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The horizontal and vertical distribution and the abundance of ostracods, hyperiids (amphipods) and euphausiids in the Greenland Sea along a transect parallel 74°45′N (from 15°45′E to 08°30′W) are described. The samples were taken by RV “Meteor” in late autumn of 1988. 8 species of the above named groups have been recorded in two different water masses which were touched by the transect. 5 stations were situated in the realm of the Atlantic waters of the Spitsbergen Current. HereDiscoconchoecia elegans, Meganyctiphanes norvegica, andThemisto compressa are indicators for the southern Atlantic water. 6 stations belong to the Arctic area dominated by Arctic Surface Water, whereBoroecia borealis, Themisto abyssorum, Thysanoessa longicaudata, andThysanoessa inermis are quite abundant as borealsubarctic species, whereasThemisto libellula is a true species of pure Arctic water.

Lacunar infarctions and periventricular hypodensity are assumed to be typical CT patterns of cerebral microangiopathy (MA). In 17 patients with such findings and in 6 controls without any signs of central nervous system disease cranial CT, MRT and 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT were employed. In 7 patients with CT findings of minor MA demonstrated in comparison to controls no significant difference. In 10 cases with CT findings of pronounced MA periventricular rCBF was significantly reduced compared to controls. rCBF of temporal and parietal cortex were not diminished compared to controls. In 14 patients studied with MRT deep white matter lesions were found which appeared solitary, multiple or confluent. Employing 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT, cerebral MA revealed rCBF reduction in periventricular brain tissue by cerebellar standardization.

Osteocalcin is a vitamin K-dependent bone protein synthesized by osteoblasts. In generalized bone disorders serum osteocalcin correlates with osteoblast activity. Bone resorption and new bone formation occur in chronic osteomyelitis, dependent on the level of inflammatory activity. In 17 patients with active chronic osteomyelitis undergoing surgery, the serum levels of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase and C-reactive protein were measured before and after treatment. The osteocalcin levels were within the normal range preoperatively (10.8 +/- 11.0 micrograms/l), in the early postoperative period, and at discharge. It is therefore not a helpful marker in the clinical management of this condition.

Lacunar infarctions and periventricular hypodensity are assumed to be typical CT patterns of cerebral microangiopathy (MA). In 17 patients with such findings and in 6 controls without any signs of central nervous system disease cranial CT, MRT and 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT were employed. Seven patients with CT findings of minor MA demonstrated in comparison to controls no significant difference. In 10 cases with CT findings of pronounced MA periventricular rCBF was significantly reduced compared to controls. rCBF of temporal and parietal cortex was not diminished compared to controls. In 14 patients studied with MRT deep white matter lesions were found which appeared solitary, multiple or confluent. Employing 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT, cerebral MA revealed rCBF reduction in periventricular brain tissue by cerebellar standardization.

The larval development is discussed and calyptopis stages I–III as well as furcilia stages I–VII are described. The larval development is similar to that ofE. spinifera, E. longirostris andE. triacantha (group d of genusEuphausia). Antennule, antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla and spines on the telson are unsuitable for identifying the larvae of different species of the genusEuphausia. The following characteristics can be used to distinguish the different larvae: form and marginal spines of the carapace, form of the rostrum, spines on the segments of the abdomen, and number and form of the pleopods. The mandible of larval Euphausiacea produces an asymmetric lacinia mobilis and a pair of processus incisivus accessorius (spine row). These two appendages are lacking in adult Eucarida.

The genus Themisto is represented in Atlantic Ocean waters by four different species: T. compressa, T. abyssorum, and T. libellula in the northern hemisphere and T. gaudichaudii in the southern hemisphere. Examination of morphological and electrophoretic characters has revealed that T. gaudichaudii, which was previously thought to have a bipolar distribution, in fact consist of separate species in Arctic and Antarctic waters, respectively. The Antarctic species remains as T. gauchichaudii Guerin 1828 and the oldest available name for the Arctic species is T. compressa Goes 1865. The results of the study also indicate that morphological variation within T. gaudichaudii (e.g. the “compressa” and “bispinosa” forms) is more likely to be the result of environmental influences rather than genetic differences. Electrophoretic analyses of genetic variation indicate that T. gaudichaudii from waters adjacent to both South Georgia Island and the South Shetland Islands belong to the same interbreeding population. Similar observations of homogeneity in other Antarctic pelagic animals suggest that the Antarctic circumpolar current systems promote effective genetic exchange and reduce the possibility of formation of distinct local breeding populations.

Es wurde mit Stachel- und Druckborsten die Wirkung von CO2 auf die Reizschwelle der Schmerz-, Juck-, Druck- und Kitzelempfindung der Haut von Versuchspersonen untersucht.

Mit Hilfe einer empfindlichen Methode wurde der Sekretionsablauf der Unterkieferdruse des Hundes nach Reizung der Chorda oder des N. lingualis untersucht. Zur Reizung dienten sinusreine Wechselstrome mit Frequenzen von 10–1500 Hz und Kondensatorenentladungen von einem RC von 10–20 msek (Reizintervall 1/2–1/4 Sek.). Bei Reizung mit langen Fluszeiten (Wechselstrom von 10–20 Hz und Kondensatorenentladungen) steigt die Sekretionsgeschwindigkeit zunachst bis zu einem Maximum an, bleibt bis zum Ende praktisch konstant, um dann rasch wieder auf 0 abzufallen. Anstieg und Abfall des Sekretionstachogramms folgen oben (S. 644 und S. 645) aufgestellten e-Funktionen. Bei Reizung mit hoherfrequenten Reizen (50–1500 Hz) gestaltet sich der Sekretionsvorgang polyphasisch, im Gegensatz zu dem einheitlichen bei niederfrequenter Reizung.

1. Wahrend der Expedition mit dem FS „Meteor” 1964/1965 ist im Persischen Golf eine Population von Pseudeuphausia latifrons (G. O. Sars, 1883) festgestellt worden, die von der Population im Arabischen Meer isoliert ist und morphologische Unterschiede aufweist. 2. Die adulten Individuen der Population im Persischen Golf sind mit einer Korperlange von 7 bis 16 mm wesentlich groser als die im ubrigen Verbreitungsgebiet (6 bis 12 mm). 3. Morphologische Unterschiede am Petasma der mannlichen Individuen im Persischen Golf konnen nur zum Tiel als Allometrie gedeutet werden, was mit der extremen Lange der Tiere im Zusammenhang stehen konnte. Offensichtlich hat sich unter den besonderen okologischen Bedingungen des Persischen Golfes und in raumlicher Isolation auch eine genetische Veranderung der Population herausgebildet, so das von einer geographischen Variation oder Rasse gesprochen werden mus. 4. Durch die Analyse von Vergleichsmaterial aus dem Roten Meer konnte gezeigt werden, das die von dort beschriebene Pseudeuphausia colosiiTorelli, 1934 ein Synonym zu Pseudeuphausia latifrons (G. O. Sars, 1883) ist.

In einer Untersuchung uber den adaquaten Reiz fur Thermoreceptoren (Weigmann und Heede 1952) zeigte sich, das in gewissen Hauttemperaturbereichen weder Kalt- noch Warmreceptoren auf die entsprechenden Temperaturreize ansprechen. Dieser Temperaturbezirk entspricht dem den Balneologen bekannten „Indifferenzbereich“. Wir stellten uns die Frage, ob diese Temperaturspanne durch CO2 in irgendeiner Weise verandert wird und hofften, fur das in einem relativ kuhlen CO2-Bad auftretende Warmegefuhl eine Erklarung geben zu konnen.