Search

The Internet of Things commonly known as IOT (Internet of Things), refers to any device that can be connected to Internet and further controlled using it. Home Automation Systems(HAS) involves the control and automation of lighting, ventilation, security. A wireless home automation system is developed in way that a different set of tasks are performed automatically. This system allows one to wirelessly control lights, fans, air conditioners, television sets, security cameras, etc.

Black pepper is highly sensitive to water deficit stress especially during summer, resulting in significant losses in yield; therefore, strategies aimed at enhancing water stress tolerance are essential. Melatonin improves stress tolerance in plants; however, its method of application and optimum concentration in black pepper under water deficit stress remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a two pot culture experiment during March and April, 2022 (var. Panniyur-1) to investigate the effects of foliar-sprayed and root-irrigated melatonin (50, 100 and 150 µM L-1) on the recovery per cent and physiological mechanism under water stress. The treatment details were, WW - Well-watered; WS - Water stressed; FM50 - Waterstress+50µM Melatonin (Foliar spray); FRM50 - Water stress + 50µM Melatonin (Foliar spray + Soil drenching @ 50ml/plant); FM100 - Water stress + 100µM Melatonin (Foliar spray); FRM100 - Water stress + 100µM Melatonin (Foliar spray + Soil drenching @ 50ml/plant); FM150 - Water stress + 150µM Melatonin (Foliar spray); FRM150 - Water stress + 150µM Melatonin (Foliar spray + Soil drenching @ 50ml/plant). The melatonin-induced enhanced stress tolerance could be attributed to improved recovery %, leaf relative water content, photosynthetic pigments, activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT), and ultimately significantly relieved the inhibitory effects of water stress on leaves. After rehydration, melatonin-treated plants recovered more quickly than untreated plants. In addition, melatonin counteracted the water stress induced accumulation in proline content. Overall, the results of this study demonstrated that melatonin at 100 µM L-1 (Foliar spray and root irrigation) significantly alleviated the adverse effects of water deficit stress compared untreated plants. In addition, application of exogenous melatonin combined with root and foliar application is superior than foliar spraying alone.

Well Eminent and versatile writer Girish Karnad’s third popular play in English is Hayavadana. This paper deals with the reverse transformation of the humans in the journey of completeness. Human failed to retain their identity in search of completeness while the animal succeeded in regaining its identity. The central theme- The story of Devadatta and Kapila’ is based on the tale from the Kathasaritsagara. But the main theme is borrowed from Thomas Man’s –The Transposed Heads. The horse regained its full form with its neigh in the end of the story and thus achieved its completeness. On the other hand, the child retained its human smile and become a complete human-being. The Hayavadana was happy to become a full animal while the humans Kapila and Devadatta lost their lives without attaining their completeness. Padmini also unsatisfied with the end result and performed sati. Darwin’s theory says that humans are evolved from Animals. But in Hayavadana, the human attains the animal form in reverse transformation. The mother of Hayavadana loved the horse and got married to it. When he became a human being, she rejected to accept him. So she was cursed to become a horse. She was happy to lose her identity as a human and ready to become a horse. Her love for a horse made her a horse and thus she achieved her completeness. Hayavadhana wanted to attain its completeness whether it will be a horse or may be a human. At-last he became a complete horse but with a human voice. The son of Padmini exchanged his neigh with Hayavadana’s human voice. Thus the mother and her son Hayavadana achieved completeness in reverse transformation by becoming a horse.

Various types of encryption algorithms are used to protect information from unwanted exposure and to guarantee data confidentiality and secure storage. As a result, keyword-based searching has been introduced, in which the requested file is found following a search using the corresponding keyword. As a result, finding and revoking the malicious user who is abusing the secret key must be resolved as soon as possible. If a user tries to enter the erroneous key, the system considers him a bad user, and the user's privileges are promptly revoked. This project is primarily concerned with user authentication in order to strengthen the security system

In this study, Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites synthesized by co-precipitation method and its photocatalytic activity was tested using methylene blue under solar light irradiation. The prepared hybrid nanocomposites are characterized by using different physicochemical techniques including XRD, FESEM, EDX, TEM, UV-vis DRS and PL analysis. From the XRD analysis, Mn doped ZnO/CdS nanocomposite diffraction peaks only reflect the binary crystalline structures of ZnO and CdS. However, there is no characteristic peak of Mn is found that may be because of low content of Mn doped on ZnO/CdS. But Mn (2.9 wt%) was detected in the Mn doped ZnO/CdS nanocomposite, which was measured by EDX analysis. The FESEM and TEM results exhibit the surface particle of Mn doped ZnO/CdS nanocomposite which have spherical nature and confirmed the formation of Mn doped ZnO/CdS nanocomposites. The photocatalytic degradation results have revealed that the Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit admirable activity toward the photocatalytic degradation of the MB. The reason for excellent photocatalytic activity of Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites indicates the absorbance band shifted to red region and reduction of recombination of photogenerated electron-hole, which is in good agreement with UV-visible DRS analysis and PL study results. The fitted kinetic plots showed a pseudo-first-order reaction model and the appropriate rate constants were found to be 0.0068 min−1, 0.00846 min−1, and 0.0188 min−1, for ZnO, 25 % CdS/ZnO, and 0.8 mol% Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites, respectively. The maximum photocatalytic activity was achieved by 0.8 mol% Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites with a 95% degradation efficiency of MB. Hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, having a vital role in the degradation of MB, confirmed scavenging experiments. In addition, the recycling tests displays that the Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites have shown good stability and long durability. The enhanced photodegradation activity of Mn doped CdS/ZnO nanocomposites indicates the potential of the nanocomposite for the treatment of organic pollutants from the textile wastewater.

An experiment was conducted at the Indian Institute of Spices Research, Regional Station, Madikeri, Karnataka, to study physiology, yield and quality responses of six small cardamoms [Elettaria car...

Traditionally visually impaired people used a stick to find out if any obstacles are present in front of them. The ultrasonic blind walking stick is way more advanced than the traditional walking stick as the use of sensors makes object detection easier. The system has one more advanced feature integrated to help the blind find their stick if they forget where they kept it. A wireless RF based remote is used for finding the lost stick by pressing the remote button and buzzer sounds on stick. Thus this system allows for obstacle detection as well as finding stick if misplaced by visually disabled person. The another feature of this stick is to detect water on the ground. This stick also indicate day or night vision for blind person. This project discuss about how this stick is built and how it will help blind people.

Background: In the presented work, we studied the effect of foliar spray of elicitors namely chitosan, phenylalanine and salicylic acid sans any stress treatment on physiological and quality parameters in turmeric genotypes. Methods: Feld experiment was undertaken under rainfed condition using four genotypes. The elicitors were sprayed at rhizome development stage and various measurements namely chlorophylls, carotenoids content and gas exchange parameters were done at different time intervals. The harvested rhizomes were analysed for its curcuminoids content. Result: The results showed that elicitor treatment increased the leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids content in statistically significant manner. The highest increase in total chlorophyll content (36%) was observed in chitosan treated plants. Likewise, the highest increase in total carotenoids content (33%) was found in phenylalanine treatment. The highest photosynthetic rate increase (76%) was obtained in salicylic acid treatment. The total curcuminoids showed significant increase in only Pragati (16%) and Rajapuri (20%) genotypes. Results suggested that foliar spray of chitosan and salicylic acid at rhizome development stage could be employed to elicit the physiological response and improve the quality of turmeric grown under rainfed condition.

Sesame is considered as the queen of oil seeds owing to its high oil content of about 56-62% and good quality oil. Sesame oil alone or in combination with other vegetable oils can yield good quality biodiesel. Sesame biodiesel blends up to 20% yields fuel efficiency and power output on par with mineral diesel but superior in environmental performance. Though biodiesel from edible oil is highly criticized, the demand for renewable energy compels the development of high-performance sesame plants. Triacylglycerol synthesis in flowering plants follows an acyl CoA-dependent and independent manner. This study envisages transgenic approaches to enhance oil production in sesame biomass. The genes of choice for oil enhancement includes DGAT1, PDAT1, FAD3 and cytochrome b5F. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDAT) are key enzymes in TAG synthesis. Fatty acid desaturases (FAD) has the ability to enhance specific fatty acids, whereas cytochrome b5 genes augment the process by donating electrons. A combination of the above categories of genes which performed well in terms of oil content in the yeast expression system from our earlier studies is used in Agrobacterium-mediated sesame transformation experiments to evaluate the biodiesel potential of transgenic sesame plants. The transgenic construct with PDAT1 and FAD3 combination yielded a 10% increase in TAG content. The possibility of transgenic sesame as a biodiesel plant is discussed.

India boasts rich biodiversity of plants belongs to Piperaceae. These plants are store-house of biologically active alkaloids, generally termed as piperamides. Among piperamides, piperine, piperlongumine and piperlonguminine plays an effective role in pharmaceutical applications. The present study was aimed at developing and validating a simple reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method to analyze chemo-diversity of these three piperamides in Pipernigrum L., Piper longum L., Piper thomsonii Hook, Piper sarmentosum Roxb. and Piper chaba Trel. & Yunck. The separation was achieved on a RP-C18 column with water (0.1% Acetic acid) and methanol as mobile phase with detection wavelength of 338 nm. The compounds were identified using authentic standards. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The method was successfully applied in quantification of these piperamides in berries of five different Piper species. Among them, piperlongumine was detected only in P. longum and P. sarmentosum. Piperlonguminine and piperine was higher in P. chaba and P. nigrum. In conclusion, the method developed could be used for chemo-diversity analysis of different Piper spp to select alternate Piper species for pharmacological preparations based on the composition of its bio-active compounds.

Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton (Small cardamom) is a widely used high value spice with various medicinal properties. Differences in the availability of solar radiation can cause modificati...

Sesame is considered as the queen of oil seeds owing to its high oil content of about 56-62% and good quality oil. Sesame oil alone or in combination with other vegetable oils can yield good quality biodiesel. Sesame biodiesel blends up to 20% yields fuel efficiency and power output on par with mineral diesel but superior in environmental performance. Though biodiesel from edible oil is highly criticized, the demand for renewable energy compels the development of high-performance sesame plants. Triacylglycerol synthesis in flowering plants follows an acyl CoA-dependent and independent manner. This study envisages transgenic approaches to enhance oil production in sesame biomass. The genes of choice for oil enhancement includes

Additional file 1.

A generative adversarial network (GAN) is a framework composed of a generator and a discriminator. GAN learns the deep attributes without the need for hugely annotated training data. This learning is attained by back-propagation approach through competition between generator and discriminator network. Since 2014, GAN has been used in a wide variety of applications such as game development, security, image editing, data generation, attention prediction, and so on. In this article, we explore the fundamental working principle, architecture of GAN, and the effectiveness of GAN for video analytics. Video analytics has become a crucial research area for the academic world and the industry thanks to the availability of IP CCTV as well as the progressive growth in the video content analysis algorithms. Automation in video analytics has come into practice due to the extensive growth of deep learning algorithm. The prime intention of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive review of the GAN variants available for video analytics, explore different architectures, and further the techniques used in those respective applications.

Speckle noise is a characteristic artifact in breast ultrasound images, which hinders substantive information essential for clinical diagnosis. In this article, we have investigated the use of Non-local means (NLM) filter, which is robust against severe noise, to remove speckle noise in breast ultrasound images. Medical diagnosis systems cannot employ traditional NLM filters, which exhibit the slowest performance due to their computational burden during the weighted averaging process. We have integrated a novel automated clustering based preclassification scheme using spatial regularized fuzzy c means (FCM) to alleviate the process. The appropriate number of clusters for each image is calculated automatically through Gap statistics. Moreover, the rotationally invariant moment distance measure increases the chance of getting more similar regions for NLM process. The algorithm is evaluated on a breast ultrasound database, which consists of 54 images including 28 benign and 26 malignant. Two statistical measures, Pratt’s figure of merit (PFM) and equivalent number of looks (ENL), are used to evaluate the noise suppression performance as well as the capability of preserving the fine details. The results of the proposed method are compared with the other three state of the art methods quantitatively. The proposed method demonstrated excellent despeckling performance with PFM of 0.91 and ENL of 7.415. The robustness against speckle noise and the acceptable processing time make the method more appropriate for computer aided diagnosis systems.

The wireless sensor network (WSNs) is one of the creating and quickly expanding technologies across the globe. In WSNs, enormous number of sensor hubs inside the cluster has detected the earth and send information to the group head. This paper contain new vitality productive Distributed cluster head planning calculation which is utilized for adequate determination of CH and information social event plot for Wireless sensor systems. Proficient Distributed cluster head booking calculation approach includes three stages: External Cluster Communication (ECC) stage, information group correspondence area and Internal Cluster Communication (ICC) segment. In which these stages are utilized to convey between the group head and portal. Vitality utilization model is keeping up greatest leftover vitality level over the system. In proposed work gave another parcel position which is given to all group part hubs. Planning calculation is displayed to designate availabilities to group the information parcels. The procedure results demonstrate that the proposed plan incredibly adds to greatest system lifetime, high vitality, diminished overhead and most extreme conveyance proportion.

Present days the wireless device network are utilizing in wide assortment of uses. The remote device hubs are battery burning within the bigger a part of the applications notably in prosperity checking frameworks. Use of those battery controlled remote device hubs with insignificant vitality utilization is that the bottleneck in remote device organizes primarily based prosperity checking frameworks. Arrangement of considerable variety of those battery controlled device hubs during a domain and maintaining the remote device organize for long life may be a basic assignment. Same like security in addition exceptionally basic trip for wsn. The life of wireless device network enlarged by utilizing many power economical ways for military operation and getting ready. A tale cluster primarily based imperative prosperity military operation, handling and directive. The wide remote device organize secured by a base station is split into many teams with bunch head steering info to/from base station. Every bunch comprising of many body zone systems with body heads that are to blame of directive info to/from cluster head. In this paper, formation of bunch heads and body heads and deputation uncommon errands to cluster heads and body heads will tremendously boost generally framework ability, lifetime, and vitality proficiency. This paper introduces a safe, vitality effective and versatile security conspire called Mobility-Supporting Adaptive Authentication Scheme (MAAS). The MAAS conspire guarantees that the Healthcare Provider and the Patients access and trade patients information by confirming themselves. Likewise, the plan forestalls unapproved access to the information by giving secrecy and uprightness. With this framework design, we can enormously limit the normal power devoured by a remote sensor organize.

Iron oxide ($$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$) nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. The effect of Zn concentration on $$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ nanoparticles was investigated by structural and electronic properties. X-ray diffractograms indicate the formation of a hematite $$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ structure. The calculated particle sizes for undoped-$$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ and Zn-doped $$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ are 31 and 15 nm, respectively. The photocatalytic test was performed against methylene blue to find the efficiency of the photocatalytic activity of the prepared nanoparticles. From the results, it is found that compared to undoped-$$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$, the efficiency of Zn-doped $$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ increases considerably. To understand the mechanism behind the photocatalytic activity, a DFT-based calculation was performed to measure the band edge positions of the undoped and Zn-doped $$\hbox {Fe}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$ nanostructures and the results are matched well with experimentally observed values.

Cloud computing provides storage for the multiple users to store and share their data anywhere at anytime basis. There were some security issues faced by the cloud users such as data correctness, data theft, data leakage, privacy on user level because of the third-party data control. One of the major issues in cloud storage is ensuring data integrity when data are shared by multiple users in the cloud and the data owner accesses data locally. To overcome this issue, many public integrity auditing schemes have been proposed where the computation overhead is huge for the data owner. Hence, efficient auditing with minimum overhead at client side is in need. In the proposed method, we have multi-user modification model with user revocation where the auditing work is delegated to a trusted third-party auditor (TPA) on a secure model, thereby reducing the overhead faced by client.

Background: The promotional activities by medical representatives (MRs) of the pharmaceutical companies can impact the prescribing pattern of doctors. Hence, the interaction between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry is coming under increasing scrutiny. Objective: The primary objective was to assess the attitude of the doctors toward the interaction with the MRs of the pharmaceutical company. The secondary objective was to assess the awareness of the doctors about regulations governing their interaction with the pharmaceutical company. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. This study was carried out using a pretested questionnaire containing 10 questions between June and September 2014. The doctors working in the Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Perambalur (Tamil Nadu) during the study period was included. Results: A total of 100 pretested questionnaires were distributed, and 81 doctors responded (response rate 81%). 37% doctors responded that they interacted with MR once a week whereas 25.9% told that they interact with MRs twice a month. About 69.1% doctors think that MR exaggerate the benefits of medicines and downplays the risks and contraindications of medicine( P = 0.000). 61.7% doctors think that MR has an impact on their prescribing ( P = 0.000). 63% doctors stated that they had received promotional tools such as stationery items, drug sample, textbooks or journal reprints from MR in last 12 months ( P = 0.0012). Unfortunately, 70.4% doctors have not read the guidelines about interacting with the pharmaceutical industry or its representative ( P = 0.000). Conclusion: Rather than forbidding any connection between doctors and industry, it is better to establish ethical guidelines. The Medical Council of India code is a step in the right direction, but the majority of doctors in this study have not read the guidelines about interacting with the pharmaceutical industry or its representative.

The present research was carried out to evaluate response of Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) to plant density and nitrogen fertilizer under field conditions. Plant density at four levels (20×50 cm, 30×50 cm, 20×100 cm and 30×100 cm) and nitrogen treatments at four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg·N·ha-1) were applied. Plant height, lateral stem number, leaf chlorophyll content, yield, and were assessed at immature and mature stages. The results showed that vegetative growth characteristics (plant height, lateral stem number and leaf dry matter) and reproductive factors (fruit volume and fruit weight) decreased with increasing plant density, but total yield (kg·ha-1) increased with increasing plant density. The highest and lowest total yields were obtained by plant density 20×50 cm and 30×100 cm respectively. Nitrogen fertilizer was significantly affected on plant height, lateral stem number and leaf chlorophyll content. It was observed that fertilization with 150 kg·N·ha-1 resulted to the highest fruit volume and plant yield. There were significant differences between fruit volume and fruit weight by interaction between plant density and nitrogen treatments.

The present study reveals the pharmacognostic studies root of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl. The objectives of the present work comprises of collection, identification, macroscopical, Ph of aqueous solution, soluble ash, alcohol soluble extractive, flouresence analysis of root. The root section was taken and microscopical studies were carried out, the root shows derived from the cork, the periderm tissue is formed, which replaces the epidermis in the outer layer. The next tissue identified inwards was the cortex. Sclerenchyma was seen as a ring in the roots, while as a group, formed from a group of cells, in the mature ones. In the middle, xylem tissue occupies a large area, just below the phloem tissue.

The present study reveals the pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochem ical studies of Stachytarphyta jamaicensis (L) Vahl. The objective of the present work comprises of collection, identification, macroscopical, microscopical, loss on drying, p H of aqueous solution, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, al cohol soluble extr active, fluorescence analysis and phytochemical evaluation of Stachytarphyta jamaicensis (L) Vahl stem. The stem secti on was taken and microscopical studies were carried out. The T.S of stem shows the presence of cuticle, epidermis, vascu lar bundle, parenchyma, collenchymas and chlorochymatous tissue. The Preliminary phytochemical tests on various extracts indicates the presence of carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids

The stability of fixed-speed induction generator (FSIG)-based wind turbines can be improved by a StatCom, which is well known and documented in the literature for balanced grid voltage dips. Under unbalanced grid voltage dips, the negative sequence voltage causes heavy generator torque oscillations that reduce the lifetime of the drive train. In this paper, investigations on an FSIG-based wind farm in combination with a StatCom under unbalanced grid voltage fault are carried out by means of theory, simulations, and measurements. A StatCom control structure with the capability to coordinate the control between the positive and the negative sequence of the grid voltage is proposed. The results clarify the effect of the positive- and the negative-sequence voltage compensation by a StatCom on the operation of the FSIG-based wind farm. With first priority, the StatCom ensures the maximum fault-ride-through enhancement of the wind farm by compensating the positive-sequence voltage. The remaining StatCom current capability of the StatCom is controlled to compensate the negative-sequence voltage, in order to reduce the torque oscillations.

In this paper, the problem of the global O(t(-α)) stability and global asymptotic periodicity for a class of fractional-order complex-valued neural networks (FCVNNs) with time varying delays is investigated. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functionals and a Leibniz rule for fractional differentiation, some new sufficient conditions are established to ensure that the addressed FCVNNs are globally O(t(-α)) stable. Moreover, some sufficient conditions for the global asymptotic periodicity of the addressed FCVNNs with time varying delays are derived, showing that all solutions converge to the same periodic function. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of our theoretical results.

The electrical motion of the heart is characterised by the ECG signal. ECG elucidation can be used to detect the heart syndrome. This technology has an efficient diagnostic tool, due to the high regard of portable electronic products, low power system has fascinated more consideration in recent years. This work presents digital ECG data acquisition system to diminish the power consumption. In the proposed work, analogue block is not used, they convert the input voltage into a digital code by delay lines. This digital architecture is capable of operating with a low supply voltage such as 0.3 V and 0.1 V. In this architecture, analogue blocks such as low-noise amplifier (LNA) and filters are not used. A digital feedback loop is employed to cancel the impact of the dc offset on the circuit, which eliminates the requirements for coupling capacitors. The circuit is implemented in 130 nm and 65 nm CMOS process. The simulation results illustrate that the front-end circuit of digital architecture for 130 nm consumes 18.9 pW and 65 nm consumes 109 pW of power.