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The aim of this study was to investigate the yield and protein in grains of two high yielding varieties (HYV) transplanted Aman rice. The trial included two assortments viz. BRRI dhan62 and BRRI dhan66; three spacing's viz. 25 cm x 15 cm, 20 cm x 15 cm and 20 cm x 10 cm; and four nitrogen doses viz. 0, 60, 80 and 100 kg/ha. The study was conducted with randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the replication was three. At 70 DAS the tallest plant (126.40 cm), tillers/hill (11.00) and dry matter/hill (21.89 g) were delivered in association of BRRI dhan66 x spacing (25 cm x 15 cm) x fertilizer 100 kg N/ha. The most noteworthy leaf area index (1.16) was recorded in BRRI dhan66 x spacing (25 cm x 15 cm) x fertilizer 100 kg N/ha. The highest productive tillers/hill (7.33), longest panicle (23.74 cm), grains/panicle (129.3), weight of 1000-grain (26.50 g), grain (4.52 t/ha), straw (5.92 t/ha) yields and grain protein content (12.32%) were raised in BRRI dhan66 x spacing (25 cm x 15 cm) x fertilizer 100 kg N/ha. The most elevated harvest index was found (47.72%) in BRRI dhan66 x spacing (20 cm x 10 cm) x fertilizer 60 kg N/ha. BRRI dhan66 with 25 cm x 15 cm planting and treated with 100 kg N/ha was the most promising interaction for enhancing yield and protein status of grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise in environmental nitrogen (N) is a worldwide concern, particularly in southern China, which contains highly N-contaminated areas. The ecological outcome of the increase in N should be paid additional consideration. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the impact of N on seed germination and seedling emergence of four timber species in subtropical southern China. We conducted a growth chamber experiment with three nitrogen fertilizers i.e., Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4, Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3), and Potassium Nitrate (KNO3) with three concentrations (0.1%, 0.5% & 1%) along with control treatment (CK). We hypothesized that the impact of N on seed germination and seedling emergence would differ among species and N levels. Results showed that higher N concentration affected Cunninghamia lanceolata, Fokienia hodginisi and Pinus massoniana seedlings compared with Phoebe zhennan. Overall, fresh and dry weight as well as the length of broad-leaved species was better than coniferous and pine species. It was observed that 1% KNO3 solution enhanced the germination capacity, germination time, radicle, and hypocotyl elongation along with fresh and dry weights as compared to (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3. The outcome showed that deposition of 1% KNO3 is promising to increase the germination of seed and seedlings emergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work aims to differentiate the contributions of complete fusion (CF) and incomplete fusion (ICF) components by the measurement and analysis of the forward recoil range distribution of 20Ne projectile with 159Tb target nucleus. The recoil catcher technique has been employed for the identification of residues populated in the collision of 20Neion beam at projectile energy -8.2 MeV per nucleon. The result obtained from the study suggests that the complete fusion reaction occurs with complete momentum transfer, which leads to large recoil ranges of the reaction products. However, the presence of incomplete fusion, resulting from the break-up of 20Ne into 16O + 4He, 12C+ 8Be, and/or 8Be + 12C, involves partial momentum transfer, leading to small recoil ranges where one of the fragments undergoes fusion with the 159Tb target nucleus. Moreover, upon analyzing the data, the ICF fraction (FICF) has been estimated and compared with literature data as a function of various entrance channel parameters, namely Mass-asymmetry (µMA), Coulomb factor (ZPZT), Deformation parameter (β2) and ZPZT-2. The outcomes offer valuable insights into the entrance channel parameters that influence incomplete fusion dynamics. Additionally, a new entrance channel parameter called Zeta (ζ) was introduced to investigate the combined effect of µMA and ZPZT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a study conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University from November 2018 to February 2019, eight advanced populations of Brassica rapa L. were assessed to explore their variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlations and path coefficient considering twelve yield-contributing traits. Significant variation was observed among all populations for all traits. Minimum difference between phenotypic and genotypic variance was noted in most of the traits, while high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation occurred in the number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, thousand seed weight, and seed yield per plant. Traits like days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, and days to 80% maturity exhibited high heritability with low genetic advance. Conversely, the number of siliquae per plant demonstrated high heritability with high genetic advance, suggesting potentiality for trait selection. Correlation analysis identified significant positive associations between seed yield per plant and several traits. Path coefficient analysis highlighted direct positive effects on seed yield per plant from days to 80% maturity, root length, number of secondary branches per plant, and thousand seed weight. Chronologically, G6 performed the best showcasing most of the traits especially seed yield per plant and days to 80% maturity which can be considered as important breeding material for improvement of B. rapa L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In breeding programs, direct selection based on crop yields is paradoxical due to its complex polygenically inherited nature, that is impacted by its component traits. To determine the degree of relationship between yield and yield components and other traits in nine barley varieties, a field experiment was carried out at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jashore during Rabi 2021-2022. For plant height, disease and insect reaction, and grain yield, substantial heritability together with strong genetic progress as a percentage of mean were detected, indicating a prevalence of additive gene action in the expression of these traits. At both the genotypic and phenotypic levels, the correlation coefficient between grain yield was shown to be positively correlated with plant height and thousand grain weight, indicating that an increase in these traits will boost grain production. Both genotypic and phenotypic analysis of the path coefficient demonstrated that plant height and thousand grain weight had a direct positive impact on grain production, highlighting the significance of these parameters as the primary contributors to yield. For the purpose of genetically improving barley yield, a genotype with a higher extent of these qualities could be chosen as a parent from among genotypes that already exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give several examples of n-perinormal operators for each n ≥ 3 such as (1) n-perinormal whose restriction to its invariant subspace is not n-perinormal, (2) n-perinormal which is not (n - 1)-perinormal and (3) an invertible n-perinormal operator whose inverse is not n-perinormal. There are several papers studying n-perinormal operators which are using the assertions that a restriction of n-perinormal operator to its invariant subspace, the inverse of n-perinormal operator is also n-perinormal even if n ≥ 3. We remark that if n = 2 then 2-perinormal is equal to quasihyponormal, and since a restriction of quasihyponormal to any invariant subspace is always quasihyponormal, so it is 2-perinormal. And every invertible 2-perinormal is invertible hyponormal, so the inverse of it is also hyponormal and 2-perinormal. We also show that Weyl's theorem holds for every n-perinormal and some results related to the Riesz idempotent of n-perinormal. Moreover, We study fundamental structural characteristics of class of (n; k)-quasiperinormal operators. Also, we show that, if T is (n; k)-quasiperinormal, then T -≥ has finite ascent for all λ ≥ C. Further, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for T S to be in a class of (n; k)-quasiperinormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization of plant nutrients and irrigation regimes hold potential to boost maize growth, cob yield, herbage biomass and revenue generation of maize. A field study was conducted to optimize irrigation and fertilization management for dual-purpose maize. The experiment was comprised four irrigation regimes viz. no irrigation (I0), one irrigation 20 days after sowing (DAS) (I1), two irrigations 20 and 40 DAS (I2), and three irrigations 20, 40 and 60 DAS (I3). The fertilization regimes included a treatment with recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (275-125-80-125-8 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, gypsum and sulfur) (F1), poultry manure (PM) (5 t ha-1) (F2), 75% RDF + PM (2.5 t ha-1) (F3), and 50% RDF + PM (5 t ha-1) (F4). Combination of I3 and F3 outperformed other treatment combinations in terms of most of the yield attributes such as plant height (177.72 cm), cob length with (8.36 cm) and without husk (1.62 cm), and cob (without husk) yield (3.86 t ha-1). This treatment combination also produced maize with the highest protein content of leaves and cobs. However, the highest green herbage yield (29.99 t ha-1) was recorded with I1×F1, which remained at par with I1×F3. It took 20 additional days for crop switching from fodder harvest to attain baby corn maturity. The economic analysis revealed that I3×F3 treatment combination generated the greatest economic revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Success stories that encompass entirely from callus induction to fruit bearing of tomato are very limited. Here, this study uncovers an optimized protocol for in vitro regeneration of BARI Tomato-15 which successfully leads to fruit bearing. First leaf and epicotyls were used as explant in MS medium with different concentrations of Indol-3 acetic acid (IAA) and 6-Benzyl amino purin (BAP) for regeneration. MS media containing 0.5 mg L-1 IAA + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 IAA + 2.0 mg L-1 BAP performed best and exhibited the highest frequencies of callus formation and regeneration from first leaves and epicotyl. A combination of 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 IAA exhibited the longest shoot (11.33 cm) and root (7.00 cm) length at in vitro conditions. Plants derived from the same combination produced the highest number of leaves (22) and plant height (8.33 cm), and accelerated early flowering and increased fruit bearing (134-plant) with satisfactory yield (5.71 kg-plant) after acclimatization at field condition. Therefore, MS media containing 0.5 mg L-1 IAA + 0.5 mg L-1 BAP could be an effective combination for regeneration and development of an early maturing tomato cultivar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]