, Sr, Aziz, K, Bendall, Jc, Berry, Dc, Borra, V, Bottiger, Bw, Bradley, R, Bray, Je, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, Jn, Cassan, P, Castren, M, Chang, Wt, Charlton, Np, Cheng, A, Chung, Sp, Considine, J, Costa-Nobre, Dt, Couper, K, Dainty, Kn, Davis, Pg, de Almeida, Mf, de Caen, Ar, de Paiva, Ef, Deakin, Cd, Djarv, T, Douma, Mj, Drennan, Ir, Duff, Jp, Eastwood, Kj, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, Jl, Escalante, R, Fabres, Jg, Fawke, J, Finn, Jc, Foglia, Ee, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, Ca, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, Mf, Heriot, G, Hirsch, Kg, Holmberg, Mj, Hosono, S, Hsieh, Mj, Hung, Kkc, Hsu, Ch, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, V, Kawakami, Md, Kim, H, Kloeck, Da, Kudenchuk, Pj, Lagina, At, Lauridsen, Kg, Lavonas, Ej, Lockey, A, Hansen, Cm, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, Cjd, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, Rm, Meyran, D, Morley, Pt, Morrison, Lj, Nation, Kj, Nemeth, M, Neumar, Rw, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O'Neil, Bj, Orkin, Am, Osemeke, O, Parr, Mj, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, Jl, Perkins, Gd, Perlman, Jm, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, Jc, Ristagno, G, Roehr, Cc, Sakamoto, T, Sandroni, C, Sawyer, T, Schmolzer, Gm, Schnaubelt, S, Semeraro, F, Skrifvars, Mb, Smith, Cm, Smyth, Ma, Soll, Rf, Sugiura, T, Taylor-Phillips, S, Trevisanuto, D, Vaillancourt, C, Wang, Tl, Weiner, Gm, Welsford, M, Wigginton, J, Wyllie, Jp, Yeung, J, Nolan, Jp, Berg, Km, Sandroni, C (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Wyckoff, Mh, Singletary, Em, Soar, J, Olasveengen, Tm, Greif, R, Liley, Hg, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, Lw, Avis, Sr, Aziz, K, Bendall, Jc, Berry, Dc, Borra, V, Bottiger, Bw, Bradley, R, Bray, Je, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, Jn, Cassan, P, Castren, M, Chang, Wt, Charlton, Np, Cheng, A, Chung, Sp, Considine, J, Costa-Nobre, Dt, Couper, K, Dainty, Kn, Davis, Pg, de Almeida, Mf, de Caen, Ar, de Paiva, Ef, Deakin, Cd, Djarv, T, Douma, Mj, Drennan, Ir, Duff, Jp, Eastwood, Kj, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, Jl, Escalante, R, Fabres, Jg, Fawke, J, Finn, Jc, Foglia, Ee, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, Ca, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, Mf, Heriot, G, Hirsch, Kg, Holmberg, Mj, Hosono, S, Hsieh, Mj, Hung, Kkc, Hsu, Ch, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, V, Kawakami, Md, Kim, H, Kloeck, Da, Kudenchuk, Pj, Lagina, At, Lauridsen, Kg, Lavonas, Ej, Lockey, A, Hansen, Cm, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, Cjd, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, Rm, Meyran, D, Morley, Pt, Morrison, Lj, Nation, Kj, Nemeth, M, Neumar, Rw, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O'Neil, Bj, Orkin, Am, Osemeke, O, Parr, Mj, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, Jl, Perkins, Gd, Perlman, Jm, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, Jc, Ristagno, G, Roehr, Cc, Sakamoto, T, Sandroni, C, Sawyer, T, Schmolzer, Gm, Schnaubelt, S, Semeraro, F, Skrifvars, Mb, Smith, Cm, Smyth, Ma, Soll, Rf, Sugiura, T, Taylor-Phillips, S, Trevisanuto, D, Vaillancourt, C, Wang, Tl, Weiner, Gm, Welsford, M, Wigginton, J, Wyllie, Jp, Yeung, J, Nolan, Jp, Berg, Km, and Sandroni, C (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the fifth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations; a more comprehensive review was done in 2020. This latest summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews in this summary include resuscitation topics of video-based dispatch systems; head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation; early coronary angiography after return of spontaneous circulation; cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prone patient; cord management at birth for preterm and term infants; devices for administering positive-pressure ventilation at birth; family presence during neonatal resuscitation; self-directed, digitally based basic life support education and training in adults and children; coronavirus disease 2019 infection risk to rescuers from patients in cardiac arrest; and first aid topics, including cooling with water for thermal burns, oral rehydration for exertional dehydration, pediatric tourniquet use, and methods of tick removal. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations or good practice statements. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2022

16. Outcomes of delivery room resuscitation of bradycardic preterm infants: A retrospective cohort study of randomised trials of high vs low initial oxygen concentration and an individual patient data analysis

Author

Kapadia V, Oei JL, Finer N, Rich W, Rabi Y, Wright IM, Rook D, Vermeulen MJ, Tarnow-Mordi WO, Smyth JP, Lui K, Brown S, Saugstad OD, and Vento M

Subjects
Death, Oxygen, Neonatal Resuscitation Program, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Oxygen saturation, Heart rate, Bradycardia, Systematic review, Neonatal resuscitation, Mortality, Newborn, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
Abstract

Objective: To determine whether hospital mortality (primary outcome) is associated with duration of bradycardia without chest compressions during delivery room (DR) resuscitation in a retrospective cohort study of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in preterm infants assigned low versus high initial oxygen concentration. Methods: Medline and EMBASE were searched from 01/01/1990 to 12/01/2020. RCTs of low vs high initial oxygen concentration which recorded serial heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) during resuscitation of infants = 2 min. Individual patient data analysis and pooled data analysis were conducted. Results: Data were collected from 720 infants in 8 RCTs. Neonates with PB had higher odds of hospital death before [OR 3.8 (95% CI 1.5, 9.3)] and after [OR 1.7 (1.2, 2.5)] adjusting for potential confounders. Bradycardia occurred in 58% infants, while 38% had PB. Infants with bradycardia were more premature and had lower birth weights. The incidence of bradycardia in infants resuscitated with low (= 60%) oxygen was similar. Neonates with both, PB and SpO(2) < 80% at 5 min after birth had higher odds of hospital mortality. [OR 18.6 (4.3, 79.7)]. Conclusion: In preterm infants who did not receive chest compressions in the DR, prolonged bradycardia is associated with hospital mortality.

Published
2021

17. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants after randomisation to initial resuscitation with lower (FiO 2 < 0.3) or higher (FiO 2 > 0.6) initial oxygen levels. An individual patient meta-analysis

Author

Oei JL, Kapadia V, Rabi Y, Saugstad OD, Rook D, Vermeulen MJ, Boronat N, Thamrin V, Tarnow-Mordi W, Smyth J, Wright IM, Lui K, van Goudoever JB, Gebski V, and Vento M

Subjects
neonatology, resuscitation
Abstract

To determine the effects of lower (=0.3) versus higher (=0.6) initial fractional inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ) for resuscitation on death and/or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in infants

Published
2021

18. 2021 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams

Author

Wyckoff, MH, Singletary, EM, Soar, J, Olasveengen, TM, Greif, R, Liley, HG, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, LW, Avis, SR, Aziz, K, Bendall, JC, Berry, DC, Borra, V, Böttiger, BW, Bradley, R, Bray, JE, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, JN, Cassan, P, Castrén, M, Chang, WT, Charlton, NP, Cheng, A, Chung, SP, Considine, Julie, Costa-Nobre, DT, Couper, K, Dainty, KN, Davis, PG, de Almeida, MF, de Caen, AR, de Paiva, EF, Deakin, CD, Djärv, T, Douma, MJ, Drennan, IR, Duff, JP, Eastwood, KJ, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, JL, Escalante, R, Fabres, JG, Fawke, J, Finn, JC, Foglia, EE, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, CA, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, MF, Heriot, GS, Hirsch, KG, Holmberg, MJ, Hosono, S, Hsieh, MJ, Hung, KKC, Hsu, CH, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, VS, Kawakami, MD, Kim, HS, Kloeck, DA, Kudenchuk, PJ, Lagina, AT, Lauridsen, KG, Lavonas, EJ, Lockey, AS, Malta Hansen, C, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, CJD, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, RM, Meyran, D, Morley, PT, Morrison, LJ, Nation, KJ, Nemeth, M, Neumar, RW, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O'Neil, BJ, Orkin, AM, Osemeke, O, Parr, MJ, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, JL, Perkins, GD, Perlman, JM, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, JC, Ristagno, G, Roehr, CC, Wyckoff, MH, Singletary, EM, Soar, J, Olasveengen, TM, Greif, R, Liley, HG, Zideman, D, Bhanji, F, Andersen, LW, Avis, SR, Aziz, K, Bendall, JC, Berry, DC, Borra, V, Böttiger, BW, Bradley, R, Bray, JE, Breckwoldt, J, Carlson, JN, Cassan, P, Castrén, M, Chang, WT, Charlton, NP, Cheng, A, Chung, SP, Considine, Julie, Costa-Nobre, DT, Couper, K, Dainty, KN, Davis, PG, de Almeida, MF, de Caen, AR, de Paiva, EF, Deakin, CD, Djärv, T, Douma, MJ, Drennan, IR, Duff, JP, Eastwood, KJ, El-Naggar, W, Epstein, JL, Escalante, R, Fabres, JG, Fawke, J, Finn, JC, Foglia, EE, Folke, F, Freeman, K, Gilfoyle, E, Goolsby, CA, Grove, A, Guinsburg, R, Hatanaka, T, Hazinski, MF, Heriot, GS, Hirsch, KG, Holmberg, MJ, Hosono, S, Hsieh, MJ, Hung, KKC, Hsu, CH, Ikeyama, T, Isayama, T, Kapadia, VS, Kawakami, MD, Kim, HS, Kloeck, DA, Kudenchuk, PJ, Lagina, AT, Lauridsen, KG, Lavonas, EJ, Lockey, AS, Malta Hansen, C, Markenson, D, Matsuyama, T, McKinlay, CJD, Mehrabian, A, Merchant, RM, Meyran, D, Morley, PT, Morrison, LJ, Nation, KJ, Nemeth, M, Neumar, RW, Nicholson, T, Niermeyer, S, Nikolaou, N, Nishiyama, C, O'Neil, BJ, Orkin, AM, Osemeke, O, Parr, MJ, Patocka, C, Pellegrino, JL, Perkins, GD, Perlman, JM, Rabi, Y, Reynolds, JC, Ristagno, G, and Roehr, CC

Published
2021

19. 2021 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; First Aid Task Forces; and the COVID-19 Working Group

Author

Wyckoff, M. H., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Olasveengen, T. M., Greif, R., Liley, H. G., Zideman, D., Bhanji, F., Andersen, L. W., Avis, S. R., Aziz, K., Bendall, J. C., Berry, D. C., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., de Paiva, E. F., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Douma, M. J., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Eastwood, K. J., El-Naggar, W., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J. C., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Freeman, K., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Grove, A., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hazinski, M. F., Heriot, G. S., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hung, K. K. C., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lockey, A. S., Malta Hansen, C., Markenson, D., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Mehrabian, A., Merchant, R. M., Meyran, D., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nation, K. J., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Niermeyer, S., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., O'Neil, B. J., Orkin, A. M., Osemeke, O., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Smyth, M. A., Soll, R. F., Sugiura, T., Taylor-Phillips, S., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Welsford, M., Wigginton, J., Wyllie, J. P., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bierens, J., Cacciola, Sofia, Cellini, J., Claesson, A., Court, R., D'Arrigo, Sonia, De Brier, N., Dunne, C. L., Elsenga, H. E., Johnson, S., Kleven, G., Maconochie, I., Mecrow, T., Morgan, P., Otto, Q., Palmieri, T. L., Parnia, S., Pawar, R., Pereira, J., Rudd, S., Scapigliati, Andrea, Schmidt, A., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J. R., Szpilman, D., Warner, D. S., Webber, J. B., West, R. L., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Cacciola S., D'Arrigo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6740-3195), Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343), Wyckoff, M. H., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Olasveengen, T. M., Greif, R., Liley, H. G., Zideman, D., Bhanji, F., Andersen, L. W., Avis, S. R., Aziz, K., Bendall, J. C., Berry, D. C., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., de Paiva, E. F., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Douma, M. J., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Eastwood, K. J., El-Naggar, W., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J. C., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Freeman, K., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Grove, A., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hazinski, M. F., Heriot, G. S., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hung, K. K. C., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lockey, A. S., Malta Hansen, C., Markenson, D., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Mehrabian, A., Merchant, R. M., Meyran, D., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nation, K. J., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Niermeyer, S., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., O'Neil, B. J., Orkin, A. M., Osemeke, O., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Smyth, M. A., Soll, R. F., Sugiura, T., Taylor-Phillips, S., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Welsford, M., Wigginton, J., Wyllie, J. P., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bierens, J., Cacciola, Sofia, Cellini, J., Claesson, A., Court, R., D'Arrigo, Sonia, De Brier, N., Dunne, C. L., Elsenga, H. E., Johnson, S., Kleven, G., Maconochie, I., Mecrow, T., Morgan, P., Otto, Q., Palmieri, T. L., Parnia, S., Pawar, R., Pereira, J., Rudd, S., Scapigliati, Andrea, Schmidt, A., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J. R., Szpilman, D., Warner, D. S., Webber, J. B., West, R. L., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Cacciola S., D'Arrigo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6740-3195), and Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the fifth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations; a more comprehensive review was done in 2020. This latest summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews in this summary include resuscitation topics of video-based dispatch systems; head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation; early coronary angiography after return of spontaneous circulation; cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prone patient; cord management at birth for preterm and term infants; devices for administering positive-pressure ventilation at birth; family presence during neonatal resuscitation; self-directed, digitally based basic life support education and training in adults and children; coronavirus disease 2019 infection risk to rescuers from patients in cardiac arrest; and first aid topics, including cooling with water for thermal burns, oral rehydration for exertional dehydration, pediatric tourniquet use, and methods of tick removal. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations or good practice statements. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2021

22. 2019 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations: Summary from the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; And First Aid Task Forces

Author

Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Yong-Kwang Ong, G., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van De Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Fran Hazinski, M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Yong-Kwang Ong, G., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van De Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Fran Hazinski, M., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2019

23. 2019 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

Author

Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Ong, G. Y. -K., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, C., Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van de Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Hazinski, M. F., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Ong, G. Y. -K., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, C., Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van de Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Hazinski, M. F., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2019

25. Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation

Author

Wyllie, J., Perlman, J. M., Kattwinkel, J., Wyckoff, M. H., Aziz, K., Guinsburg, R., Kim, H. -S., Liley, H. G., Mildenhall, L., Simon, W. M., Szyld, E., Tamura, M., Velaphi, S., Boyle, D. W., Byrne, S., Colby, C., Capetta, Davis, Ersdal, H. L., Escobedo, M. B., Feng, Q., de Almeida, M. F., Halamek, L. P., Isayama, T., Kapadia, V. S., Lee, H. C., Mcgowan, M., Mcmillan, D. D., Niermeyer, S., O'Donnell, C. P. F., Rabi, Y., Ringer, S. A., Singhal, N., Stenson, B. J., Strand, M. L., Sugiura, T., Trevisanuto, D., Udaeta, E., Weiner, G. M., and Yeo, C. L.

Subjects
Emergency Medical Services, medicine.medical_treatment, Diseases, Heart Massage, Incubators, Pregnancy, Neonatal Resuscitation Program, Respiratory function, Brain Damage, Airway Management, Chronic, Evidence-Based Medicine, Respiration, Delivery room, Survival Rate, Observational Studies as Topic, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Newborns, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Consensus, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Anesthesia, Artificial, Breathing, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Delivery, medicine.medical_specialty, Monitoring, Physiology (medical), medicine, Physiologic, Intensive care medicine, Premature, business.industry, Delivery Rooms, Brain Damage, Chronic, Delivery, Obstetric, Emergencies, Heart Arrest, Incubators, Infant, Infant Care, Infant, Premature, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Monitoring, Physiologic, Pregnancy Complications, Respiration, Artificial, Infant, Obstetric, Newborn, Pulmonary respiration, Blood pressure, Vascular resistance, business, Neonatal resuscitation
Abstract

Newborn Transition The transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life that occurs at the time of birth requires timely anatomic and physiologic adjustments to achieve the conversion from placental gas exchange to pulmonary respiration. This transition is brought about by initiation of air breathing and cessation of the placental circulation. Air breathing initiates marked relaxation of pulmonary vascular resistance, with considerable increase in pulmonary blood flow and increased return of now-well-oxygenated blood to the left atrium and left ventricle, as well as increased left ventricular output. Removal of the low-resistance placental circuit will increase systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure and reduce right-to-left shunting across the ductus arteriosus. The systemic organs must equally and quickly adjust to the dramatic increase in blood pressure and oxygen exposure. Similarly, intrauterine thermostability must be replaced by neonatal thermoregulation with its inherent increase in oxygen consumption. Approximately 85% of babies born at term will initiate spontaneous respirations within 10 to 30 seconds of birth, an additional 10% will respond during drying and stimulation, approximately 3% will initiate respirations after positive-pressure ventilation (PPV), 2% will be intubated to support respiratory function, and 0.1% will require chest compressions and/or epinephrine to achieve this transition.1–3 Although the vast majority of newborn infants do not require intervention to make these transitional changes, the large number of births worldwide means that many infants require some assistance to achieve cardiorespiratory stability each year. Newly born infants who are breathing or crying and have good tone immediately after birth must be dried and kept warm so as to avoid hypothermia. These actions can be provided with the baby lying on the mother’s chest and should not require separation of mother and baby. This does not preclude the need for clinical assessment of the baby. …

Published
2015
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26. Clinicians in 25 countries prefer to use lower levels of oxygen to resuscitate preterm infants at birth

Author

Oei, JL, Ghadge, A, Coates, E, Wright, IM, Saugstad, OD, Vento, M, Buonocore, G, Nagashima, T, Suzuki, K, Hosono, S, Davis, PG, Craven, P, Askie, L, Dawson, J, Garg, S, Keech, A, Rabi, Y, Smyth, J, Sinha, S, Stenson, B, Lui, K, Hunter, CL, Mordi, WT, Oei, JL, Ghadge, A, Coates, E, Wright, IM, Saugstad, OD, Vento, M, Buonocore, G, Nagashima, T, Suzuki, K, Hosono, S, Davis, PG, Craven, P, Askie, L, Dawson, J, Garg, S, Keech, A, Rabi, Y, Smyth, J, Sinha, S, Stenson, B, Lui, K, Hunter, CL, and Mordi, WT

Abstract

AIM: This study determined current international clinical practice and opinions regarding initial fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2 ) and pulse oximetry (SpO2 ) targets for delivery room resuscitation of preterm infants of less than 29 weeks of gestation. METHODS: An online survey was disseminated to neonatal clinicians via established professional clinical networks using a web-based survey programme between March 9 and June 30, 2015. RESULTS: Of the 630 responses from 25 countries, 60% were from neonatologists. The majority (77%) would target SpO2 between the 10th to 50th percentiles values for full-term infants. The median starting FiO2 was 0.3, with Japan using the highest (0.4) and the UK using the lowest (0.21). New Zealand targeted the highest SpO2 percentiles (median 50%). Most respondents agreed or did not disagree that a trial was required that compared the higher FiO2 of 0.6 (83%), targeting the 50th SpO2 percentile (60%), and the lower FiO2 of 0.21 (80%), targeting the 10th SpO2 percentile (78%). Most (65%) would join this trial. Many considered that evidence was lacking and further research was needed. CONCLUSION: Clinicians currently favour lower SpO2 targets for preterm resuscitation, despite acknowledging the lack of evidence for benefit or harm, and 65% would join a clinical trial.

Published
2016

33. Unconjugated p-cresol activates macrophage macropinocytosis leading to increased LDL uptake

Author

Lee D. Chaves, Sham Abyad, Amanda M. Honan, Mark A. Bryniarski, Daniel I. McSkimming, Corrine M. Stahura, Steven C. Wells, Donna M. Ruszaj, Marilyn E. Morris, Richard J. Quigg, and Rabi Yacoub

Subjects
Cardiology, Cell biology, Medicine
Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease suffer from increased cardiovascular events and cardiac mortality. Prior studies have demonstrated that a portion of this enhanced risk can be attributed to the accumulation of microbiota-derived toxic metabolites, with most studies focusing on the sulfonated form of p-cresol (PCS). However, unconjugated p-cresol (uPC) itself was never assessed due to rapid and extensive first-pass metabolism that results in negligible serum concentrations of uPC. These reports thus failed to consider the host exposure to uPC prior to hepatic metabolism. In the current study, not only did we measure the effect of altering the intestinal microbiota on lipid accumulation in coronary arteries, but we also examined macrophage lipid uptake and handling pathways in response to uPC. We found that atherosclerosis-prone mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited significantly higher coronary artery lipid deposits upon receiving fecal material from CKD mice. Furthermore, treatment with uPC increased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and hepatic and aortic fatty deposits in non-CKD mice. Studies employing an in vitro macrophage model demonstrated that uPC exposure increased apoptosis whereas PCS did not. Additionally, uPC exhibited higher potency than PCS to stimulate LDL uptake and only uPC induced endocytosis- and pinocytosis-related genes. Pharmacological inhibition of varying cholesterol influx and efflux systems indicated that uPC increased macrophage LDL uptake by activating macropinocytosis. Overall, these findings indicate that uPC itself had a distinct effect on macrophage biology that might have contributed to increased cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD.

Published
2021
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34. PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN MUATAN LOKAL PADA SMAN DI PULAU NASI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

Author

Adlim Adlim, Niswanto Niswanto, Rusman Rusman, and Rabi Yusnabita

Subjects
Science, Social Sciences
Abstract

Kajian terhadap materi muatan lokal yang berbasis life skill serta modulnya yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan sesuai dengan daerah kepulauan terutama untuk siswa SMAN 1 Pulo Aceh telah dilakukan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, angket, wawancara dan FGD untuk mengumpulkan segala informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk menyusun modul pembelajaran muatan lokal yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi daerah Pulo Aceh adalah pertanian dan perikanan sedangkan pekerjaan yang diminati oleh mayoritas siswa SMA adalah wirausaha. Muatan muatan lokal yang dipilih oleh mayoritas guru, siswa dan masyarakat adalah penyulingan minyak cengkeh, penyulingangn nilam, holtikultura dan pengasapan ikan. Modul yang dibuat sesuai dengan data penelitian ini ditanggapi dengan skor mayoritas baik dan sangat baik pada setiap indikator kualitas modul oleh pakar dari fakultas pertanian. Alat pengasapan ikan telah berhasil dibuat dan telah dibuktikan dapat digunakan dengan baik. Sebanyak 93% dari 14 orang guru sebagai responden terhadap modul pelajaran muatan lokal setuju bahwa modul mulok yang telah dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah menarik, dapat menjadi bagian dari pelajaran mulok, dapat menginspirasi berwirausaha dan hidup mandiri, dapat diterapkan baik di sekolah maupun di tengah masyarakat. Mayoritas (60- 100%) frekuensi respon dari siswa menilai bahwa modul pembelajaran mulok bermanfaat bagi mereka dan merekomendasi untuk diterapkan di sekolah.

Published
2021

38. Advanced glycation end products dietary restriction effects on bacterial gut microbiota in peritoneal dialysis patients; a randomized open label controlled trial.

Author

Rabi Yacoub, Melinda Nugent, Weijin Cai, Girish N Nadkarni, Lee D Chaves, Sham Abyad, Amanda M Honan, Shruthi A Thomas, Wei Zheng, Sujith A Valiyaparambil, Mark A Bryniarski, Yijun Sun, Michael Buck, Robert J Genco, Richard J Quigg, John C He, and Jaime Uribarri

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The modern Western diet is rich in advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We have previously shown an association between dietary AGEs and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in a population of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). In the current pilot study we explored the effects of dietary AGEs on the gut bacterial microbiota composition in similar patients. AGEs play an important role in the development and progression of cardiovascular (CVD) disease. Plasma concentrations of different bacterial products have been shown to predict the risk of incident major adverse CVD events independently of traditional CVD risk factors, and experimental animal models indicates a possible role AGEs might have on the gut microbiota population. In this pilot randomized open label controlled trial, twenty PD patients habitually consuming a high AGE diet were recruited and randomized into either continuing the same diet (HAGE, n = 10) or a one-month dietary AGE restriction (LAGE, n = 10). Blood and stool samples were collected at baseline and after intervention. Variable regions V3-V4 of 16s rDNA were sequenced and taxa was identified on the phyla, genus, and species levels. Dietary AGE restriction resulted in a significant decrease in serum Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) and methylglyoxal-derivatives (MG). At baseline, our total cohort exhibited a lower relative abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes genus and a higher abundance of Prevotella genus when compared to the published data of healthy population. Dietary AGE restriction altered the bacterial gut microbiota with a significant reduction in Prevotella copri and Bifidobacterium animalis relative abundance and increased Alistipes indistinctus, Clostridium citroniae, Clostridium hathewayi, and Ruminococcus gauvreauii relative abundance. We show in this pilot study significant microbiota differences in peritoneal dialysis patients' population, as well as the effects of dietary AGEs on gut microbiota, which might play a role in the increased cardiovascular events in this population and warrants further studies.

Published
2017
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39. Oestradiolinduced taste avoidance is the result of a conditioned palatability shift

Author

Ossenkopp, Klaus-Peter, Rabi, Y. Jack, and Eckel, Lisa A.

Abstract

TASTE avoidances were conditioned in male rats by pairing ingestion of a novel sucrose (0.3 M solution) taste with injections of 17β oestradiol (100 μg kg−1, s.c.). Following conditioning and prior to a two-bottle choice test (sucrose vswater), taste reactivity responses to three 30 s intraoral sucrose infusions were quantified. A robust conditioned shift in palatability, consisting of reduced ingestive and increased aversive taste reactivity responses, was obtained in the oestradiol group but not the vehicle control group. This conditioned palatability shift was also reflected in subsequent strong avoidance of the sucrose solution in the two-bottle choice test. The findings that oestradiol can condition taste aversions and shift food preferences support a role for oestrogens in the production of anorexia.

Published
1996

40. Urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in renal transplant recipients

Author

Rabi Yacoub and Nader Kassis Akl

Subjects
Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Graft survival, Renal transplantation, Screening, Urinary tract infection, Uropathogens, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Asymptomatic bacteriuria and urinary tract infection are common complications after kidney transplantation. In this population, if urinary tract infection occurred in the first six months post procedure, it carries a grave impact on both graft and patient survival. Renal transplant recipients with urinary tract infection are often clinically asymptomatic as a consequence of immunosuppression. Urinary tract infection, however, may progress to acute pyelonephritis, bacteremia and the full blown picture of urosepsis. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched. The purpose of this review is to discuss the screening and treatment of urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria in renal transplant recipients and to evaluate the guidelines on the basis of a review of published evidence.

Published
2011
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41. Hepatitis B vaccination status and needlestick injuries among healthcare workers in Syria

Author

Rabi Yacoub, Radwan Al Ali, Ghamez Moukeh, Ayham Lahdo, Yaser Mouhammad, and Mahmood Nasser

Subjects
Needlestick injuries, Hepatitis B infection, Healthcare workers, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background: Although a majority of countries in the Middle East show intermediate or high endemicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which clearly poses a serious public health problem in the region, the situation in the Republic of Syria remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the hepatitis B vaccination status, to assess the number of vaccinations administered, and to estimate the annual incidence of needlestick injuries (NSIs) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Aleppo University hospitals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design with a survey questionnaire was used for exploring details of NSIs during 2008, hepatitis B vaccination status, and HBV infection among a random stratified sample of HCWs in three tertiary hospitals in Aleppo (n= 321). Results: Two hundred and forty-six (76.6%) HCWs had sustained at least one NSI during 2008. Nine (2.8%) had HBV chronic infection and 75 HCWs (23.4%) were never vaccinated. Anesthesiology technicians had the greatest exposure risk when compared to office workers [OR=16,95% CI (2.55-100), P< 0.01], doctors [OR=10,95% CI (2.1 47.57), P < 0.01], and nurses [OR = 6.75,95% CI (1.56-29.03), P = 0.01]. HCWs under 25 and between the age of 25 and 35 years were at increased risk for NSI when compared to HCWs older than 45 years [OR = 3.12,95% CI (1.19-8.19), P = 0.02] and [OR = 3.05,95% CI (1.42-6.57), P < 0.01], respectively. Conclusion: HCWs at Aleppo University hospitals are frequently exposed to blood-borne infections. Precautions and protection from NSIs are important in preventing infection of HCWs. Education about the transmission of blood-borne infections, vaccination, and post-exposure prophylaxis must be implemented and strictly monitored.

Published
2010
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42. 2140

Author

Pinaki Sarder, Rabi Yacoub, and John E. Tomaszewski

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: (i) Digitally quantify pathologically relevant glomerular microcompartmental structures in murine renal tissue histopathology images. (ii) Digitally model disease trajectory in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We have developed a computational pipeline for glomerular structural compartmentalization based on Gabor filtering and multiresolution community detection (MCD). The MCD method employs improved, efficient optimization of a Potts model Hamiltonian, adopted from theoretical physics, modeling interacting electron spins. The method is parameter-free and capable of simultaneously selecting relevant structure at all biologically relevant scales. It can segment glomerular compartments from a large image containing hundreds of glomeruli in seconds for quantification—which is not possible manually. We will analyze the performance of our computational pipeline in healthy and streptozotocin induced DN mice using renal tissue images, and model the structural distributions of automatically quantified glomerular features as a function of DN progression. The performance of this structural-disease model will be compared with existing visual quantification methods used by pathologists in the clinic. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Computational modeling will reveal digital biomarkers for early proteinuria in DN, able to predict disease trajectory with greater precision and accuracy than manual inspection alone. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Automated detection of microscopic structural changes in renal tissue will eventually lead to objective, standardized diagnosis, reflecting cost savings for DN through discovery of digital biomarkers hidden within numerical structural distributions. This computational study will pave the path for the creation of new digital tools which provide clinicians invaluable quantitative information about expected patient disease trajectory, enabling earlier clinical predictions and development of early therapeutic interventions for kidney diseases.

Published
2017
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45. 2024 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Task Forces.

Author

Greif R, Bray JE, Djärv T, Drennan IR, Liley HG, Ng KC, Cheng A, Douma MJ, Scholefield BR, Smyth M, Weiner G, Abelairas-Gómez C, Acworth J, Anderson N, Atkins DL, Berry DC, Bhanji F, Böttiger BW, Bradley RN, Breckwoldt J, Carlson JN, Cassan P, Chang WT, Charlton NP, Phil Chung S, Considine J, Cortegiani A, Costa-Nobre DT, Couper K, Couto TB, Dainty KN, Dassanayake V, Davis PG, Dawson JA, de Caen AR, Deakin CD, Debaty G, Del Castillo J, Dewan M, Dicker B, Djakow J, Donoghue AJ, Eastwood K, El-Naggar W, Escalante-Kanashiro R, Fabres J, Farquharson B, Fawke J, de Almeida MF, Fernando SM, Finan E, Finn J, Flores GE, Foglia EE, Folke F, Goolsby CA, Granfeldt A, Guerguerian AM, Guinsburg R, Hansen CM, Hatanaka T, Hirsch KG, Holmberg MJ, Hooper S, Hoover AV, Hsieh MJ, Ikeyama T, Isayama T, Johnson NJ, Josephsen J, Katheria A, Kawakami MD, Kleinman M, Kloeck D, Ko YC, Kudenchuk P, Kule A, Kurosawa H, Laermans J, Lagina A, Lauridsen KG, Lavonas EJ, Lee HC, Han Lim S, Lin Y, Lockey AS, Lopez-Herce J, Lukas G, Macneil F, Maconochie IK, Madar J, Martinez-Mejas A, Masterson S, Matsuyama T, Mausling R, McKinlay CJD, Meyran D, Montgomery W, Morley PT, Morrison LJ, Moskowitz AL, Myburgh M, Nabecker S, Nadkarni V, Nakwa F, Nation KJ, Nehme Z, Nicholson T, Nikolaou N, Nishiyama C, Norii T, Nuthall G, Ohshimo S, Olasveengen T, Olaussen A, Ong G, Orkin A, Parr MJ, Perkins GD, Pocock H, Rabi Y, Raffay V, Raitt J, Raymond T, Ristagno G, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Rossano J, Rüdiger M, Sandroni C, Sawyer TL, Schexnayder SM, Schmölzer G, Schnaubelt S, Seidler AL, Semeraro F, Singletary EM, Skrifvars MB, Smith CM, Soar J, Solevåg AL, Soll R, Stassen W, Sugiura T, Thilakasiri K, Tijssen J, Tiwari LK, Topjian A, Trevisanuto D, Vaillancourt C, Welsford M, Wyckoff MH, Yang CW, Yeung J, Zelop CM, Zideman DA, Nolan JP, and Berg KM

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Newborn, Advisory Committees standards, First Aid standards, First Aid methods, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation standards, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation methods, Consensus, Emergency Medical Services standards
Abstract

This is the eighth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations; a more comprehensive review was done in 2020. This latest summary addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force science experts. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces list priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2024
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46. Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity changes in neonatal blood transfusions: RBC selection insights.

Author

Yazdanbakhsh M, Eid H, Acker JP, Bar Am N, Cheung PY, Dotchin SA, and Rabi Y

Abstract

Background: Despite preterm newborns often requiring blood transfusions, we have an incomplete understanding of the impact of adult packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions on fetal red blood cell (RBC) oxygen affinity. We investigated the influence of adult pRBC on oxygen binding in fetal RBCs obtained from the umbilical cord of preterm newborns. This included exploring the influence of the biological age of adult pRBCs on the oxygen affinity of fetal blood., Methods: Cord blood samples from preterm infants were titrated with young (Y-RBC) and old (O-RBC) adult pRBCs using an in vitro transfusion model. Parameters, including oxygen affinity (p50), hemoglobin variants, and red blood cell indices, were measured., Results: The titration of cord blood with adult pRBCs (n = 19) resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in p50, indicating an increased oxygen affinity. Hemoglobin variant analysis revealed a shift in composition, with a decrease in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and an increase in adult hemoglobin (HbA) following titration., Conclusion: The impact of biological age was evident, as O-RBCs had a more pronounced effect on p50 values compared to Y-RBCs. Understanding the physiologic implications of transfusing preterm infants with adult pRBCs is important for optimizing transfusion practices in newborns., Impact: In an in vitro model, titrating adult pRBC into fetal blood significantly affects oxygen binding Oxygen affinity of fetal blood is significantly increased after titration of adult pRBC. Compared to older RBC subpopulations of adult pRBC, oxygen-binding properties of younger RBC subpopulations of adult pRBC more closely approximate the oxygen affinity of fetal blood. This work highlights the importance of investigating the influence of adult pRBC transfusion on fetal RBC oxygen binding. This may have implications for morbidities in the newborn period related to oxygen physiology., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors disclose no competing interests. Informed consent: This study was conducted with the approval of the research ethics boards of the University of Calgary, the University of Alberta, and Canadian Blood Services. Signed informed consent was obtained from the parent(s) of all participants., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.)

Published
2024
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48. Corrigendum to "2023 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid Task Forces" [Resuscitation 195 (2024) 109992].

Author

Berg KM, Bray JE, Ng KC, Liley HG, Greif R, Carlson JN, Morley PT, Drennan IR, Smyth M, Scholefield BR, Weiner GM, Cheng A, Djärv T, Abelairas-Gómez C, Acworth J, Andersen LW, Atkins DL, Berry DC, Bhanji F, Bierens J, Bittencourt Couto T, Borra V, Böttiger BW, Bradley RN, Breckwoldt J, Cassan P, Chang WT, Charlton NP, Phil Chung S, Considine J, Costa-Nobre DT, Couper K, Dainty KN, Dassanayake V, Davis PG, Dawson JA, Fernanda de Almeida M, De Caen AR, Deakin CD, Dicker B, Douma MJ, Eastwood K, El-Naggar W, Fabres JG, Fawke J, Fijacko N, Finn JC, Flores GE, Foglia EE, Folke F, Gilfoyle E, Goolsby CA, Granfeldt A, Guerguerian AM, Guinsburg R, Hatanaka T, Hirsch KG, Holmberg MJ, Hosono S, Hsieh MJ, Hsu CH, Ikeyama T, Isayama T, Johnson NJ, Kapadia VS, Daripa Kawakami M, Kim HS, Kleinman ME, Kloeck DA, Ko YC, Kudenchuk P, Kule A, Kurosawa H, Lagina AT, Lauridsen KG, Lavonas EJ, Lee HC, Lin Y, Lockey AS, Macneil F, Maconochie IK, John Madar R, Malta Hansen C, Masterson S, Matsuyama T, McKinlay CJD, Meyran D, Monnelly V, Morrison LJ, Nadkarni V, Nakwa FL, Nation KJ, Nehme Z, Nemeth M, Neumar RW, Nicholson T, Nikolaou N, Nishiyama C, Norii T, Nuthall GA, Ohshimo S, Olasveengen TM, Gene Ong YK, Orkin AM, Parr MJ, Patocka C, Perkins GD, Perlman JM, Rabi Y, Raitt J, Ramachandran S, Ramaswamy VV, Raymond TT, Reis AG, Reynolds JC, Ristagno G, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Roehr CC, Rüdiger M, Sakamoto T, Sandroni C, Sawyer TL, Schexnayder SM, Schmölzer GM, Schnaubelt S, Semeraro F, Singletary EM, Skrifvars MB, Smith CM, Soar J, Stassen W, Sugiura T, Tijssen JA, Topjian AA, Trevisanuto D, Vaillancourt C, Wyckoff MH, Wyllie JP, Yang CW, Yeung J, Zelop CM, Zideman DA, and Nolan JP

Published
2024
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49. Initial Oxygen Concentration for the Resuscitation of Infants Born at Less Than 32 Weeks' Gestation: A Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Network Meta-Analysis.

Author

Sotiropoulos JX, Oei JL, Schmölzer GM, Libesman S, Hunter KE, Williams JG, Webster AC, Vento M, Kapadia V, Rabi Y, Dekker J, Vermeulen MJ, Sundaram V, Kumar P, Kaban RK, Rohsiswatmo R, Saugstad OD, and Seidler AL

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Gestational Age, Oxygen Saturation, Resuscitation methods, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods, Network Meta-Analysis, Oxygen administration & dosage
Abstract

Importance: Resuscitation with lower fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) reduces mortality in term and near-term infants but the impact of this practice on very preterm infants is unclear., Objective: To evaluate the relative effectiveness of initial FiO2 on reducing mortality, severe morbidities, and oxygen saturations (SpO2) in preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks' gestation using network meta-analysis (NMA) of individual participant data (IPD)., Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP from 1980 to October 10, 2023., Study Selection: Eligible studies were randomized clinical trials enrolling infants born at less than 32 weeks' gestation comparing at least 2 initial oxygen concentrations for delivery room resuscitation, defined as either low (≤0.3), intermediate (0.5-0.65), or high (≥0.90) FiO2., Data Extraction and Synthesis: Investigators from eligible studies were invited to provide IPD. Data were processed and checked for quality and integrity. One-stage contrast-based bayesian IPD-NMA was performed with noninformative priors and random effects and adjusted for key covariates., Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes were morbidities of prematurity and SpO2 at 5 minutes., Results: IPD were provided for 1055 infants from 12 of the 13 eligible studies (2005-2019). Resuscitation with high (≥0.90) initial FiO2 was associated with significantly reduced mortality compared to low (≤0.3) (odds ratio [OR], 0.45; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.23-0.86; low certainty) and intermediate (0.5-0.65) FiO2 (OR, 0.34; 95% CrI, 0.11-0.99; very low certainty). High initial FiO2 had a 97% probability of ranking first to reduce mortality. The effects on other morbidities were inconclusive., Conclusions and Relevance: High initial FiO2 (≥0.90) may be associated with reduced mortality in preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks' gestation compared to low initial FiO2 (low certainty). High initial FiO2 is possibly associated with reduced mortality compared to intermediate initial FiO2 (very low certainty) but more evidence is required.

Published
2024
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50. A recommendation for the use of electrical biosensing technology in neonatology.

Author

van Wyk L, Austin T, Barzilay B, Bravo MC, Breindahl M, Czernik C, Dempsey E, de Boode WP, de Vries W, Eriksen BH, Fauchére JC, Kooi EMW, Levy PT, McNamara PJ, Mitra S, Nestaas E, Rabe H, Rabi Y, Rogerson SR, Savoia M, Schena F, Sehgal A, Schwarz CE, Thome U, van Laere D, Zaharie GC, and Gupta S

Abstract

Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring, via electrical biosensing technology (EBT), provides continuous, multi-parameter hemodynamic variable monitoring which may allow for timely identification of hemodynamic instability in some neonates, providing an opportunity for early intervention that may improve neonatal outcomes. EBT encompasses thoracic (TEBT) and whole body (WBEBT) methods. Despite the lack of relative accuracy of these technologies, as compared to transthoracic echocardiography, the use of these technologies in neonatology, both in the research and clinical arena, have increased dramatically over the last 30 years. The European Society of Pediatric Research Special Interest Group in Non-Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring, a group of experienced neonatologists in the field of EBT, deemed it appropriate to provide recommendations for the use of TEBT and WBEBT in the field of neonatology. Although TEBT is not an accurate determinant of cardiac output or stroke volume, it may be useful for monitoring longitudinal changes of hemodynamic parameters. Few recommendations can be made for the use of TEBT in common neonatal clinical conditions. It is recommended not to use WBEBT to monitor cardiac output. The differences in technologies, study methodologies and data reporting should be addressed in ongoing research prior to introducing EBT into routine practice. IMPACT STATEMENT: TEBT is not recommended as an accurate determinant of cardiac output (CO) (or stroke volume (SV)). TEBT may be useful for monitoring longitudinal changes from baseline of hemodynamic parameters on an individual patient basis. TEBT-derived thoracic fluid content (TFC) longitudinal changes from baseline may be useful in monitoring progress in respiratory disorders and circulatory conditions affecting intrathoracic fluid volume. Currently there is insufficient evidence to make any recommendations regarding the use of WBEBT for CO monitoring in neonates. Further research is required in all areas prior to the implementation of these monitors into routine clinical practice., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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