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Background. Working out of the second line chemotherapy of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma is a promising approach to cancer therapy. Ramucirumab, an anti-angiogenic agent specifically targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). In April 2014, the FDA approved ramucirumab as a single agent or in combination with paclitaxel for treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has progressed on or after prior fluoropyrimidineor platinum containing chemotherapy based on data of REGARD and RAINBOW trials.Materials and Methods: From June 2016 to 15Jan 201837 pts with advanced GC were treated with ramucirumabin the second line treatment as single agent (11 pts) or in combination with paclitaxel (26 pts) in N.N.Blokhin National medical research center of oncology.Results: edian PFS (MPFS) and median OS (MOS) was 1,8 and 7,6 mons for monotherapy group. For combination group MPFS was 4,0mons, MOS -10,6 mons. Ramucirumab had an acceptable safety profileConclusions:ur data are similar to the data of international randomized trials.

Angiogenesis has become an important target in the treatment of solid tumors and anti-angiogenic agents are a promising approach to cancer therapy. Ramucirumab, an anti-angiogenic agent specifically targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). In April 2014, the FDA approved ramucirumab as a single agent or in combination with paclitaxel for treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GC) that has progressed on or after prior fluoropyrimidine – or platinumcontaining chemotherapy based on data of REGARD and RAINBOW trials.We evaluated the progression free (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety of ramucirumab in patients (pts) with advanced GC in routine clinical practice From June 2016 to 20 Sep 2017 40 pts with advanced GC were treated with ramucirumab in the second line treatment as single agent (8 pts) or in combination with paclitaxel (26 pts) in N.N.Blokhin National medical research center of oncology.Median PFS (MPFS) and median OS (MOS) was 1,8 and 7,6 mons for monotherapy group. For combination group MPFS was 5,02 mons, MOS was not reached. Ramucirumab had an acceptable safety profile Our data are similar to the data of REGARD and RAINBOW trials.

This paper analyzes large amounts of literature data on studies of the efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for advanced ovarian cancer (OC), which is performed prior to standard surgery. Clinical trials have demonstrated that a NCT regimen followed by cytoreductive surgery is less effective than primary cytoreductive one; however, evidence for the benefit of NCT is lacking so far. The authors conducted investigations using the intraoperative material obtained from 17 patients with T3a–cNxM0 OC, who were divided for a comparative examination into 2 groups. Group 1 included OC patents who received NCT; Group 2 comprised OC patients who did not. The tumor cells obtained from the intraoperative material of both groups were able to generate a well-proliferating culture in in vitro experiments. The cultured OC cells were characterized, by analyzing cytological specimens and the functional activity of these cells. It was ascertained that 35 % of the cultured tumor cells from OC retained their resistance to the cytotoxic action of effector cells (autologous lymphocytes) at a target cell/effector cell ratio of 1:5. Thus, both the literature and the experiment provide no unambiguous evidence supporting the fact that NCT before cytoreductive surgery is a better approach than primary surgical treatment. The optimal regimen of NCT, which would be able to enhance its efficiency, remains important.

In the review the data on the incidence of lung cancer in Russia and the world is presented. Effectiveness of different screening methods used to identify patients with lung cancer, the value of different diagnostic methods is discussed. The data on the current drug therapy of non small-cell lung cancer , built on the basis of doublets of cisplatin and carboplatin used in the first line therapy, as well as on the doublets without cisplatin or carboplatin, generally used in the second line therapy and target therapies which are prescribed separately or in combination with chemotherapy. Indicated the efficiency of certain chemotherapy regimens, data on one-year, sometimes two-year survival, median survival, the major toxicity of combinations, doses, drugs and detailed diagrams of their prescription.

В ХХI веке разработка лекарств для подавления идентифицированных белков и генов, ответственных за трансформацию клеток и поддержание их опухолевых свойств (автономия сигналов роста, уклонение от сигналов сдерживания роста, уход от апоптоза, нелимитированный потенциал репликации, способность к инвазии и метастазированию, неоваскуляризация), стала основной и наиболее перспективной.Эрбитукс (цетуксимаб – Cet) – это моноклональное антитело, блокирующее трансмембранный домен тирозинкиназного рецептора EGF. Построено оно из четырех полипептидных цепей – 2 тяжелых (449 аминокислот) и 2 легких (214 аминокислот). Эрбитукс блокирует пролиферативные сигналы (останавливает клеточный цикл в G1-фазе), усиливает апоптоз (стимулирует каспазу 8, активирует ген Вах), обладает антиангиогенными и антиметастатическими свойствами