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This paper seeks to highlight and address some of the key questions and challenges facing investment management companies navigating a geopolitical and economic landscape that continues to experience significant regulatory change. Managing the complexities of regulatory changes requires a strategic, integrated approach. By staying informed, leveraging technology, prioritising investor protection, engaging effectively with the board and ensuring robust governance and operational resilience, investment management companies can effectively overcome these challenges and maintain compliance in an ever-changing regulatory environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX1) is a newly discovered multifunctional cell regulatory protein that is widely expressed in cells and has a close relationship with multiple cellular proteins. HAX1 plays important roles in various processes, including the regulation of apoptosis, maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential stability and calcium homeostasis, occurrence and development of diseases, post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, and host immune response after viral infection. In this article, we have reviewed the research progress on the biological functions of HAX1, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for further exploration of its underlying mechanisms and targeted application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four control systems are generated using Matlab software based on different regulators for the granulation process in a fluidized bed: PID controller and optimal LQR for linear systems and MPC and those based on fuzzy logic for nonlinear systems. For each control system, transient characteristics are obtained and system efficiency indicators are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of the conducted research is dynamically unstable objects and processes of the third order with a transfer function of the third order. The problem that has been considered and solved is related to the provision of dynamically unstable systems with such a stable tate in which transients are set to the technical optimum. Analytical formulas have been obtained to determine the values of the roots of a third-order characteristic equation tuned to a technical optimum. The only variable of the obtained mathematical expressions is the time constant of the system or object, which determines the time of establishment or termination of periodic processes. Since the obtained analytical expressions directly determine the constant coefficients of the polynomial of the characteristic equation based on just one variable, which in the physical sense is a normalized value of the transition time, the synthesis of any dynamically unstable system leads to a state in which the system is optimized, according to the condition of technical optimum. In other words, only the analytical expressions obtained for the coefficients of the characteristic equation determine the system tuned to the technical optimum. Before synthesizing the regulator and feedback, this time constant is set as a set requirement for the time of termination of the transient process. Thus, the formulation of an equation for the coefficients of the characteristic equation of the system is equated to the found equations and the unknown coefficients of the feedback and rcgulator are calculated from the resulting system equation. The practical applications of the obtained results can be limited with two conditions: it is assumed that the dynamically unstable systems under consideration are linear or linelized; the selected solutions and feedback elements are tactically feasible. The results obtained after applying the proposed technique allow to conclude that by changing the ratio between the values of the adjustable coefficients, the performance is increased by about two times. At the same time, the overshoot does not exceed 6 %, which is normalized by the conditions of the technical optimum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four control systems are generated using Matlab software based on different controllers for the granulation process in a fluidized bed: controllers for linear systems — PID and optimal LQR, controllers for nonlinear systems — MPC and those based on fuzzy logic. For each control system, transient characteristics are obtained and system efficiency indicators are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current methods for the classification of number fields with small regulator depend mainly on an upper bound for the discriminant, which can be improved by looking for the best possible upper bound of a specific polynomial function over a hypercube. In this paper, we provide new and effective upper bounds for the case of fields with one complex embedding and degree between five and nine: this is done by adapting the strategy we have adopted to study the totally real case, but for this new setting several new computational issues had to be overcome. As a consequence, we detect the four number fields of signature (r_1,r_2)=(6,1) with smallest regulator; we also expand current lists of number fields with small regulator in signatures (3,1), (4,1) and (5,1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To cope with a high-salinity environment, haloarchaea generally employ the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway to transport secretory proteins across the cytoplasm membrane in a folded state, including Tat-dependent extracellular subtilases (halolysins) capable of autocatalytic activation. Some halolysins, such as SptA of Natrinema gari J7-2, are produced at late-log phase to prevent premature enzyme activation and proteolytic damage of cellular proteins in haloarchaea; however, the regulation mechanism for growth phase-dependent expression of halolysins remains largely unknown. In this study, a DNA-protein pull-down assay was performed to identify the proteins binding to the 5'-flanking sequence of sptA encoding halolysin SptA in strain J7-2, revealing a TrmBL2-like transcription factor (NgTrmBL2). The ΔtrmBL2 mutant of strain J7-2 showed a sharp decrease in the production of SptA, suggesting that NgTrmBL2 positively regulates sptA expression. The purified recombinant NgTrmBL2 mainly existed as a dimer although monomeric and higher-order oligomeric forms were detected by native-PAGE analysis. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) showed that NgTrmBL2 binds to the 5'-flanking sequence of sptA in a nonspecific and concentration-dependent manner and exhibits an increased DNA-binding affinity with the increase in KCl concentration. Moreover, we found that a distal cisregulatory element embedded in the neighboring upstream gene negatively regulates trmBL2 expression and thus participates in the growth phase-dependent biosynthesis of halolysin SptA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bearing is the property of Bearing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Methanogenic archaea play a key role in the global carbon cycle because these microorganisms remineralize organic compounds in various anaerobic environments. The microorganism Methanosarcina barkeri is a metabolically versatile methanogen, which can utilize acetate, methanol, and H2/CO2 to synthesize methane. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying methanogenesis for different substrates remain unknown. In this study, RNA-seq analysis was used to investigate M. barkeri growth and gene transcription under different substrate regimes. According to the results, M. barkeri showed the best growth under methanol, followed by H2/CO2 and acetate, and these findings corresponded well with the observed variations in genes transcription abundance for different substrates. In addition, we identified a novel regulator, MSBRM_RS03855 (designated as HdrR), which specifically activates the transcription of the heterodisulfide reductase hdrBCA operon in M. barkeri. HdrR was able to bind to the hdrBCA operon promoter to regulate transcription. Furthermore, the structural model analyses revealed a helix-turn-helix domain, which is likely involved in DNA binding. Taken together, HdrR serves as a model to reveal how certain regulatory factors control the expression of key enzymes in the methanogenic pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wide application of proportional-integral-differential (PID)-regulator in industry requires constant improvement of methods of its parameters adjustment. The paper deals with the issues of optimization of PID-regulator parameters with the use of neural network technology methods. A methodology for choosing the architecture (structure) of neural network optimizer is proposed, which consists in determining the number of layers, the number of neurons in each layer, as well as the form and type of activation function. Algorithms of neural network training based on the application of the method of minimizing the mismatch between the regulated value and the target value are developed. The method of back propagation of gradients is proposed to select the optimal training rate of neurons of the neural network. The neural network optimizer, which is a superstructure of the linear PID controller, allows increasing the regulation accuracy from 0.23 to 0.09, thus reducing the power consumption from 65% to 53%. The results of the conducted experiments allow us to conclude that the created neural superstructure may well become a prototype of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR)-type industrial controller for tuning the parameters of the PID controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PIK3R1 (also known as p85α) is a regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). PI3K, a heterodimer of a regulatory subunit and a catalytic subunit, phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol into secondary signaling molecules involved in regulating metabolic homeostasis. PI3K converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3), which recruits protein kinase AKT to the inner leaflet of the cell membrane to be activated and to participate in various metabolic functions. PIK3R1 stabilizes and inhibits p110 catalytic activity and serves as an adaptor to interact with insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins and growth factor receptors. Thus, mutations in PIK3R1 or altered expression of PIK3R1 could modulate the activity of PI3K and result in significant metabolic outcomes. Interestingly, recent studies also found PI3K-independent functions of PIK3R1. Overall, in this article, we will provide an updated review of the metabolic functions of PIK3R1 that includes studies of PIK3R1 in various metabolic tissues using animal models, the mechanisms modulating PIK3R1 activity, and studies on the mutations of human PIK3R1 gene.

Abstract Hydrogen emerges as a promising alternative energy source, particularly in fuel cell applications, necessitating efficient and safe charging and storage systems. This paper presents the design and development of a specialized regulator tailored for high-pressure hydrogen environments. Focusing on precision control, the regulator ensures optimal performance and safety during charging and storage phases. In order to improve the unstable response characteristics of the existing commercial hydrogen regulator, which has the same differential pressure generation site and pressure control site, a regulator operating at an ultra-high pressure of 105 MPa was designed by separating the differential pressure site and the control site. And structural safety and performance of the regulator were predicted through structural and flow analysis. The results of structural and flow analysis of a 105 MPa high-pressure regulator that can be used for high-pressure hydrogen charging and storage systems were compared with the experimentally measured values.

BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex, late-onset, neurodegenerative disease with a genetic contribution to disease liability. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ten risk loci to date, including the TNIP1/GPX3 locus on chromosome five. Given association analysis data alone cannot determine the most plausible risk gene for this locus, we undertook a comprehensive suite of in silico, in vivo and in vitro studies to address this.MethodsThe Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA) pipeline and five tools (conditional and joint analysis (GCTA-COJO), Stratified Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (S-LDSC), Polygenic Priority Scoring (PoPS), Summary-based Mendelian Randomisation (SMR-HEIDI) and transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) analyses) were used to perform bioinformatic integration of GWAS data (Ncases = 20,806, Ncontrols = 59,804) with 'omics reference datasets including the blood (eQTLgen consortium N = 31,684) and brain (N = 2581). This was followed up by specific expression studies in ALS case-control cohorts (microarray Ntotal = 942, protein Ntotal = 300) and gene knockdown (KD) studies of human neuronal iPSC cells and zebrafish-morpholinos (MO).ResultsSMR analyses implicated both TNIP1 and GPX3 (p < 1.15 × 10-6), but there was no simple SNP/expression relationship. Integrating multiple datasets using PoPS supported GPX3 but not TNIP1. In vivo expression analyses from blood in ALS cases identified that lower GPX3 expression correlated with a more progressed disease (ALS functional rating score, p = 5.5 × 10-3, adjusted R2 = 0.042, Beffect = 27.4 ± 13.3 ng/ml/ALSFRS unit) with microarray and protein data suggesting lower expression with risk allele (recessive model p = 0.06, p = 0.02 respectively). Validation in vivo indicated gpx3 KD caused significant motor deficits in zebrafish-MO (mean difference vs. control ± 95% CI, vs. control, swim distance = 112 ± 28 mm, time = 1.29 ± 0.59 s, speed = 32.0 ± 2.53 mm/s, respectively, p for all

Hydrogen emerges as a promising alternative energy source, particularly in fuel cell applications, necessitating efficient and safe charging and storage systems. This paper presents the design and development of a specialized regulator tailored for high-pressure hydrogen environments. Focusing on precision control, the regulator ensures optimal performance and safety during charging and storage phases. In order to improve the unstable response characteristics of the existing commercial hydrogen regulator, which has the same differential pressure generation site and pressure control site, a regulator operating at an ultra-high pressure of 105 MPa was designed by separating the differential pressure site and the control site. And structural safety and performance of the regulator were predicted through structural and flow analysis. The results of structural and flow analysis of a 105 MPa high-pressure regulator that can be used for high-pressure hydrogen charging and storage systems were compared with the experimentally measured values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Crosstalk regulation is a common regulatory phenomenon in Streptomyces, typically mediated by regulatory factors within gene clusters. Utilizing these regulatory factors to enhance the production of target compounds represents an important approach. This study focuses on two regulatory factors, PteF and PteR, within the filipin gene cluster in Streptomyces avermitilis, investigating their effects on both avermectin production and overall cellular metabolism. The findings provide theoretical groundwork for constructing high-yielding engineered strains of avermectins and provide new insights into the role of PteF in the biosynthesis of avermectins and its impact on cellular metabolic processes. Crosstalk regulation is widespread in Streptomyces species. Elucidating the influence of a specific regulator on target biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and cell metabolism is crucial for strain improvement through regulatory protein engineering. PteF and PteR are two regulators that control the biosynthesis of filipin, which competes for building blocks with avermectins in Streptomyces avermitilis. However, little is known about the effects of PteF and PteR on avermectin biosynthesis. In this study, we investigated their impact on avermectin biosynthesis and global cell metabolism. The deletion of pteF resulted in a 55.49% avermectin titer improvement, which was 23.08% higher than that observed from pteR deletion, suggesting that PteF plays a more significant role in regulating avermectin biosynthesis, while PteF hardly influences the transcription level of genes in avermectin and other polyketide BGCs. Transcriptome data revealed that PteF exhibited a global regulatory effect. Avermectin production enhancement could be attributed to the repression of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, as well as the enhancement of pathways supplying acyl-CoA precursors. These findings provide new insights into the role of PteF on avermectin biosynthesis and cell metabolism, offering important clues for designing and building efficient metabolic pathways to develop high-yield avermectin-producing strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cell death and neuroinflammation are two important targets in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death closely related to neuroinflammation and targeted inhibition of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury is a promising therapeutic strategy. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanism, positive and negative regulatory factors and therapeutic strategies of pyroptosis in spinal cord injury. METHODS: The search terms were “spinal cord injury, pyroptosis, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase, Gasdermin D (GSDMD), IL-1β, IL-18” and 93 English literatures included in PubMed and Web of Science were finally selected for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As a newly discovered programmed cell death, pyroptosis has been shown to play an important role in the secondary injury stage after spinal cord injury. Among the regulatory factors of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury, CD73, NRF2, GDF-11, dopamine, FANCC and miR-423-5P could inhibit pyroptosis, while TLR4 and Aopps could promote pyroptosis. In terms of treatment, the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (paeonol, tripterine, betulinic acid, piperine, kaempferol, and camptothecin), exosomes of various cell origins, and some drugs (metformin, topotecan, lithium, zinc, and carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 3) can effectively inhibit pyroptosis and reduce secondary spinal cord injury, but the toxicity and specific dose of these drugs need to be further studied. The specific molecular mechanism by which pyroptosis aggravates spinal cord injury is still poorly understood. The role of non-classical pathways and other inflammasomes is worth further exploration. At present, the research on pyroptosis after spinal cord injury only stays at the animal experiment stage. There are no related clinical studies and no approved targeted therapeutic drugs. (6) The application of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury has great potential, and its specific regulatory mechanism should be further studied in the future to provide a new target for the treatment of spinal cord injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oleaginous yeast, Lipomyces starkeyi can have diverse industrial applications due to its remarkable capacity to use various carbon sources for the biosynthesis intracellular triacylglycerides (TAGs). In L. starkeyi , TAG synthesis is enhanced through upregulation of genes involved in citrate-mediated acyl-CoA synthesis and Kennedy pathways through the transcriptional regulator LsSpt23p. High expression of LsSPT23 can considerably enhance TAG production. Altering the regulatory factors associated with lipid production can substantially augment lipid productivity. In this study, we identified and examined the L. starkeyi homolog sucrose nonfermenting 1 SNF1 (LsSNF1) of YlSNF1 , which encodes a negative regulator of lipid biosynthesis in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. The deletion of LsSNF1 enhanced TAG productivity in L. starkeyi , suggesting that LsSnf1p is a negative regulator in TAG production. The enhancement of TAG production following deletion of LsSNF1 can primarily be attributed to the upregulation of genes in the citrate-mediated acyl-CoA synthesis and Kennedy pathways, pivotal routes in TAG biosynthesis. The overexpression of LsSPT23 enhanced lipid productivity; strain overexpressing LsSPT23 and without LsSNF1 exhibited increased TAG production capacity per cell. LsSnf1p also has a significant role in the utilization of carbon sources, including xylose or glycerol, in L. starkeyi. Our study results elucidated the role of LsSnf1p in the negative regulation of TAG synthesis in L. starkeyi , which has not previously been reported. • Lipomyces starkeyi SNF1 homolog (LsSNF1) was identified and the LsSNF1 deletion mutant was constructed. • LsSnf1p had important roles in lipid production and carbon-source utilization in L. starkeyi. • The overexpression of LsSpt23p and without LsSnf1p exhibited increased TAG production capacity per cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document presents a comparative study on the effects of planting time, growth regulator, and biofertilizer on the growth, yield, and quality of strawberry plants. The study found that the combination of planting on October 15th, 75 ppm GA3 concentration, and Azotobacter application was the most effective in promoting growth, yield, and quality traits of the strawberry plants. The results provide valuable information for researchers and individuals interested in understanding the factors that influence the growth and yield of strawberry plants. [Extracted from the article]

Salinity is a pivotal abiotic stress factor with far-reaching consequences on global crop growth, yield, and quality and which includes strawberries. R2R3-MYB transcription factors encompass a range of roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stress. In this study, we identified that strawberry transcription factor FaMYB63 exhibited a significant upregulation in its expression under salt stress conditions. An analysis using yeast assay demonstrated that FaMYB63 exhibited the ability to activate transcriptional activity. Compared with those in the wild-type (WT) plants, the seed germination rate, root length, contents of chlorophyll and proline, and antioxidant activities (SOD, CAT, and POD) were significantly higher in FaMYB63-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exposed to salt stress. Conversely, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were considerably lower. Additionally, the FaMYB63-overexpressed Arabidopsis plants displayed a substantially improved capacity to scavenge active oxygen. Furthermore, the activation of stress-related genes by FaMYB63 bolstered the tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis to salt stress. It was also established that FaMYB63 binds directly to the promoter of the salt overly sensitive gene SOS1, thereby activating its expression. These findings identified FaMYB63 as a possible and important regulator of salt stress tolerance in strawberries.Key message: FaMYB63 overexpression in Arabidopsis increases survival rate under salt stress. FaMYB63 enhances salt tolerance by ROS clearance, balance of osmotic adjustment, and the regulation of stress-responsive genes expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a simple multifunctional terahertz absorber based on the simulation. The device consists of a gold layer, a SiO2 dielectric layer, and a VO2 top layer. The modulation mechanism of this device is to utilize the thermally induced phase transition characteristics of vanadium dioxide material. The simulation results show that when the temperature is 312 K, the device has the effect of complete reflection of terahertz waves. When the temperature is 345 K, the device has almost perfect absorption of terahertz wave in the range of 4.7–9.7 THz, and the spectral absorptivity is modulated in the range of 0~0.999. The electric field conditions at different temperatures were plotted to further explain the reasons for the performance transition of the device. The terahertz device was explained using impedance matching theory. In addition, the influence of different structural parameters on absorption rate was studied, providing reference for practical applications. At the same time, the device is polarization-insensitive and insensitive to the incident angle. When the incident angle changes from 0°to 45°, the device still has a stable absorption effect. The device has great application prospects in terahertz stealth, modulation, and other fields and provides ideas for the design of related devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the urgency of policies, regulators, and risk management in maintaining business at one of the 16th largest banks in the USA, namely Silicon Valley Bank . The method used is descriptive quantitative method. The data used is secondary data in the form of financial reports from 2020 to 2022 and is enriched by qualitative data sourced from articles from 2019 to 2023. The results show that SVB's financial management has experienced an impairment in the ROA, NIM and CAR ratios. SVB has an urge or tendency to take very high risks in an effort to achieve large profits which result in the use of high leverage and unstable sources of funding. The urgency of policies, regulators and risk management is considered very high in the case of SVB because their overall role is in maintaining a sustainable business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive bone tumor primarily affecting children and adolescents. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, the prognosis for osteosarcoma patients remains poor, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms. In recent years, the concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has emerged as a crucial factor in tumor initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. These specialized subpopulations of cells possess self-renewal capacity, tumorigenic potential, and contribute to tumor heterogeneity. Sox9, a transcription factor known for its critical role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, has been implicated in various malignancies, including osteosarcoma. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of Sox9 in CSCs in osteosarcoma and its potential implications as a prognosis and therapeutic target.

ABSTRACTIn the present time, the Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation starts to construct new barrages across the Nile River and the main canals to replace the oldest ones, which are not able to withstand the requirements of increasing head difference between the upstream and downstream water levels upon the gates. This paper is focused on investigating experimentally the flow characteristics downstream the vertical sluice gates of Bahr Yousef regulator in case of flow over gate and flow under gate and the proper design for stilling basin with high efficiency in dissipation of water energy downstream the vertical gate with low cost. In the present study experimental work was carried out on a 2-D flume with 1.0 m wide, 26.0 m long, and 1.2 m deep, with discharges range from 22 to 395 l/s at the Hydraulics Research Institute laboratory. This experiment is physically based with scale 1:8.5. The experimental tests involved the observations and measurements of hydraulic phenomena in one single bay of the regulator in case of flow under/over gate. In these tests, there was a group of variables such as; the gate opening, flow rate, pressure head, upstream and downstream water levels, number of gates opening, and D50 of riprap protection. The influence of these parameters on downstream flow characteristics and the rip-rap size was investigated downstream the stilling basin. Comparative analysis between flow under the gate and flow over the gate was carried out. The results showed that the case of flow under gate gave more normal velocity distribution with low turbulent and high efficiency in dissipation of water energy downstream the vertical gates, and it was recommended for the operation of the regulator. Also, the obtained results showed that the size of riprap protection with D50 equal 0.2 m are stable, economic, and reduced the stilling basin length.

Gene regulatory networks ensure that important genes are expressed at precise levels. When gene expression is sufficiently perturbed, it can lead to disease. To understand how gene expression disruptions percolate through a network, we must first map connections between regulatory genes and their downstream targets. However, we lack comprehensive knowledge of the upstream regulators of most genes. Here, we developed an approach for systematic discovery of upstream regulators of critical immune factors-IL2RA, IL-2 and CTLA4-in primary human T cells. Then, we mapped the network of the target genes of these regulators and putative cis-regulatory elements using CRISPR perturbations, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq. These regulators form densely interconnected networks with extensive feedback loops. Furthermore, this network is enriched for immune-associated disease variants and genes. These results provide insight into how immune-associated disease genes are regulated in T cells and broader principles about the structure of human gene regulatory networks.

SCUBA diving fatalities are often related to cardiac events triggered by stress linked to equipment. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of a SCUBA regulator on cardiorespiratory exercise at a submaximal workload. Ten participants (mean = 21.5 yrs; s.d. = 1.16) completed two submaximal exercise tests at 1 ATA; one while breathing normally and a second while breathing directly from a demand valve SCUBA regulator. Total time to test completion (TOT), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and arterial oxygen levels were all assessed. No significant differences between conditions were found for measures of TOT, heart rate, blood pressure, RPE, and arterial oxygen measures. Statistical analysis suggested that use of a SCUBA regulator itself did not affect exercise tolerance or increase cardiorespiratory stress at submaximal workloads. Several anecdotal observations in HR, BP, TOT, and RPE responses suggested further research is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In plants exposed to ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B; 280–315 nm), metabolic responses are activated, which reduce the damage caused by UV-B. Although several metabolites responding to UV-B stress have been identified in plants, the accumulation of these metabolites at different time points under UV-B stress remains largely unclear, and the transcription factors regulating these metabolites have not been well characterized. Here, we explored the changes in metabolites in rice after UV-B treatment for 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h and identified six patterns of metabolic change. We show that the rice transcription factor OsbZIP18 plays an important role in regulating phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis under UV-B stress in rice. Metabolic profiling revealed that the contents of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid were significantly reduced in osbzip18 mutants compared with the wild-type plants (WT) under UV-B stress. Further analysis showed that the expression of many genes involved in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways was lower in osbzip18 mutants than in WT plants, including OsPAL5, OsC4H, Os4CL, OsCHS, OsCHIL2, and OsF3H. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) revealed that OsbZIP18 bind to the promoters of these genes, suggesting that OsbZIP18 function is an important positive regulator of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis under UV-B stress. In conclusion, our findings revealed that OsbZIP18 is an essential regulator for phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis and plays a crucial role in regulating UV-B stress responses in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main task facing modern enrichment scientists is to maintain the quality of final concentrates (FCC) at the proper level. One of the main methods is the use of local reagents during flotation enrichment, the cost of which is many times lower than that of imported reagents. Research on the use of polymers as collecting reagents in the flotation process is the main topic of these studies and of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is divalent magnesium and calcium ions existed in seawater. Under alkaline conditions, magnesium and calcium ions would react with hydroxide ions to generate insoluble hydroxyl complexes or hydroxide precipitates. In flotation process, the hydrophilic substances and collectors compete for adsorption on the surface of minerals, thereby reducing the floatability of minerals. In this study, the effects of seawater on the flotation separation of sphalerite from pyrite were investigated. The results show that under strong alkaline conditions, seawater has significant adverse effects on the flotation separation. Flotation regulators such as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium silicate can eliminate the adverse effect to a certain extent. The mechanisms were revealed through micro-flotation experiments, contact angle measurements, zeta potential measurements, XPS analysis and FT-IR analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of escalating military and political uncertainties, a crucial component of banking system stability is the establishment of an adequate level of resource provision – liquidity. The research aims to analyze the transmission impact of the banking system's liquidity and its structure on the volumes of financing for the real sector of the economy in the second year of the war in Ukraine. In the conditions of war and the corresponding intensification of military-political threats and uncertainties, the regulator has made numerous complex decisions and restrictions aimed at balancing the challenges with the current situation in financial markets. The research found that the banking sector of Ukraine currently accumulates a significant amount of excess liquidity and demonstrates high profitability. However, in the conditions of war, the transmission mechanism works improperly, requiring constant intervention from the regulator to balance the liquidity of the banking sector and state finances, which, in turn, affects the behavior of commercial banks and changes the structure of their asset portfolios. An analysis of the structure of active operations portfolios of the banking, corporate, and private sectors provide grounds to assert that there is no reason to expect a change in investment behavior from these groups in the perspective of the next year due to the specificity of the conditions imposed by the Ministry of Finance and the regulator. To maintain macroeconomic stability in the national economy in the conditions of martial law it is necessary to introduce conditions to reduce demand for foreign currency and, as an alternative, offer the preservation of savings solvency through simplifying access to investments in government securities for households. The low financial literacy of the population and the underdeveloped stock market in Ukraine, as well as the more complex mechanism of purchasing government bonds or military bonds compared to deposit services, make such investments by the population insignificant and limited in demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a parameter to measure wettability, wetting heat change occurs when the interface substitution happened. There are few researches on the relationship between coal flotation and wetting heat. The wetting heat is the key variable that determines wettability. Calorimeter is a reliable means to measure the wetting heat. In this study, the heat flow during the wetting process of ultrafine coal particles was measured by calorimetry (UCP). The contact angle of the samples was determined by a contact angle meter. These wettability indexes were then related to the flotation response as determined by micro-flotation tests. The effects of regulators on the wettability of UCP were analyzed. It was found that there was a positive correlation between wetting heat reduction and flotation combustible recovery. The variance in the contact angle induced by regulators was also a factor affecting the flotation response. Results indicated that the wettability interpreted by wetting heat and contact angle is an excellent indicator for the flotation response of UCP. This research will help to understand the relationship between wettability and UCP flotation response. The research provided considerable regulators for improving UCP flotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves complex genetics interacting with the perinatal environment, complicating the discovery of common genetic risk. The epigenetic layer of DNA methylation shows dynamic developmental changes and molecular memory of in utero experiences, particularly in placenta, a fetal tissue discarded at birth. However, current array-based methods to identify novel ASD risk genes lack coverage of the most structurally and epigenetically variable regions of the human genome.ResultsWe use whole genome bisulfite sequencing in placenta samples from prospective ASD studies to discover a previously uncharacterized ASD risk gene, LOC105373085, renamed NHIP. Out of 134 differentially methylated regions associated with ASD in placental samples, a cluster at 22q13.33 corresponds to a 118-kb hypomethylated block that replicates in two additional cohorts. Within this locus, NHIP is functionally characterized as a nuclear peptide-encoding transcript with high expression in brain, and increased expression following neuronal differentiation or hypoxia, but decreased expression in ASD placenta and brain. NHIP overexpression increases cellular proliferation and alters expression of genes regulating synapses and neurogenesis, overlapping significantly with known ASD risk genes and NHIP-associated genes in ASD brain. A common structural variant disrupting the proximity of NHIP to a fetal brain enhancer is associated with NHIP expression and methylation levels and ASD risk, demonstrating a common genetic influence.ConclusionsTogether, these results identify and initially characterize a novel environmentally responsive ASD risk gene relevant to brain development in a hitherto under-characterized region of the human genome.

This research paper presents an integrated approach in dealing with the hydraulic models to investigate the impact of the reinforcement and maintenance work of the hydraulic structures, and presenting a case study of the El Bagoureya Regulator. The reinforcement works for El Bagoureya Regulator include the regulator's stilling basin, which will have to be filled with a reinforced concrete mattress, the extension of the central piers to the end of the winged wall, and finally the construction of a new concrete weir at the end of the winged wall downstream of the regulator. During the rehabilitation works, the flow will therefore pass through the navigation channel of the lock. The aim of the study is therefore to investigate the lock capacity to allow the maximum flows through at constant water levels and to meet the water demand. The study also examines the efficiency of the proposed solution and the impact on the hydraulic condition of the canal. The required protection and dredging both upstream and downstream of the lock were also studied. Therefore, A 2D numerical hydraulic model was integrated with a physical model at an appropriate scale as a near-field model. The results show a good correlation between the two models. The physical model confirmed the results of the numerical model and guaranteed the hydraulic efficiency of the proposed reinforcing structure. The results show that the proposed reinforcement works improved the flow pattern and the distribution of the flow velocity downstream of the pressure regulator. It also confirms that the navigation lock is capable of handling the high discharge during the rehabilitation works while maintaining the same operating water level. Finally, the physical model has ensured the stability of the proposed protection of the bottom upstream, downstream the navigation lock and downstream the regulator at the end of the stilling basin.

The article is devoted to the study of attitude of representatives of State-owned Microfinance Organizations to their clients and to the regulators as well as the understanding of their own role in these relationships. The aim of the study was to analyze the State-owned Microfinance Organizations leaders’ perception of the business environment. The subject of the study includes a subjective assessment of the role of their organization in the financial system of the region, the attitude towards consumers of the services of their organizations (Entrepreneurs), the expected attitude of Entrepreneurs to the services provided by their organizations, and relations with regulatory authorities. The relevance of the study is associated with the growing importance of State-owned Microfinance Organizations in the implementation of the tasks set by the government of the Russian Federation, so there is a need for an additional study of subjective assessment of their own position in the system of business relations. The scientific novelty is that the business environment has been structured based on the main participants in the interaction. The authors used methods of descriptive statistics, in particular, frequency analysis. As a result, the perception by representatives of state microfinance organizations of their role as participants in the financial market was studied in three aspects of the scheme proposed by the authors: their importance for the economy of the region, the attitude of consumers to their services, and the peculiarities of interaction with regulators in their perception. It is concluded that representatives of state microfinance organizations assess their field of activity as socially significant and prestigious, the regulator as trustworthy, but admit that some costs for mandatory requirements could be reduced.

In the context of escalating military and political uncertainties, a crucial component of banking system stability is the establishment of an adequate level of resource provision – liquidity. The research aims to analyze the transmission impact of the banking system's liquidity and its structure on the volumes of financing for the real sector of the economy in the second year of the war in Ukraine. In the conditions of war and the corresponding intensification of military-political threats and uncertainties, the regulator has made numerous complex decisions and restrictions aimed at balancing the challenges with the current situation in financial markets. The research found that the banking sector of Ukraine currently accumulates a significant amount of excess liquidity and demonstrates high profitability. However, in the conditions of war, the transmission mechanism works improperly, requiring constant intervention from the regulator to balance the liquidity of the banking sector and state finances, which, in turn, affects the behavior of commercial banks and changes the structure of their asset portfolios. An analysis of the structure of active operations portfolios of the banking, corporate, and private sectors provides grounds to assert that there is no reason to expect a change in investment behavior from these groups in the perspective of the next year due to the specificity of the conditions imposed by the Ministry of Finance and the regulator. To maintain macroeconomic stability in the national economy in the conditions of martial law it is necessary to introduce conditions to reduce demand for foreign currency and, as an alternative, offer the preservation of savings solvency through simplifying access to investments in government securities for households. The low financial literacy of the population and the underdeveloped stock market in Ukraine, as well as the more complex mechanism of purchasing government bonds or military bonds compared to deposit services, make such investments by the population insignificant and limited in demand.

AbstractPrevious research has established that certain characteristics of lead users, such as their ability to identify trends and the benefits they expect from an innovation, are important in determining the success of an innovation. However, the role of regulatory authorities and the innovation process in influencing innovation outcomes has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of these factors on innovation success, using a mixed-method approach. Data were collected from 321 lead users and eight regulators through both quantitative and qualitative surveys, and analyzed using SPSS and NVivo. The results show that the number of partners involved in the innovation process is a significant factor, whereas work experience has an impact only when considered in conjunction with other variables. This study contributes to the understanding of lead user innovation by demonstrating that factors beyond just trends and benefits can influence the success or failure of innovation and provides new insights into the role of the innovation process and regulatory authorities.

An algebraic integer is said large if all its real or complex embeddings have absolute value larger than 1. An integral ideal is said large if it admits a large generator. We investigate the notion of largeness, relating it to some arithmetic invariants of the field involved, such as the regulator and the covering radius of the lattice of units. We also study its connection with the Weil height and the Bogomolov property. We provide an algorithm for testing largeness and give some applications to the construction of floor functions arising in the theory of continued fractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research was to assess the legitimacy of the establishment and functioning of the regulator (PGW Wody Polskie), responsible for approving tariffs for water supply and sewage disposal. Answers were sought as to the sense of its functioning and whether the tasks entrusted to it are performed properly. The main research method used in this study was a document survey consisting of a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content contained. A review of available documents on the subject matter addressed was carried out. tMoreover, he opinion of local government officials and water and sewer entrepreneurs themselves on the functioning of PGW Wody Polskie was read. The author considers whether it is not better to return to the approval of tariffs at the level of municipal councils, as was the case before the amendment of the law. A thesis is put forward relating to the current way in which the regulator approves tariffs for the supply of municipal water and sewage by paying attention to the political issues of decision-making in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 2008 is etched in human history as the year of the 'Global Financial Crises'. Post the crises, Historians and financial commentators alike rushed to impute blame. Some blamed securitizations, some the banks and some Lehman Brothers and AIG. However, in the midst of all of this humbug, a key epicentre of the crises escaped academic scrutiny; 'Automation Technology'. The paper therefore aims to present an alternative view of financial history; one which impleads 'automation technology in finance' i.e., Risk Modelling Algorithms and RegTech. However, the underlying aim of this paper is to make a case against systemic automation bias in finance and to achieve that end, the paper employs an inter-disciplinary approach and uses history, law and data science to show case the multifarious perils of using automation technology blindfold in finance whilst also proposing possible solutions such as the incorporating of design thinking and systems theory in finance. Expired data sets, human assumptions, turning code in law, and a lack of standardized financial semantics as but some of these 'perils'. On the law front; it presents a twofold challenge under constitutional and anti-trust law and aims to reconcile law and technology. Lastly the paper aims to guide regulators by categorizing multiple stages of technological complexity and recommends application of different regulatory approaches to regulating automation. Therefore, the paper shall maintain a 'solution' oriented approach throughout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Legal Research Quarterly is the property of Shahid Beheshti University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Actual Problems of Jurisprudence / Habaršy. Zan̦ Seriâsy is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)