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In addition to "classic" and eosinophilic subtype, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is well-known to demonstrate various morphological patterns including adenomatoid, microcystic, pigmented, multicystic, papillary, neuroendocrine-like, and small cell-like, all of which are important to appreciate for accurate diagnosis. Herein, we expand on a unique chromophobe RCC morphology not previously described consisting of tumor cells with extensive stromal retraction, mimicking upper urothelial tract micropapillary carcinoma (MPC). Twelve MPC-like chromophobe RCC nephrectomies were reviewed with clinicopathological features recorded; molecular testing was performed on 7 of 12 tumors. Patients were mostly men (n=10) with a mean age of 65 years. Mean tumor size was 6.4 cm with pathological stage distribution as follows: 4 (33%) T1a, 2 (17%) T1b, 1 (8%) T2b, and 3 (25%) T3a. The extent of MPC-like chromophobe RCC foci ranged from 10% to 40% (mean=26%; there was no correlation between the extent of MPC-like chromophobe RCC foci and tumor stage). Other chromophobe RCC morphological patterns were not identified. When performed, all (100%) tumors depicted prototypic chromophobe RCC staining pattern of KIT positivity/KRT7 positivity. Molecular showed 6 of 7 (86%) with multiple chromosomal losses. Clinically significant mutations were identified in NF1, TP53, FLCN (likely somatic), CHEK2, and ZFHX3 genes. Follow up available in 9 patients showed no evidence of disease (mean=23 months). Although the etiology behind the extensive stromal retraction in our tumors is unknown, this may likely be artifactual in nature. Nonetheless, it is important to include MPC-like chromophobe RCC in the spectrum of "variant" morphologies to avoid diagnostic pitfalls from micropapillary carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Space closure is the most common treatment mechanic used in orthodontics in clinical practice. It can be done with friction and frictionless mechanics, and nowadays by using mini-implants. These mini-implants provide an absolute source of anchorage to obtain dental and soft tissue changes that are desired, thus helping to improve the patient's profile. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the stress distribution patterns in the tooth, bone, and periodontal ligament in mini-implants placed at different heights and angulations for retraction and intrusion of maxillary incisors using finite element model (FEM). Materials and Methods: FEMs of maxillary teeth and periodontal ligament housed in alveolar bone with the first premolars extracted were constructed. These models were further divided into two groups based on the number of implants. In group I, two implants were placed bilaterally between the second premolar and first molar at variable heights (7, 10, and 13 mm) and at different angulations (45° and 60°) to the long axis of the occlusal plane. In group II, along with the two bilateral mini-implants, an additional mid-implant was placed between two central incisors. These models were simulated using ANSYS 19.2 version software. Results: The maximum distribution of stress (MPa) in hard bone, soft bone, and implant was seen in the FEM 7 model and was 17.65, 0.210, and 61.62 MPa, respectively, during the retraction and intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth. The highest stress distribution (MPa) was seen in the lateral incisor tooth in FEM 7 model (0.748 MPa) and also in the periodontal ligament around the lateral incisor in FEM 7 model (0.684 MPa). Conclusion: The stress distribution was found to be highest in the lateral incisor tooth, periodontal ligament of the lateral incisor, and hard bone. The stress distribution pattern showed variation with different heights and angulations of the mini-implant. As the angle of insertion of the mini-implant to the long axis of the occlusal plane increases, the stresses generated in the bone decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To study the clinical status of contralateral ear in cases of unilateral CSOM. Introduction: In the medical field, understanding the clinical status of the contralateral ear in cases of unilateral Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is crucial for effective treatment. This study was conducted at Shri Maharaja Ghulab Singh Hospital in Jammu, India from November 2020 to October 2021, involving 105 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Materials and methods: A thorough examination was carried out, including taking a detailed history of symptoms such as hearing loss, discharge, vertigo, tinnitus, and pain. An ENT examination was conducted, assessing the pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, and ossicles. Otoendoscopic examination of the ear and diagnostic nasal endoscopy were also performed to rule out any nasal pathology. Results: Out of 105 patients in our study, 61 were females and 44 were males. The main presenting symptoms were ear discharge alone in 84 patients followed by associated hearing impairment in 15, and 6 patients had tinnitus. Among 105 patients, the duration of ear discharge from > 5 years was seen in 36 patients, followed by 1–2 years in 29 patients, 2–5 years in 22 patients, and from < 1 year in 18 patients. Ninety-five patients were diagnosed to have mucosal COM and 10 had active squamosal disease. Thirty-four patients had subtotal perforation of pars tensa in the ipsilateral diseased, 26 patients had medium-sized perforation, 18 patients had small-sized perforations, 12 had large perforation, 10 had attic perforation, and 5 had total perforation. Thirty-four patients had a normal tympanic membrane of the contralateral ear and abnormalities of contralateral tympanic membrane were seen in 71 patients. Eighty-eight patients had deviated nasal septum on DNE. Among 105 patients, PTA assessment showed that 103 patients had a conductive hearing loss in the diseased ipsilateral ear. B type tympanogram was found in 70 diseased ears and the contralateral ear of those patients showed A type tympanogram in 20 and B-type tympanogram in 50 ears. C type tympanogram was seen in 35 diseased ears and the contralateral ear of those patients showed A type tympanogram in 12 patients and C type tympanogram in 23 patients. Contralateral mastoid X-ray showed well pneumatization in 45 patients followed by diploic type of pneumatization in 55 patients and sclerotic mastoid in 5 patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the importance of considering both ears in the treatment of CSOM. It is crucial to educate patients about the potential bilateral effects of the disease for proper therapy planning. This study sheds light on the significance of examining the contralateral ear in patients with unilateral CSOM. Understanding the clinical status of both ears can lead to more comprehensive treatment strategies and better outcomes for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpolation of data on non-Euclidean spaces is an active research area fostered by its numerous applications. This work considers the Hermite interpolation problem: finding a sufficiently smooth manifold curve that interpolates a collection of data points on a Riemannian manifold while matching a prescribed derivative at each point. A novel procedure relying on the general concept of retractions is proposed to solve this problem on a large class of manifolds, including those for which computing the Riemannian exponential or logarithmic maps is not straightforward, such as the manifold of fixed-rank matrices. The well-posedness of the method is analyzed by introducing and showing the existence of retraction-convex sets, a generalization of geodesically convex sets. A classical result on the asymptotic interpolation error of Hermite interpolation is extended to the manifold setting. Finally numerical experiments on the manifold of fixed-rank matrices and the Stiefel manifold of matrices with orthonormal columns illustrate these results and the effectiveness of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retracted publications are an often-overlooked issue affecting the scientific community, and recent data confirms the overall number of retracted publications is rising. While this has previously been looked at within orthopaedic surgery, a contemporary understanding of retractions is required due to the rapid expansion in publications. Our study aimed to assess the retracted publications within clinical orthopaedic research to evaluate for characteristics and trends. A systematic review was conducted on December 14, 2023, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. There were 4 databases that were queried to identify retracted publications in clinical orthopaedics that assessed operative and nonoperative orthopaedic interventions (excluding basic science). Articles were independently screened by 2 reviewers; those meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated for various characteristics, including reasons for retraction based on Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines. There were 233 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were retracted between January 1, 1990, and December 14, 2023. Clinical orthopaedics represented 1.18% of all retracted publications identified through PubMed over this period. There were 87 articles that were retracted in 2023, up from 17 in 2022 (a 412% increase). Retracted studies were published in journals with 2022 impact factors up to 9.3, with an average of 3.1 (SD [standard deviation] 1.9). A total of 39.5% of the retracted studies were published in orthopaedic journals, and 60.9% of the retracted articles were published in exclusively open-access journals. The mean time from electronic publication to retraction was 2.1 years (SD 2.2). Retracted articles have been cited up to 180 times (mean 8.6; SD 20). Reasons for retraction included misconduct (45.9%), plagiarism (11.6%), redundant publication (11.6%), unethical research (10.3%), error (9.4%), and others (10.7%). The prevalence of retractions in the clinical orthopaedic literature is increasing. Clinical research is the basis for clinical practice guidelines, the gold standard for informing medical decision-making. Retractions may be one harbinger of lower-quality publications; researchers, institutions, and journals together play important roles in maintaining scientific integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly, scholarly journals have begun retracting published articles for reasons other than those described by advisory organizations such as the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Numerous research articles have been retracted of late due to political concerns. Additionally, some articles have been retracted for behavioral misconduct, which was also the subject of a recent COPE discussion forum. 'Behavioral misconduct' denotes harmful or immoral behavior of one or more authors that is unrelated to the article's findings or content. We investigated whether federally funded research scientists considered behavioral misconduct a valid reason for retracting published findings and whether the type of behavioral misconduct involved, the level of the expected scientific impact of the article in question, or the kind of editorial action taken affected their support of retraction. Of the 464 participants who took our survey, we found that researchers largely oppose retraction of a published article or removing an author when scientists commit behavioral misconduct, regardless of the type of misconduct involved. However, there was greater support for retraction when the misconduct was financial as compared to racial or sexual misconduct. Not surprisingly, researchers were more likely to use the published information in question in their own work when its impact was high. Future studies should investigate the extent to which these findings are moderated by researchers' editorial experience and other demographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to characterize retractions due to randomly generated content. A cross-sectional study was performed, using Retraction Watch database, Journal Citation Reports, Scopus, and journal official websites as data sources. Papers retracted up to 28 May 2024 with reasons related to randomly generated content were included. A total of 3540 retractions were identified. The first retraction was conducted in 2010, and the number of retractions per year escalated from 3 in 2010 to 2302 in 2023. The delay in retraction for papers published between 2020 and 2023 was shorter than that for those published prior to 2020 [2248 (1293, 2687) days vs. 387 (335, 516) days, P < 0.001]. The papers were distributed across the seven primary subject categories classified by the Retraction Watch database. Most retractions fell under the primary category of "business and technology" (2445/69.07%), with technology, computer science, and data science being the most susceptible specific fields. Hindawi published the majority of the retracted papers (68.98%), significantly more than other publishers combined. Of the top 20 journals with the most retractions, 19 were open access journals with a large volume of publications. Six of these 20 journals have ceased submissions and will stop publishing soon, while three have already ceased publication and no longer accept submissions. These retractions spanned 73 countries, with Asian countries making up a significant portion, particularly China (2827 papers, 79.86%) and India (556 papers, 15.71%). These results suggest that the number of retractions due to randomly generated content is on the rise, highlighting an urgent need to establish guidelines for the responsible and transparent use of AI tools and implement disciplinary measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is a scarcity of studies in which both alveolar bone remodeling and root resorption are simultaneously assessed and compared against possible influencing factors such as rate of retraction and change in inclination. The aim of our study was to assess the changes in the alveolar bone thickness and root length of the maxillary anterior teeth after retraction and correlate it to the potential influencing factors, namely rate of retraction and change in inclination. Subjects and Methods: Ten patients requiring upper premolar extraction as part of their treatment were included in the study. Alveolar bone and root length changes were measured using cone beam computed tomography and the rate of retraction and change in inclination were assessed using lateral cephalograms. Two readings: Preretraction and postretraction were taken. Statistical analysis was done using Paired rank t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation tests. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results and Conclusions: The labial alveolar bone thickness showed an increase, whereas the palatal and total alveolar bone thickness showed a decrease. Root resorption was observed in all teeth. Alveolar bone changes showed a positive correlation to the rate of retraction and a negative correlation to the change in inclination. The root length change showed a positive correlation to the change in inclination.

Abstract Aims and objectives To study the clinical status of contralateral ear in cases of unilateral CSOM. Introduction In the medical field, understanding the clinical status of the contralateral ear in cases of unilateral Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is crucial for effective treatment. This study was conducted at Shri Maharaja Ghulab Singh Hospital in Jammu, India from November 2020 to October 2021, involving 105 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Materials and methods A thorough examination was carried out, including taking a detailed history of symptoms such as hearing loss, discharge, vertigo, tinnitus, and pain. An ENT examination was conducted, assessing the pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane, and ossicles. Otoendoscopic examination of the ear and diagnostic nasal endoscopy were also performed to rule out any nasal pathology. Results Out of 105 patients in our study, 61 were females and 44 were males. The main presenting symptoms were ear discharge alone in 84 patients followed by associated hearing impairment in 15, and 6 patients had tinnitus. Among 105 patients, the duration of ear discharge from > 5 years was seen in 36 patients, followed by 1–2 years in 29 patients, 2–5 years in 22 patients, and from

Trustworthy literature is an essential part of knowledge, evidence-based information, and science. However, publications can contain mistakes or have results from unreliable research, which may compromise their integrity. In this review, we discuss publication integrity, with a focus on our field of biomedicine, and how it could be improved. In our experience, compromised publication integrity is frequently poorly handled, and we, and others, have reported that responses to publication integrity concerns can be inefficient, inconsistent, slow, opaque, and incomplete. Checklists and tools are now available to assist in the assessment of publication integrity, but systemic changes are needed. However, this requires many of the key parties involved (journals, publishers, institutions, academic societies, and regulators) to acknowledge and engage with the problem. There is little evidence of a willingness to do this. We conclude that it has been recognised for many years that the system for dealing with publication integrity is broken, but currently, there appears little interest in trying to improve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most tracheostomy scars are depressive and adherent to the underlying trachea, which causes up and down movement when swallowing. This tracheocutaneous tethering causes discomfort, pain, dysphagia, and bad appearance. A tracheocutaneous fistula may be accompanied. Here, we present a new method for reconstructing a tracheostomy scar deformity with tracheocutaneous tethering: layer-by-layer restoration of the anatomical structure with a subcutaneous fat tissue blanket. The scar tissue was fully excised, with the associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. The bilateral strap muscles around the scar were dissected proximally and distally and approximated to the midline, secured without tension. Bilateral platysma muscle flaps cover them firmly. The subcutaneous tissue around the incision margin, which included the superficial cervical fascia was elevated to form a fat blanket, closed transversely. The skin was closed after confirming the absence of retraction upon swallowing. From 2010 to 2018, 10 patients with tracheocutaneous tethering and one patient with tracheocutaneous fistula underwent surgery. All patients were functionally and aesthetically satisfied with the results. The only complication was a hypertrophic scar in one patient, which was managed with a triamcinolone injection. An anatomical layer-by-layer restoration with a fat blanket provided consistent, satisfying results for correcting tracheostomy scar deformities without using additional tissue. This simple method was effective for reconstructing tracheocutaneous tethering.

Retraction Notice (4th February 2025): The article by Sullins DP, Rosik CH and Santero P: ‘Efficacy and risk of sexual orientation change efforts: a retrospective analysis of 125 exposed men' ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51209.2) has been retracted from F1000Research by the F1000 Editorial Team. A previous version of this article published on F1000Research has also been retracted ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51209.1). After publication, concerns were raised to the F1000 Editorial Team regarding the data underlying this research. In accordance with F1000 policies, the F1000 Editorial Team investigated these concerns and conducted two independent external reviews. The reviews concluded that the methodology, and subsequent statistical analysis, employed by the study cannot support the conclusions around efficacy and effectiveness. Considering this, the F1000 Editorial Team has been unable to confirm the integrity of the study design and the article’s conclusions. Therefore, the F1000 Editorial Team no longer has confidence in the reported conclusions and has decided to retract the article. The authors listed in the publication have been informed. The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines.

ABSTRACT Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusions Clinical Significance To investigate the surface roughness on cementoenamel junction after application of various rubber‐dam retraction clamps for different durations.Fifty‐four extracted human molar teeth were used. Various retraction clamps were placed on the cementoenamel junction. There are three main examination groups in the study. Group 1 (n = 6) included a polymer clamp (SoftClamp, Kerr Hawe, Switzerland), Group 2 (n = 6) included a metal clamp with a flat edge (Black Line RDCM7X, Hu‐Friedy Group, USA), and Group 3 (n = 6) included a metal clamp with a serrated edge (Fiesta Color Coded, Coltene, USA). All clamps were applied for 30 min, 1, and 2 h. Surface roughness measurements were performed using a profilometer before and after the clamp application and surface morphology was assessed through the SEM images. One‐way ANOVA was used to compare three or more groups. Percentage changes were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by Dunn's test for post hoc analyses. The deemed significance was set at p < 0.05.Between the initial and the final roughness measurements, after 30 min of clamp application, only Group 3 showed significant increases in roughness (p = 0.001). After 1 and 2 h of clamp application, there were significant increases in roughness for all groups. No significant differences in percentage changes for all groups in 30 min and 2 h of application (p = 0.220 and p = 0.091, respectively). However, Group 1 presented significantly lower surface roughness in percentage after the 1 h of application (p = 0.040). No significant differences in the percentage changes in roughness were observed within the groups for 30 min, 1, and 2 h applications (p = 0.220, p = 0.884, and p = 0.755 for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). In SEM analysis, deep point microstructure defects were seen as the clamp application time increased.Rubber‐dam clamp application may cause damage to the cementoenamel junction area. However, the level of damage is clamp‐type‐dependent. Slight scratch‐type damages were observed on teeth with plastic clamps, while metal clamps generally caused cracks. The increase in the duration of the same rubber‐dam clamp application was not considered an effective factor regarding the damage.During rubber‐dam isolation, clamp type and duration of the application may cause damage to the tooth surface or progress an existing defect. Examining the teeth before selecting the clamp might be beneficial for minimizing dental tissue damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct search methods represent a robust and reliable class of algorithms for solving black-box optimization problems. In this paper, the application of those strategies is exported to Riemannian optimization, wherein minimization is to be performed with respect to variables restricted to lie on a manifold. More specifically, classic and linesearch extrapolated variants of direct search are considered, and tailored strategies are devised for the minimization of both smooth and nonsmooth functions, by making use of retractions. A class of direct search algorithms for minimizing nonsmooth objectives on a Riemannian manifold without having access to (sub)derivatives is analyzed for the first time in the literature. Along with convergence guarantees, a set of numerical performance illustrations on a standard set of problems is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most tracheostomy scars are depressive and adherent to the underlying trachea, which causes up and down movement when swallowing. This tracheocutaneous tethering causes discomfort, pain, dysphagia, and bad appearance. A tracheocutaneous fistula may be accompanied. Here, we present a new method for reconstructing a tracheostomy scar deformity with tracheocutaneous tethering: layer-by-layer restoration of the anatomical structure with a subcutaneous fat tissue blanket. The scar tissue was fully excised, with the associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. The bilateral strap muscles around the scar were dissected proximally and distally and approximated to the midline, secured without tension. Bilateral platysma muscle flaps cover them firmly. The subcutaneous tissue around the incision margin, which included the superficial cervical fascia was elevated to form a fat blanket, closed transversely. The skin was closed after confirming the absence of retraction upon swallowing. From 2010 to 2018, 10 patients with tracheocutaneous tethering and one patient with tracheocutaneous fistula underwent surgery. All patients were functionally and aesthetically satisfied with the results. The only complication was a hypertrophic scar in one patient, which was managed with a triamcinolone injection. An anatomical layer-by-layer restoration with a fat blanket provided consistent, satisfying results for correcting tracheostomy scar deformities without using additional tissue. This simple method was effective for reconstructing tracheocutaneous tethering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topological Dehn twists have several applications in mathematical sciences as well as in physical sciences. The interplay between homotopy theory and Dehn twists exposes a rich set of properties. This paper generalizes the Dehn twists by proposing the notion of pre-twisted space, orientations of twists and the formation of pointed based space under a homeomorphic continuous function. It is shown that the Dehn twisted homotopy under non-retraction admits a left lifting property (LLP) through the local homeomorphism. The LLP extends the principles of Hurewicz fibration by avoiding pullback. Moreover, this paper illustrates that the Dehn twisted homotopy up to a base point in a based space can be formed by considering retraction. As a result, two disjoint continuous functions become point-wise continuous at the base point under retracted homotopy twists. Interestingly, the oriented Dehn twists of a pre-twisted space under homotopy retraction mutually commute in a contractible space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retracted publications are the scholarly articles that have been withdrawn from publication by authors or journals due to errors, misconduct, or ethical concerns. The present study aims to identify and analyse retracted papers by Indian authors. The data was extracted from the Scopus and also checked from the Retraction Watch database along with the journal's website. The extracted data was analysed using MS Excel, Jamovi, and SPSS-21. The study examined the year-wise retraction rate, reasons for retraction, authorship patterns, time lag for retraction, and impact on citations after retraction. The results showed that while the number of retracted publications per year increased over time, the rate of retraction per 10K publications remained constant. Duplicate publication and plagiarism were the most common reasons for retraction. Approximately one-third of the publications were retracted within six months, and the retraction time decreased over the years, especially in open-access journals. The average number of citations per paper per year before and after retraction were nearly similar. This study could assist librarians and researchers in understanding retractions, avoiding their use, and being cautious when referencing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we address some of the computational challenges associated with the RMIL+ conjugate gradient parameter by proposing an efficient conjugate gradient (CG) parameter along with its generalization to the Riemannian manifold. This parameter ensures the good convergence properties of the CG method in Riemannian optimization and it is formed by combining the structures of two classical CG methods. The extension utilizes the concepts of retraction and vector transport to establish sufficient descent property for the method via strong Wolfe line search conditions. Additionally, the scheme achieves global convergence using the scaled version of the Ring-Wirth nonexpansive condition. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to validate the scheme's effectiveness. We consider both unconstrained Euclidean optimization test problems and Riemannian optimization problems. The results reveal that the performance of the proposed method is significantly influenced by the choice of line search in both Euclidean and Riemannian optimizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is a scarcity of studies in which both alveolar bone remodeling and root resorption are simultaneously assessed and compared against possible influencing factors such as rate of retraction and change in inclination. The aim of our study was to assess the changes in the alveolar bone thickness and root length of the maxillary anterior teeth after retraction and correlate it to the potential influencing factors, namely rate of retraction and change in inclination. Subjects and Methods: Ten patients requiring upper premolar extraction as part of their treatment were included in the study. Alveolar bone and root length changes were measured using cone beam computed tomography and the rate of retraction and change in inclination were assessed using lateral cephalograms. Two readings: Preretraction and postretraction were taken. Statistical analysis was done using Paired rank t -test and Spearman's rank correlation tests. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results and Conclusions: The labial alveolar bone thickness showed an increase, whereas the palatal and total alveolar bone thickness showed a decrease. Root resorption was observed in all teeth. Alveolar bone changes showed a positive correlation to the rate of retraction and a negative correlation to the change in inclination. The root length change showed a positive correlation to the change in inclination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In algorithms for solving optimization problems constrained to a smooth manifold, retractions are a well-established tool to ensure that the iterates stay on the manifold. More recently, it has been demonstrated that retractions are a useful concept for other computational tasks on manifold as well, including interpolation tasks. In this work, we consider the application of retractions to the numerical integration of differential equations on fixed-rank matrix manifolds. This is closely related to dynamical low-rank approximation (DLRA) techniques. In fact, any retraction leads to a numerical integrator and, vice versa, certain DLRA techniques bear a direct relation with retractions. As an example for the latter, we introduce a new retraction, called KLS retraction, that is derived from the so-called unconventional integrator for DLRA. We also illustrate how retractions can be used to recover known DLRA techniques and to design new ones. In particular, this work introduces two novel numerical integration schemes that apply to differential equations on general manifolds: the accelerated forward Euler (AFE) method and the Projected Ralston–Hermite (PRH) method. Both methods build on retractions by using them as a tool for approximating curves on manifolds. The two methods are proven to have local truncation error of order three. Numerical experiments on classical DLRA examples highlight the advantages and shortcomings of these new methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retractions have traditionally been reserved for correcting the scientific record and discouraging research misconduct. Nonetheless, the potential for actual societal harm resulting from accurately reported published scientific findings, so-called information hazards, has been the subject of several recent article retractions. As these instances increase, the extent of support for such decisions among the scientific community and lay public remains unclear. Undergraduates (Study 1) and federally funded researchers (Study 2) reported their support for retraction decisions described as due to misconduct, honest errors, or potential information hazards. Participants supported retraction on the former two grounds more than the latter. Despite limited support, women remained more receptive to retractions based on information hazards. Activist tendencies additionally predicted undergraduate men's receptivity. Receptivity toward retraction due to information hazards was unrelated to scientists' engagement in activism, suggesting that formal scientific training affords researchers an ability to separate personal and professional values in scientific discourse. Findings could inform the development of educational materials that may aid less experienced scientists and the lay public in understanding retraction ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study is to analyze retracted studies in cardiovascular field. Methodology: PubMed and Embase databases were used to identify retracted publications from 2002 to 2022. Various characteristics of articles were retrieved, and an analysis was performed using R software. Results: We finally included 979 articles. Authors from China have the highest number of retracted studies (35.5%), followed by the USA (22.1%), and Japan (4%). The most common causes of retraction are mistakes and honest errors (24.5%) and duplicate data (17.7%). From 2002 to 2022, there has been a significant increase in retracted studies and a decrease in the impact factor of journals, number of citations, and time to retraction. Conclusion: The trend of retracting publications in cardiology is increasing. Plain Language Summary Retracted publications are withdrawn publications. Recently, the number of retracted publications has increased. In our research, we try to find the characteristics and pattern of the retracted studies in heart published studies. PubMed and Embase databases were used to identify retracted publications from 2002 to 2022. Various characteristics of articles were retrieved, and statistical software was used to analyze them. We finally included 979 articles. Findings from our research showed authors from China, the USA, and Japan have the highest number of retracted studies. Honest errors, duplicate data, and fabricated data are common causes of retractions. From 2002 to 2022, there has been an increase in the number of retracted studies and a decrease in the impact factor of journals, the number of citations, and the time to retraction. We also compared the results between the first (2003–2012) and the second decade (SD; 2013–2022). In the SD, there are more retracted publications. We saw that in the first decade, the USA had more retractions; however, in the SD, China had more retractions. The retracted publications in the SD have less time to retract and fewer citations. There is no change regarding the funding of research or the parties' interest in conducting research. In the end, the trend of retracting publications in heart studies is increasing. Making the scientific world aware would be the most important to tackle this problem. Article highlights Retracted studies characteristics In our study, we included 979 retracted articles, analyzed trends, and also divided our analysis into the first decade for the years 2003–2012 and the second decade (SD) for the years 2013–2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), experimental studies, and case-control studies are the most common study designs that are retracted. Authors from China, the USA, Japan, and Germany have the highest retractions. Regarding the causes, honest errors (24.5%), duplicate data (17.7%), and fabricated data (16.9%) are the commonest causes of retraction. Plagiarism consists of 12.3% retraction causes. In our trend analysis, we saw a significant increase in the number of retracted studies and the availability of full texts. However, there is a significant decrease in the citations and time to retraction. Comparison of characteristics over time During the first decade, the USA had more retractions, while in the SD, China had more retractions. In the SD, the retracted publications have an average of 96 fewer citations, have 9 months less time to retractions, and are published in low-impact factor journals. Conclusion Retraction is still a problem in cardiology, and recently, there has been an increase in the number of cardiology retracted papers. Also, RCTs, which are commonly used in generating evidence and forming guidelines, are the most common type of studies that are retracted. The cardiology world needs a multimodal approach to tackle this problem. However, the most important is making scientists aware and preventing research misconduct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latino, F., Susanto, N. ., Anam, K., Setyawan, H. ., Saraiello, E., & Tafuri, F. (2024). Los efectos del entrenamiento en circuito frente al entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad en la resistencia de los atletas de voleibol: un ensayo controlado aleatorio (The effects of circuit training versus high-intensity interval training on the endurance of volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial). Retos, 58, 1050–1060. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107877 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Latino, F., Limone, P. ., Peluso Cassese, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Amato, G., & Tafuri, F. (2025). Deportistas de doble carrera y estrés psicofisiológico. Retos, 63, 693–704. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.111368 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Tafuri, F., Latino, F., Setyawan, H. ., Anam, K., Susanto, N. ., Tafuri, D., & Mazzeo, F. (2024). Efectos del entrenamiento físico sobre el peso corporal, la función pulmonar y los patrones dietéticos en adolescentes con obesidad . Retos, 61, 86–99. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109561 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Tafuri, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Anam, K., Susanto, N. ., Setyawan, H. ., Saraiello, E., & Latino, F. (2024). Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento en circuito en la mejora de la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, la fuerza de las extremidades superiores y la agilidad en sujetos parapléjicos (Effects of a circuit training program in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, upper extremity strength, and agility in paraplegic subjects). Retos, 58, 552–559. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107488 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Latino, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Susanto, N. ., Setyawan, H. ., Anam, K., Saraiello, E., Tafuri, D., & Tafuri, F. (2024). Entrenamiento de resistencia y variables fisiológicas: efectos en jugadores de voleibol de subélite (Endurance training and physiological variables: effects on sub-elite volleyball players). Retos, 58, 522–527. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107636 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Latino, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Susanto, N. ., Setyawan, H. ., Anam, K., Saraiello, E., & Tafuri, F. (2024). Entrenamiento Interválico de Alta Intensidad y Demandas Fisiológicas en Tenistas en Silla de Ruedas: Un Estudio Pilot (High-Intensity Interval Training and Physiological Demands in Wheelchair Tennis Players: A Pilot Study). Retos, 58, 238–246. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107485 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Tafuri, F., Latino, F., Fai, A., Mancini, R. ., Quarta, F., Saraiello, E., Ferramosca, F., Susanto, N. ., Setyawan, H. ., Anam, K., Ranieri, M. ., Megna, M., & Farì, G. (2024). Baloncesto en silla de ruedas: aspectos morfofuncionales y fisiológicos del hombro (Wheelchair Basketball: morpho-functional and physiological aspects of the shoulder). Retos, 59, 391–400. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.106935 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Tafuri, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Setyawan, H. ., Susanto, N. ., Anam, K., Saraiello, E., Avino, U., & Latino, F. (2024). El entrenamiento en circuito mejora las condiciones fisiológicas entre los jugadores de baloncesto en silla de ruedas (Circuit training improves physiological conditions among wheelchair basket players). Retos, 58, 138–146. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107484 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Latino, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Setyawan, H., Susanto, N. ., Anam, K. ., Saraiello, E., & Tafuri, F. (2024). Respuestas Fisiológicas de los Atletas de Baloncesto en silla de Ruedas al Programa Combinado de Entrenamiento Aeróbico y Anaeróbico (Physiological Responses of Wheelchair Basketball Athletes to a Combined Aerobic and Anaerobic Training Program). Retos, 57, 800–808. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.107483 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Tafuri, F., Martinez-Roig, R., Susanto, N. ., Setyawan, H. ., & Latino, F. (2024). Estilos de Vida Físicamente Activos en el Contexto Escolar: Aspectos Morfo-Fisiológicos y Funcionales (Physically Active Lifestyles within the School context: Morpho-Physiological and Functional Aspects). Retos, 58, 48–60. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106154 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been a number of clear and conclusive pieces of evidence that they include references that are not related to the topic of the article or the context in which they are cited. The pattern discovered is that the authors have been self-citing their work, in all the articles that are retracted, without any relation to the content of the article in question, introducing citations that are not related to the text and then adding the corresponding references to these citations in the reference list.

Gani, I., Tomoliyus, T., Hariono, A., Pavlovic, R., Darmawan, A., Shidiq, A. A. P., & Rahmatullah, M. I. (2024). EAnálisis de las inteligencias múltiples de estudiantes de primaria en lecciones de educación física en Yogyakarta Indonesia (Analysis of Multiple Intelligence of Elementary Students in Physical Education Lessons in Yogyakarta Indonesia). Retos, 56, 1086–1095. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105459 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 12 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 7 Differences between the authors between both moments: +1 y -6 (Additions: Arief Darmawan. Eliminated: Hendra Setyawan, José Vicente García-Jiménez, Agnieszka Magdalena Nowak, Tiok Wijanarko, Ari Wibowo Kurniawan, Roziah)

Festiawan, R., Sumanto, E., Febriani, A. R., Permadi, A. A., Arifin, Z., Utomo, A. W., Nugroho, W. A., & Pratama, K. W. (2024). El sistema de aprendizaje híbrido con aprendizaje basado en proyectos: ¿puede aumentar la capaci-dad de pensamiento creativo y la motivación de aprendizaje en el aprendizaje de la educación física? (The Hybrid Learning System With Project Based Learning: Can It Increase Creative Thinking Skill and Learning Motivation in Physical Education Learning?). Retos, 56, 1009–1015. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105047 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 4 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 8 Differences between the authors between both moments: +4 (Additions: Eko Sumanto, Ayu Rizky Febriani, Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama. Eliminated: Jajang Dede Mulyani)

Pratama, K. W. (2024). El efecto del entrenamiento con arco sobre la resistencia de los músculos del brazo del tiro con arco principiante (The effect of bow training on the endurance of the arm muscles of the beginner archery). Retos, 57, 866–872. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103516 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 14 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 15 Differences between the authors between both moments: +4 y -3 (Añadido: Asmuddin, Heriansyah, Witri Suwanto, Manil Kara Kauki. Eliminado: Manil Karakauki, Muhammad Nazim Razali, Aida Mustapha)

Pratama, K. W., Fachrezzy, F.., Budiningsih, M.., Ali, M.., Maslikah, U., Alim, A., Pranata, D.., Saman, A., Arianto, O., Sutapa, P., Hardianto, D., Kristiyanto, A.., Ali, S. K. S.., & Kauki, M. K. (2024). Relación entre la capacidad vital pulmonar, el estado nutricional, la actividad y la motivación para hacer ejercicio en la aptitud física de los estudiantes de Yakarta (Relationship between lung vital capacity, nutritional status activity and motivation to exercise on physical fitness among students in Jakarta). Retos, 57, 873–880. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103517 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 10 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 14 Differences between the authors between both moments: +4 (Doni Pranata, Abdul Saman, Oktavian Arianto, Deni Hardianto)

Chaeroni , A.., Al Ardha, M. A.., Nur, L., Ahmed, M., Talib, K., Orhan, B. E., Syswianti, D., Kurnaz, M., & Nizam, M. N. (2024). Comparación de género en la alfabetización física: una revisión sistemática y meta-análisis de niños y adolescentes (Gender comparison in physical literacy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of children and adolescents). Retos, 60, 850–864. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.108312 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 6 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 9 Differences between the authors between both moments: +3 (Desy Syswianti, Mert Kurnaz, Mohd Nizam Lani)

Chaeroni , A.., Ramdani, H. T., Orhan, B. E., Khishe, M., Govindasamy, K., Mario, D. T., Ilham, I., Talib, K., & Lani, M. N. (2024). Eficacia del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad frente al entrenamiento continuo de intensidad moderada en el consumo máximo de oxígeno (vo2peak), un parámetro cardiorrespiratorio para personas de 40 años y más: una revisión sistemática de la literatura y meta-análisis (Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on peak oxygen uptake (vo2peak) a cardiorespiratory parameter for individuals aged 40 and above: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis). Retos, 59, 608–622. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107824 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 2 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 7 Differences between the authors between both moments: +5 (Additions: Hasbi Taobah Ramdani, Mohammad Khishe, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Ilham, Deby Tri Mario)

Andrianto, S. D., Kriswanto, E. S., Sari, I. P. T. P. S., Nopembri, S., Subagyo, S., & Sabillah, M. I. (2024). Actuar. Aplicación Fit De La Medición De La Aptitud Física Del Adulto En Indonesia (Act.Fit Application of Adult Physical Fitness Measurement in Indonesia). Retos, 51, 1262–1267. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101399 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 8 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 7 Differences between the authors between both moments: -1 (Eliminado: Aulia Gusdernawati)

Chaeroni , A.., Muspardi, M., Ahmed, M., Talib, K., Orhan, B. E., Lani, M. N., Asuti, Y., & Kurnaz, M. (2024). El deporte como instrumento de nacionalismo y patriotismo: una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el papel del deporte en la formación de la identidad nacional en diversos países (Sports as an instrument of nationalism and patriotism: a systematic literature review on the role of sports in shaping national identity in various countries). Retos, 61, 1038–1049. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108752 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 4 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 8 Differences between the authors between both moments: +4 (Mohd Nizam Lani, Mert Kurnaz, Yuni Astuti, Bekir Erhan Orhan)

Chaeroni , A.., Nurhasan, N., Ardha, M. A. A., Nur, L., Pranoto, N. W., Govindasamy, K., Khishe, M., Ahmed, M., & Talib, K. (2024). Exploración de ramas de la física para el manejo de varios casos en aplicaciones deportivas: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura (Exploration of branches of physics for handling several cases in sports applications: A systematic literature review). Retos, 56, 998–1008. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105056 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 4 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 9 Differences between the authors between both moments: +5 (Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Karuppasamy Govindasamy, Mohammad Khishe, Mottakin Ahmed, Kamal Talib)

Bafirman , B.., Hidayat, R. A.., Sabillah, M. I.., Rahman, D.., Zarya, F., Ockta, Y., & Festiawan, R.. (2024). El papel de la psicología del deporte en la mejora del rendimiento de las atletas de bádminton: una revisión sistemática. Retos, 61, 1126–1137. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109088 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 5 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 7 Differences between the authors between both moments: +3 y - 1 (Additions: Bafirman, Yovhandra Ockta, Rifqi Festiawan. Eliminated: Eval Edmizal)

Arifin, Z., Mulyana, R. B.., Sutresna, N.., Subarjah, H.., Sawali, L.., Pratama, K. W.., Sonjaya, A. R.., Ali, S. K. S.., Hasan, S. N.., Hasan, S. N.., Mustapha, A.., Razali, M. N.., Sutapa, P.., Karakauki, M.., & Hardianto, D. (2024). El efecto de la modificación del movimiento en el entrenamiento sobre la competencia de natación de los estudiantes (The effect of modification of movement in training on students’ swimming competence). Retos, 51, 949–954. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101338 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 10 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 15 Differences between the authors between both moments: +5 (La Sawali, Aida Mustapha, Muhammad Nazim Razali, Panggung Sutapa, Deni Hardianto)

Alnedral, A., Jatra, R.., Firdaus, K.., Neldi, H., Bakhtiar, S.., Damrah, D., Masrun, M., Aldani, N., Yendrizal, Y., Ockta, Y., & Festiawan, R.. (2024). El efecto de un modelo de entrenamiento con enfoque holístico en el aumento de la velocidad y la agilidad en los atletas de tenis. Retos, 61, 1138–1145. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108915 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 5 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 11 Differences between the authors between both moments: +6 (Hendri Neldi, Syahrial Bakhtiar, Damrah, Masrun, Nissa Aldani, Yendrizal Yendrizal)

Alim, A., Sumardi, T., Rismayanthi, C.., Yulianto, W. D.., & Shahril, M. I. (2024). Validez de contenido y confiabilidad del test de agilidad en tenis en silla de ruedas (Content validity and reliability of agility test in wheelchair tennis). Retos, 55, 665–671. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.101929 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 9 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 5 Differences between the authors between both moments: -4 (Asep Angga Permadi, Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama, Syed Kamaruzaman Syed Ali)

Widiyanto, W., Setyawan, H., Suharjana, S., Purwanto, S., Indra, E. N., Prayudho, S., García-Jiménez, J. V., Pavlovic, R., Nowak, A. M., Susanto, N., Darmawan, A., Shidiq, A. A. P., & Andriansyah, A. (2024). Los diferentes resultados en lsa habilidades de servicio de los tenistas jóvenes evaluadas según el género y la edad (The Differences Result in Serve Skill of Junior Tennis Players Assessed Based on Gender and Age). Retos, 54, 272–278. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102757 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 6 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 13 Differences between the authors between both moments: +7 (Eka Novita Indra, José Vicente García-Jiménez, Ratko Pavlovic, Agnieszka Magdalena Nowak, Arief Darmawan, Abdul Aziz Purnomo Shidiq, Andriansyah)

Setyawan, H. S., Sumaryanto, S., Suyanto, S., Suharjana, S., García-Jiménez, J. V. G.-J., Pavlovic, R. P., Nowak, A. M. N., Susanto, N. S., Darmawan, A. D., Gusliana HB, G. H., Purnomo Shidiq, A. A. P. S., Hardianto, H., & Suwanto, F. R. S. (2024). La importancia de la gestión de la educación en tiro con arco en las clases de educación física y pro-gramas curriculares para que los estudiantes adquieran habilidades en muchas áreas (The Importance Of Archery Education Management In Physical Education Classes And Curriculum Programs For Students To Gain Skills In Many Areas). Retos, 53, 242–249. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.101973 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 1 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 13 Differences between the authors between both moments: +12 (Suyanto, Sumaryanto, Suharjana, José Vicente García-Jiménez, Ratko Pavlovic, Agnieszka Magdalena Nowak, Nugroho Susanto, Arief Darmawan, Gusliana HB, Abdul Aziz Purnomo Shidiq, Hardianto, Fevi Rahmawati Suwanto)

Anam, K., Setiowati, A., Nurrachmad, L., Indardi, N.., Azmi, D. A. N.., Aditia, E. A.., Irawan, F. A., Susanto, N., Latino, F., Tafuri, F., Pavlović, R., Setyawan, H., & Kozina, Z. (2024). Análisis del Riesgo de Lesiones en Estudiantes de la Academia de Fútbol: Una revisión de las puntuaciones de las pruebas de movimiento funcional y los datos demográficos (Injury Risk Analysis of Soccer Academy Students: A Review of Functional Movement Screen Scores and Demographic Data). Retos, 55, 900–907. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.105955 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 11 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 13 Differences between the authors between both moments: +2 (Limpad Nurrachmad, Hendra Setyawan)

Zanada, J. F., Setyawan, H., Susanto, N., Bahtra, R., Wijanarko, T., Anam, K., Fitriady, G., García-Jiménez, J. V., Pavlovic, R., & Nowak, A. M. (2024). Reducir la dismenorrea en adolescentes en edad escolar mediante la práctica de yoga: una revisión de la literatura (Reducing Dysmenorrhea In School-Aged Teenagers By Practising Yoga: A Literature Review). Retos, 54, 76–83. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103066 Retraction of the article by the editor of the journal. There has been several clear and conclusive proofs that there has been a manipulation of the authorship of the article. The accepted Word document was sent with the names of the authors that appeared in the “Corrections for the edition” message so that they could only make the orthographical corrections that were necessary. The corresponding author (or whoever hurt him) changed the authors of the aforementioned Word document that was sent to them, returning a document together with these corrections made with new authors, all without any express notification, without any document explaining the changes made accepted by all the authors and, of course, without express authorization from the journal Retos between both moments. With this fraudulent document the galleys were made and the article was definitively published, assigning it the corresponding DOI. Authors in the Word document of the article submitted for review: 7 Authors in the published PDF with modified authors: 10 Differences between the authors between both moments: +3 (Gema Fitriady, Ratko Pavlovic, Agnieszka Magdalena Nowak)