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1. A giant exoplanet orbiting a very low-mass star challenges planet formation models

Author

Morales, J. C., Mustill, A. J., Ribas, I., Davies, M. B., Reiners, A., Bauer, F. F., Kossakowski, D., Herrero, E., Rodríguez, E., López-González, M. J., Rodríguez-López, C., Béjar, V. J. S., González-Cuesta, L., Luque, R., Pallé, E., Perger, M., Baroch, D., Johansen, A., Klahr, H., Mordasini, C., Anglada-Escudé, G., Caballero, J. A., Cortés-Contreras, M., Dreizler, S., Lafarga, M., Nagel, E., Passegger, V. M., Reffert, S., Rosich, A., Schweitzer, A., Tal-Or, L., Trifonov, T., Zechmeister, M., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Guenther, E. W., Hagen, H. -J., Henning, T., Jeffers, S. V., Kaminski, A., Kürster, M., Montes, D., Seifert, W., Abellán, F. J., Abril, M., Aceituno, J., Aceituno, F. J., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Eiff, M. Ammler-von, Antona, R., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Barrado, D., Becerril-Jarque, S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Brinkmöller, M., del Burgo, C., Burn, R., Calvo-Ortega, R., Cano, J., Cárdenas, M. C., Guillén, C. Cardona, Carro, J., Casal, E., Casanova, V., Casasayas-Barris, N., Chaturvedi, P., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Emsenhuber, A., Fernández, M., Fernández-Martín, A., Ferro, I. M., Fuhrmeister, B., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Cava, I. Gallardo, Vargas, M. L. García, Garcia-Piquer, A., Gesa, L., González-Álvarez, E., Hernández, J. I. González, González-Peinado, R., Guàrdia, J., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Hatzes, A. P., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Hermelo, I., Arabi, R. Hernández, Otero, F. Hernández, Hintz, D., Holgado, G., Huber, A., Huke, P., Johnson, E. N., de Juan, E., Kehr, M., Kemmer, J., Kim, M., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Labarga, F., Labiche, N., Lalitha, S., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Launhardt, R., Lázaro, F. J., Lizon, J. -L., Llamas, M., Lodieu, N., del Fresno, M. López, Salas, J. F. López, López-Santiago, J., Madinabeitia, H. Magán, Mall, U., Mancini, L., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Molina, J. A. Marín, Martín, E. L., Martín-Fernández, P., Martín-Ruiz, S., Martínez-Rodríguez, H., Marvin, C. J., Mirabet, E., Moya, A., Naranjo, V., Nelson, R. P., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Pascual, J., Pavlov, A., Pedraz, S., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Pérez-Calpena, A., Perryman, M. A. C., Rabaza, O., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Rix, H. -W., Rodler, F., Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, Sabotta, S., Sadegi, S., Salz, M., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schlecker, M., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Schöfer, P., Solano, E., Sota, A., Stahl, O., Stock, S., Stuber, T., Stürmer, J., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Tulloch, S. M., Veredas, G., Vico-Linares, J. I., Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Winkler, J., Wolthoff, V., Yan, F., and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Statistical analyses from exoplanet surveys around low-mass stars indicate that super-Earth and Neptune-mass planets are more frequent than gas giants around such stars, in agreement with core accretion theory of planet formation. Using precise radial velocities derived from visual and near-infrared spectra, we report the discovery of a giant planet with a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses in an eccentric 204-day orbit around the very low-mass star GJ 3512. Dynamical models show that the high eccentricity of the orbit is most likely explained from planet-planet interactions. The reported planetary system challenges current formation theories and puts stringent constraints on the accretion and migration rates of planet formation and evolution models, indicating that disc instability may be more efficient in forming planets than previously thought., Comment: Manuscript author version. 41 pages, 11 figures

Published
2019
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2. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star

Author

Zechmeister, M., Dreizler, S., Ribas, I., Reiners, A., Caballero, J. A., Bauer, F. F., Béjar, V. J. S., González-Cuesta, L., Herrero, E., Lalitha, S., López-González, M. J., Luque, R., Morales, J. C., Pallé, E., Rodríguez, E., López, C. Rodríguez, Tal-Or, L., Anglada-Escudé, G., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Abril, M., Aceituno, F. J., Aceituno, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Eiff, M. Ammler-von, Jiménez, R. Antona, Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Baroch, D., Barrado, D., Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Bluhm, P., Brinkmöller, M., del Burgo, C., Ortega, R. Calvo, Cano, J., Guillén, C. Cardona, Carro, J., Vázquez, M. C. Cárdenas, Casal, E., Casasayas-Barris, N., Casanova, V., Chaturvedi, P., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Fernández, M., Fernández-Martín, A., Ferro, I. M., Fuhrmeister, B., Fukui, A., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Cava, I. Gallardo, de la Fuente, J. Garcia, Garcia-Piquer, A., Vargas, M. L. García, Gesa, L., Rueda, J. Góngora, González-Álvarez, E., Hernández, J. I. González, González-Peinado, R., Grözinger, U., Guàrdia, J., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Hatzes, A. P., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Helmling, J., Henning, T., Hermelo, I., Arabi, R. Hernández, Castaño, L. Hernández, Otero, F. Hernández, Hintz, D., Huke, P., Huber, A., Jeffers, S. V., Johnson, E. N., de Juan, E., Kaminski, A., Kemmer, J., Kim, M., Klahr, H., Klein, R., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Kossakowski, D., Kürster, M., Labarga, F., Lafarga, M., Llamas, M., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Launhardt, R., Lázaro, F. J., Lodieu, N., del Fresno, M. López, López-Comazzi, A., López-Puertas, M., Salas, J. F. López, López-Santiago, J., Madinabeitia, H. Magán, Mall, U., Mancini, L., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Molina, J. A. Marín, Fernández, D. Maroto, Martín, E. L., Martín-Fernández, P., Martín-Ruiz, S., Marvin, C. J., Mirabet, E., Montañés-Rodríguez, P., Montes, D., Moreno-Raya, M. E., Nagel, E., Naranjo, V., Narita, N., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oshagh, M., Panduro, J., Parviainen, H., Pascual, J., Passegger, V. M., Pavlov, A., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Perger, M., Perryman, M. A. C., Rabaza, O., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Reffert, S., Reinhardt, S., Rhode, P., Rix, H. -W., Rodler, F., Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, Rosich, A., Sadegi, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Schöfer, P., Schweitzer, A., Seifert, W., Shulyak, D., Solano, E., Sota, A., Stahl, O., Stock, S., Strachan, J. B. P., Stuber, T., Stürmer, J., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Pinto, M. Tala, Trifonov, T., Veredas, G., Linares, J. I. Vico, Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Wolthoff, V., Xu, W., Yan, F., and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. Teegarden's Star is the brightest and one of the nearest ultra-cool dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. For its late spectral type (M7.0V), the star shows relatively little activity and is a prime target for near-infrared radial velocity surveys such as CARMENES. Aims. As part of the CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, we obtained more than 200 radial-velocity measurements of Teegarden's Star and analysed them for planetary signals. Methods. We find periodic variability in the radial velocities of Teegarden's Star. We also studied photometric measurements to rule out stellar brightness variations mimicking planetary signals. Results. We find evidence for two planet candidates, each with $1.1M_\oplus$ minimum mass, orbiting at periods of 4.91 and 11.4 d, respectively. No evidence for planetary transits could be found in archival and follow-up photometry. Small photometric variability is suggestive of slow rotation and old age. Conclusions. The two planets are among the lowest-mass planets discovered so far, and they are the first Earth-mass planets around an ultra-cool dwarf for which the masses have been determined using radial velocities., Comment: A&A 627, A49. 26 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables. Press release available at http://www.astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de/~zechmeister/teegarden/teegarden.html. v2: two authors and one reference added

Published
2019
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3. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs - HD 147379b: A nearby Neptune in the temperate zone of an early-M dwarf

Author

Reiners, A., Ribas, I., Zechmeister, M., Caballero, J. A., Trifonov, T., Dreizler, S., Morales, J. C., Tal-Or, L., Lafarga, M., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Kaminski, A., Jeffers, S. V., Aceituno, J., Béjar, V. J. S., Guàrdia, J., Guenther, E. W., Hagen, H. -J., Montes, D., Passegger, V. M., Seifert, W., Schweitzer, A., Cortés-Contreras, M., Abril, M., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Eiff, M. Ammler-von, Antona, R., Anglada-Escudé, G., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Baroch, D., Barrado, D., Bauer, F. F., Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Blümcke, M., Brinkmöller, M., del Burgo, C., Cano, J., Vázquez, M. C. Cárdenas, Casal, E., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Feiz, C., Fernández, M., Ferro, I. M., Fuhrmeister, B., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Garcia-Piquer, A., Vargas, M. L. García, Gesa, L., Galera, V. Gómez, Hernández, J. I. González, González-Peinado, R., Grözinger, U., Grohnert, S., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Hatzes, A. P., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Helmling, J., Henning, Th., Hermelo, I., Arabí, R. Hernández, Castaño, L. Hernández, Hernando, F. Hernández, Herrero, E., Huber, A., Huke, P., Johnson, E. N., de Juan, E., Kim, M., Klein, R., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Kürster, M., Labarga, F., Lamert, A., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Laun, W., Lemke, U., Lenzen, R., Launhardt, R., del Fresno, M. López, López-González, M. J., López-Puertas, M., Salas, J. F. López, López-Santiago, J., Luque, R., Madinabeitia, H. Magán, Mall, U., Mancini, L., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Molina, J. A. Marín, Fernández, D. Maroto, Martín, E. L., Martín-Ruiz, S., Marvin, C. J., Mathar, R. J., Mirabet, E., Moreno-Raya, M. E., Moya, A., Mundt, R., Nagel, E., Naranjo, V., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oreiro, R., Pallé, E., Panduro, J., Pascual, J., Pavlov, A., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Perger, M., Perryman, M. A. C., Pluto, M., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Reffert, S., Reinhart, S., Rhode, P., Rix, H. -W., Rodler, F., Rodríguez, E., Rodríguez-López, C., Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, Rohloff, R. -R., Rosich, A., Sadegi, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Schiller, J., Schöfer, P., Solano, E., Stahl, O., Strachan, J. B. P., Stürmer, J., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Tala, M., Tulloch, S. M., Ulbrich, R. -G., Veredas, G., Linares, J. I. Vico, Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Winkler, J., Wolthoff, V., Xu, W., Yan, F., and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on the first star discovered to host a planet detected by radial velocity (RV) observations obtained within the CARMENES survey for exoplanets around M dwarfs. HD 147379 ($V = 8.9$ mag, $M = 0.58 \pm 0.08$ M$_{\odot}$), a bright M0.0V star at a distance of 10.7 pc, is found to undergo periodic RV variations with a semi-amplitude of $K = 5.1\pm0.4$ m s$^{-1}$ and a period of $P = 86.54\pm0.06$ d. The RV signal is found in our CARMENES data, which were taken between 2016 and 2017, and is supported by HIRES/Keck observations that were obtained since 2000. The RV variations are interpreted as resulting from a planet of minimum mass $m_{\rm p}\sin{i} = 25 \pm 2$ M$_{\oplus}$, 1.5 times the mass of Neptune, with an orbital semi-major axis $a = 0.32$ au and low eccentricity ($e < 0.13$). HD 147379b is orbiting inside the temperate zone around the star, where water could exist in liquid form. The RV time-series and various spectroscopic indicators show additional hints of variations at an approximate period of 21.1d (and its first harmonic), which we attribute to the rotation period of the star., Comment: accepted for publication as A&A Letter

Published
2017
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4. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: High-resolution optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of 324 survey stars

Author

Reiners, A., Zechmeister, M., Caballero, J. A., Ribas, I., Morales, J. C., Jeffers, S. V., Schöfer, P., Tal-Or, L., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Kaminski, A., Seifert, W., Abril, M., Aceituno, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Eiff, M. Ammler-von, Antona, R., Anglada-Escudé, G., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Baroch, D., Barrado, D., Bauer, F. F., Becerril, S., Béjar, V. J. S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Blümcke, M., Brinkmöller, M., del Burgo, C., Cano, J., Vázquez, M. C. Cárdenas, Casal, E., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Dreizler, S., Feiz, C., Fernández, M., Ferro, I. M., Fuhrmeister, B., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Garcia-Piquer, A., Vargas, M. L. García, Gesa, L., Gómez, V., Galera, Hernández, J. I. González, González-Peinado, R., Grözinger, U., Grohnert, S., Guàrdia, J., Guenther, E. W., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Hagen, H. -J., Hatzes, A. P., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Helmling, J., Henning, Th., Hermelo, I., Arabí, R. Hernández, Castaño, L. Hernández, Hernando, F. Hernández, Herrero, E., Huber, A., Huke, P., Johnson, E., de Juan, E., Kim, M., Klein, R., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Kürster, M., Lafarga, M., Lamert, A., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Laun, W., Lemke, U., Lenzen, R., Launhardt, R., del Fresno, M. López, López-González, J., López-Puertas, M., Salas, J. F. López, López-Santiago, J., Luque, R., Madinabeitia, H. Magán, Mall, U., Mancini, L., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Molina, J. A. Marín, Maroto, D., Fernández, Martín, E. L., Martín-Ruiz, S., Marvin, C. J., Mathar, R. J., Mirabet, E., Montes, D., Moreno-Raya, M. E., Moya, A., Mundt, R., Nagel, E., Naranjo, V., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oreiro, R., Pallé, E., Panduro, J., Pascual, J., Passegger, V. M., Pavlov, A., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Perger, M., Perryman, M. A. C., Pluto, M., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Reffert, S., Reinhart, S., Rhode, P., Rix, H. -W., Rodler, F., Rodríguez, E., Rodríguez-López, C., Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, Rohloff, R. -R., Rosich, A., Sadegi, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Schiller, J., Schweitzer, A., Solano, E., Stahl, O., Strachan, J. B. P., Stürmer, J., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Tala, M., Trifonov, T., Tulloch, S. M., Ulbrich, R. G., Veredas, G., Linares, J. I. Vico, Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Winkler, J., Wolthoff, V., Xu, W., Yan, F., and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The CARMENES radial velocity (RV) survey is observing 324 M dwarfs to search for any orbiting planets. In this paper, we present the survey sample by publishing one CARMENES spectrum for each M dwarf. These spectra cover the wavelength range 520--1710nm at a resolution of at least $R > 80,000$, and we measure its RV, H$\alpha$ emission, and projected rotation velocity. We present an atlas of high-resolution M-dwarf spectra and compare the spectra to atmospheric models. To quantify the RV precision that can be achieved in low-mass stars over the CARMENES wavelength range, we analyze our empirical information on the RV precision from more than 6500 observations. We compare our high-resolution M-dwarf spectra to atmospheric models where we determine the spectroscopic RV information content, $Q$, and signal-to-noise ratio. We find that for all M-type dwarfs, the highest RV precision can be reached in the wavelength range 700--900nm. Observations at longer wavelengths are equally precise only at the very latest spectral types (M8 and M9). We demonstrate that in this spectroscopic range, the large amount of absorption features compensates for the intrinsic faintness of an M7 star. To reach an RV precision of 1ms$^{-1}$ in very low mass M dwarfs at longer wavelengths likely requires the use of a 10m class telescope. For spectral types M6 and earlier, the combination of a red visual and a near-infrared spectrograph is ideal to search for low-mass planets and to distinguish between planets and stellar variability. At a 4m class telescope, an instrument like CARMENES has the potential to push the RV precision well below the typical jitter level of 3-4ms$^{-1}$., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages plus 40 pages spectral atlas, first 10 atlas pages are reduced in quality to fit arXiv size limit; one CARMENES spectrum for each of the 324 stars is published in electronic format at http://carmenes.cab.inta-csic.es/

Published
2017
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5. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. First visual-channel radial-velocity measurements and orbital parameter updates of seven M-dwarf planetary systems

Author

Trifonov, T., Kürster, M., Zechmeister, M., Tal-Or, L., Caballero, J. A., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Ribas, I., Reiners, A., Reffert, S., Dreizler, S., Hatzes, A. P., Kaminski, A., Launhardt, R., Henning, Th., Montes, D., Béjar, V. J. S., Mundt, R., Pavlov, A., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Seifert, W., Morales, J. C., Nowak, G., Jeffers, S. V., Rodríguez-López, C., del Burgo, C., Anglada-Escudé, G., López-Santiago, J., Mathar, R. J., Eiff, M. Ammler-von, Guenther, E. W., Barrado, D., Hernández, J. I. González, Mancini, L., Stürmer, J., Abril, M., Aceituno, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Antona, R., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Baroch, D., Bauer, F. F., Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Blümcke, M., Brinkmöller, M., Cano, J., Vázquez, M. C. Cárdenas, Casal, E., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Feiz, C., Fernández, M., Ferro, I. M., Fuhrmeister, B., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Garcia-Piquer, A., Vargas, M. L. García, Gesa, L., Galera, V. Gómez, González-Peinado, R., Grözinger, U., Grohnert, S., Guàrdia, J., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Hagen, H. -J., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Helmling, J., Hermelo, I., Arabí, R. Hernández, Castaño, L. Hernández, Hernando, F. Hernández, Herrero, E., Huber, A., Huke, P., Johnson, E., de Juan, E., Kim, M., Klein, R., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Lafarga, M., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Laun, W., Lemke, U., Lenzen, R., del Fresno, M. López, López-González, J., López-Puertas, M., Salas, J. F. López, Luque, R., Madinabeitia, H. Magán, Mall, U., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Molina, J. A. Marín, Fernández, D. Maroto, Martín, E. L., Martín-Ruiz, S., Marvin, C. J., Mirabet, E., Moya, A., Moreno-Raya, M. E., Nagel, E., Naranjo, V., Nortmann, L., Ofir, A., Oreiro, R., Pallé, E., Panduro, J., Pascual, J., Passegger, V. M., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Perger, M., Perryman, M. A. C., Pluto, M., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Reinhardt, S., Rhode, P., Rix, H. -W., Rodler, F., Rodríguez, E., Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, Rohloff, R. -R., Rosich, A., Sadegi, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schiller, J., Schöfer, P., Schweitzer, A., Solano, E., Stahl, O., Strachan, J. B. P., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Tala, M., Tulloch, S. M., Veredas, G., Linares, J. I. Vico, Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Winkler, J., Wolthoff, V., Xu, W., Yan, F., and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context: The main goal of the CARMENES survey is to find Earth-mass planets around nearby M-dwarf stars. Seven M-dwarfs included in the CARMENES sample had been observed before with HIRES and HARPS and either were reported to have one short period planetary companion (GJ15A, GJ176, GJ436, GJ536 and GJ1148) or are multiple planetary systems (GJ581 and GJ876). Aims: We aim to report new precise optical radial velocity measurements for these planet hosts and test the overall capabilities of CARMENES. Methods: We combined our CARMENES precise Doppler measurements with those available from HIRES and HARPS and derived new orbital parameters for the systems. Bona-fide single planet systems are fitted with a Keplerian model. The multiple planet systems were analyzed using a self-consistent dynamical model and their best fit orbits were tested for long-term stability. Results: We confirm or provide supportive arguments for planets around all the investigated stars except for GJ15A, for which we find that the post-discovery HIRES data and our CARMENES data do not show a signal at 11.4 days. Although we cannot confirm the super-Earth planet GJ15Ab, we show evidence for a possible long-period ($P_{\rm c}$ = 7025$_{-629}^{+972}$ d) Saturn-mass ($m_{\rm c} \sin i$ = 51.8$_{-5.8}^{+5.5}M_\oplus$) planet around GJ15A. In addition, based on our CARMENES and HIRES data we discover a second planet around GJ1148, for which we estimate a period $P_{\rm c}$ = 532.6$_{-2.5}^{+4.1}$ d, eccentricity $e_{\rm c}$ = 0.34$_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$ and minimum mass $m_{\rm c} \sin i$ = 68.1$_{-2.2}^{+4.9}M_\oplus$. Conclusions: The CARMENES optical radial velocities have similar precision and overall scatter when compared to the Doppler measurements conducted with HARPS and HIRES. We conclude that CARMENES is an instrument that is up to the challenge of discovering rocky planets around low-mass stars., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 24 pages, 16 figures, 14 tables

Published
2017
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6. Follow-up of X-ray transients detected by SWIFT with COLORES using the BOOTES network

Author

Caballero-Garcia, M. D., Jelinek, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Hudec, R., Cunniffe, R., Rabaza, O., and Sabau-Graziati, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a network of telescopes that allows the continuous monitoring of transient astrophysical sources. It was originally devoted to the study of the optical emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that occur in the Universe. In this paper we show the initial results obtained using the spectrograph COLORES (mounted on BOOTES-2), when observing compact objects of diverse nature., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figues, to appear in "Swift: 10 years of discovery", Proceedings of Science

Published
2015

7. Initial follow-up of optical transients with COLORES using the BOOTES network

Author

Caballero-Garcia, M. D., Jelinek, M., Castro-Tirado, A., Hudec, R., Cunniffe, R., Rabaza, O., and Sabau-Graziati, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a network of telescopes that allows the continuous monitoring of transient astrophysical sources. It was originally devoted to the study of the optical emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that occur in the Universe. In this paper we show the initial results obtained using the spectrograph COLORES (mounted on BOOTES-2), when observing optical transients (OTs) of diverse nature., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Acta Polytechnica (IBWS 2014 proceedings)

Published
2014

8. Comprehensive transient-state study for CARMENES-NIR high thermal stability

Author

Becerril, S., Sánchez, M. A., Cárdenas, M. C., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Abril, M., Costillo, L. P., Morales, R., Rodríguez, A., Amado, P. J., and team, the international CARMENES

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

CARMENES has been proposed as a next-generation instrument for the 3.5m Calar Alto Telescope. Its objective is finding habitable exoplanets around M dwarfs through radial velocity measurements (m/s level) in the near-infrared. Consequently, the NIR spectrograph is highly constraint regarding thermal/mechanical requirements. As a first approach, the thermal stability has been limited to \pm 0.01K (within year period) over a working temperature of 243K. This can be achieved by means of several temperature-controlled rooms. The options considered to minimise the complexity of the thermal design are here presented, as well as the transient-state thermal analyses realised to make the best choice.

Published
2010
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9. CARMENES: Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exo-earths with a Near-infrared Echelle Spectrograph

Author

Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Mandel, H., Caballero, J. A., Ribas, I., Reiners, A., Mundt, R., Abril, M., Afonso, C., Bean, J. L., Bejar, V. J. S., Becerril, S., Boehm, A., Cardenas, C., Claret, A., Colome, J., Costillo, L. P., Dreizler, S., Fernandez, M., Francisco, X., Garrido, R., Hernandez, J. I. Gonzalez, Guenther, E. W., Gutierrez-Soto, J., Joergens, V., Hatzes, A. P., Henning, T., Herrero, E., Kurster, M., Laun, W., Lenzen, R., Mall, U., Martin, E. L., Martin-Ruiz, S., Montes, D., Morales, J. C., Munoz, R. Morales, Moya, A., Naranjo, V., Rabaza, O., Ramon, A., Rebolo, R., Reffert, S., Rodler, F., Rodriguez, E., Trinidad, A. Rodriguez, Rohloff, R. -R., Carrasco, M. A. Sanchez, Schmidt, C., Seifert, W., Setiawan, J., Stahl, O., Suarez, J. C., Wiedemann, G., del Burgo, C., Galadi, D., Sanchez-Blanco, E., and Xu, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

CARMENES, Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exo-earths with a Near-infrared Echelle Spectrograph, is a study for a next-generation instrument for the 3.5m Calar Alto Telescope to be designed, built, integrated, and operated by a consortium of nine German and Spanish institutions. Our main objective is finding habitable exoplanets around M dwarfs, which will be achieved by radial velocity measurements on the m/s level in the near-infrared, where low-mass stars emit the bulk of their radiation., Comment: Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, "Pathways towards habitable planets", eds. V. Coude du Foresto, D. M. Gelino & I. Ribas, 14-18 Sep 2009, Barcelona, Spain (in press) Note: Because of space restriction, the printed conference paper will appear with only an abbreviated author list

Published
2009

10. The SIDE dual VIS-NIR fiber fed spectrograph for the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias

Author

Rabaza, O., Epps, H. W., Ubierna, M., Sanchez, J., Azzaro, M., and Prada, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Optics
Abstract

SIDE (Super Ifu Deployable Experiment) is proposed as second-generation, common-user instrument for the GTC. It will be a low and intermediate resolution fiber fed spectrograph, highly efficient in multi-object and 3D spectroscopy. The low resolution part (R = 1500, 4000) is called Dual VIS-NIR because it will observe in the VIS and NIR bands (0.4 ~V 1.7 microns) simultaneously. Because of the large number of fibers, a set of ~10 identical spectrographs is needed, each with a mirror collimator, a dichroic and two refractive cameras. The cameras are optimized for 0.4 - 0.95 microns (VIS) and 0.95 - 1.7 microns (NIR) respectively., Comment: To appear in "Advanced Optical and Mechanical Technologies in Telescopes and Instrumentation" SPIE conference Proc. 7018, Marseille, 23-28 June 2008

Published
2008
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11. SIDE, a fiber fed spectrograph for the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC)

Author

Prada, F., Azzaro, M., Rabaza, O., Sanchez, J., and Ubierna, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

SIDE (Super Ifu Deployable Experiment) will be a second-generation, common-user instrument for the Grantecan (GTC) on La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). It is being proposed as a spectrograph of low and intermediate resolution, highly efficient in multi-object spectroscopy and 3D spectroscopy. SIDE features the unique possibility of performing simultaneous visible and NIR observations for selected ranges. The SIDE project is leaded by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA-CSIC) in Granada (Spain) and the SIDE Consortium is formed by a total of 10 institutions from Spain, Mexico and USA. The SIDE Feasibility Study has been completed and currently the project is under revision by the GTC Project Office., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy II" SPIE conference Proc. 7014, Marseille, 23-28 June 2008

Published
2008
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20. A giant exoplanet orbiting a very-low-mass star challenges planet formation models

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Israel Science Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, German Research Foundation, National Science Foundation (US), Swiss National Science Foundation, Queen Mary University of London, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Ribas, Ignasi, López González, Maria J., Caballero, J. A., Cortés-Contreras, M., Amado, Pedro J., Abellán, F. J., Abril, Miguel, Barrado y Navascués, David, Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Colomé, J., Holgado, G., Sarkis, Paula, Schlecker, M., Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Sarmiento, L. F., Kehr, M., Schöfer, P., Stahl, O., Stock, S., Solano, E., López Salas, J.F., Stuber, T., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Stürmer, J., Tulloch, S.M., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Veredas, G., Wagner, K., Wolthoff, V., Yan, F., Winkler, J., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Mandel, H., Emsenhuber, A., Ferro, I.M., Fuhrmeister, Birgit, Fernández, M., Pavlov, A., Galadí-Enriquez, D., García-Piquer, A., Gesa, Lluis, Cava, I. Gallardo, González-Álvarez, E., González-Peinado, R., Guàrdia, J., González Hernández, Jonay I., Guijarro, A., Hatzes, Artie P., Hauschildt, P. H., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Arabi, R.H., Hermelo, I., Rabaza, O., Hernández Otero, F., Huber, A., Huke, P., Hintz, D., Schäfer, S., Johnson, E.N., Kemmer, J., Kim, M., de Juan, E., Klüter, J., Labarga, F., Labiche, N., Klutsch, A., Lalitha, S., Lara, Luisa María, Launhardt, R., Lampón, M., Lázaro, F. J., Llamas, M., Lizon, J. -L., Sota, A., Lodieu, N., López-Santiago, J., Magán Madinabeitia, H., López del Fresno, M., Czesla, S., Mall, U., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Mancini, L., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Martínez-Rodríguez, Héctor, Martín-Fernández, P., Marvin, C. J., Moya, A., Naranjo, V., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Nelson, R. P., Nowak, G., Nortmann, L., Fernández-Martín, A., Ofir, A., Pedraz, S., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Pascual, J., García Vargas, M. L., Pérez-Calpena, A., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Rebolo López, Rafael, Perryman, M. A. C., Redondo, P., Rodler, F., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rix, H.-W., Sabotta, S., Salz, M., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sadegi, S., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sánchez-López, A., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Israel Science Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, German Research Foundation, National Science Foundation (US), Swiss National Science Foundation, Queen Mary University of London, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Ribas, Ignasi, López González, Maria J., Caballero, J. A., Cortés-Contreras, M., Amado, Pedro J., Abellán, F. J., Abril, Miguel, Barrado y Navascués, David, Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Colomé, J., Holgado, G., Sarkis, Paula, Schlecker, M., Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Sarmiento, L. F., Kehr, M., Schöfer, P., Stahl, O., Stock, S., Solano, E., López Salas, J.F., Stuber, T., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Stürmer, J., Tulloch, S.M., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Veredas, G., Wagner, K., Wolthoff, V., Yan, F., Winkler, J., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Mandel, H., Emsenhuber, A., Ferro, I.M., Fuhrmeister, Birgit, Fernández, M., Pavlov, A., Galadí-Enriquez, D., García-Piquer, A., Gesa, Lluis, Cava, I. Gallardo, González-Álvarez, E., González-Peinado, R., Guàrdia, J., González Hernández, Jonay I., Guijarro, A., Hatzes, Artie P., Hauschildt, P. H., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Arabi, R.H., Hermelo, I., Rabaza, O., Hernández Otero, F., Huber, A., Huke, P., Hintz, D., Schäfer, S., Johnson, E.N., Kemmer, J., Kim, M., de Juan, E., Klüter, J., Labarga, F., Labiche, N., Klutsch, A., Lalitha, S., Lara, Luisa María, Launhardt, R., Lampón, M., Lázaro, F. J., Llamas, M., Lizon, J. -L., Sota, A., Lodieu, N., López-Santiago, J., Magán Madinabeitia, H., López del Fresno, M., Czesla, S., Mall, U., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Mancini, L., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Martínez-Rodríguez, Héctor, Martín-Fernández, P., Marvin, C. J., Moya, A., Naranjo, V., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Nelson, R. P., Nowak, G., Nortmann, L., Fernández-Martín, A., Ofir, A., Pedraz, S., Medialdea, D. Pérez, Pascual, J., García Vargas, M. L., Pérez-Calpena, A., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Rebolo López, Rafael, Perryman, M. A. C., Redondo, P., Rodler, F., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rix, H.-W., Sabotta, S., Salz, M., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sadegi, S., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Sanz-Forcada, J., and Sánchez-López, A.

Abstract

Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. We report the discovery of a giant planet around the very-low-mass star GJ 3512, as determined by optical and near-infrared radial-velocity observations. The planet has a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses, very high for such a small host star, and an eccentric 204-day orbit. Dynamical models show that the high eccentricity is most likely due to planet-planet interactions. We use simulations to demonstrate that the GJ 3512 planetary system challenges generally accepted formation theories, and that it puts constraints on the planet accretion and migration rates. Disk instabilities may be more efficient in forming planets than previously thought.Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science

Published
2019

21. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden's Star

Author

Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, CSIC - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Landessternwarte Königstuhl, CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Espacio (ICE), Institute for Astrophysics in Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Karl Schwarzschild-Observatorium, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburg Observatory, Max Planck Society, Observatorio de Calar Alto, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, German Research Foundation, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, CSIC-INTA - Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Israel Science Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Zechmeister, Mathias, Dreizler, S., Ribas, Ignasi, Reiners, Ansgar, Caballero, J. A., Bauer, Florian Franz, Béjar, Victor J. S., González-Cuesta, L., Herrero, E., Lalitha, S., López González, Maria J., Guijarro, A., Abril, Miguel, Magán Madinabeitia, H., Aceituno, Jesús, Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Ammler-von Eiff, M., Antona, R., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, de Juan, E., Azzaro, M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Baroch, David, Barrado y Navascués, David, Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Nortmann, L., Bluhm, P., Brinkmöller, M., Del Burgo, C., Calvo Ortega, R., Cifuentes, C., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Rabaza, O., Carro, J., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Casal, E., Casasayas-Barris, N., Berdiñas, Z. M., Rosich, Albert, Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Cano, J., Parviainen, H., Fukui, A., Sota, A., Galadí-Enriquez, D., Gallardo, I., Garcia De La Fuente, J., García-Piquer, A., Casanova, V., Luque, R., Góngora Rueda, J., González-Álvarez, E., González Hernández, Jonay I., González-Peinado, R., Hernández Otero, F., Fernández, Matilde, Amado, Pedro J., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Helmling, J., Hermelo, I., García Vargas, M. L., Arroyo-Torres, B., Klutsch, A., Labarga, F., Lafarga, M., Llamas, M., Guàrdia, J., Pallé, Enric, Lázaro, F. J., Bergond, G., Lodieu, N., Del Fresno, M. L., López-Puertas, Manuel, López Salas, J.F., Arabi, R.H., Aceituno, Francisco José, Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Fernández, D.M., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Nowak, G., Lampón, M., Chaturvedi, P., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Montañés-Rodríguez, P., Montes, D., Moreno-Raya, M.E., López-Santiago, J., Fernández-Martín, A., Pascual, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Pérez Medialdea, D., Martín-Fernández, P., Cardona Guillén, C., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Gesa, Lluis, Rebolo López, Rafael, Redondo, P., Reinhardt, S., Rodler, F., Narita, N., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Morales, Juan Carlos, Perger, M., Castaño, L.H., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Lara, Luisa María, Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Tal-Or, L., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Solano, E., Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, CSIC - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Landessternwarte Königstuhl, CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Espacio (ICE), Institute for Astrophysics in Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Karl Schwarzschild-Observatorium, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburg Observatory, Max Planck Society, Observatorio de Calar Alto, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, German Research Foundation, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, CSIC-INTA - Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Israel Science Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Zechmeister, Mathias, Dreizler, S., Ribas, Ignasi, Reiners, Ansgar, Caballero, J. A., Bauer, Florian Franz, Béjar, Victor J. S., González-Cuesta, L., Herrero, E., Lalitha, S., López González, Maria J., Guijarro, A., Abril, Miguel, Magán Madinabeitia, H., Aceituno, Jesús, Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Ammler-von Eiff, M., Antona, R., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, de Juan, E., Azzaro, M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Baroch, David, Barrado y Navascués, David, Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Nortmann, L., Bluhm, P., Brinkmöller, M., Del Burgo, C., Calvo Ortega, R., Cifuentes, C., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Rabaza, O., Carro, J., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Casal, E., Casasayas-Barris, N., Berdiñas, Z. M., Rosich, Albert, Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Cano, J., Parviainen, H., Fukui, A., Sota, A., Galadí-Enriquez, D., Gallardo, I., Garcia De La Fuente, J., García-Piquer, A., Casanova, V., Luque, R., Góngora Rueda, J., González-Álvarez, E., González Hernández, Jonay I., González-Peinado, R., Hernández Otero, F., Fernández, Matilde, Amado, Pedro J., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Helmling, J., Hermelo, I., García Vargas, M. L., Arroyo-Torres, B., Klutsch, A., Labarga, F., Lafarga, M., Llamas, M., Guàrdia, J., Pallé, Enric, Lázaro, F. J., Bergond, G., Lodieu, N., Del Fresno, M. L., López-Puertas, Manuel, López Salas, J.F., Arabi, R.H., Aceituno, Francisco José, Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Fernández, D.M., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Nowak, G., Lampón, M., Chaturvedi, P., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Montañés-Rodríguez, P., Montes, D., Moreno-Raya, M.E., López-Santiago, J., Fernández-Martín, A., Pascual, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Pérez Medialdea, D., Martín-Fernández, P., Cardona Guillén, C., Ballesta, A. Ramón, Gesa, Lluis, Rebolo López, Rafael, Redondo, P., Reinhardt, S., Rodler, F., Narita, N., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Morales, Juan Carlos, Perger, M., Castaño, L.H., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Lara, Luisa María, Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Tal-Or, L., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, and Solano, E.

Abstract

Context. Teegarden's Star is the brightest and one of the nearest ultra-cool dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. For its late spectral type (M7.0 V), the star shows relatively little activity and is a prime target for near-infrared radial velocity surveys such as CARMENES. Aims. As part of the CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, we obtained more than 200 radial-velocity measurements of Teegarden's Star and analysed them for planetary signals. Methods. We find periodic variability in the radial velocities of Teegarden's Star. We also studied photometric measurements to rule out stellar brightness variations mimicking planetary signals. Results. We find evidence for two planet candidates, each with 1.1 M minimum mass, orbiting at periods of 4.91 and 11.4 d, respectively. No evidence for planetary transits could be found in archival and follow-up photometry. Small photometric variability is suggestive of slow rotation and old age. Conclusions. The two planets are among the lowest-mass planets discovered so far, and they are the first Earth-mass planets around an ultra-cool dwarf for which the masses have been determined using radial velocities.© ESO 2019.

Published
2019

22. A giant exoplanet orbiting a very-low-mass star challenges planet formation models

Author

Morales, J. C., primary, Mustill, A. J., additional, Ribas, I., additional, Davies, M. B., additional, Reiners, A., additional, Bauer, F. F., additional, Kossakowski, D., additional, Herrero, E., additional, Rodríguez, E., additional, López-González, M. J., additional, Rodríguez-López, C., additional, Béjar, V. J. S., additional, González-Cuesta, L., additional, Luque, R., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Perger, M., additional, Baroch, D., additional, Johansen, A., additional, Klahr, H., additional, Mordasini, C., additional, Anglada-Escudé, G., additional, Caballero, J. A., additional, Cortés-Contreras, M., additional, Dreizler, S., additional, Lafarga, M., additional, Nagel, E., additional, Passegger, V. M., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Rosich, A., additional, Schweitzer, A., additional, Tal-Or, L., additional, Trifonov, T., additional, Zechmeister, M., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Amado, P. J., additional, Guenther, E. W., additional, Hagen, H.-J., additional, Henning, T., additional, Jeffers, S. V., additional, Kaminski, A., additional, Kürster, M., additional, Montes, D., additional, Seifert, W., additional, Abellán, F. J., additional, Abril, M., additional, Aceituno, J., additional, Aceituno, F. J., additional, Alonso-Floriano, F. J., additional, Ammler-von Eiff, M., additional, Antona, R., additional, Arroyo-Torres, B., additional, Azzaro, M., additional, Barrado, D., additional, Becerril-Jarque, S., additional, Benítez, D., additional, Berdiñas, Z. M., additional, Bergond, G., additional, Brinkmöller, M., additional, del Burgo, C., additional, Burn, R., additional, Calvo-Ortega, R., additional, Cano, J., additional, Cárdenas, M. C., additional, Guillén, C. Cardona, additional, Carro, J., additional, Casal, E., additional, Casanova, V., additional, Casasayas-Barris, N., additional, Chaturvedi, P., additional, Cifuentes, C., additional, Claret, A., additional, Colomé, J., additional, Czesla, S., additional, Díez-Alonso, E., additional, Dorda, R., additional, Emsenhuber, A., additional, Fernández, M., additional, Fernández-Martín, A., additional, Ferro, I. M., additional, Fuhrmeister, B., additional, Galadí-Enríquez, D., additional, Cava, I. Gallardo, additional, Vargas, M. L. García, additional, Garcia-Piquer, A., additional, Gesa, L., additional, González-Álvarez, E., additional, Hernández, J. I. González, additional, González-Peinado, R., additional, Guàrdia, J., additional, Guijarro, A., additional, de Guindos, E., additional, Hatzes, A. P., additional, Hauschildt, P. H., additional, Hedrosa, R. P., additional, Hermelo, I., additional, Arabi, R. Hernández, additional, Otero, F. Hernández, additional, Hintz, D., additional, Holgado, G., additional, Huber, A., additional, Huke, P., additional, Johnson, E. N., additional, de Juan, E., additional, Kehr, M., additional, Kemmer, J., additional, Kim, M., additional, Klüter, J., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Labarga, F., additional, Labiche, N., additional, Lalitha, S., additional, Lampón, M., additional, Lara, L. M., additional, Launhardt, R., additional, Lázaro, F. J., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Llamas, M., additional, Lodieu, N., additional, López del Fresno, M., additional, Salas, J. F. López, additional, López-Santiago, J., additional, Madinabeitia, H. Magán, additional, Mall, U., additional, Mancini, L., additional, Mandel, H., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Molina, J. A. Marín, additional, Martín, E. L., additional, Martín-Fernández, P., additional, Martín-Ruiz, S., additional, Martínez-Rodríguez, H., additional, Marvin, C. J., additional, Mirabet, E., additional, Moya, A., additional, Naranjo, V., additional, Nelson, R. P., additional, Nortmann, L., additional, Nowak, G., additional, Ofir, A., additional, Pascual, J., additional, Pavlov, A., additional, Pedraz, S., additional, Medialdea, D. Pérez, additional, Pérez-Calpena, A., additional, Perryman, M. A. C., additional, Rabaza, O., additional, Ballesta, A. Ramón, additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Redondo, P., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Rodler, F., additional, Trinidad, A. Rodríguez, additional, Sabotta, S., additional, Sadegi, S., additional, Salz, M., additional, Sánchez-Blanco, E., additional, Carrasco, M. A. Sánchez, additional, Sánchez-López, A., additional, Sanz-Forcada, J., additional, Sarkis, P., additional, Sarmiento, L. F., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Schlecker, M., additional, Schmitt, J. H. M. M., additional, Schöfer, P., additional, Solano, E., additional, Sota, A., additional, Stahl, O., additional, Stock, S., additional, Stuber, T., additional, Stürmer, J., additional, Suárez, J. C., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tulloch, S. M., additional, Veredas, G., additional, Vico-Linares, J. I., additional, Vilardell, F., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Winkler, J., additional, Wolthoff, V., additional, Yan, F., additional, and Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, additional

Published
2019
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23. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

Author

Zechmeister, M., primary, Dreizler, S., additional, Ribas, I., additional, Reiners, A., additional, Caballero, J. A., additional, Bauer, F. F., additional, Béjar, V. J. S., additional, González-Cuesta, L., additional, Herrero, E., additional, Lalitha, S., additional, López-González, M. J., additional, Luque, R., additional, Morales, J. C., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Rodríguez, E., additional, Rodríguez López, C., additional, Tal-Or, L., additional, Anglada-Escudé, G., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Amado, P. J., additional, Abril, M., additional, Aceituno, F. J., additional, Aceituno, J., additional, Alonso-Floriano, F. J., additional, Ammler-von Eiff, M., additional, Antona Jiménez, R., additional, Anwand-Heerwart, H., additional, Arroyo-Torres, B., additional, Azzaro, M., additional, Baroch, D., additional, Barrado, D., additional, Becerril, S., additional, Benítez, D., additional, Berdiñas, Z. M., additional, Bergond, G., additional, Bluhm, P., additional, Brinkmöller, M., additional, del Burgo, C., additional, Calvo Ortega, R., additional, Cano, J., additional, Cardona Guillén, C., additional, Carro, J., additional, Cárdenas Vázquez, M. C., additional, Casal, E., additional, Casasayas-Barris, N., additional, Casanova, V., additional, Chaturvedi, P., additional, Cifuentes, C., additional, Claret, A., additional, Colomé, J., additional, Cortés-Contreras, M., additional, Czesla, S., additional, Díez-Alonso, E., additional, Dorda, R., additional, Fernández, M., additional, Fernández-Martín, A., additional, Fuhrmeister, B., additional, Fukui, A., additional, Galadí-Enríquez, D., additional, Gallardo Cava, I., additional, Garcia de la Fuente, J., additional, Garcia-Piquer, A., additional, García Vargas, M. L., additional, Gesa, L., additional, Góngora Rueda, J., additional, González-Álvarez, E., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, González-Peinado, R., additional, Grözinger, U., additional, Guàrdia, J., additional, Guijarro, A., additional, de Guindos, E., additional, Hatzes, A. P., additional, Hauschildt, P. H., additional, Hedrosa, R. P., additional, Helmling, J., additional, Henning, T., additional, Hermelo, I., additional, Hernández Arabi, R., additional, Hernández Castaño, L., additional, Hernández Otero, F., additional, Hintz, D., additional, Huke, P., additional, Huber, A., additional, Jeffers, S. V., additional, Johnson, E. N., additional, de Juan, E., additional, Kaminski, A., additional, Kemmer, J., additional, Kim, M., additional, Klahr, H., additional, Klein, R., additional, Klüter, J., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Kossakowski, D., additional, Kürster, M., additional, Labarga, F., additional, Lafarga, M., additional, Llamas, M., additional, Lampón, M., additional, Lara, L. M., additional, Launhardt, R., additional, Lázaro, F. J., additional, Lodieu, N., additional, López del Fresno, M., additional, López-Puertas, M., additional, López Salas, J. F., additional, López-Santiago, J., additional, Magán Madinabeitia, H., additional, Mall, U., additional, Mancini, L., additional, Mandel, H., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Marín Molina, J. A., additional, Maroto Fernández, D., additional, Martín, E. L., additional, Martín-Fernández, P., additional, Martín-Ruiz, S., additional, Marvin, C. J., additional, Mirabet, E., additional, Montañés-Rodríguez, P., additional, Montes, D., additional, Moreno-Raya, M. E., additional, Nagel, E., additional, Naranjo, V., additional, Narita, N., additional, Nortmann, L., additional, Nowak, G., additional, Ofir, A., additional, Oshagh, M., additional, Panduro, J., additional, Parviainen, H., additional, Pascual, J., additional, Passegger, V. M., additional, Pavlov, A., additional, Pedraz, S., additional, Pérez-Calpena, A., additional, Pérez Medialdea, D., additional, Perger, M., additional, Perryman, M. A. C., additional, Rabaza, O., additional, Ramón Ballesta, A., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Redondo, P., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Reinhardt, S., additional, Rhode, P., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Rodler, F., additional, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., additional, Rosich, A., additional, Sadegi, S., additional, Sánchez-Blanco, E., additional, Sánchez Carrasco, M. A., additional, Sánchez-López, A., additional, Sanz-Forcada, J., additional, Sarkis, P., additional, Sarmiento, L. F., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Schmitt, J. H. M. M., additional, Schöfer, P., additional, Schweitzer, A., additional, Seifert, W., additional, Shulyak, D., additional, Solano, E., additional, Sota, A., additional, Stahl, O., additional, Stock, S., additional, Strachan, J. B. P., additional, Stuber, T., additional, Stürmer, J., additional, Suárez, J. C., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tala Pinto, M., additional, Trifonov, T., additional, Veredas, G., additional, Vico Linares, J. I., additional, Vilardell, F., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Wolthoff, V., additional, Xu, W., additional, Yan, F., additional, and Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional

Published
2019
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24. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: High-resolution optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of 324 survey stars

Author

Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, German Research Foundation, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, Reiners, Ansgar, Zechmeister, Mathias, Caballero, J. A., Ribas, Ignasi, Morales, Juan Carlos, Jeffers, Sandra V., Schöfer, P., Tal-Or, L., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Amado, Pedro J., Kaminski, Adrian, Sarmiento, L. F., García Vargas, M. L., Laun, W., Marvin, C. J., Ammler-von Eiff, M., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, López-Puertas, Manuel, Henning, Thomas, Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Rodler, F., Hernández Hernando, F., Schiller, J., Schweitzer, Andreas, Ulbrich, R.G., Mancini, L., Stürmer, J., Solano, E., Grohnert, S., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Helmling, J., Kürster, M., Sánchez-López, A., Wolthoff, V., Lampón, M., Ferro, I.M., Klutsch, A., Fuhrmeister, Birgit, Fernández, Matilde, Béjar, Victor J. S., Huke, P., Hernández Arabí, R., Herrero, E., Tala, M., de Juan, E., Baroch, David, Blümcke, M., Montes, D., Moya, A., Del Burgo, C., Guindos, E. D., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, López González, Maria J., Cano, J., Czesla, S., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Casal, E., Aceituno, Jesús, Marfil, E., Yan, F., Rhode, P., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Lenzen, R., Nagel, Evangelos, Gesa, Lluis, Kim, M., Cortés-Contreras, M., Mundt, R., Hedrosa, R.P., Galera, V. G., González Hernández, Jonay I., López Salas, J.F., Luque, R., Marín Molina, J.A., Wagner, K., Guijarro, A., Mathar, R.J., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Cifuentes, C., Abril, Miguel, Hagen, Hans-Jürgen, Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Vilardell, Francesc, Azzaro, M., Naranjo, V., Mandel, H., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Trifonov, T., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Klein, R., Guàrdia, J., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Klüter, J., Lemke, U., Panduro, J., Passegger, V.M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Redondo, P., Sanz-Forcada, J., Winkler, J., Pavlov, A., Sadegi, S., Bergond, G., Pérez-Calpena, A., Reffert, S., Veredas, G., Rosich, Albert, Launhardt, R., Reinhart, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., López del Fresno, M., Rix, H.-W., Barrado y Navascués, David, Johnson, E.N., Rebolo López, Rafael, Hauschildt, P. H., López-Santiago, J., Suárez, J.C., Stahl, O., Pérez Medialdea, D., Perryman, M. A. C., Lara, Luisa María, Becerril, S., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Moreno-Raya, M.E., Xu, W., Strachan, J. B. P., Bauer, Florian Franz, Schäfer, S., Seifert, W., Grözinger, U., Perger, M., Hatzes, Artie P., Benítez, D., Nortmann, L., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Hernández Castaño, L., Lamert, A., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oreiro, Raquel, Tulloch, S.M., Maroto Fernández, D., Pallé, Enric, Hermelo, I., Vico Linares, J.I., Arroyo-Torres, B., Tabernero, H. M., Pluto, M., Lafarga, M., Dreizler, S., Huber, A., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Berdiñas, Z. M., Brinkmöller, M., Antona, R., Pedraz, S., Feiz, C., González-Peinado, R., Sarkis, Paula, Pascual Granado, J., Guenther, E. W., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Colomé, J., Díez-Alonso, E., García-Piquer, A., Mall, U., Rohloff, R.-R., Galadí-Enriquez, D., Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, German Research Foundation, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, Reiners, Ansgar, Zechmeister, Mathias, Caballero, J. A., Ribas, Ignasi, Morales, Juan Carlos, Jeffers, Sandra V., Schöfer, P., Tal-Or, L., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Amado, Pedro J., Kaminski, Adrian, Sarmiento, L. F., García Vargas, M. L., Laun, W., Marvin, C. J., Ammler-von Eiff, M., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, López-Puertas, Manuel, Henning, Thomas, Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Rodler, F., Hernández Hernando, F., Schiller, J., Schweitzer, Andreas, Ulbrich, R.G., Mancini, L., Stürmer, J., Solano, E., Grohnert, S., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Helmling, J., Kürster, M., Sánchez-López, A., Wolthoff, V., Lampón, M., Ferro, I.M., Klutsch, A., Fuhrmeister, Birgit, Fernández, Matilde, Béjar, Victor J. S., Huke, P., Hernández Arabí, R., Herrero, E., Tala, M., de Juan, E., Baroch, David, Blümcke, M., Montes, D., Moya, A., Del Burgo, C., Guindos, E. D., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, López González, Maria J., Cano, J., Czesla, S., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Casal, E., Aceituno, Jesús, Marfil, E., Yan, F., Rhode, P., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Lenzen, R., Nagel, Evangelos, Gesa, Lluis, Kim, M., Cortés-Contreras, M., Mundt, R., Hedrosa, R.P., Galera, V. G., González Hernández, Jonay I., López Salas, J.F., Luque, R., Marín Molina, J.A., Wagner, K., Guijarro, A., Mathar, R.J., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Cifuentes, C., Abril, Miguel, Hagen, Hans-Jürgen, Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Vilardell, Francesc, Azzaro, M., Naranjo, V., Mandel, H., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Trifonov, T., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Klein, R., Guàrdia, J., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Klüter, J., Lemke, U., Panduro, J., Passegger, V.M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Redondo, P., Sanz-Forcada, J., Winkler, J., Pavlov, A., Sadegi, S., Bergond, G., Pérez-Calpena, A., Reffert, S., Veredas, G., Rosich, Albert, Launhardt, R., Reinhart, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., López del Fresno, M., Rix, H.-W., Barrado y Navascués, David, Johnson, E.N., Rebolo López, Rafael, Hauschildt, P. H., López-Santiago, J., Suárez, J.C., Stahl, O., Pérez Medialdea, D., Perryman, M. A. C., Lara, Luisa María, Becerril, S., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Moreno-Raya, M.E., Xu, W., Strachan, J. B. P., Bauer, Florian Franz, Schäfer, S., Seifert, W., Grözinger, U., Perger, M., Hatzes, Artie P., Benítez, D., Nortmann, L., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Hernández Castaño, L., Lamert, A., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oreiro, Raquel, Tulloch, S.M., Maroto Fernández, D., Pallé, Enric, Hermelo, I., Vico Linares, J.I., Arroyo-Torres, B., Tabernero, H. M., Pluto, M., Lafarga, M., Dreizler, S., Huber, A., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Berdiñas, Z. M., Brinkmöller, M., Antona, R., Pedraz, S., Feiz, C., González-Peinado, R., Sarkis, Paula, Pascual Granado, J., Guenther, E. W., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Colomé, J., Díez-Alonso, E., García-Piquer, A., Mall, U., Rohloff, R.-R., and Galadí-Enriquez, D.

Abstract

The CARMENES radial velocity (RV) survey is observing 324 M dwarfs to search for any orbiting planets. In this paper, we present the survey sample by publishing one CARMENES spectrum for each M dwarf. These spectra cover the wavelength range 520¿1710 nm at a resolution of at least R >80 000, and we measure its RV, H¿ emission, and projected rotation velocity. We present an atlas of high-resolution M-dwarf spectra and compare the spectra to atmospheric models. To quantify the RV precision that can be achieved in low-mass stars over the CARMENES wavelength range, we analyze our empirical information on the RV precision from more than 6500 observations. We compare our high-resolution M-dwarf spectra to atmospheric models where we determine the spectroscopic RV information content, Q, and signal-to-noise ratio. We find that for all M-type dwarfs, the highest RV precision can be reached in the wavelength range 700¿900 nm. Observations at longer wavelengths are equally precise only at the very latest spectral types (M8 and M9). We demonstrate that in this spectroscopic range, the large amount of absorption features compensates for the intrinsic faintness of an M7 star. To reach an RV precision of 1 m s¿1 in very low mass M dwarfs at longer wavelengths likely requires the use of a 10 m class telescope. For spectral types M6 and earlier, the combination of a red visual and a near-infrared spectrograph is ideal to search for low-mass planets and to distinguish between planets and stellar variability. At a 4 m class telescope, an instrument like CARMENES has the potential to push the RV precision well below the typical jitter level of 3-4 m s-1. © ESO 2018.

Published
2018

25. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: HD147379 b: A nearby Neptune in the temperate zone of an early-M dwarf

Author

Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Reiners, Ansgar, Ribas, Ignasi, Zechmeister, Mathias, Caballero, J. A., Trifonov, T., Dreizler, S., Morales, Juan Carlos, Tal-Or, L., Lafarga, M., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Benítez, D., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Reinhart, S., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Redondo, P., Claret, A., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rosich, Albert, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Solano, E., Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Tabernero, H. M., Suárez, J.C., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Vico Linares, J.I., Kaminski, Adrian, Vilardell, Francesc, Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Jeffers, Sandra V., Aceituno, Jesús, Béjar, Victor J. S., Hagen, Hans-Jürgen, Guàrdia, J., Guenther, E. W., Passegger, V.M., Montes, D., Schweitzer, Andreas, Abril, Miguel, Seifert, W., Cortés-Contreras, M., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Eiff, M.A.V., Antona, R., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Arroyo-Torres, B., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Baroch, David, Azzaro, M., Bauer, Florian Franz, Barrado y Navascués, David, Berdiñas, Z. M., Becerril, S., Bergond, G., Blümcke, M., Brinkmöller, M., Del Burgo, C., Cifuentes, C., Cano, J., Casal, E., Lara, Luisa María, Díez-Alonso, E., Ferro, I.M., Colomé, J., Czesla, S., Galadí-Enriquez, D., García-Piquer, A., Gesa, Lluis, López-Puertas, Manuel, Gómez Galera, V., Guijarro, A., González Hernández, Jonay I., González-Peinado, R., Fernández, M., Helmling, J., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., de Guindos, E., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Hedrosa, R.P., Hermelo, I., Amado, Pedro J., Hernández Arabí, R., Hernández Castaño, L., de Juan, E., Hernández Hernando, F., Herrero, E., Labarga, F., Klutsch, A., López del Fresno, M., Lampón, M., López González, Maria J., López Salas, J.F., López-Santiago, J., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Maroto Fernández, D., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Moreno-Raya, M.E., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Moya, A., Oreiro, Raquel, Pallé, Enric, Pascual, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez Medialdea, D., Perger, M., Rebolo López, Rafael, Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Reiners, Ansgar, Ribas, Ignasi, Zechmeister, Mathias, Caballero, J. A., Trifonov, T., Dreizler, S., Morales, Juan Carlos, Tal-Or, L., Lafarga, M., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Benítez, D., Rabaza, O., Ramón, A., Reinhart, S., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Redondo, P., Claret, A., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rosich, Albert, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Solano, E., Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Tabernero, H. M., Suárez, J.C., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Vico Linares, J.I., Kaminski, Adrian, Vilardell, Francesc, Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Jeffers, Sandra V., Aceituno, Jesús, Béjar, Victor J. S., Hagen, Hans-Jürgen, Guàrdia, J., Guenther, E. W., Passegger, V.M., Montes, D., Schweitzer, Andreas, Abril, Miguel, Seifert, W., Cortés-Contreras, M., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Eiff, M.A.V., Antona, R., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Arroyo-Torres, B., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Baroch, David, Azzaro, M., Bauer, Florian Franz, Barrado y Navascués, David, Berdiñas, Z. M., Becerril, S., Bergond, G., Blümcke, M., Brinkmöller, M., Del Burgo, C., Cifuentes, C., Cano, J., Casal, E., Lara, Luisa María, Díez-Alonso, E., Ferro, I.M., Colomé, J., Czesla, S., Galadí-Enriquez, D., García-Piquer, A., Gesa, Lluis, López-Puertas, Manuel, Gómez Galera, V., Guijarro, A., González Hernández, Jonay I., González-Peinado, R., Fernández, M., Helmling, J., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., de Guindos, E., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Hedrosa, R.P., Hermelo, I., Amado, Pedro J., Hernández Arabí, R., Hernández Castaño, L., de Juan, E., Hernández Hernando, F., Herrero, E., Labarga, F., Klutsch, A., López del Fresno, M., Lampón, M., López González, Maria J., López Salas, J.F., López-Santiago, J., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Maroto Fernández, D., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Moreno-Raya, M.E., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Moya, A., Oreiro, Raquel, Pallé, Enric, Pascual, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez Medialdea, D., Perger, M., and Rebolo López, Rafael

Abstract

We report on the first star discovered to host a planet detected by radial velocity (RV) observations obtained within the CARMENES survey for exoplanets around M dwarfs. HD 147379 (V = 8.9 mag, M = 0.58 ± 0.08 M), a bright M0.0 V star at a distance of 10.7 pc, is found to undergo periodic RV variations with a semi-amplitude of K = 5.1 ± 0.4 m s and a period of P = 86.54 ± 0.06 d. The RV signal is found in our CARMENES data, which were taken between 2016 and 2017, and is supported by HIRES/Keck observations that were obtained since 2000. The RV variations are interpreted as resulting from a planet of minimum mass m sin i = 25 ± 2 M, 1.5 times the mass of Neptune, with an orbital semi-major axis a = 0.32 au and low eccentricity (e < 0.13). HD 147379 b is orbiting inside the temperate zone around the star, where water could exist in liquid form. The RV time-series and various spectroscopic indicators show additional hints of variations at an approximate period of 21.1 d (and its first harmonic), which we attribute to the rotation period of the star.© ESO, 2018.

Published
2018

26. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: First visual-channel radial-velocity measurements and orbital parameter updates of seven M-dwarf planetary systems

Author

Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, German Research Foundation, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Trifonov, T., Kürster, M., Zechmeister, Mathias, Tal-Or, L., Caballero, J. A., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Amado, Pedro J., Ribas, Ignasi, Reiners, Ansgar, Reffert, S., Dreizler, S., Lafarga, M., López del Fresno, M., López Salas, J.F., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Moya, A., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Maroto Fernández, D., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Perger, M., Ramón, A., Pallé, Enric, Rabaza, O., Moreno-Raya, M.E., Nortmann, L., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Sanz-Forcada, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez Medialdea, D., Rebolo López, Rafael, Redondo, P., Reinhardt, S., Sánchez-López, A., Solano, E., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rosich, Albert, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Kaminski, Adrian, Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Hatzes, Artie P., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Tulloch, S.M., Mundt, R., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Launhardt, R., Henning, Thomas, Nowak, G., Del Burgo, C., Montes, D., Béjar, Victor J. S., Pavlov, A., Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Seifert, W., Abril, Miguel, Barrado y Navascués, David, Morales, Juan Carlos, Jeffers, Sandra V., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, López-Santiago, J., Mathar, R.J., Aceituno, Jesús, Ammler-von Eiff, M., Guenther, E. W., González Hernández, Jonay I., Arroyo-Torres, B., Mancini, L., Becerril, S., Bauer, Florian Franz, Stürmer, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Antona, R., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Cano, J., Azzaro, M., Baroch, David, Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Colomé, J., Blümcke, M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Ferro, I.M., Casal, E., Cifuentes, C., García-Piquer, A., Gómez Galera, V., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Cortés-Contreras, M., Díez-Alonso, E., Guàrdia, J., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Fernández, Matilde, Lara, Luisa María, Galadí-Enriquez, D., Gesa, Lluis, González-Peinado, R., López-Puertas, Manuel, Hernández Castaño, L., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Klutsch, A., Helmling, J., López González, Maria J., Hermelo, I., Hernández Arabí, R., Lampón, M., Hernández Hernando, F., Herrero Casas, Enrique, Oreiro, Raquel, de Juan, E., Pascual Granado, J., Max Planck Society, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg, German Research Foundation, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Trifonov, T., Kürster, M., Zechmeister, Mathias, Tal-Or, L., Caballero, J. A., Quirrenbach, Andreas, Amado, Pedro J., Ribas, Ignasi, Reiners, Ansgar, Reffert, S., Dreizler, S., Lafarga, M., López del Fresno, M., López Salas, J.F., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Moya, A., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J.A., Maroto Fernández, D., Martín, Eduardo Lorenzo, Miralda-Escudé, Jordi, Perger, M., Ramón, A., Pallé, Enric, Rabaza, O., Moreno-Raya, M.E., Nortmann, L., Rodríguez-López, Cristina, Sanz-Forcada, J., Pedraz, S., Pérez Medialdea, D., Rebolo López, Rafael, Redondo, P., Reinhardt, S., Sánchez-López, A., Solano, E., Rodríguez Martínez, Eloy, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rosich, Albert, Sánchez-Blanco, E., Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa, Kaminski, Adrian, Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés, Hatzes, Artie P., Suárez, J.C., Tabernero, H. M., Tulloch, S.M., Mundt, R., Vico Linares, J.I., Vilardell, Francesc, Launhardt, R., Henning, Thomas, Nowak, G., Del Burgo, C., Montes, D., Béjar, Victor J. S., Pavlov, A., Schmitt, Jürgen H. M. M., Seifert, W., Abril, Miguel, Barrado y Navascués, David, Morales, Juan Carlos, Jeffers, Sandra V., Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, López-Santiago, J., Mathar, R.J., Aceituno, Jesús, Ammler-von Eiff, M., Guenther, E. W., González Hernández, Jonay I., Arroyo-Torres, B., Mancini, L., Becerril, S., Bauer, Florian Franz, Stürmer, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. Javier, Antona, R., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Cárdenas Vázquez, María Concepción, Cano, J., Azzaro, M., Baroch, David, Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Colomé, J., Blümcke, M., Martín-Ruiz, Susana, Ferro, I.M., Casal, E., Cifuentes, C., García-Piquer, A., Gómez Galera, V., Claret dos Santos, Antonio, Cortés-Contreras, M., Díez-Alonso, E., Guàrdia, J., Gutiérrez-Soto, J., Fernández, Matilde, Lara, Luisa María, Galadí-Enriquez, D., Gesa, Lluis, González-Peinado, R., López-Puertas, Manuel, Hernández Castaño, L., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Hedrosa, R.P., Klutsch, A., Helmling, J., López González, Maria J., Hermelo, I., Hernández Arabí, R., Lampón, M., Hernández Hernando, F., Herrero Casas, Enrique, Oreiro, Raquel, de Juan, E., and Pascual Granado, J.

Abstract

Context. The main goal of the CARMENES survey is to find Earth-mass planets around nearby M-dwarf stars. Seven M dwarfs included in the CARMENES sample had been observed before with HIRES and HARPS and either were reported to have one short period planetary companion (GJ 15 A, GJ 176, GJ 436, GJ 536 and GJ 1148) or are multiple planetary systems (GJ 581 and GJ 876). Aims. We aim to report new precise optical radial velocity measurements for these planet hosts and test the overall capabilities of CARMENES. Methods. We combined our CARMENES precise Doppler measurements with those available from HIRES and HARPS and derived new orbital parameters for the systems. Bona-fide single planet systems were fitted with a Keplerian model. The multiple planet systems were analyzed using a self-consistent dynamical model and their best fit orbits were tested for long-term stability. Results. We confirm or provide supportive arguments for planets around all the investigated stars except for GJ 15 A, for which we find that the post-discovery HIRES data and our CARMENES data do not show a signal at 11.4 days. Although we cannot confirm the super-Earth planet GJ 15 Ab, we show evidence for a possible long-period (P = 7030 d) Saturn-mass (msini = 51.8M) planet around GJ 15 A. In addition, based on our CARMENES and HIRES data we discover a second planet around GJ 1148, for which we estimate a period P = 532.6 days, eccentricity e = 0.342 and minimum mass msini = 68.1M. Conclusions. The CARMENES optical radial velocities have similar precision and overall scatter when compared to the Doppler measurements conducted with HARPS and HIRES. We conclude that CARMENES is an instrument that is up to the challenge of discovering rocky planets around low-mass stars.© ESO, 2018.

Published
2018

27. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

Author

Reiners, A., primary, Zechmeister, M., additional, Caballero, J. A., additional, Ribas, I., additional, Morales, J. C., additional, Jeffers, S. V., additional, Schöfer, P., additional, Tal-Or, L., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Amado, P. J., additional, Kaminski, A., additional, Seifert, W., additional, Abril, M., additional, Aceituno, J., additional, Alonso-Floriano, F. J., additional, Ammler-von Eiff, M., additional, Antona, R., additional, Anglada-Escudé, G., additional, Anwand-Heerwart, H., additional, Arroyo-Torres, B., additional, Azzaro, M., additional, Baroch, D., additional, Barrado, D., additional, Bauer, F. F., additional, Becerril, S., additional, Béjar, V. J. S., additional, Benítez, D., additional, Berdinas̃, Z. M., additional, Bergond, G., additional, Blümcke, M., additional, Brinkmöller, M., additional, del Burgo, C., additional, Cano, J., additional, Cárdenas Vázquez, M. C., additional, Casal, E., additional, Cifuentes, C., additional, Claret, A., additional, Colomé, J., additional, Cortés-Contreras, M., additional, Czesla, S., additional, Díez-Alonso, E., additional, Dreizler, S., additional, Feiz, C., additional, Fernández, M., additional, Ferro, I. M., additional, Fuhrmeister, B., additional, Galadí-Enríquez, D., additional, Garcia-Piquer, A., additional, García Vargas, M. L., additional, Gesa, L., additional, Gómez Galera, V., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, González-Peinado, R., additional, Grözinger, U., additional, Grohnert, S., additional, Guàrdia, J., additional, Guenther, E. W., additional, Guijarro, A., additional, de Guindos, E., additional, Gutiérrez-Soto, J., additional, Hagen, H.-J., additional, Hatzes, A. P., additional, Hauschildt, P. H., additional, Hedrosa, R. P., additional, Helmling, J., additional, Henning, Th., additional, Hermelo, I., additional, Hernández Arabí, R., additional, Hernández Castaño, L., additional, Hernández Hernando, F., additional, Herrero, E., additional, Huber, A., additional, Huke, P., additional, Johnson, E. N., additional, de Juan, E., additional, Kim, M., additional, Klein, R., additional, Klüter, J., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Kürster, M., additional, Lafarga, M., additional, Lamert, A., additional, Lampón, M., additional, Lara, L. M., additional, Laun, W., additional, Lemke, U., additional, Lenzen, R., additional, Launhardt, R., additional, López del Fresno, M., additional, López-González, J., additional, López-Puertas, M., additional, López Salas, J. F., additional, López-Santiago, J., additional, Luque, R., additional, Magán Madinabeitia, H., additional, Mall, U., additional, Mancini, L., additional, Mandel, H., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Marín Molina, J. A., additional, Maroto Fernández, D., additional, Martín, E. L., additional, Martín-Ruiz, S., additional, Marvin, C. J., additional, Mathar, R. J., additional, Mirabet, E., additional, Montes, D., additional, Moreno-Raya, M. E., additional, Moya, A., additional, Mundt, R., additional, Nagel, E., additional, Naranjo, V., additional, Nortmann, L., additional, Nowak, G., additional, Ofir, A., additional, Oreiro, R., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Panduro, J., additional, Pascual, J., additional, Passegger, V. M., additional, Pavlov, A., additional, Pedraz, S., additional, Pérez-Calpena, A., additional, Pérez Medialdea, D., additional, Perger, M., additional, Perryman, M. A. C., additional, Pluto, M., additional, Rabaza, O., additional, Ramón, A., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Redondo, P., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Reinhart, S., additional, Rhode, P., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Rodler, F., additional, Rodríguez, E., additional, Rodríguez-López, C., additional, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., additional, Rohloff, R.-R., additional, Rosich, A., additional, Sadegi, S., additional, Sánchez-Blanco, E., additional, Sánchez Carrasco, M. A., additional, Sánchez-López, A., additional, Sanz-Forcada, J., additional, Sarkis, P., additional, Sarmiento, L. F., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Schmitt, J. H. M. M., additional, Schiller, J., additional, Schweitzer, A., additional, Solano, E., additional, Stahl, O., additional, Strachan, J. B. P., additional, Stürmer, J., additional, Suárez, J. C., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tala, M., additional, Trifonov, T., additional, Tulloch, S. M., additional, Ulbrich, R. G., additional, Veredas, G., additional, Vico Linares, J. I., additional, Vilardell, F., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Winkler, J., additional, Wolthoff, V., additional, Xu, W., additional, Yan, F., additional, and Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional

Published
2018
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28. The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs

Author

Trifonov, T., primary, Kürster, M., additional, Zechmeister, M., additional, Tal-Or, L., additional, Caballero, J. A., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Amado, P. J., additional, Ribas, I., additional, Reiners, A., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Dreizler, S., additional, Hatzes, A. P., additional, Kaminski, A., additional, Launhardt, R., additional, Henning, Th., additional, Montes, D., additional, Béjar, V. J. S., additional, Mundt, R., additional, Pavlov, A., additional, Schmitt, J. H. M. M., additional, Seifert, W., additional, Morales, J. C., additional, Nowak, G., additional, Jeffers, S. V., additional, Rodríguez-López, C., additional, del Burgo, C., additional, Anglada-Escudé, G., additional, López-Santiago, J., additional, Mathar, R. J., additional, Ammler-von Eiff, M., additional, Guenther, E. W., additional, Barrado, D., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Mancini, L., additional, Stürmer, J., additional, Abril, M., additional, Aceituno, J., additional, Alonso-Floriano, F. J., additional, Antona, R., additional, Anwand-Heerwart, H., additional, Arroyo-Torres, B., additional, Azzaro, M., additional, Baroch, D., additional, Bauer, F. F., additional, Becerril, S., additional, Benítez, D., additional, Berdiñas, Z. M., additional, Bergond, G., additional, Blümcke, M., additional, Brinkmöller, M., additional, Cano, J., additional, Cárdenas Vázquez, M. C., additional, Casal, E., additional, Cifuentes, C., additional, Claret, A., additional, Colomé, J., additional, Cortés-Contreras, M., additional, Czesla, S., additional, Díez-Alonso, E., additional, Feiz, C., additional, Fernández, M., additional, Ferro, I. M., additional, Fuhrmeister, B., additional, Galadí-Enríquez, D., additional, Garcia-Piquer, A., additional, García Vargas, M. L., additional, Gesa, L., additional, Gómez Galera, V., additional, González-Peinado, R., additional, Grözinger, U., additional, Grohnert, S., additional, Guàrdia, J., additional, Guijarro, A., additional, de Guindos, E., additional, Gutiérrez-Soto, J., additional, Hagen, H.-J., additional, Hauschildt, P. H., additional, Hedrosa, R. P., additional, Helmling, J., additional, Hermelo, I., additional, Hernández Arabí, R., additional, Hernández Castaño, L., additional, Hernández Hernando, F., additional, Herrero, E., additional, Huber, A., additional, Huke, P., additional, Johnson, E., additional, de Juan, E., additional, Kim, M., additional, Klein, R., additional, Klüter, J., additional, Klutsch, A., additional, Lafarga, M., additional, Lampón, M., additional, Lara, L. M., additional, Laun, W., additional, Lemke, U., additional, Lenzen, R., additional, López del Fresno, M., additional, López-González, M. J., additional, López-Puertas, M., additional, López Salas, J. F., additional, Luque, R., additional, Magán Madinabeitia, H., additional, Mall, U., additional, Mandel, H., additional, Marfil, E., additional, Marín Molina, J. A., additional, Maroto Fernández, D., additional, Martín, E. L., additional, Martín-Ruiz, S., additional, Marvin, C. J., additional, Mirabet, E., additional, Moya, A., additional, Moreno-Raya, M. E., additional, Nagel, E., additional, Naranjo, V., additional, Nortmann, L., additional, Ofir, A., additional, Oreiro, R., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Panduro, J., additional, Pascual, J., additional, Passegger, V. M., additional, Pedraz, S., additional, Pérez-Calpena, A., additional, Pérez Medialdea, D., additional, Perger, M., additional, Perryman, M. A. C., additional, Pluto, M., additional, Rabaza, O., additional, Ramón, A., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Redondo, P., additional, Reinhardt, S., additional, Rhode, P., additional, Rix, H.-W., additional, Rodler, F., additional, Rodríguez, E., additional, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., additional, Rohloff, R.-R., additional, Rosich, A., additional, Sadegi, S., additional, Sánchez-Blanco, E., additional, Sánchez Carrasco, M. A., additional, Sánchez-López, A., additional, Sanz-Forcada, J., additional, Sarkis, P., additional, Sarmiento, L. F., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Schiller, J., additional, Schöfer, P., additional, Schweitzer, A., additional, Solano, E., additional, Stahl, O., additional, Strachan, J. B. P., additional, Suárez, J. C., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Tala, M., additional, Tulloch, S. M., additional, Veredas, G., additional, Vico Linares, J. I., additional, Vilardell, F., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Winkler, J., additional, Wolthoff, V., additional, Xu, W., additional, Yan, F., additional, and Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional

Published
2018
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29. A Decade of GRB Follow-Up by BOOTES in Spain (2003-2013)

Author

Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Czech Science Foundation, Jelínek, M., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Cunniffe, R., Gorosabel, J., Vítek, S., Kubánek, P., Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Guziy, Sergey, Tello, J.C., Páta, P., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Oates, S., Jeong, S., Štrobl, J., Castillo-Carrión, S., Mateo Sanguino, T., Rabaza, O., Pérez-Ramírez, D., Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael, De La Morena Carretero, B.A., Hudec, René, Reglero, V., Sabau-Graziati, L., Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Czech Science Foundation, Jelínek, M., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Cunniffe, R., Gorosabel, J., Vítek, S., Kubánek, P., Ugarte Postigo, Antonio de, Guziy, Sergey, Tello, J.C., Páta, P., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Oates, S., Jeong, S., Štrobl, J., Castillo-Carrión, S., Mateo Sanguino, T., Rabaza, O., Pérez-Ramírez, D., Fernández-Muñoz, Rafael, De La Morena Carretero, B.A., Hudec, René, Reglero, V., and Sabau-Graziati, L.

Abstract

This article covers ten years of GRB follow-ups by the Spanish BOOTES stations: 71 follow-ups providing 23 detections. Follow-ups by BOOTES-1B from 2005 to 2008 were given in a previous article and are here reviewed and updated, and additional detection data points are included as the former article merely stated their existence. The all-sky cameras CASSANDRA have not yet detected any GRB optical afterglows, but limits are reported where available.

Published
2016

38. New rules of thumb maximizing energy efficiency in street lighting with discharge lamps: The general equations for lighting design.

Author

Peña-García, A., Gómez-Lorente, D., Espín, A., and Rabaza, O.

Subjects
ENERGY consumption, STREET lighting, ELECTRIC discharges, LIGHTING design, LUMINOUS flux
Abstract

New relationships between energy efficiency, illuminance uniformity, spacing and mounting height in public lighting installations were derived from the analysis of a large sample of outputs generated with a widely used software application for lighting design. These new relationships greatly facilitate the calculation of basic lighting installation parameters. The results obtained are also based on maximal energy efficiency and illuminance uniformity as a premise, which are not included in more conventional methods. However, these factors are crucial since they ensure the sustainability of the installations. This research formulated, applied and analysed these new equations. The results of this study highlight their usefulness in rapid planning and urban planning in developing countries or areas affected by natural disasters where engineering facilities and computer applications for this purpose are often unavailable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2016
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40. CARMENES: Calar Alto high-resolution search for M dwarfs with exo-earths with a near-infrared Echelle spectrograph

Author

Quirrenbach, A., primary, Amado, P. J., additional, Mandel, H., additional, Caballero, J. A., additional, Mundt, R., additional, Ribas, I., additional, Reiners, A., additional, Abril, M., additional, Aceituno, J., additional, Afonso, C., additional, Barrado y Navascues, D., additional, Bean, J. L., additional, Béjar, V. J. S., additional, Becerril, S., additional, Böhm, A., additional, Cárdenas, M. C., additional, Claret, A., additional, Colomé, J., additional, Costillo, L. P., additional, Dreizler, S., additional, Fernández, M., additional, Francisco, X., additional, Galadí, D., additional, Garrido, R., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Guàrdia, J., additional, Guenther, E. W., additional, Gutiérrez-Soto, F., additional, Joergens, V., additional, Hatzes, A. P., additional, Helmling, J., additional, Henning, T., additional, Herrero, E., additional, Kürster, M., additional, Laun, W., additional, Lenzen, R., additional, Mall, U., additional, Martin, E. L., additional, Martín-Ruiz, S., additional, Mirabet, E., additional, Montes, D., additional, Morales, J. C., additional, Morales Muñoz, R., additional, Moya, A., additional, Naranjo, V., additional, Rabaza, O., additional, Ramón, A., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Rodler, F., additional, Rodríguez, E., additional, Rodríguez Trinidad, A., additional, Rohloff, R. R., additional, Sánchez Carrasco, M. A., additional, Schmidt, C., additional, Seifert, W., additional, Setiawan, J., additional, Solano, E., additional, Stahl, O., additional, Storz, C., additional, Suárez, J. C., additional, Thiele, U., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Wiedemann, G., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, del Burgo, C., additional, Sánchez-Blanco, E., additional, and Xu, W., additional

Published
2010
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43. Towards the generation of distributed electric power: self-consumption with net balance.

Author

Molero-Mesa, E., Peña-García, A., Gömez-Lorente, D., Rabaza, O., Arán-Carrión, J., and Espín-Estrella, A.

Subjects
PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems, PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation, ELECTRIC power distribution, ENERGY consumption, SUSTAINABILITY
Abstract

The results and considerations on one self-consumption photovoltaic installation with net balance in Granada (South of Spain) are presented and discussed in this paper. The use of the building (one faculty) makes it optimal for this kind of consumption. Finally, the potential benefits and problems of self-consumption with net balance are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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44. Comparison of Control Strategies of Wind Turbines with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator.

Author

Mercado-Vargas, M. J., Gómez-Lorente, D., Rabaza, O., and Alameda-Hernandez, E.

Subjects
WIND turbines, WIND power, PERMANENT magnets, ELECTRIC generators, SMART power grids
Abstract

This paper studies the behaviour of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator connected to the grid, under different control strategies, in the presence of a wind fluctuation or a grid disturbance. These control strategies applied to the generator-side converter include rotor speed, torque and generator power control. The low-voltage ride-through capability of the wind turbine is also evaluated. MATLAB/Simulink has been used for the simulations and the results show that generator power control strategy combined with the pitch angle control strategy, that activates when the rotational speed is overrated, provide the best performance in power stability studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

46. Two temperate Earth-mass planet candidates around Teegarden’s Star

Author

Zechmeister, M., Dreizler, S., Ribas, I., Reiners, A., Caballero, J. A., Bauer, F. F., Béjar, V. J. S., González-Cuesta, L., Herrero, E., Lalitha, S., López-González, M. J., Luque, R., Morales, J. C., Pallé, E., Rodríguez, E., Rodríguez López, C., Tal-Or, L., Anglada-Escudé, G., Quirrenbach, A., Amado, P. J., Abril, M., Aceituno, F. J., Aceituno, J., Alonso-Floriano, F. J., Ammler-von Eiff, M., Antona Jiménez, R., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arroyo-Torres, B., Azzaro, M., Baroch, D., Barrado, D., Becerril, S., Benítez, D., Berdiñas, Z. M., Bergond, G., Bluhm, P., Brinkmöller, M., del Burgo, C., Calvo Ortega, R., Cano, J., Cardona Guillén, C., Carro, J., Cárdenas Vázquez, M. C., Casal, E., Casasayas-Barris, N., Casanova, V., Chaturvedi, P., Cifuentes, C., Claret, A., Colomé, J., Cortés-Contreras, M., Czesla, S., Díez-Alonso, E., Dorda, R., Fernández, M., Fernández-Martín, A., Fuhrmeister, B., Fukui, A., Galadí-Enríquez, D., Gallardo Cava, I., Garcia de la Fuente, J., Garcia-Piquer, A., García Vargas, M. L., Gesa, L., Góngora Rueda, J., González-Álvarez, E., González Hernández, J. I., González-Peinado, R., Grözinger, U., Guàrdia, J., Guijarro, A., de Guindos, E., Hatzes, A. P., Hauschildt, P. H., Hedrosa, R. P., Helmling, J., Henning, T., Hermelo, I., Hernández Arabi, R., Hernández Castaño, L., Hernández Otero, F., Hintz, D., Huke, P., Huber, A., Jeffers, S. V., Johnson, E. N., de Juan, E., Kaminski, A., Kemmer, J., Kim, M., Klahr, H., Klein, R., Klüter, J., Klutsch, A., Kossakowski, D., Kürster, M., Labarga, F., Lafarga, M., Llamas, M., Lampón, M., Lara, L. M., Launhardt, R., Lázaro, F. J., Lodieu, N., López del Fresno, M., López-Puertas, M., López Salas, J. F., López-Santiago, J., Magán Madinabeitia, H., Mall, U., Mancini, L., Mandel, H., Marfil, E., Marín Molina, J. A., Maroto Fernández, D., Martín, E. L., Martín-Fernández, P., Martín-Ruiz, S., Marvin, C. J., Mirabet, E., Montañés-Rodríguez, P., Montes, D., Moreno-Raya, M. E., Nagel, E., Naranjo, V., Narita, N., Nortmann, L., Nowak, G., Ofir, A., Oshagh, M., Panduro, J., Parviainen, H., Pascual, J., Passegger, V. M., Pavlov, A., Pedraz, S., Pérez-Calpena, A., Pérez Medialdea, D., Perger, M., Perryman, M. A. C., Rabaza, O., Ramón Ballesta, A., Rebolo, R., Redondo, P., Reffert, S., Reinhardt, S., Rhode, P., Rix, H.-W., Rodler, F., Rodríguez Trinidad, A., Rosich, A., Sadegi, S., Sánchez-Blanco, E., Sánchez Carrasco, M. A., Sánchez-López, A., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarkis, P., Sarmiento, L. F., Schäfer, S., Schmitt, J. H. M. M., Schöfer, P., Schweitzer, A., Seifert, W., Shulyak, D., Solano, E., Sota, A., Stahl, O., Stock, S., Strachan, J. B. P., Stuber, T., Stürmer, J., Suárez, J. C., Tabernero, H. M., Tala Pinto, M., Trifonov, T., Veredas, G., Vico Linares, J. I., Vilardell, F., Wagner, K., Wolthoff, V., Xu, W., Yan, F., and Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

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47. A giant exoplanet orbiting a very-low-mass star challenges planet formation models

Author

Jesus M. Carro, A. Guijarro, F. Hernández Otero, Javier López-Santiago, E. Mirabet, Eduardo L. Martín, Hugo M. Tabernero, H. Martínez-Rodríguez, Antonio Claret, Martin Kürster, Florian Rodler, Birgit Fuhrmeister, M. Llamas, Z. M. Berdiñas, Thomas Henning, A. Rosich, Otmar Stahl, Guillem Anglada-Escudé, Luigi Mancini, E. W. Guenther, P. Huke, L. González-Cuesta, Ralf Launhardt, F. F. Bauer, Ignasi Ribas, D. Baroch, E. N. Johnson, M. Lafarga, Grzegorz Nowak, Priyanka Chaturvedi, M. Ammler-von Eiff, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, V. Wolthoff, E. Rodriguez, L. F. Sarmiento, E. Sánchez-Blanco, Luisa Lara, C. del Burgo, M. López del Fresno, Artie P. Hatzes, S. Lalitha, M. Kehr, Simon Tulloch, F. J. Lázaro, D. Montes, J. Klüter, Melvyn B. Davies, F. J. Aceituno, S. Martin-Ruiz, R. González-Peinado, Juan Luis Cano, Francesc Vilardell, Aviv Ofir, F. J. Abellán, J. Colomé, C. Cardona Guillén, Mathias Zechmeister, Urs Mall, D. Hintz, Richard P. Nelson, I. M. Ferro, V. M. Passegger, M. Cortés-Contreras, P. Martín-Fernández, M. Brinkmöller, Evangelos Nagel, Michael Perryman, Ovidio Rabaza, Jose Antonio Pascual, A. Kaminski, M. Perger, Gilles Bergond, D. Pérez Medialdea, Remo Burn, J. I. González Hernández, B. Arroyo-Torres, Rafael Luque, Martin Schlecker, Armin Huber, A. Fernández-Martín, M. J. López-González, S. Sabotta, G. Veredas, A. Ramón Ballesta, E. González-Álvarez, Fei Yan, Holger Mandel, J. Kemmer, J. I. Vico-Linares, S. Becerril-Jarque, Jorge Sanz-Forcada, Paula Sarkis, R. P. Hedrosa, Rafael Rebolo, J. Stürmer, A. Sánchez-López, Trifon Trifonov, F. Labarga, Jürgen H. M. M. Schmitt, Núria Casasayas-Barris, Alexandre Emsenhuber, Sebastian Schafer, J. A. Marín Molina, Alexander J. Mustill, Anders Johansen, H. Magán Madinabeitia, Hubert Klahr, F. J. Alonso-Floriano, S. V. Jeffers, I. Gallardo Cava, E. de Juan, Andreas Schweitzer, Peter H. Hauschildt, Ricardo Dorda, P. Redondo, M. Azzaro, M. Salz, M. Abril, Juan Carlos Suárez, Hans-Walter Rix, Carlos Cifuentes, Walter Seifert, M. L. García Vargas, Pedro J. Amado, J. Winkler, R. Hernández Arabí, S. Sadegi, I. Hermelo, A. Rodríguez Trinidad, G. Holgado, Karl Wagner, Vianak Naranjo, S. Czesla, M. Kim, D. Benítez, Sabine Reffert, A. Pavlov, Lluis Gesa, Nicolas Lodieu, Lisa Nortmann, D. Galadí-Enríquez, A. Moya, Andreas Quirrenbach, Jose A. Caballero, J. Aceituno, Enrique Herrero, Juan Carlos Morales, E. Casal, Emilio Marfil, Enrique Solano, Diana Kossakowski, E. Díez-Alonso, J.-L. Lizon, J. F. López Salas, M. Lampón, M. C. Cárdenas, P. Schöfer, Ansgar Reiners, R. Calvo-Ortega, T. Stuber, R. Antona, A. Garcia-Piquer, Lev Tal-Or, N. Labiche, Alfredo Sota, Ana Pérez-Calpena, David Barrado, Enric Palle, Stefan Dreizler, Cristina Rodríguez-López, Víctor J. S. Béjar, S. Stock, M. Fernandez, Chris Mordasini, E. de Guindos, S. Pedraz, H.-J. Hagen, Jaime Guardia, A. Klutsch, M. A. Sánchez Carrasco, Christopher Marvin, V. Casanova, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Centros de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, INSTITUTO DE ASTROFISICA DE ANDALUCIA (IAA), SEV-2017-0709, Morales, J. C. [0000-0003-0061-518X], Mustill, A. J. [0000-0002-2086-3642], Ribas, I. [0000-0002-6689-0312], Davies, M. B. [0000-0001-6080-1190], Bauer, F. F. [0000-0003-1212-5225], Herrrero, E. [0000-0001-8602-6639], Rodríguez, E. [0000-0001-6827-9077], López González, M. J. [0000-0001-8104-5128], Rodríguez López, C. [0000-0001-5559-7850], Guenther, E. W. [0000-0002-9130-6747], López Santiago, J. [0000-0003-2402-8166], Kaminski, A. [0000-0003-0203-8208], Montes, D. [0000-0002-7779-238X], Baroch, D. [0000-0001-7568-5161], Alonso Floriano, F. J. [0000-0003-1202-5734], Ammler-von Eiff, M. [0000-0001-9565-1698], Anglada Escudé, G. [0000-0002-3645-5977], Barrado, D. [0000-0002-5971-9242], Becerril Jarque, S. [0000-0001-9009-1150], Díez Alonso, E. [0000-0002-5826-9892], Passegger, V. M. [0000-0002-8569-7243], Bergond, G. [0000-0003-3132-9215], Burn, R. [0000-0002-9020-7309], García Vargas, M. L. [0000-0002-2058-3528], Amado, P. J. [0000-0002-8388-6040], Cano, J. [0000-0003-1984-5401], Cardona Guillén, C. [0000-0002-2198-4200], Carro, J. [0000-0002-0838-3603], Abellán, F. J. [0000-0002-5724-1636], Chaturvedi, P. [0000-0002-1887-1192], Sabotta, S. [0000-0001-9078-5574], Cifuentes, C. [0000-0003-1715-5087], Colomé, J. [0000-0002-1678-2241], Arroyo Torres, B. [0000-0002-3392-4694], Emsenhuber, A. [0000-0002-8811-1914], Fuhrmeister, B. [0000-0001-8321-5514], Berdiñas, Z. M. [0000-0002-6057-6461], González Álvarez, E. [0000-0002-4820-2053], González Hernández, J. I. [0000-0002-0264-7356], Calvo Ortega, R. [0000-0003-3693-6030], Guàrdia, J. [0000-0002-7191-9001], Guijarro, A. [0000-0001-5518-1759], Lara, L. M. [0000-0002-7184-920X], Casasayas Barris, N. [0000-0002-2891-8222], Hermelo, I. [0000-0001-9178-694X], Hintz, D. [0000-0002-5274-2589], López del Fresno, M. [0000-0002-9479-7780], Czesla, S. [0000-0002-4203-4773], Johnson, E. [0000-0003-2260-5134], De Juan Fernández, E. [0000-0002-9382-4505], Kehr, M. [0000-0002-7420-7368], Galadí Enríquez, D. [0000-0003-4946-5653], Klüter, J. [0000-0002-3469-5133], González Cuesta, L. [0000-0002-1241-5508], Klutsch, A. [0000-0001-7869-3888], Labarga, F. [0000-0002-7143-0206], González Peinado, R. [0000-0002-6658-8930], Launhardt, R. [0000-0002-8298-2663], Lizon, J. L. [0000-0001-8928-2566], De Guindos, E. [0000-0002-8124-9101], Magan Madinabeitia, H. [0000-0003-1243-4597], Manici, L. [0000-0002-9428-8732], Huke, P. [0000-0001-5913-2743], Marín Molina, J. A. [0000-0002-3525-0806], Martín, E. [0000-0002-1208-4833], Rabaza, O. [0000-0003-2766-2103], Kim, M. [0000-0001-6218-2004], Martínez Rodríguez, H. [0000-0002-1919-228X], Marvin, C. J. [0000-0002-2249-2611], Rodríguez Trinidad, A. [0000-0002-3356-8634], Lampón, M. [0000-0002-0183-7158], Naranjo, V. [0000-0003-0097-1061], Nelson, R. [0000-0002-9687-8779], Nortmann, L. [0000-0001-8419-8760], Lodieu, N. [0000-0002-3612-8968], Ofir, A. [0000-0002-9152-5042], Aceituno, F. J. [0000-0001-8074-4760], Pascual Granado, J. [0000-0003-0139-6951], Pedraz, S. [0000-0003-1346-208X], Marfil, E. [0000-0001-8907-4775], Ramón Ballesta, A. [0000-0002-4323-0610], Redondo, P. G. [0000-0001-5992-5778], Martín Ruiz, S. [0000-0002-9006-7182], Sadegi, S. [0000-0001-9897-6121], Sánchez Carrasco, M. A. [0000-0001-5533-3660], Moya, A. [0000-0003-1665-5389], Sanz Forcada, J. [0000-0002-1600-7835], Sarkis, P. [0000-0001-8128-3126], Vilardell, F. [0000-0003-0441-1504], Nowak, G. [0000-0002-7031-7754], Schäfer, S. [0000-0001-8597-8048], Schlecker, M. [0000-0001-8355-2107], Béjar, V. J. S. [0000-0002-5086-4232], Pérez Calpena, A. [0000-0001-7361-9240], Schöfer, P. [0000-0002-5969-3708], Solano, E. [0000-0003-1885-5130], Sota, A. [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9404-6952], Rodler, F. [0000-0003-0650-5723], Stuber, T. [0000-0003-2185-0525], García Piquer, A. [0000-0002-6872-4262], Suárez, J. C. [0000-0003-3649-8384], Tabernero, H. [0000-0002-8087-4298], Sánchez López, A. [0000-0002-0516-7956], Winkler, J. [0000-0003-0568-8820], Yan, F. [0000-0001-9585-9034], Sarmiento, L. F. [0000-0002-8475-9705], Luque, R. [0000-0002-4671-2957], Perger, M. [0000-0001-7098-0372], Schmitt, J. H. M. M. [0000-0003-2554-9916], Klahr, H. [0000-0002-8227-5467], Mordasini, C. [0000-0002-1013-2811], Aceituno, J. [0000-0003-0487-1105], Stock, S. [0000-0002-1166-9338], Cortés Contreras, M. [0000-0003-3734-9866], Lafarga, M. [0000-0002-8815-9416], Nagel, E. [0000-0002-4019-3631], Tulloch, S. [0000-0003-0840-8521], Reffert, S. [0000-0002-0460-8289], Rosich, A. [0000-0002-9141-3067], Trifonov, T. [0000-0002-0236-775X], Zapatero Osorio, M. R. [0000-0001-5664-2852], Israel Science Foundation (ISF), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT), Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (MIUR), European Research Council (ERC), Generalitat de Catalunya, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Queen Mary University of London, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Israel Science Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, European Research Council, German Research Foundation, National Science Foundation (US), Swiss National Science Foundation, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Spanish Ministry for Science, Ramón y Cajal programa, Israel Science Foundation grant, CONICYT-FONDECYT/Chile Postdoctorado, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-un Raumfahrt (DLR), Italian Minister of Instruction, Mexican national council for science and technology, Centro de Excelencia Científica Severo Ochoa Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC, German Science Foundation (DFG) Research Unit, Priority Programs SPP, Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets, Swiss National Science Foundation under grant, Queen Mary University of London Scholarship and STFC, Spanish MCIU FPI-SO predoctoral contract, and European Research Council under the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gas giant, 530 Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Minimum mass, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Multidisciplinary, 520 Astronomy, Giant planet, Astronomy, Planetary system, 620 Engineering, Accretion (astrophysics), Exoplanet, Orbit, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. We report the discovery of a giant planet around the very-low-mass star GJ 3512, as determined by optical and near-infrared radial-velocity observations. The planet has a minimum mass of 0.46 Jupiter masses, very high for such a small host star, and an eccentric 204-day orbit. Dynamical models show that the high eccentricity is most likely due to planet-planet interactions. We use simulations to demonstrate that the GJ 3512 planetary system challenges generally accepted formation theories, and that it puts constraints on the planet accretion and migration rates. Disk instabilities may be more efficient in forming planets than previously thought.Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science, This research was supported by the following programs, grants, and fellowships: Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU) ESP2014-54062-R, ESP2014-54362P, AYA2015-69350-C3-2-P, BES-2015-074542, AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, ESP2016-76076-R, ESP2016-80435-C2-1-R, ESP2016-80435-C2-2-R, ESP2017-87143-R, ESP2017-87676-C05-02-R, ESP-2017-87676-2-2, RYC-2012-09913 (>Ramon y Cajal> program), and FPU15/01476; Israel Science Foundation grant 848/16, CONICYT-FONDECYT/Chile Postdoctorado 3180405; Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-un Raumfahrt (DLR) 50OW0204 and 50OO1501; Italian Minister of Instruction, University and Research (MIUR), FFABR 2017; University of Rome Tor Vergata, >Mission: Sustainability 2016> fund; European Research Council under the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program 694513; Mexican national council for science and technology CONACYT, CVU 448248; the >Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa> award for the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709); Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA program; Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional (FEDER); German Science Foundation (DFG) Research Unit FOR2544 >Blue Planets around Red Stars> and Priority Programs SPP 1833, >Building a Habitable Earth> and SPP 1992, >Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets> NSF grants PHY17-48958 and PHY-1607761; Swiss National Science Foundation under grant BSGIO_155816 >PlaneltsInTime' and within the framework of the NCCR PlanetS; Queen Mary University of London Scholarship and STFC Consolidated Grant ST/P000592/1; Spanish MCIU FPI-SO predoctoral contract BES-2017-082610 and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.

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48. Design of a Surface Plasmon Resonance CO Sensor.

Author

Pérez-Ocón F, Pozo AM, Cortina J, and Rabaza O

Subjects
Refractometry, Surface Plasmon Resonance
Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a highly toxic gas, which can cause death if it is inhaled in small quantities for a long time or in large quantities for a short time. Since this gas can be lethal, it is essential to detect it from minute to large concentrations. Our study consists of the design of a superficial plasmonic resonance (SPR) CO sensor of tiny dimensions which is capable of giving an immediate response at different concentrations. It is designed to work at different heights above sea level since the refractive index of this gas depends on a mixture with air and the air pressure. Due to its low weight and tiny dimensions, it is ideal for space travel or on airplanes. The results show a high resolution and sensitivity (~10 -5 RIU of resolution and a sensitivity of 13.51-81.26 RIU -1 ).

Published
2022
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49. A Continuous Liquid-Level Sensor for Fuel Tanks Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Author

Pozo AM, Pérez-Ocón F, and Rabaza O

Abstract

A standard problem in large tanks at oil refineries and petrol stations is that water and fuel usually occupy the same tank. This is undesirable and causes problems such as corrosion in the tanks. Normally, the water level in tanks is unknown, with the problems that this entails. We propose herein a method based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to detect in real time the interfaces in a tank which can simultaneously contain water, gasoline (or diesel) and air. The plasmonic sensor is composed of a hemispherical glass prism, a magnesium fluoride layer, and a gold layer. We have optimized the structural parameters of the sensor from the theoretical modeling of the reflectance curve. The sensor detects water-fuel and fuel-air interfaces and measures the level of each liquid in real time. This sensor is recommended for inflammable liquids because inside the tank there are no electrical or electronic signals which could cause explosions. The sensor proposed has a sensitivity of between 1.2 and 3.5 RIU(-1) and a resolution of between 5.7 × 10(-4) and 16.5 × 10(-4) RIU.

Published
2016
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