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26 mei 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, Sensorimotor integration processes play a central role in daily life and require that different sources of sensory information become integrated: i.e. the information related to the object being under control of the agent (i.e. indicator) and the information about the goal of acting. Yet, how this is accomplished on a neurophysiological level is contentious. We focus on the role of theta- and beta-band activities and examine which neuroanatomical structures are involved. Healthy participants (n = 41) performed 3 consecutive pursuit-tracking EEG experiments in which the source of visual information available for tracking was varied (i.e. that of the indicator and the goal of acting). The initial specification of indicator dynamics is determined through beta-band activity in parietal cortices. When information about the goal was not accessible, but operating the indicator was required nevertheless, this incurred increased theta-band activity in the superior frontal cortex, signaling a higher need for control. Later, theta- and beta-band activities encode distinct information within the ventral processing stream: Theta-band activity is affected by the indicator information, while beta-band activity is affected by the information about the action goal. Complex sensorimotor integration is realized through a cascade of theta- and beta-band activities in a ventral-stream-parieto-frontal network.

Elranatamab is a humanized B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-CD3 bispecific antibody. In the ongoing phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial, patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma received subcutaneous elranatamab once weekly after two step-up priming doses. After six cycles, persistent responders switched to biweekly dosing. Results from cohort A, which enrolled patients without prior BCMA-directed therapy (n = 123) are reported. The primary endpoint of confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by blinded independent central review was met with an ORR of 61.0% (75/123); 35.0% ≥complete response. Fifty responders switched to biweekly dosing, and 40 (80.0%) improved or maintained their response for ≥6 months. With a median follow-up of 14.7 months, median duration of response, progression-free survival and overall survival (secondary endpoints) have not been reached. Fifteen-month rates were 71.5%, 50.9% and 56.7%, respectively. Common adverse events (any grade; grade 3-4) included infections (69.9%, 39.8%), cytokine release syndrome (57.7%, 0%), anemia (48.8%, 37.4%), and neutropenia (48.8%, 48.8%). With biweekly dosing, grade 3-4 adverse events decreased from 58.6% to 46.6%. Elranatamab induced deep and durable responses with a manageable safety profile. Switching to biweekly dosing may improve long-term safety without compromising efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04649359 .

25 januari 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, In daily life, sensorimotor integration processes are fundamental for many cognitive operations. The pursuit-tracking paradigm is an ecological and valid paradigm to examine sensorimotor integration processes in a more complex environment than many established tasks that assess simple motor responses. However, the analysis of pursuit-tracking performance is complicated, and parameters quantified to examine performance are sometimes ambiguous regarding their interpretation. We introduce an open-source algorithm (TRACK) to calculate a new tracking error metric, the spatial error, based on the identification of the intended target position for the respective cursor position. The identification is based on assigning cursor and target direction changes to each other as key events, based on the assumptions of similarity and proximity. By applying our algorithm to pursuit-tracking data, beyond replication of known effects such as learning or practice effects, we show a higher precision of the spatial tracking error, i.e., it fits our behavioral data better than the temporal tracking error and thus provides new insights and parameters for the investigation of pursuit-tracking behavior. Our work provides an important step towards fully utilizing the potential of pursuit-tracking tasks for research on sensorimotor integration processes.

Item does not contain fulltext, Monitoring actions is essential for goal-directed behavior. However, as opposed to short-lasting, and regularly reinstating monitoring functions, the neural processes underlying continuous action monitoring are poorly understood. We investigate this using a pursuit-tracking paradigm. We show that beta band activity likely maintains the sensorimotor program, while theta and alpha bands probably support attentional sampling and information gating, respectively. Alpha and beta band activity are most relevant during the initial tracking period, when sensorimotor calibrations are most intense. Theta band shifts from parietal to frontal cortices throughout tracking, likely reflecting a shift in the functional relevance from attentional sampling to action monitoring. This study shows that resource allocation mechanisms in prefrontal areas and stimulus-response mapping processes in the parietal cortex are crucial for adapting sensorimotor processes. It fills a knowledge gap in understanding the neural processes underlying action monitoring and suggests new directions for examining sensorimotor integration in more naturalistic experiments.

Synthetic fuels can help drive forward the defossilization of the transport sector. These fuels are a particularly promising option for high transport volumes or for long distances, for example in aviation and shipping or to some extent in heavy goods transport.In the future, fuels produced on the basis of electricity from renewable energies should make a decisive contribution to improving the CO2 balance and achieving climate neutrality in the transport sector. Research is therefore focusing on the interface between the energy and transport sectors.As part of the BMWK's (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz) Energy Transition in Transport (Energiewende im Verkehr) research initiative, a total of 16 industry-led R&D projects significantly advanced the development of synthetic fuels for air, sea and road transport between 2018 and 2023. The projects looked at a variety of different fuels, production processes and applications. The task of the "Begleitforschung Energiewende im Verkehr" (BEniVer), as one of the 16 EiV projects, was to make the project results of the technical research projects of the funding initiative comparable on the basis of independent scientific analyses. Standardized framework assumptions and methodological guidelines were developed for this purpose.The results of the research projects were summarized in an overall assessment and served as the basis for technical, economic and ecological evaluations. The technology-oriented bottom-up analyses were based on the latest research. These were combined with system-oriented top-down analyses of the energy and transport system as well as possible transformation paths on the way to climate neutrality. Further analyses on acceptance and market introduction also address the social dimensions and effects of the introduction of electricity-based fuels.Conclusions were drawn on the basis of the holistic analyses. As a result of the many years of interdisciplinary support for the E

Synthetic fuels can help drive forward the defossilization of the transport sector. These fuels are a particularly promising option for high transport volumes or for long distances, for example in aviation and shipping or to some extent in heavy goods transport.In the future, fuels produced on the basis of electricity from renewable energies should make a decisive contribution to improving the CO2 balance and achieving climate neutrality in the transport sector. Research is therefore focusing on the interface between the energy and transport sectors.As part of the BMWK's (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz) Energy Transition in Transport (Energiewende im Verkehr) research initiative, a total of 16 industry-led R&D projects significantly advanced the development of synthetic fuels for air, sea and road transport between 2018 and 2023. The projects looked at a variety of different fuels, production processes and applications. The task of the "Begleitforschung Energiewende im Verkehr" (BEniVer), as one of the 16 EiV projects, was to make the project results of the technical research projects of the funding initiative comparable on the basis of independent scientific analyses. Standardized framework assumptions and methodological guidelines were developed for this purpose.The results of the research projects were summarized in an overall assessment and served as the basis for technical, economic and ecological evaluations. The technology-oriented bottom-up analyses were based on the latest research. These were combined with system-oriented top-down analyses of the energy and transport system as well as possible transformation paths on the way to climate neutrality. Further analyses on acceptance and market introduction also address the social dimensions and effects of the introduction of electricity-based fuels.Conclusions were drawn on the basis of the holistic analyses. As a result of the many years of interdisciplinary support for the E