Raúl Mancilla-Villa, Oscar, Noemy Anzaldo-Cortes, Blanca, Darío Guevara-Gutiérrez, Rubén, Hernández-Vargas, Omar, Manuel Ortega-Escobar, Héctor, Flores-Magdaleno, Héctor, Can-Chulim, Álvaro, Luis Olguín-Lopez, José, Mendoza-Saldivar, Isabel, Iván Sánchez-Bernal, Edgar, Cruz-Crespo, Elia, and Arturo Barreto-García, Oscar
The high concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater used for irrigation have the potential of causing physiological damage in agricultural crops, as well as reducing the quality and yield of harvests. Furthermore, there are effects on human health due to the consumption of contaminated products. The objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of Cd, Hg, Pb, As and B in the groundwater for agricultural use in the municipalities of Autlán de Navarro and Zocoalco de Torres, Jalisco, Mexico, both with high agricultural activity. The study was conducted from February to April and from August to November of 2017, and 24 samples of groundwater were analyzed per season. The evaluations were as follows: potential of hydrogen (pH) and electric conductivity (C.E.); quantification of the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and the metalloid arsenic (As); content of boron (B) in the groundwater given its nutrimental and toxic importance. The heavy metals were determined by atomic emission spectrometry and the concentrations found were compared with the guidelines of the NOM-001-ECOL-1996. On the average, electric conductivity was 665 mS cm-1 and the pH 7.7, values that do not represent restriction with respect to the use of agricultural irrigation water. In the heavy metals, the Hg exceeded in 100% of the samples the maximum limits established with an average concentration of 0.14 mg L-1, the metalloid As exceeded in 16% of the samples the maximum limit with an average concentration of 0.13 mg L-1, but Cd, Pb and B did not surpass the values established as permissible limit for the use of water in agricultural irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]