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Trimethylaminuria (TMAU), colloquially known as fish odour syndrome, is a rare metabolic disorder characterised by the body's inability to properly metabolise Trimethylamine (TMA), resulting in a distinctive and unpleasant fishy odour in bodily secretions. This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, genetic basis, diagnostic challenges, and psychological impact of TMAU, along with management strategies. Genetic mutations affecting the flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) enzyme, which is responsible for TMA metabolism, contribute to the condition's hereditary nature. Diagnosis can be challenging due to intermittent symptoms and overlaps with other conditions, such as Olfactory Reference Syndrome (ORS). The psychosocial impact of TMAU can be profound, leading to embarrassment, social isolation, and mental health issues. Management strategies include dietary modifications, supplements, antibiotics, and hygiene measures to alleviate symptoms. Despite advances in understanding TMAU, further research is needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic approaches, ultimately improving the quality of life for affected individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration of cannabis, particularly its legitimisation and multifaceted uses, is pivotal in understanding its historical significance, chemical composition, therapeutic potential, and societal implications. This narrative review traverses millennia of cannabis usage for medicinal, recreational, and spiritual purposes, juxtaposed with contemporary legislative shifts, notably in the United States. As perceptions evolve, especially with state-level legalisation contrasting federal prohibition, the review scrutinises the burgeoning use of cannabis products, particularly among youth, and the evolving regulatory frameworks. Neurological effects of cannabis use, including impacts on brain structure and function, are examined alongside potential benefits and risks in various medical contexts. Challenges in conducting rigorous clinical research, primarily due to legal and pharmaceutical constraints, are outlined. The review delves into the complexities of cannabis usage during pregnancy and the conflicting scientific data, presenting challenges in advising expectant mothers. Cannabis' diverse applications in treating various disorders, ranging from chronic pain to neurological conditions, are explored, shedding light on the potential benefits and limitations. The review highlights the pharmacological dynamics and clinical implications of cannabis-based therapies, emphasising the need for further research to elucidate their efficacy and long-term safety comprehensively. Moreover, the review discusses the pros and cons of CB therapy with high-Cannabidiol (CBD) medicinal cannabis, addressing challenges such as product quality, safety concerns, potential psychoactive effects, drug interactions, and limited research. It underscores the importance of informed decision-making and personalised guidance in navigating the complexities of CB therapy. In conclusion, while cannabis exhibits a wide range of potential medical applications, further research is essential to fully comprehend its therapeutic potential and weigh the associated risks. The review contributes to informed discourse and evidence-based policymaking, emphasising the need for continued research to unlock the full potential of cannabis in healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization is globally rampant; in developing countries such as India, it is driven in a phenomenal pace by an aspiring, young society and ambitious state policies to achieve a competitive space in global economy. "Smart cities" is a new‐age term coined specifically to control, monitor, measure, and evaluate our urban growth, in a way to understand how conducive are our cities for running businesses. Global borders are diminishing, and world‐wide economies compete on multiple dimensions in a level playing field to participate and prosper in global markets. Cities are centers of economic activities, and the economic growth of a country largely depends on safe and supportive cities. Therefore, the need for smart cities is not difficult to establish. The more difficult questions are, "do we really know what a smart city is?" or "what are the elements that go into making an existing city smart?" Such questions are pertinent and timely. This paper attempts to answer these questions in a descriptive manner based on theoretical and empirical observations. We adopt an integrative approach of design conceptualization, policy building, and framework development, substantiated using an Indian city, namely, Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh State as an illustrative case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]