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Understanding the financial reports of colleges and universities has long been a problem because of the lack of comparability of the data presented. Recently, there has been a move to agree on uniform standards for financial accounting and reporting for the field of higher education. In addition to comparable data, the efforts to make financial reports more understandable require the use of other kinds of statistical data which, when related to financial data, make interpretation, analysis, and understanding of financial data easier to achieve. It must, at all times, be remembered that an educational institution does not have the same characteristics as a business enterprise. Financial statements must be written in language understandable to the lay person, and must take into account that the institutions employ three major resources: money, people, and facilities. These resources have meaning in relation to the primary functions of the institution: instruction, research, and public service. Finally, financial data should be reported in absolute and relative terms, i.e., a year-end balance sheet with the totals of revenues and expenditures; and a comparison with a standard, norm, guideline, forecast, prior year, or other point of reference. The use of relationships in analysis and interpretation of the data enables the reader to judge the relative financial health of the institution. (JMF)

An automated method to determine binding sites on proteins for potential ligands is presented. This method can exploit large number of structures that may evolve from structural genomics.

Higher Education has experienced limited growth in recent years. Institutions, state commissions on higher education, and legislatures are faced with the prospect of providing educational services under steady-state conditions. Decisionmakers need to consider alternative means of providing educational services within resources available to the institution. Questions about the costs of these alternative means have become of critical significance. One important finding of costing studies conducted by the National Association of College and University Business Officers is that average historical full-cost per unit of service, representing the cost of past activities, is not a valid tool for projecting the cost of alternative courses of action. Historical or past cost only serves as a reference for making projections. Administrators wishing to project economic results must consider changes in conditions existing within the institution as well as changes in the environment that may affect the future use of institutional resources. This report describes the process of analyzing the behavior of costs and revenues in higher education. It is addressed to a broad cross-section of those involved in higher education, from the president, provost, business officer, and other senior administrators to governing boards, legislators, state commissions on higher education, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and others responsible for allocating resources. (Author/MSE)

Examines the ligand binding sites of proteins. Importance of identifying ligand binding sites in drug discovery; Minimization of ligand protein interaction energy; Employment of nonbonding energy function to various protein-ligand complexes.