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Background: LGBTQ+ youth engage in organized physical activity to a lesser degree than their cisgender and heterosexual counterparts. Existing literature on this organized physical activity disparity is limited, particularly with LGBTQ+ youth samples. The current analysis examined individual and systemic barriers to organized physical activity for LGBTQ+ youth across sexual, gender, and racial identities. Methods: A subsample of LGBTQ+ students (N = 4566) from the 2021 Dane County Youth Assessment completed items that measured barriers to organized physical activity and systemic factors (ie, family money problems and bias-based bullying) associated with access to organized physical activity. Latent class analysis discerned patterns of individual and systemic barriers to organized physical activity. Latent class regression modeling tested gender, sexual, and racial identities as correlates of latent class membership. Results: More than half of the sample did not participate in organized physical activity. Four profiles of LGBTQ+ youth were discerned based on self-reported barriers: high barrier (8%), bullied (16%), low interest or perceived skills (28%), and low barrier (48%). The low-barrier class included a greater proportion of LGBTQ+ youth who identified as White, or cisgender, or heterosexual as well as youth self-reporting higher organized physical activity. The high-barrier and bullied classes comprised more marginalized gender and sexual identities. Conclusions: LGBTQ+ youth experience individual and systemic barriers to organized physical activity, including inequitable access and bullying, and barriers are uniquely experienced across sexual, gender, and racial identities. Physical activity promotion among LGBTQ+ youth would be strengthened by policies that address inequitable access to opportunities and bias-based bullying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural voters are often portrayed as a monolith of White and conservative, although 22% of the rural population are non-White. Rural minorities, specifically Black rural voters, intersect two potentially competing identities informing political partisanship. First, place: there is a growing geographic schism between rural and urban voters, with rural voters aligning more closely with the Republican party. Second, race: there is a political gap between White and Black voters, with Black voters aligning more closely with the Democratic party. Using data from the 2019 and 2020 ANES Studies I investigate the effects of these intersecting identities on political identification accounting for rural resentment. Rural resentment, or feelings of a loss of political power to urban areas, is found among both White and Black rural voters. For Black rural voters, a strong race identity can buffer the effects of rural resentment, keeping them from pushing toward the Republican party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racism is pervasive in our educational systems with direct ramifications on the mental wellness of preservice teachers who are historically marginalised. Using identity performances and racial battle fatigue to frame this work, we investigate ways in which preservice teachers from historically marginalised populations give voice to the impact of racism on their mental wellness. Findings focused on student experiences of trauma related to identity and the psychological and physiological material effects of racism on well-being. Implications of the effect of racism on their well-being include obligations for teacher preparatory programmes steeped in racism and White supremacy as they must adopt changes in practice, pedagogy, and systems of support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Background Method Results Conclusion Implications To examine the racial socialization practices of White fathers with their biological Black and White biracial sons.Socializing children of color to live in a society where they may experience discrimination is an essential part of parenting. This may be challenging for White fathers with Black biracial sons because of their different lived experiences, which can be harmful to their sons.A phenomenological approach was used to conduct 10 in‐depth, semistructured interviews with a sample of White fathers with biological Black biracial sons. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.Four racial socialization practices were identified: (a) talking to son about his racial/cultural heritages, (b) exposing son to his racial/cultural heritages, (c) exposing son to environments that are diverse, and (d) talking to son about discrimination.Family professionals can work with White fathers to help them overcome any challenges they may encounter to socialize their Black biracial sons to navigate society as a man of color.Family practitioners and school personnel can promote and encourage the attendance of parenting programs that focus on discussing discrimination with children and strategies parents can use to develop a healthy multiracial identity in children. Religious leaders can encourage diversity with International Day celebrations and facilitate discussions with congregants about racial inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While many frameworks exist for building person-centered and equitable systems of contraceptive care, evidence indicates that the reality of patients' experiences of care is often not in alignment with these ideals. Historical and current contexts of racism in the healthcare system contribute to negative perceptions and experiences of care, as well as reduced care-seeking behavior, for those who identify as Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC). Our objective in this analysis is to examine whether people's past experiences of contraceptive care are a driver of subsequent barriers to contraceptive access, and whether this relationship differs across racial and ethnic identity. We draw on panel data from five waves of surveys collected between 2018–2023 among patients ages fifteen and older seeking family planning care at sites that receive public funding for these services in Arizona, Iowa, and Wisconsin. Overall and stratified by race/ethnicity, we examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between patients' experiences of high-quality, person-centered contraceptive care and three contraceptive access outcomes: use of preferred contraception, satisfaction with contraceptive method, and experience of no barriers to accessing preferred contraception. We find longitudinal associations between patients experiencing higher-quality, more person-centered contraceptive care and subsequent satisfaction with contraceptive methods. Among non-Hispanic white-identifying patients, we find similar associations between shifting to higher-quality contraceptive care and use of preferred contraception, but we find no statistical relationship between experiencing higher-quality care and subsequent contraceptive outcomes for patients who identify as Black, Indigenous, or Person of Color (BIPOC). Highlighting the dissonance between clinical guidance for quality contraceptive care and patient experiences of care, and especially whether similar experiences across racial and ethnic identity lead to differential outcomes, is a crucial step toward bringing contraceptive care systems into alignment with principles of sexual and reproductive health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores whether racial identity and appearance-based trustworthiness judgments can affect recognition of pain in medical students differing in levels of resting heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of parasympathetic control of the heart. After undergoing HRV assessment, 68 medical students (37 females) participated in a dynamic pain recognition task, viewing video clips of White and Black faces, which differed in perceived trustworthiness based on facial appearance, transitioning from neutral to intense pain expressions. Response time, pain intensity attribution and treatment recommendations were analyzed. Pain was recognized slower and estimated as less intense in Black compared to White faces, leading to a lower likelihood of recommending therapy. Pain recognition was faster for untrustworthy-looking White faces compared to trustworthy ones, while perceived trustworthiness had a minimal impact on the speed of pain recognition in Black faces. However, untrustworthy-looking faces were estimated to express more pain, particularly for Black faces. Notably, these biases were more pronounced in individuals with low, rather than high, resting HRV. Considering that therapeutic decisions mirrored pain intensity attribution, it would be important to increase awareness of these biases during medical training in order to promote equity in future pain assessment and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant developmental task for adolescents growing up in diverse societies is exploring their ethnic and cultural identities to develop a clear understanding of what these identities mean for their lives. Schools, especially teachers, are crucial socialization agents that can contribute to ethnic/racial identity development among adolescents and promote civic norms and values, such as the appreciation of diverse perspectives and embracing differences. Despite this pivotal role, empirical literature lacks a systematic examination of the experiences of pre- and in-service teachers working in diverse school settings. Recognizing this gap, the current topic issue presents six papers aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of teachers' perspectives and challenges regarding ethnic/racial issues, along with their reflections on the transformations through training or seminars developed as part of the Identity Project or through implementing the Identity Project in schools. In this paper, our goal is to discuss the main findings of these six papers by integrating them with existing empirical literature. We also raise some methodological and conceptual considerations to advance research aimed at fostering culturally responsive teaching and cultivating equity-minded educators, and ultimately nurturing future generations with positive self-perceptions and genuine acceptance and respect for others from diverse backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the changing Black family and households. The core theme is to understand the uniqueness of those single and living alone in the Black middle class—the "Love Jones Cohort"—and how their intersecting identities of race, class, gender, and singleness inform their lifestyle, shape how they manage life decisions, and their relationship to policy as well as family law and family court. This essay moves beyond the popularized and omnipresent inquiry: "Why are Black women not getting married?" or "Why are there so many single professional Black women?" This line of questioning throws the spotlight squarely on Black women's individual dating practices, while often ignoring structural factors that undergird those decision‐making processes. It implies that because of the individual actions of the Love Jones Cohort, specifically Black women, they are somehow at a deficiency if they are not married and child‐free, rendering them invisible as a family. This article discusses the legal implications of the presence of the Love Jones Cohort. Key points for the family court community: The concept of the family needs to be reframed, culturally and structurally, to include the growing number of persons who remain single and live alone.Living alone and single comes with personal freedoms and risks.Understand how structural factors constrain personal choices so that those single and living alone are not discriminated against in, family law, family court, and other legal matters.Adopt an intersectional lens to understand that singlehood looks differently for some people and is shaped by intersecting and marginalizing identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though today "Asian American" marks a category that has been used to indicate a narrowly racial or cultural identity, at its inception in the late 1960s, Asian American was an idea of political community routed through the language of national liberation. The emergence of Asian American was facilitated through the appearance of revolutionary subjects on the global stage of Third Worldism, in which Asian indexed a new radical political subject. This paper traces debates within the Asian American Movement over the national question, elucidating a historical moment in which activists sought to define the structural position of Asians in the US in relation to a global struggle against capitalism and towards decolonization. Drawing from archival research and original oral history interviews, I argue that national question debates indexed the contradictions of integrating the US and Asia, race and class, reform and revolution, into a unified political program. Furthermore, I trace the evolution of the idea of Asian American self-determination from its revolutionary Third Worldist roots in the 1970s to forays into electoral and special interest politics in the 1980s, arguing that the two periods held more continuity with each other than rupture. I suggest that the US transition from Third Worldism to multiculturalism was overdetermined by the decline of national liberation movements and the introduction of market reforms in Asian socialist states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The far-right identification of Jews with modernity has been noted by many scholars, yet most analyses have fallen short of offering a properly dialectical account of antisemitism, one that will scrutinise the antinomies at the heart of the antisemitic discourse and trace their relations to the contradictions of modernity itself. In this paper, I will make modernity as movement the focus of the analysis.Modernity, philosophically underpinned by the Enlightenment, and politically ushered in by the French Revolution of 1789, was seen by its reactionary and fascist opponents both as a time of great upheaval, constant change and social disruption, but also as the setting-up of an era of stasis and degeneration. It was paradoxically decried, sometimes simultaneously, as both helplessly nomadic and incurably sedentary. And in both respects ‘the Jew’ and ‘the Jewish spirit’ were often placed, no matter how spuriously, at the very centre of attacks. Qua ‘wandering’ or ‘eternal’, the Jews were seen as embodying the spirit of restlessness and lack of roots, undermining tradition and fixed national and racial identities; their dynamic role as revolutionaries, conspirators and rabble rousers was ritually denounced.Jews were also condemned, however, as a major obstacle to movement and expansion, the arch-enemies of imperialism, seeking to establish a realm of universal brotherhood, peace and egalitarianism. By attacking the Jews, reactionaries and fascists thus attempted to settle their scores with a modernity that they feared and loathed in equal measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Method Results Discussion Black individuals remain underrepresented in disordered eating research, despite evidence that both Black men and women present with disordered eating behaviors. Culturally‐informed theoretical frameworks suggest that these behaviors may be linked to race‐related sociocultural experiences, such as aspects of racial identity. While studies have focused on racial identity commitment, the association between attitudes toward one's racial identity and disordered eating remains underexplored. The present study examines whether positive attitudes toward one's Blackness and Black culture are associated with disordered eating.In a cross‐sectional online sample of Black men and women (N = 458), we measured self‐reported attitudes toward Blackness (i.e., centrality and private regard) and disordered eating behaviors (i.e., purging, binge eating, excessive exercise, and drive for thinness).In pre‐registered linear regression models, private regard was negatively associated with purging and binge eating. Across all models, centrality was not associated with disordered eating. On average, Black women reported greater drive for thinness whereas Black men reported higher excessive exercise scores.This is the first study to demonstrate associations between racial attitudes and disordered eating among Black men and women. Our findings affirm unique correlates of disordered eating among Black people and suggest that positive attitudes toward one's Blackness and Black culture may be a protective factor against the development of disordered eating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the role of social media in the Black Lives Matter (BLM) Movement by examining how social media news use impacts BLM protest action. Theoretically, we go beyond the frequently discussed relationship between social media and protest participation and examine how grievances, political efficacy, and racial identity conditionally impact the influence of social media on protest engagement. The findings suggest that social media news use amplifies, rather than reduces, the gaps between engaged and disengaged citizens regarding protest participation, particularly in the online sphere. These indicate that social media is not an equalizing tool for BLM participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on racial and ethnic socialisation of Latinxs has focused on ethnic socialisation while under-examining the racial discourses and ideologies that Latinxs use when discussing racial and ethnic identity and stratification in their families. This study draws on 65 interviews with predominantly U.S.-born Latinxs. Using the theoretical framework of racial formation, I develop the racial and ethnic socialisation (RES) continuum to conceptualise the content of racial discourses present in Latinx families that reflect a range of racial ideologies. There are five discursive styles that fall into three general types of racial ideologies: (1) maintenance of hierarchies, (2) lack of direct discussions about race and ethnicity, and (3) anti-racist and feminist socialisation, but with flaws. The RES continuum contributes to research on racialisation by developing the processes of how structural racism unfolds in Latinx families through racial discourses and racial and ethnic socialisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ethnographic paper explores attitudes and perceptions of Palestinian citizens of Israel (PCI) regarding Palestinians from the West Bank (PWB). It focuses on the semantic complex of ḍaffāwi ('who comes from the West Bank'), which entails a combination of cultural superiority, distrust, romanticizing, and ambivalence. Treating the ḍaffāwi as a speech act and reading it as a cultural text that is rooted in PCI's collective political unconscious, we argue that their mixed attitudes of superiority and idealization with regard to WBP, and by implication their self-Orientalism, reflect a deep sense of deadlock that characterizes their identity work, as indigenous citizens of an ethnocratic state that has been colonizing their people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the relationship between migration, race, and borders. It argues that race is not a natural attribute but a socio-political construct that has been used to justify inequalities and hierarchies. The author emphasizes the importance of understanding migration within the context of racialization and the legacies of colonialism and racism. They also highlight the need to challenge the distinction between migrants and refugees and the racialized discourses surrounding migration. The article concludes by asserting that borders and nationalism are inherently prone to racialization, further reinforcing the artificial divisions created by race. [Extracted from the article]

While international students' experiences of academic bullying from their advisors have been documented in the literature (e.g., Moss & Mahmoudi, 2021), little is known regarding how race and other identities intersect in normalizing and perpetuating academic bullying within higher education. Utilizing Asian critical theory (Iftikar & Museus, 2018) and interpretative phenomenological analysis (Smith et al., 2022) as the theoretical and methodological lenses, this study examines five Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Asian international doctoral students' experiences of academic bullying specifically as a racialized phenomenon. Employing in-depth semi-structured interviews, it is found that racialized academic bullying is operationalized and perpetuated through racialized stereotypes, maintaining White supremacy, and oppressions compounded by intersecting identities. Implications and recommendations are offered as to what stakeholders can do collectively to address racialized academic bullying towards minoritized students and combat systemic inequities and oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard demographic research has typically constrained the existence of identity fluidity, assuming that demographic categories such as race or ethnicity and sex or gender should be static across the life course and measuring them as such. However, recent research and changes in data collection practices highlight the limitations of this approach by demonstrating fluidity in both racial and gender identities that rivals levels of fluidity in other identity categories, such as sexual orientation, that are more commonly seen as changeable over time. This review examines what is known about current levels of fluidity in gender, sexual orientation, and racial identities as well as known correlates and consequences for research on inequality, based primarily but not exclusively on research conducted in the United States. The implications of fluid identities for data collection and analysis, as well as prospects for future levels of fluidity, are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite increasing racial diversity in the United States, and the particular growth of multiracial populations, questions about how children perceive others’ (bi)racial identities remain poorly understood. In two preregistered studies, we asked White and racially minoritized American children (N = 157; 4–11‐years old) and White and multiracial adults (N = 226) how acceptable it was for monoracial people (Black or White; Study 1) and/or biracial people (Black–White; Studies 1 and 2) to claim either a monoracial or biracial identity. Consistent with past research with adults, children said that monoracial people should claim (only) the monoracial identity which matched their ancestry. Judgements about biracial identity were more variable. White and multiracial adults (Study 2) reported that biracial targets could claim a racial identity that matched either or both of their parents, with biracial claims being evaluated most positively. Exploratory analyses on children's judgements about biracial people's identity claims (Study 1) revealed different patterns of development for White children and children from minoritized backgrounds. Whereas White children became more likely with age to report that all identity claims were acceptable, children from racially minoritized groups became more likely with age to endorse biracial targets who claimed a biracial identity. These findings suggest that children's own racial background and age may have a larger impact on their perceptions of biracial people's identities, compared to their perceptions of monoracial people's identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Unseen Things": Social Difference, Supernatural Beings, and Subterranean Matters" by Andrea Marston delves into the historical and spatial exploration of Bolivia's tin mines, emphasizing the significance of subterranean materialities in shaping national identity and social hierarchies. Marston highlights the interdependence between identity, materiality, and labor practices, showcasing examples of individuals challenging traditional gender roles and racial categorizations within the mining industry. The book also touches upon the researcher's bodily experiences underground, shedding light on the corporeal dimensions of ethnographic research. While Marston's materialist history approach provides valuable insights, the text leaves room for further exploration of the role of supernatural beings, such as El Tío, in shaping miner practices and resource access. [Extracted from the article]

Although White allies attempt to support racial justice movements, their behaviors can be interpreted as performative rather than genuine by racially minoritized individuals. In the current work, I discuss how White individuals' personal connection to their racial identity and the power it confers—White identity form—shapes their allyship behaviors. Specifically, moving beyond conceptualizations of White identity as centrality, I call for a study of White identity that incorporates power‐relevant ideologies, understanding how White individuals make meaning of their unearned privilege and incorporate it into their self‐concept. I suggest that a power‐cognizant identity form, which involves personally connecting the self to Whiteness and unearned power, is necessary for White individuals to engage in genuine anti‐racist allyship. I discuss White identity measurement issues as well as potential interventions for promoting a power‐cognizant identity form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic identity is a major area of study across many disciplines including psychology, sociology, anthropology, and political science. Yet, little is known about changes in ethnic identity across the adult lifespan, and whether such changes are driven by normal aging processes (aging effects), unique societal influences linked with one's formative years (cohort effects), or social changes during a specific time frame (period effects). We address these key oversights by utilizing 13 annual waves of longitudinal panel data from a nationwide random sample of both ethnic majority (N = 49,660) and Indigenous ethnic minority (N = 8,325) group members in New Zealand to examine changes in ethnic identity centrality using cohort-sequential latent growth modeling. This approach helps to identify changes in mean levels of ethnic identity centrality over time and whether such changes are driven by aging, cohort, and/or period effects. Our data reveal that, among both ethnic majority and ethnic minority individuals, changes in ethnic identity centrality were informed by a combination of normative aging processes, societal circumstances that reflected the unique historical context in which people grew to maturity, and societal changes during the 13 annual assessments of our study. Collectively, these results demonstrate for the first time that ethnic identity centrality in adulthood is subject to lifelong changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electoral campaigns are increasingly reliant on small donations from individual donors. In this work, we examine the influence of racial and partisan social descriptive norms on donation behavior using a randomized field experiment. We find that partisan identity information treatments significantly increase donation behavior, while racial identity information has only small and insignificant effect compared to the control. We find, however, significant variation by racial status. For minorities, information about the behavior of other donors in their racial group is as powerful or more powerful than information about co-partisan behavior, while white respondents are much more responsive to information about co-partisan behavior than to information about co-racial behavior. Our results show that partisan and racial identity based social normative information can have a strong effect on actual donation behaviors and how these normative motivations vary across racial groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that, in Richard Wright's Native Son (1940), Boris Max's pronouncement to his client, "This thing's bigger than you," indicates not only the aporetic status of Black being—and ultimately, all singularities—in modernity but also the process through which this hard knot can begin to be unraveled. The communist lawyer at once identifies his client with Mary Dalton's murder and its aftermath ("This thing's Bigger") and, through the identification, seems to miss the singularity of his being ("bigger than you"). The double gesture repeats Karl Marx's identification of the proletariat as the particularity that encompasses the "concrete universal." Condensed in Max's speech act, Wright's argument turns Marx's characterization of capitalist modernity into one of diasporic modernity. In several of his texts, Wright indicates that, while the modern era promised the emergence of this self-determining, rational being, the birth was aborted by the "tragic error" of the African slave trade and the consequent forms of bad faith that are characteristic of modern racial identities. This history of bad faith has prevented the actualization of modernity's promise; with Boris Max's formula for Bigger's aporetic being, Wright seeks to precipitate modernity's second coming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substance use disorders are some of the most stigmatized disorders compared to other mental health conditions. Little research has examined self-stigma felt by adolescents (ages 15-17) and young adults (ages 18-22) diagnosed with a substance use disorder, and less research has focused on how racial identity may exacerbate stigma. Using a between-subjects design, the present study analyzed self-stigma of 133 adolescents and young adults using the Substance Abuse Self-Stigma Scale. One-way analyses of variance demonstrated that adolescents and young adults who did not identify as White reported significantly higher levels of stigma compared to their White peers on total scale measures of stigma, F(1, 131) = 104, p < .001, χ² = .44, as well as subscales of self-devaluation, F(1, 131) = 37.9, p < .001, χ² = .22, fear of enacted stigma, F(1, 131) = 88.78, p < .001, χ² = .40, and stigma avoidance/values disengagement, F(1, 131) = 101.73, p < .001, χ² = .43. The findings have important implications for the psychological wellness of adolescents and young adults diagnosed with substance use disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article defends an account of racism as centrally an ideology, a system of illusory ideas. It argues that the relevant ideology has the effect of oppressing people of some racial identities, an idea it explains and explores. It defines 'racialism' as a kind of essentialism about racial identities and argues that it is false. Both racialism and the vice of racism, which consists of having morally impermissible attitudes to people in virtue of their racial identities, are among the consequences of racial ideology. On this view, not all differential treatment on the basis of racial identity is racist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research suggests that BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color) adolescents have the best developmental outcomes when strong, positive ethnic‐racial identity (ERI) is acknowledged and embraced. This study investigated whether discrimination, internalizing symptomology, parent socialization, and/or interactions of these variables were associated with adolescent ERI, specifically in exploration, resolution, and affirmation, to illuminate nuanced ways BIPOC youth can achieve positive ERI. Recruited from third‐party research panels, surveyed participants were adolescents (Mage = 15.28; 51.6% male) of diverse ethnic/racial groups and socioeconomic backgrounds from all regions of the United States. Overall, results showed that there were four significant main effects on ERI: a negative relation between internalizing symptomology and exploration, a positive relation between parent socialization and exploration, a positive relation between parent socialization and resolution, and a negative relation between internalizing symptomology and affirmation. There were also two significant interactive effects such that (1) discrimination had a stronger negative relation with affirmation under condition of high internalizing, and (2) parent socialization had a stronger positive relation with affirmation under condition of high internalizing. Results show development of ERI in adolescence is subject to multiple, interactive influences. Main and interactive effects highlight the contextual role that mental health implicates for youth of color. Implications for parents and practitioners are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the life and travels of the Victorian explorer Isabella Bird Bishop offers important insights into the history of disabled people within the discipline of geography. Bird Bishop is an important figure within geography's disciplinary history, as one of the first women admitted to the Royal Geographical Society in 1892. She also had a long‐standing spinal condition that intermingled with psychological symptoms. In studying how her disability (and contemporary understandings of her body) shaped her travels, this paper shows how disability interacted with Bird Bishop's racial and gender identity in shaping where and how she travelled and how she wrote about her experiences. By drawing attention to the role that disability played in justifying her travels and the positive effect travel had on her health, this paper highlights her generally positive experiences of geographical travel as a disabled person. Studying Isabella Bird Bishop's life reveals insights into the history of disabled people in geography. She was one of the first women admitted to the Royal Geographical Society in 1892 and had a spinal condition affecting her travels, physical health and psychological well‐being. This paper analyses how Bird Bishop's gender, class and racial identity interacted with her disability at home and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pairing affect theory with raciolinguistic perspectives, this study examines the racialized and embodied identities of second-generation Chinese American heritage language learners. Drawing on the data collected through in-depth interviews, the study observes that second-generation Chinese Americans' affective experiences, such as their racialized and embodied encounters with food, fashion, accent, and physical appearance, play a crucial role in shaping their identities. These individuals reported a mix of both heritage and American identities, which stemmed from their embodied exposure to languages and cultures. While they originally felt pressured to assimilate to the dominant culture, the Chinese American individuals reported that their heritage identities evolved over time as they began to counter raciolinguistic ideologies through reflecting on their embodied and racialized experience. This study raises a number of pedagogical issues regarding second-generation heritage language learners and discusses ways to develop antiracist pedagogy in the context of heritage language education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The counterstories of Black and Asian women faculty across three Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) as interpreted through Critical Race Feminism are shared in a Reader's Theater format presented as three acts featuring conversations between the participants. In Act I, Black women faculty revealed experiences with Anti-Blackness and colorism surrounding their HSIs. Act II revealed a need for mentoring. In Act III, Black and Asian women faculty shared feeling the onus was placed upon them to build cultural competence on their HSI campuses. This Reader's Theater denotes a need for HSIs to foster an inclusive environment for Black and Asian women faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent scholarship has attempted to amplify the voices and intentions of Black fathers to establish a healthy presence in the academic and school-based lives of their children. However, schools as mesolevel instantiations of civil society and culture often preclude Black fathers from carrying out this prosocial role. The basis for this, we argue, resides in the logic of antiblack misandry. In this article, we demonstrate how a sample of Black fathers perceive how they—and Black men at large—are viewed as inherent outsiders within their children's school and the ways they respond to these perceptions and subsequent treatment. Analysis produced three overarching themes–perceptions and experiences, counterfactual experiences, and attitudes and actions. Findings affirm a stereotyped pattern of Black fathers being seen and treated as absent, dangerous, or unimportant to their children's schooling lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic-racial socialization refers to the implicit and explicit ways individuals learn about race and ethnicity from family, media, community, and peers (Hughes et al., 2016). Ethnic-racial socialization is a central part of familial conversations for Black, Indigenous, and families of color. This research uses ego-centered network analysis to explore the different patterns and meaning-making in families when discussing issues of race and ethnicity. Overall, four family map types emerged from the data: expansive, concentrated, condensed, and balanced. In addition, participants described different themes according to their map type, overall demonstrating the multitude of ways ethnic-racial socialization manifests in families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how Southeast Asian American students develop their ethnoracial identities at an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institution (AANAPISI) and a non-AANAPISI, and if there are differences between the two institutions. Drawing on interviews with 26 Southeast Asian American undergraduate students, I find that students use three outlets at both institutions to further develop their ethnoracial identities: 1) Asian American Studies or related courses, 2) ethnoracial student organizations, and 3) ethnoracial events. However, these outlets provided students with a different type of ethnoracial identity development – political ethnoracial identity or social ethnoracial identity. Those that did not participate in these outlets had a colorblind ethnoracial identity as they still acknowledged their ethnoracial identities but did not view race or racism as relevant. The AANAPISI designation did not matter in the parameters of this study, as there were no differences for students at both institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relational and emotional practices intensive in emotional labor play an essential role for high‐level decision making, even though this labor is often devalued or unseen. United States presidents can often present themselves as rational and emotionally detached because they delegate emotional work to other members of their team. The burden of such work is unequally distributed along gender and racial lines. It involves expressing empathic concern, repairing relations, anticipating others' emotional responses, protecting marginalized colleagues, speaking hard truths, and providing emotional support to help others regulate their emotions. This article contributes to research on emotions in decision making, public administration, and presidency studies. Case studies of Nancy Reagan and Valerie Jarrett—who played important roles in the Reagan and Obama administrations, respectively—illustrate the article's main argument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symbolic interactionism is useful for examining how various socialization contexts (e.g., family and media) inform adolescents' identity construction and role making. Some research supports the theory's application in understanding White adolescents' racial socialization and identity development. The theory has yet to be applied to understanding the critical components that are essential for understanding how individuals interact with a digital society where racial inequality is pervasive. We propose a model of White adolescents' racial identity in response to racial socialization, and how that relationship manifests in social media contexts. We discuss how racial and social media literacies interact with family socialization and identity‐related experiences to promote White adolescents' critical race consciousness and introduce a novel application of digital critical racial literacy and digital anti‐racist action. The model advances symbolic interactionism by incorporating a critical lens, and can inform interventions aimed to educate parents, White youth, and social‐media developers on anti‐racist development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literacy scholarship captures immigrant youth of color ethnoracial identity constructions through their digital literacy practices. Still, few studies examine how immigrant youth of African origin use digital literacy to navigate ethnoracial tensions and craft racialized identities. Drawing on raciolinguistic and postcolonial theory, this study extends and nuances existing scholarship by examining the digital literacy practices and ethnoracial identity formations of a 13-year-old Nigerian girl who migrated to the United States. Positioning my analysis within the intersection of race, language, and identity, I inquire: How does Isioma leverage digital literacies to navigate U.S. racialization and negotiate U.S. racial identity categories? Furthermore, how does Isioma employ digital literacies to construct and negotiate her ethnoracial identities? I employ a narrative analysis of home observations, semistructured interviews, and literacy artifacts. Findings illustrate how digital tools disrupt raciolinguistic perspectives against minoritized languages. Digital literacies also enable the preservation of ethnic identities and languages while influencing racialized and hybrid identity formation and narration in the physical world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines how recent scholarship on religion and Reconstruction has highlighted the central role of churches in the post-emancipation South, emphasizing their impact on racial identity, gender roles, and political engagement. It also discusses the evolution of scholarly focus from civil rights-era studies of enslaved religion to contemporary analyses of Black religious institutions, their political strategies, and the intricate intersections of race, religion, and politics.

How do participants navigate the sexual politics of multiracial dating and how does this relate to belonging? The results of this study illustrate that the 21 participants interviewed faced internal and external struggles and triumphs due to their mixed-race identity. For participants, trying to situate themselves into just one racial identity when they straddled both became a point of contention with romantic partners and themselves. Moreover, participants struggled with feeling like they were "enough" and if they belonged. Furthermore, mixed-race women and non-binary people were forced to navigate the racial expectations of others as well as the fetishization of their mixed-race identity. In turn, this impacted confidence levels, self-esteem, and sense of belonging and authenticity. The findings contribute to research on desirability and critical mixed-race studies by examining how mixed-race women and non-binary people perceive their own desirability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Grade 9 South African history curriculum teaches the history of the Holocaust as an introduction to the study of apartheid. Students are taught how racial identities are constructed, codified into law, and weaponized for the purposes of discrimination and genocide. They are taught that racialized discrimination can happen anywhere—not only in South Africa—and that we must be vigilant lest it happens again. Curriculum developers—supported by international literature (e.g. UNESCO publications)—believe that learning about the Holocaust will act as a "bridge" to learning about apartheid. 1 By teaching young South Africans difficult history that is emotionally, geographically, and temporally removed from their own country, educators believed that students will be better prepared to study the complex history of apartheid. Yet what is the impact of this comparative approach? 2 The author's ten-month ethnographic study explores how Grade 9 students in one majority-White history classroom in Cape Town learned about the Holocaust and apartheid. Developing Epstein's idea of an "interpretive frame," 3 this empirical study contributes to ongoing debates on whether and how genocides and other atrocities can be meaningfully compared in the history classroom. 4 Furthermore, it questions whether using Holocaust education as a "bridge" 5 to domestic injustices and persecution will significantly improve historical understanding, tolerance, and moral reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, Black women have been susceptible to the effects of race- and gender-related stress, such as the sexually promiscuous Jezebel or the motherly Mammy stereotypes. However, few studies have centered on the influence of the Sapphire stereotype--defined as being overbearing, emasculating, and aggressive--on Black women's health. Due to these stereotypes, Black women may utilize different coping strategies such as disengagement coping--limiting one's interpersonal interactions-- to manage these stressors. Yet, little research has specifically examined how Black women's gendered racial identity development relates to internalization of the Sapphire stereotype. The present study aimed to explore whether gendered racial identity centrality moderates the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement coping among Black women. Two hundred ninetyeight Black/African American women between the ages of 18-52 completed an online survey via Qualtrics. Based on the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, we hypothesized that gendered racial identity centrality will moderate the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement coping. Consistent with the hypothesis, the results indicated that identity centrality significantly moderated the relationship between the Sapphire stereotype and the use of disengagement coping such that higher identity centrality decreased the association between the Sapphire stereotype and disengagement use (b = .51, SE = 0.09, t = 5.67, p < .001, 95% CI [.33, .69]). This research can be used to develop educational programs to promote healthy identity development among Black women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Which individuals belong to a racial group, and what determines membership? I argue that questions about membership are importantly different from questions regarding the ontology of racial categories and invite a distinctive line of inquiry. But there's a formidable challenge to providing determinate and consistent answers to membership questions: Many phenomena documented in sociology and psychology generate reasonable and systematic disagreement about membership that cannot be adjudicated by an influential variety of social constructionism. While the puzzle of racial identity remains, we emerge with a new appreciation for how racial membership is a distinctive part of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although W.E.B. Du Bois' impact on race theory is well-known among social scientists; his work is not widely incorporated into the sociolinguistic canon on racial identity through language. Moreover, one pervasive feature in sociolinguistic discourses is the paucity of literature exploring the Afro-Portuguese language. In addressing these shortcomings, we utilise Du Bois' double consciousness theory and the raciolinguistic perspective to discuss the process of racial identity experienced by Afro-Brazilians. DuBois' work demonstrates that context and standpoint theorising provides a deeper understanding of racial identity. This paper explores the dyadic relationship formed between linguistics and racial identity through the lens of Du Bois' double consciousness. This sets the benchmark for double linguistic consciousness in which this article explains is the awareness of self is understood not only by race but also by language. The aim is to add to the racializing discourse by exploring the connection between the racialisation process for blacks and the racial significance of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liberal democracies hold in tension two socio-political values, liberty and equality, with the understanding that prioritizing one often means sacrificing the other. In the United States, views on which value to prioritize (and even how to define them) are shaped by the intersections of race, gender, and religion. We theorize Christian nationalism’s association with prioritizing equality or liberty is contingent on Americans’ racial and gender identities, and specifically, their status as majority- or minority-group members. Though Christian nationalism in general is associated with prioritizing liberty over equality, results reveal clear racial, gender, and race-gender divergence. Unlike non-Black Americans, Black Americans do not prioritize liberty as Christian nationalism increases, and women are less likely to do so than men. The most striking pattern, however, appears at the intersection of race and gender: unlike every other race-gender combination, Black women are more likely to prioritize equality over liberty as Christian nationalism increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the negative consequences of misunderstanding race as a biological concept. It highlights that racial groups are not genetically discrete and that beliefs in biological differences between races can lead to racial bias and disparities in healthcare. The article also emphasizes that race is a social category with biological consequences, and calls for a rejection of genetic determinism and the elimination of institutional racism in medical education. The authors argue that correcting the misunderstanding of race as biology can help create a more inclusive and equitable healthcare system. [Extracted from the article]

Sexual minorities (SMs; e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other non-heterosexual individuals) are more likely to be current alcohol drinkers than their heterosexual peers while separately experiencing elevated inflammation. Yet, little research has assessed the association between alcohol use and inflammation among subgroups of SMs, let alone potential differences among people with multiple marginal identities (e.g., race/ethnicity and sexual identity). Data came from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2015–2016. Survey-weighted multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between alcohol use categories, heavy episodic drinking, and log-CRP (C-reactive protein). Models were stratified by sexual identity to determine whether associations between alcohol use and inflammation or between race/ethnicity and inflammation differed by sexual identity. Among 3220 participants, 1000 (36.8%) reported light alcohol use, 870 (32.0%) reported moderate use, and 483 (17.8%) reported heavy use. Mean raw CRP was 4.1 mg/L (SD = 8.1). The association between race/ethnicity and CRP differed in stratified relative to non-stratified models with key differences in CRP among individuals with multiple marginalized identities. We also observed that while the "classic" J-shaped relationship between alcohol use and systemic inflammation persists among heterosexuals in this sample, it does not hold among subgroups of sexual minorities. In particular, bisexuals who report heavy alcohol use, compared to non-users, experience significantly elevated CRP. Finally, we did not observe any association between heavy episodic drinking and CRP among subgroups of sexual minorities. Future studies assessing alcohol and biomarker data need to strive to include subgroups of sexual minorities and people with multiple marginal identities to better target behavioral and biomedical interventions aimed at reducing health disparities. • CRP differed based on intersecting identities of sexual minority status and race/ethnicity. • The alcohol use and inflammation association differs based on intersecting identities. • The classic J-shaped relationship does not appear to hold for sexual minorities. • There was no association between heavy episodic drinking and CRP among sexual minorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study explored the mediating role of Chinese American parents' ethnic–racial identity (ERI) in linking their discrimination experiences, ethnic–racial socialization (ERS), and their children's mental health, testing whether neighborhood racial diversity and perceived Chinese density moderated these mediation paths. Background: During COVID‐19, Chinese American families faced increased discrimination, impacting their mental well‐being. However, few studies have examined how parents' discrimination experiences influence their ERI, ERS practice, and ultimately their children's mental health difficulties. Method: Data from 294 Chinese immigrant parents (Mage = 44.28, 79% female) were collected in two waves, 2020 and 2021. Path analysis tested if parental discrimination affects their ERI and ERS, and children's mental health. Multigroup analysis assessed if mediation models varied for families living in communities with low versus high racial diversity or Chinese density. Results: Parental racism‐related stress at T1 had significant indirect effects on parental ERS practices (higher use of maintenance of heritage culture and lower use of avoidance of outgroups practice) at T2 via parental ERI (greater private regard) at T2. Parental racial discrimination (perceived sinophobia in the media and racism‐related stress) at T1 had significant indirect effects on children's mental health difficulties at T2 via parental ERS practices (use of maintenance of heritage culture and avoidance of outgroups practices) at T2. The neighborhood racial diversity moderated the mediation model. Conclusion: These findings advance the understanding of both individual (i.e., parental ERI) and contextual factors (i.e., neighborhood racial diversity) in the complex associations between parents' discrimination experiences and children's mental health difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although race-related stress is associated with numerous mental health outcomes, no previous research has examined associations with ADHD symptoms. We examine how such associations differ in Black Americans based on racial identity to allow for more nuanced understandings of racial discrimination's association with ADHD symptoms. Methods: This study asked a sample of Black Americans to answer questionnaires assessing race-related stress, ADHD symptoms, and racial centrality. Results: In predicting ADHD symptoms, we found a positive effect of race-related stress and a negative effect of centrality. At low levels of centrality, the association between ADHD symptoms and race-related stress was stronger than at mean and high levels of centrality. Through additional sub-group analyses we found the interaction effect not replicating in one of our conditions. Conclusion: These results suggest experiences of race-related stress and racial identity are important factors for consideration in the treatment of ADHD symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black and Mormon were seemingly irreconcilable identities during the priesthood/temple ban against people of African descent (c. 1852-1978). But in 1966, Wynetta Willis Martin converted to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. And in 1972, Martin published Black Mormon Tells Her Story. In this book, Martin interwove her African American and LDS identities in a powerful way. Challenging anti-Black racism in the LDS community, Martin produced a new story about Black Mormon identity: past, present, and future. Previously underestimated as a problematic book, this article retheorizes Black Mormon Tells Her Story, emphasizing Martin's agency in race-making. This article extends Judith Weisenfeld's theory of Black new religious movements to analyze a "religio-racial narrative" authored by a Black member of the predominantly white LDS Church. Demonstrating how Martin positively reconstructed the meaning of Blackness, this article fills a gap in the scholarship on Mormon racial construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racial microaggressions are a significant source of stress for people of color. This study identified two support message features for disarming the effects of racial microaggressions and tested reasons for their effectiveness. In a between-groups design, Black/African Americans (n = 387), and Asian Americans (n = 374) evaluated a support message crafted by a friend in response to one of six racial microaggressions. Participants perceived high person-centered, racial identity-affirming, and combination support messages as more effective and collective self-esteem enhancing than low quality message versions. Person-centered emotional support and combination messages were partly related to enhanced collective self-esteem through cognitive reappraisal and reattribution, while racial identity affirmation message quality was partly related to enhanced collective self-esteem through reattribution. Conditional process analyses determined that indirect effects were not contingent on participants' race. Practical and theoretical implications of studying support messages to address racial microaggressions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While inflammation might be associated with pain-related outcomes in patients with chronic low back pain, the inflammatory mediators underlying this inflammation could be different for specific racial groups. Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a global health crisis that disproportionately burdens non-Hispanic Black (NHB) individuals, compared with those who identify as non-Hispanic White (NHW). Despite the growing personal and societal impact of cLBP, its biological underpinnings remain poorly understood. To elucidate the biological factors that underlie the racial disparities in cLBP, this study sought to determine whether inflammatory mediators associated with pain interference (PI), pain at rest (PAR), and movement-evoked pain (MEP) differ as a function of racial identity. Blood samples were collected from 156 individuals with cLBP (n = 98 NHB participants, n = 58 NHW participants). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and multiplex assays were used to quantify concentrations of proinflammatory (fibrinogen, C-reactive protein [CRP], serum amyloid A, tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], and interleukin [IL]–1α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-4 and IL-13). Spearman rho correlations were used to assess associations among markers of inflammation and PI, PAR, and MEP using the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form. Analyses revealed that for NHW patients, CRP, serum amyloid A, and IL-6 were positively associated with cLBP outcomes and IL-4 was inversely associated with PAR and MEP. However, for NHB patients, only IL-1α was positively associated with PAR. Our findings suggest that, while there are associations between inflammation and cLBP outcomes, the biomarkers that underlie the inflammation could very well differ as a function of racialized minority group. However, more research with racially inclusive samples is needed to elucidate the mechanisms that may contribute to racial disparities in cLBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]