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The present manuscript aims to analyze the social conflict regarding the capture of the black-bellied whistling duck in the Extractive Marine Reserve of Tracuateua on the coast of Pará. This practice is known locally as "duck fishing". A case study was conducted in three communities located in the area surrounding the reserve, through interviews (non-directive and semi-structured) and direct observations. The social conflict is related to divergent opinions, interests and needs regarding the use of common resources. The analysis indicates that the conflict is at a high level of escalation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]