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The anion C5N− is one of the largest linear (C,N)-bearing chains detected in the interstellar medium. Here we present and discuss the general features of new ab initio potential energy surfaces describing the interaction of this linear anion with He and H2. We employ a Legendre Polynomials expansion representation for the former and an artificial neural network fit for the latter. We then carry out quantum scattering calculations to yield rotationally inelastic cross-sections for collisions with He and H2, using relative translational energy values in the range of 0.1–300 cm−1. We then obtained the corresponding inelastic rate coefficients as a function of temperature covering the range from 1 to 100 K. The results for these two systems are compared with each other, as well as with the earlier results on the C3N− colliding with the same partners. We found that the final inelastic rate coefficients for this anion are all fairly large, those from collisions with H2 being the largest. The consequences of such findings on their non-equilibrium rotational populations in interstellar environments are discussed in our conclusions.

With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS), identifying and better understanding genetic mutations in cancer pathways has become more feasible. A mutation now commonly reported in NGS panels is the SETD2 gene (H3K36 trimethyltransferase). However, its contributions to colorectal cancer (CRC) are not well described. In this study, we describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of SETD2-mutated CRC, determine common mutation sites on the SETD2 gene, and correlate these mutations with the loss of H3K36 trimethylation and the aberrant expression of beta-catenin. By searching pathology reports at our institution which included the 161-gene NGS panel from 2019 to 2021, we identify 24 individuals with SETD2-mutated CRC. All samples were evaluated for microsatellite status, H3K36 trimethylation, and beta-catenin via immunohistochemistry. In this cohort of 24 SETD2-mutated CRC individuals (a median age of 62.4 years [interquartile range: 49.1-73.6]), 10 (41.7%) patients presented at American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor stage II, seven (29.2%) at stage III, six (25%) at stage IV, and one (4.2%) at stage I. Most tumors studied were adenocarcinomas with no further specification (22, 92%), and most tumors were microsatellite stable (18, 82.5%). Thirty-three mutation locations were represented by 24 patients, with one patient having six mutations in the SETD2 gene and two patients having three mutations. The dominant mutation type is missense mutations (N = 29, 87.9%), and no mutation hotspots were found. Only two samples lost trimethylation of histone H3K36, both from individuals with multiple SETD2 mutations and aberrant nuclear beta-catenin expression. SETD2-mutated CRC is similar in clinical and histologic presentation to other commonly reported CRC. SETD2 mutations were missense dominantand showed no hotspots, and multiple mutations are likely necessary for loss of H3K36 trimethylation. These results warrant further study on determining a role of SETD2-histone H3K36 pathway in CRC.

We report for the first time an accurate ab initio potential energy surface for the HeH+-H2system in four dimensions (4D) treating both diatomic species as rigid rotors. The computed ab initio potential energy point values are fitted using an artificial neural network method and used in quantum close coupling calculations for different initial states of both rotors, in their ground electronic states, over a range of collision energies. The state-to-state cross section results are used to compute the rate coefficients over a range of temperatures relevant to interstellar conditions. By comparing the four dimensional quantum results with those obtained by a reduced-dimensions approach that treats the H2molecule as an averaged, nonrotating target, it is shown that the reduced dimensionality results are in good accord with the four dimensional results as long as the HeH+molecule is not initially rotationally excited. By further comparing the present rate coefficients with those for HeH+-H and for HeH+-He, we demonstrate that H2molecules are the most effective collision partners in inducing rotational excitation in HeH+cation at interstellar temperatures. The rotationally inelastic rates involving o-H2and p-H2excitations are also obtained and they turn out to be, as in previous systems, orders of magnitude smaller than those involving the cation. The results for the H2molecular partner clearly indicate its large energy-transfer efficiency to the HeH+system, thereby confirming its expected importance within the kinetics networks involving HeH+in interstellar environments., Austrian Science Fund (FWF); Spanish Government (MINECO); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) / Agencia Estatal de Investigació (AEI) 10.13039/501100011033

A 40-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled HIV presented to a district referral hospital in rural Botswana for a generalized skin rash of several months duration. The highly pruritic rash predominantly involved her hands and feet and was associated with bullae that were present for days at a time before rupturing without drainage or discharge. The patient endorsed night sweats, periodic fevers, occasional cough productive of blood-tinged sputum, fatigue, and weight loss. On admission, CD4 count was 46 cells/mm3 and viral load was >750000 copies/mL. Pulmonary tuberculosis testing via sputum was negative twice. A blood count demonstrated eosinophilia. Oral acyclovir was started empirically for disseminated herpes virus infection, with topical beclomethasone and intravenous antibiotics for possible superinfected bullous dermatosis. With inadequate response to treatment, a skin biopsy was obtained and microscopic examination demonstrated scabies mites. The absence of skin burrows, the presence of bullae, and working in a low-resource setting without direct access to microscopic examination delayed diagnosis. The patient was initiated on topical permethrin. Oral ivermectin was not available in country and was obtained from overseas shipment, delaying treatment initiation. Drastic improvement was seen after the patient initiated ivermectin. A local nurse in the patient’s village visited her community and found multiple individuals with active scabies infection. The patient’s discharge was delayed until these community members were treated successfully with topical permethrin. This case describes an atypical presentation of scabies in an under-resourced setting, demonstrating unique diagnostic, therapeutic, and public health challenges.

We report for the first time an accurate ab initio potential energy surface for the HeH

Distal radius reconstruction after giant cell tumor (GCT) resection is typically performed with free fibular flaps when a vascularized bone is needed. However, vascularized fibular flaps are contraindicated in patients with peroneal artery variants. We present 2 patients with GCTs of the radius and bilateral peronea arteria magna who underwent resection with wrist fusion using an allograft bone and vascularized free medial femoral condyle periosteal flaps. Both patients had excellent outcomes with minimal postoperative morbidity.Allograft bone with vascularized medial femoral condyle periosteal flaps is an effective option for reconstructing distal radius defects after GCT resection when conventional methods fail.

Academic integrity establishes a code of ethics that transfers over into the job force and is a critical characteristic in scientists in the twenty-first century. A student’s perception of cheating is influenced by both internal and external factors that develop and change through time. For students, the COVID-19 pandemic shrank their academic and social environments onto a computer screen. We surveyed science students in the United States at the end of their first COVID-interrupted semester to understand how and why they believed their peers were cheating more online during a pandemic. Almost 81% of students indicated that they believed cheating occurred more frequently online than in-person. When explaining why they believed this, students touched on proctoring, cheating influences, and extenuating circumstances due to COVID-19. When describing how they believed cheating occurred more frequently online, students touched on methods for cheating and surreptitious behavior. The student reasonings were associated with four theories (game theory, Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, neutralization theory, and planned behavior theory) that have been used to examine academic dishonesty. Our results can aid institutions in efforts to quell student concerns about their peers cheating during emergencies. Interestingly, most student beliefs were mapped to planned behavior theory while only a few students were mapped to neutralization theory, suggesting it was a novel modality of assessment rather than a pandemic that shaped student perceptions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40979-021-00089-3.

By extending an earlier study [Gianturco et al., J. Chem. Phys. 154, 054311 (2021)] on the purely rotational excitation of HeH

Objective To identify practices and limitations of cleft care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design A retrospective narrative nonsystematic literature review was performed. Setting Literature exploring the management practices of cleft lip and/or palate across regions in SSA was included. Participants Full text case reports, retrospective studies, prospective studies, clinical trials, and review articles written and published in English between 1966 and February 1, 2021, were included in this analysis utilizing PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google scholar databases. Main Outcome Measures Qualitative themes identified in analysis were clinical practice patterns, current infrastructure and limitations of cleft repair, training and interdisciplinary teams, economic analyses, and international partnerships. Results Significant barriers to care identified in SSA include lack of hospital resources, craniofacial training, access to multidisciplinary specialists, and public awareness. These problems make the entire care journey difficult for patients. Increasing public education has the power to diminish late presentations to hospitals. Providing adequate hospital resources and craniofacial training through international and organizational partnerships can ensure that more patients will receive care. Increasing the availability and number of multidisciplinary specialists is crucial to follow up care which aims at improving functional outcomes. Conclusion This narrative review highlights current practices and limitations in cleft care, emphasizing the importance of effective and timely repair of clefts in SSA. Targeted efforts aimed at establishing sustainable infrastructure for cleft care in SSA can have significant individual and community health and economic benefits.

Ab initio calculations are employed to generate the rigid rotor (RR) potential energy surface (PES) describing the interaction of the linear molecular cation HeHHe+, at its equilibrium geometry, with the neutral He atom. The resulting interaction is employed to investigate the efficiency of rotational state-changing collisions at the temperatures relevant to the early universe conditions, where the latter molecule has been postulated to exist, albeit not yet observed. The inelastic rate coefficients are found to be fairly large and are compared with those found for another important cation just recently observed in the interstellar medium: the HeH+ polar molecule. The possibility for this cation to provide new options to energy dissipation routes under early universe conditions after the recombination era is briefly discussed.

We examined how the shift in learning environment from in-person to online classes, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, impacted three constructs of student engagement: behavioral engagement, including students’ frequency of participating in class discussions, meeting with instructors, and studying with peers outside of class; cognitive engagement, including students’ sense of belonging and self-efficacy; and emotional engagement, including students’ attitudes toward science, their perceived value of the course, and their stress. Seventy-three undergraduate STEM students from across the country completed five-point Likert-style surveys in these areas of student engagement, both prior to their science course transitioning online and at the end of the spring 2020 semester. We found that while overall behavioral engagement did not change, students participated less frequently in class discussions (p = 0.0063) but met with professors more often outside of class (p = 0.0358). We saw no significant change in cognitive engagement, indicating that while students’ sense of belonging and self-efficacy ideally increases over the course of the semester, in this case, it did not. Most alarmingly, we found a significant decrease in emotional engagement (p = 0.0075), with students reporting a drastic decline in positive attitudes toward science (p < 0.0001). Students’ reported stress levels remained unchanged, and students reported a slight increase in their perceived value of the science course they were taking. These data shed light on how the transition to online learning had an overall negative impact on undergraduate student engagement in science courses.

Two different ab initio potential energy surfaces are employed to investigate the efficiency of the rotational excitation channels for the polar molecular ion HeH

Hierarchical assemblies of proteins into fibrillar structures occur in both physiologic and pathologic extracellular spaces and often involve interactions between oppositely charged peptide domains. However, the interplay between tertiary structure dynamics and quaternary hierarchical structure formation remains unclear. In this work, we investigate supramolecular mimics of these systems by mixing one-dimensional assemblies of small alkylated peptides bearing opposite charge and varying in peptide sequence. We found that assemblies with weak cohesive interactions readily create fibrous superstructures of bundled filaments as molecules redistribute upon mixing. Low cohesion allows molecules to escape from the original assemblies and exchange dynamics help them reassemble into electrostatically stable bundles. However, we also found that kinetic barriers can be encountered in these systems and limit formation of the hierarchical structures at pH values where charge densities are high. Increasing intermolecular cohesion using longer peptide sequences that form stable β-sheets was found to suppress superstructure formation. Our findings suggest that low internal cohesion in protein systems could facilitate the conformational rearrangements required to create hierarchical structures.

Structural features and enthalpy details are presented for the title reactions, both for the exothermic (forward) path to NH

We have measured the spectrum of laser photodissociation of OH

The current study examined the validity of Gender Role Conflict Scale-Short Form (GRCS-SF) among a sample of 256 Chinese heterosexual men and 250 Chinese gay men. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the conclusion that a Chinese translated version of the GRCS-SF had acceptable structural validity. Specifically, the four-factor solution (i.e., Success, Power, Competition; Restricted Emotionality; Restricted Affectionate Behavior Between Men; Conflict Between Work and Family Relations) was confirmed with all items loading on their respective factors. Furthermore, the four-factor solution provided a better fit than either a single factor or a four-factor solution with a higher-order single factor. Cronbach’s α reliabilities reached the acceptable criterion in both samples for the overall score as well as for the subscale scores. Measurement invariance also suggested that the GRCS-SF has a similar structure between heterosexual and gay Chinese men.

Multichannel scattering calculations are presented for the low-energy collisions of the OH

We present quantum calculations for the inelastic collisions between H

The issue of suicide among law enforcement personnel has garnered increasing attention. Unfortunately, little is known about the etiology of suicide for this group, and whether its rates warrant unique consideration as an at-risk population. This project used the psychological autopsy technique to examine the etiology of eight law enforcement suicides. Findings indicated that all employees in the sample demonstrated risk factors for suicide congruent with those of the general population. Prehire risk factors were elemental to most employee completions, including those related to family-of-origin context and substance abuse. Exposure to traumatic on-duty critical incidents was not a primary theme. The findings challenge the dominant theoretical perspective that law enforcement training, vocational culture, and exposure to traumatic on-duty events generate cognitive restriction and then patterns of substance abuse for those who complete suicide within this vocation. Suggestions for prehire screening are made, with a focus on the assessment for preexisting polarized cognitive styles.

Why do men tend to underutilize mental health services? One reason may be that men are less frequently referred to seek such services. Indeed, male friends and family members may be particularly unlikely to refer men to seek mental health services, as it means going against the traditional male gender role proscription of talking to other men about emotional issues. This study is the first to explore how men’s experiences of gender role conflict may be associated with an increased endorsement of stigmatization around mental health concerns and, subsequently, a decreased willingness to refer friends and family members experiencing a mental health concern to seek help. Results based on structural equation modeling with data from 216 male collegians indicated that men who endorsed greater restricted emotionality were less willing to refer friends and family members experiencing a mental health concern to seek treatment. In turn, men who endorsed greater Restricted affectionate behavior between men also endorsed greater stigma, which then led to a decreased willingness to refer friends and family members to seek help.

The purpose of this article is to outline a policy regarding the potential use of online information, posted on sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace, in evaluating both applicants and students in applied psychology training programs. The problems posed to those training programs by social media, as well as the relevant ethical and legal issues, are reviewed. A policy is then presented that might form the basis for programs looking to address the use of social media information in the evaluation process. Research, legal, and training implications are also discussed.

The prospective, multicenter, phase III EMN02/HO95 MM trial was designed to randomly compare (R1) (1:1 ratio; stratification by ISS) four 42-day cycles of standard dose bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone (VMP) vs either a single or two sequential courses of melphalan 200 mg/m2 followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), as intensification therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. A second randomization (R2) to consolidation therapy with bortezomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone vs no consolidation was performed after intensification, to be followed by lenalidomide maintenance until progression or toxicity in both arms. A primary study end point was progression-free survival (PFS) from R1. From February 2011 to April 2014, 1510 patients aged

Within the literature on the psychology of men, the gender role conflict (GRC) paradigm has been one of the most productive research programs explaining the impact of restrictive gender roles in men’s lives. Despite recent efforts aimed at understanding GRC from a multicultural perspective, few studies have examined the factor structure of the primary measure of GRC, the Gender Role Conflict scale (GRCS), using diverse samples of men. That was one goal of this research; the second is the development of a short form of the GRCS, the GRCS-SF, designed to address concerns about item content of the GRCS. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the four-factor model of the GRC construct, both as experienced by men of color as well as replicated within the GRCS-SF. Items used in the GRCS-SF reflect greater conflict, increased situational focus, and potential clinical use. The meaning of these findings, as well as their implications for therapy with men, is discussed.

The authors explored the influence of role induction on men's perceptions of career counseling and attitudes toward seeking professional help. Two separate role inductions were presented to 268 male college students; the first discussed holistic career counseling, and the second integrated a discussion of male gender role socialization. Results demonstrated that participants who viewed the holistic role induction reported greater valuing of career counseling when compared with a control group. However, results indicated no difference in perceptions of career counseling between a holistic career counseling role induction and one that included socialized male perceptions of counseling. Work plays a central role in the life of men. Men have been socialized from childhood to connect their sense of self with work, often to the point that one's identity is found through work (Heppner 6c Heppner, 2001). A central component to the "code of masculinity'' Pollack & Levant, 1998, p. 1) is the importance of a man's career. Career decisions and choices influence how men find meaning in their lives, including the creation of a selEidenuty (Heppner & Heppner, 2001) and the establishment of self-worth (KeUy & Hall, 1992). Although work is socialized to be a vital component in men's lives, researchers have not fully explored the provision of gender-sensitive career counseling services to men (e.g., Fouad & Kantarnneni, 2008). Previous work in these areas has associated traditional male gender roles with educational and career choices (e.g., Jome & Tokar, 1998) as well as career self-efficacy (e.g., Betz, 2008). However, to date, only Rochlen and O'Brien 2002 ) have investigated whether men consider using career counseling as a service for focusing on career or academic concerns rather than on personal issues. Furthermore, they demonstrated that men preferred a directive style of career counseling over a contextual approach. This finding presents career counselors with an interesting dilemma; vocational psychologists have argued that clients seeking career counseling are more satisfied when it is conducted from a holistic perspective (Swanson, 2002), yet research has indicated that men prefera more directive style of career counseling that often focuses solely on the presenting concern (Rochlen & O' Brien, 2002). Men also perceive more stigma (Rochlen, Mohr, & Hargrove, 1999) and have more negative attitudes related to seeking career counseling when compared with women (Fischer & Farina, 1995). The pervasiveness of this problem has led researchers to recommend that Counselors present counseling services in alternative formats to increase men's engagement in the therapeutic process (Kiselica, 2001; Wester, 2008). However, the limited research on the potential efficacy of using alternative practices has been mixed. Rochlen, Blazina, and Raghunathan (2002), for example, found that using a career counseling brochure explaining the career counseling process to potential male clients increased their valuing of career counseling and decreased their stigma toward seeking career counseling, whereas a more gender-specific brochure that addressed male gender role stereotypes was not more effective than a gender neutral brochure. However, a significant concern fies in the impersonal nature of this approach because potential clients may not be actively engaged in the counseling process via a brochure. Furthermore, brochures are unlikely to generate the cognitive effort required to centrally produce attitude change (e.g., Elaboration Likelihood Model; Petty & Cacioppo, 1986). A more appropriate method, therefore, might be one that engages active cognition via the offering of more personalized information regarding what one might expect in career counseling services (Addis & Mahalik, 2003; Wester & Lyubelsky, 2005). Role induction is a specific method that may be helpful in accomplishing these goals (Connors, Walitzer, & Dcrmen, 2002; Whitaker, Phillips, & Tokar, 2004). …

The purpose of the present study was to examine how gender role conflict (GRC) may mediate the relationship between negative alcohol-related consequences, drinking motives, and attitudes toward psychological help among male college students. A total of 399 collegian men completed an Internet survey. Results suggest a complex interplay of variables in that negative alcohol-related consequences were partially mediated by GRC, whereas drinking motives were not mediated by GRC. Implications of the findings and areas for further research are discussed.

Very few individuals have ever questioned if their body matches their mind in tenris of gender simply because the two are consistent with one another. Transgender individuals, conversely, are those who experience a mismatch between their biological sex and their psychological awareness of gender, feeling more comfortable in the identity of the other gender. It is not that they are sexually aroused by this identification with the other gender, but that it just feels authentic with respect to their true sense of themselves. Thus, being transgender is independent of one's sexual orientation in that some transgender individuals are attracted to members of the same sex and others are attracted to members of the other sex. Being transgender is not an experience of the majority culture, and for this reason, many mental health care providers lack the education and experience to serve this population expertly. Several documents, such as the Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists (American Psychological Association, 2003), the Multicultural Counseling Competencies and

Glycine, a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system, not only functions in synaptic signaling, but has also been implicated in regulating neuronal differentiation, neuronal proliferation, synaptic modeling, and neural network stability. Elements of the glycinergic phenotype include the membrane-bound glycine transporters (GLYT1 and GLYT2), which remove glycine from the synaptic cleft, and the vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VIAAT or VGAT), which sequesters both glycine and GABA into synaptic vesicles. Here, we describe the spatial and temporal expression patterns of xGlyT1, xGlyT2, and xVIAAT during early developmental stages of Xenopus laevis. In situ hybridization reveals that xGlyT1 is first expressed in early tailbud stages in the midbrain, hindbrain, and anterior spinal cord; it extends posteriorly through the spinal cord and appears in the forebrain, retina, between the somites, and in the blood islands by swimming tadpole stages. xGlyT2 and xVIAAT initially appear in late neurula stages in the anterior spinal cord. By swimming tadpole stages, the expression of these genes appears in the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain and extends posteriorly through the spinal cord; xVIAAT is also expressed in the retina. Confocal analysis of multiplex fluorescent in situ hybridization signal in the spinal cord reveals that xGlyT1 and xGlyT2 share little cellular colocalization. While there is significant coexpression between xVIAAT and xGlyT2, xVIAAT and the GABAergic marker glutamic acid decarboxylase (xGAD67), and xGlyT2 and xGAD67, each gene also appears to have discrete, non-colocalized areas of expression.

The new multicultural guidelines reemphasized the importance of developing knowledge of, and skills in working with, individuals outside of the majority group. In this article, the author will detail recent advances in understanding how identified consequences of male gender role socialization, specifically male gender role conflict (GRC), intersect with other aspects of race, cultures, and sexual orientations. The literature surrounding male gender role conflict will be briefly summarized. Next, the multicultural competencies framework of beliefs and attitudes, knowledge, and skills, will be used to outline how GRC might apply to some men of color and offer suggestions for counseling practice. After synthesizing what this might offer counseling psychologists, the general implications for research and theory will be explored.