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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T19:36:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-10-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of partial and total replacement of corn cracked grain with soybean molasses (SM) on performance and meat quality of feedlot finished lambs. Thirty crossbred lambs (Santa Ines x Dorper, three months old) were blocked by initial body weight (16.8 +/- 2.2 kg), and randomly assigned to three experimental treatments. During a 70-d experimental period, the animals were fed total mixed rations containing corn silage as forage source in a 40:60 (wt/wt) forage to concentrate ratio (dry matter basis). Dietary treatments consisted of different inclusion levels of soybean molasses: 0 g/kg DM (CON), 150 g/kg DM (SM15), or 300 g/kg DM (SM30). Lambs were slaughtered for evaluation of carcass characteristics and meat quality in Longissimus thoracis muscle. The inclusion of SM did not affect neither the feedlot performance nor the carcass quality, except for the gain to feed ratio, which decreased linearly (P = 0.05). The Longissimus muscle tenderness and intramuscular fat were linearly increased (P = 0.03, P < 0.01, respectively), with increasing SM in the diet. Linear trends for pentadecanoic, heptadecenoic, gamma linolenic and EPA acids (P = 0.07; P = 0.07; P = 0.07 and P = 0.09, respectively) were observed. Linear decrease was also observed for linoleic acid (P = 0.01). The addition of soybean molasses increased meat tenderness and intramuscular fat in crossbred feedlot finished lambs, when fed up to 300 g/kg DM, being a potential alternative to replace corn in feedlot diets, depending on its cost and availability. Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Sch Agr & Veterinarian Sci, BR-14884900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Triangulo Mineiro, Dept Agron, BR-38280000 Iturama, MG, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Sch Agr & Veterinarian Sci, BR-14884900 Sao Paulo, Brazil CAPES: 001

This study was designed to determine effects of quantitatively restricted intake of the final finishing diet as a means of dietary adaptation compared with diets increasing in concentrate (step up) over periods of 6 and 9 days on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle. One hundred twenty 22-month-old Nellore bulls (352 ± 20 kg) were randomly allocated in 24 pens and fed for 84 days. The experimental design was a completely randomized block with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: adaptation using either step up protocol for 6 days or 9 days or restriction protocol for 6 days or 9 days, where the pen (five bullocks/pen; six pens/treatment) was considered the experimental unit. Cattle adapted by step up protocol had significantly greater average daily gain throughout the study when compared to those adapted by restriction protocol, regardless of adaptation length. During the adaptation period, a greater dry matter intake fluctuation was observed for animals maintained on restriction programme when compared to those adapted to the finishing diets using step up protocol. In addition, a protocol × length interaction for rumenitis scores was observed, where the level of injuries to the ruminal wall was significantly higher for the cattle adapted by restriction protocol for 9 days and lower for animals submitted for 9 days to the step up programme. Likewise, a protocol × length interaction for mitotic index was observed, in which cattle adapted by step up protocol for 9 days had lower numbers of cells in mitosis. Thus, the step up protocol led to better feedlot performance, and based on this fact, the length of 9 days promoted better rumen epithelium adaptation of Nellore cattle to high-concentrate diets.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:57:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Previous studies have shown that beef cattle can be adapted for 14 days to high-energy diets; however, the effects of adaptation periods less than 14 days on feedlot performance have not been documented in the literature. In the present study, the effects of restricted intake of the final finishing diet as a means of dietary adaptation compared with diets increasing in concentrate content (step-up) over periods of 9 days and 14 days on feedlot performance, feeding behavior, blood gas profile rumen morphometrics, nutrients digestibility and carcass characteristics of Nellore cattle were evaluated. One-hundred twenty 24 month-old Nellore bulls (361 ± 30 kg) were randomly allocated in 24 pens and fed for 84 days in a completely randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: adaptation using both 9-day and 14-day step-up protocol, and 9-day and 14-day restriction protocol. Each treatment was replicated 6 times. One bull per pen was slaughtered at the end of adaptation period for ruminal evaluations. Overall, no main effect of protocols or adaptation length was observed for any of feedlot performance or carcass traits variables evaluated, with the exception of gain to feed ratio (G:F). Bulls on restriction protocol had improved G:F (P = 0.04) when compared to cattle adapted by step-up protocol. Regarding rumenitis score, there was no main effect of protocols and adaptation length (P > 0.05). For rumen morphometrics, an interaction between the effect of adaptation length and period was observed (P = 0.02) for absorptive surface area (ASA), where at the end of the adaptation period, Nellore bulls adapted for 14 days presented larger ASA than the ones adapted for 9 days; however, at the end of the finishing period, ASA from animals adapted for 14 days was similar to the ones adapted for 9 days. Thus, Nellore yearling bulls should be adapted in 14 days regardless of the protocol adopted (step-up or restriction). São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP) College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality traits of meat from feedlot fed increasing concentrations of soybean molasses (SM). Twenty-seven crossbred (Santa Ines × Dorper) lambs (average 16 5,33 kg BW) were distributed in a randomized completed block design, according to initial BW, and assigned to three treatments, with increasing inclusions of SM (M0 = control treatment, without SM; M15 = 15% SM and M30 = 30% SM on DM basis. Diets were composed of corn silage (40%) and concentrate (60%), corn cracked grain [except for M30], wheat meal, soybean meal, urea, soybean molasses [except M0], and mineral-vitamin premix. The SM contained 41.5 g/kg CP; 25 g/kg fat and 207.42 g/L of sugars. After 72 d, when the animals reached approximately 32 kg BW, the lambs were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir, and the carcasses were chilled (4ºC) for 24 hours. The Longissimus muscle were cut between the 11(th) and 13(th) ribs, and used to evaluate muscle color, cooking loss (CL), water holding capacity (WHC), and Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, evaluating the linear and quadratic effects of SM addition, as well as M0 × (M15 + M30). The soybean molasses did not affect most of the evaluated variables as muscle color, WHC and CL (P > 0.05), excepted for WBSF, which the SM promoted a linear effect, (36.0 [M0] to 25.7 N [M30] (P < 0.0001). The results indicate SM as potential alternative energy ingredient for feedlot lamb, and that the higher inclusion better texture meat. [Image: see text]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing monensin (MON) with a spray-dried multivalent polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against several ruminal microorganisms on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, feeding behavior, blood gas profile, and the rumenitis incidence of Brangus and Nellore yearling bulls. The study was designed as a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, replicated 6 times (4 bulls per pen and a total of 24 pens), in which bulls ( = 48) of each biotype were fed diets containing either MON fed at 300 mg/d or PAP fed at 3 g/d. No significant feed additive main effects were observed for ADG ( = 0.27), G:F ( = 0.28), HCW ( = 0.99), or dressing percentage ( = 0.80). However, bulls receiving PAP had greater DMI ( = 0.02) and larger ( = 0.02) final LM area as well as greater ( < 0.01) blood concentrations of bicarbonate and base excess in the extracellular fluid than bulls receiving MON. Brangus bulls had greater ( < 0.01) ADG and DMI expressed in kilograms, final BW, heavier HCW, and larger initial and final LM area than Nellore bulls. However, Nellore bulls had greater daily DMI fluctuation ( < 0.01), expressed as a percentage, and greater incidence of rumenitis ( = 0.05) than Brangus bulls. In addition, Brangus bulls had greater ( < 0.01) DMI per meal and also presented lower ( < 0.01) DM and NDF rumination rates when compared with Nellore bulls. Significant interactions ( < 0.05) between biotype and feed additive were observed for SFA, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), MUFA, and PUFA concentrations in adipose tissues. When Nellore bulls were fed PAP, fat had greater ( < 0.05) SFA and PUFA contents but less ( < 0.01) UFA and MUFA than Nellore bulls receiving MON. For Brangus bulls, MON led to greater ( < 0.05) SFA and PUFA and less ( < 0.05) UFA and MUFA than Brangus bulls fed PAP. Feeding a spray-dried PAP led to similar feedlot performance compared with that when feeding MON. Spray-dried PAP might provide a new technology alternative to ionophores.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T13:09:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:53:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2015000600499.pdf: 634247 bytes, checksum: f0c3236827469bdee080a83041f11316 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da adição de fontes de lipídeos naturais e protegidos no desempenho e nas respostas imunológicas de bovinos Nelore em confinamento. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo e três tratamentos, que foram: sem fonte adicional de lipídeo (CONTR); com fonte de lipídeo natural (torta de algodão) (GDESP); e com fonte de lipídeo protegido e rico em ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (GPROT). O estudo foi dividido em duas fases: pré-condicionamento e confinamento de 120 bovinos Nelore inteiros (24 baias, 5 animais por baia e 8 repetições por tratamento). O tratamento GDESP proporcionou maior ganho de peso na fase de pré-condicionamento, e, durante o período de confinamento, não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos quanto ao desempenho, às características de carcaça e ao acometimento de enfermidades. As concentrações plasmáticas de TNFα, IL-1β, haptoglobina e ceruloplasmina foram superiores no tratamento CONTR. A adição de lipídeos à dieta, independentemente da fonte, promove melhora no desempenho e nos parâmetros imunológicos de bovinos Nelore confinados. The objective of this work was to evaluate the addition of natural and protected lipid sources on the performance and immune responses of Nelore cattle feedlot. A completely randomized design was carried out with repeated measures in time and three treatments, which were: without additional source of lipid (CONTR); with natural lipid source (cottonseed cake) (GDESP); and with rumen protected lipid source, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (GPROT). The study was divided into two phases: preconditioning and feedlot of 120 noncastrated Nelore cattle (24 pens, 5 animals per pen, and 8 pens per treatment). The GDESP treatment provided greater weight gain in the preconditioning phase, and, during the feedlot period, there were no differences among treatments for performance, carcass traits, and disease incidence. The highest plasma concentrations of TNF alpha, IL-1(beta), haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin occurred in the CONTR treatment. Lipid supplementation to the diet, regardless of the source, improves the performance and enhances the immunological system of confined Nellore cattle. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Melhoramento &Nutr Anim, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Zootecnia, BR-17900000 Dracena, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Melhoramento & Nutr Anim, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Zootecnia, BR-17900000 Dracena, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2012/00884-3 FAPESP: 2011/01715-8

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T12:36:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-07-07T12:45:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ISSN1519-9940-2015-16-01-161-169.pdf: 82758 bytes, checksum: d59edc19d7fb57a619b1a9ffe998b6c0 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão do preparado de anticorpos policlonais (PAP) e/ou de monensina sódica (MON) na morfologia das papilas ruminais, incidência de ruminites (IR) e abscessos hepáticos (AH) em bovinos jovens confinados. Foram utilizados 72 novilhos da raça Brangus, não castrados, com peso vivo inicial de 261,04 ± 34,73 kg, em 24 baias (3 animais/baia) com 6 repetições por tratamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, sendo os fatores a adição ou não de MON e PAP. Após o abate foram realizadas as avaliações. No fígado tanto o percentual de AH quanto a severidade foram menores (P 0.05) of additives on the IR. The treatment with MON had higher (P = 0.07) surface absorption/cm2 wall of the rumen and greater (P = 0.10) papillary area compared to treatment without this additive. Number of papillae/cm2 wall and average area of the papillae showed no difference among treatments. The use of PAP was effective in reducing HA as well as the severity the same, but was not able to improve the shape and structure of the ruminal papillae, as observed with the use of MON. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Produção Animal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Departamento de Produção Animal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil FAPESP: 2008/52542-3

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-06-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Crude glycerin, the main by-product of biodiesel production, can replace dietary energy sources, such as corn. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of up to 30% of crude glycerin in dry matter (DM) of the total diets, and its effects on meat quality parameters of feedlot Nellore bulls. Thirty animals (227.7 ± 23.8 kg body weight; 18 months old) were housed in individual pens and fed 5 experimental diets, containing 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 or 30% crude glycerin (DM basis). After 103 d (21 d adaptation) animals were slaughtered and the Longissimus muscle was collected. The characteristics assessed were chemical composition, fatty acid profile, cholesterol, shear force, pH, color, water-holding capacity, cooking loss and sensory properties. The increasing inclusion of crude glycerin in the diets did not affect the chemical composition of the Longissimus muscle (P > 0.10). A quadratic effect was observed when levels of crude glycerin were increased, on the concentration of pentadecanoic, palmitoleic and eicosenoic fatty acids in meat (P < 0.05), and on the activity of the delta-9 desaturase 16 and delta-9 desaturase 18 enzymes (P < 0.05). The addition of crude glycerin increased the gamma linolenic fatty acid concentration (P < 0.01), and altered the monounsaturated fatty acids in Longissimus muscle of animals (Pquad. < 0.05). Crude glycerin decreased cholesterol content in meat (P < 0.05), and promoted higher flavor score and greasy intensity perception of the meat (P < 0.01). The inclusion of up to 30% crude glycerin in Nellore cattle bulls'diets (DM basis) improves meat cholesterol and sensory attributes, such as flavor, without affecting significantly the physical traits, the main fatty acid concentrations and the chemical composition. São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science FAPESP: 08/53712-0 FAPESP: 09/51857-3

ObjectivesGreater knowledge of variance and relationships of pork carcass parameters could be used to improve performance, efficiency, and profitability of the pork industry. Previous research has investigated the correlation between pork carcass parameters; however, there are still many misunderstandings, particularly in commercially representative pigs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the correlation and variance of carcass weight, fat depth, muscle depth, and predicted lean yield in commercial pigs.Materials and MethodsThe second largest commercial pig slaughter facility in Ontario slaughtered approximately 1.5 million pigs in 2018. Carcass data (hot carcass weight, fat depth, muscle depth, and predicted lean yield) from 1025,572 pigs was used for this study with pigs slaughtered on each production day of 2018 (between January 2, 2018 and December 31, 2018). Hot carcass weight was reported immediately following slaughter as a head-on weight, and fat depth and muscle depth were measured with a Destron PG-100 probe (International Destron Technologies, Markham, Ontario). The equation used for predicted lean yield was the Canadian Lean Yield equation (CLY (%) = 68.1863– (0.7833 × fat depth) + (0.0689 × muscle depth) + (0.0080 × fat depth2) – (0.0002 × muscle depth2) + (0.0006 × fat depth × muscle depth). Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were calculated among all parameters using RStudio version 1.1.456 and R version 3.5.1 statistical software. Correlation coefficients were considered significantly different from 0 at P < 0.05. Correlations were considered weak (in absolute value) for r < 0.35, moderate for 0.36 ≤ r ≤ 0.67, and strong for r ≥ 0.68. Linear regression models were created between parameters that had meaningful relationships using the RStudio statistical software. Gnuplot version 5.2 was used to create scatter plots to allow for better visualization of the correlation between meaningful parameters.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation for fat depth, muscle depth, hot carcass weight, and predicted lean yield were 18.27 ± 4.12 mm, 65.69 ± 9.06 mm, 105.93 ± 8.39 kg, and 61.03 ± 1.91%, respectively. We observed weak positive correlations between fat depth and hot carcass weight (r = 0.27; P < 0.0001), and between muscle depth and hot carcass weight (r = 0.17; P < 0.0001). We obtained a weak negative correlation between predicted lean yield and hot carcass weight (r = –0.21; P < 0.0001). The predicted lean yield equation used for this set of pigs included measurements for fat depth and muscle depth, so strong correlation between these parameters was expected. We obtained a moderate positive correlation between muscle depth and predicted lean yield (r = 0.39; P < 0.0001) and a strong negative correlation between fat depth and predicted lean yield (r = –0.96; P < 0.0001).ConclusionResults from this dataset revealed that hot carcass weight was generally not correlated with fat depth, muscle depth, or predicted lean yield. The conclusion of this study based on the current dataset is that pigs do not reach a weight threshold where they consistently become fatter or heavier muscled.

The objective of this study was to evaluate increasing inclusions of soybean molasses on feed intake and rumen fermentation parameters of crossbred sheep. Nine crossbred ruminally cannulated male sheep (71.1 ± 12.8 kg BW) were distributed in a triple Latin square 3 × 3 design. Treatments consisted of isonitrogenous (18.5% CP) and isoenergetic (2.7 Kcal ME/kg) diets, containing 0, 10 or 20% SM (DM basis). Before subsequent feeding, samples of orts were collected to monitor daily intake. After 14-d adaptation period rumen fluid samples were collected in each experimental period, at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h after feeding, to measure pH, and evaluate NH(3)-N and VFA concentrations. The pH was measured immediately after rumen fluid sampling, and NH(3)-N concentrations was determined using a micro-Kjeldhal apparatus. The concentration of VFA was determined by gas chromatography. Data were evaluated with a Mixed procedure of SAS, with repeated measures over time. Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine the linear and quadratic effects of SM inclusions, as well as the contrast Control × SM treatments. There was no interaction of time of sampling × treatment for all variables evaluated (P > 0.05). The increasing inclusion of SM did not alter the feed intake and ruminal parameters of feedlot sheep (P > 0.05). In average, the DM, NDF and CP intakes were, respectively, 1.32, 0.434 and 0.235 kg/d. The average values of pH and concentrations of NH(3)-N, acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric and valeric acids were, respectively, 6.1, 13.0 mg/dL, 33.4 mM/L, 16.7 mM/L, 6.5 mM/L, 0.9 mM/L, 1.0 mM/L and 0.6 mM/L. The results indicate that the inclusion of soybean molasses at up to 20% (DM basis) in the diets for feedlot crossbred sheep does not affect the feed intake and ruminal parameters.

The objective with this study was to evaluate the effects of high concentrations of soybean molasses (SM) on dry matter and nutrient intake and in vitro dry matter and nutrients digestibility. Nine ruminally-cannulated male crossbred sheep were assigned to a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design. Treatments consisted of diets containing 0 (M0), 15 (M15) or 30% (M30) SM (DM basis), replacing corn. Diets were composed of corn silage (40%) and concentrate (corn cracked grain [except for M30], wheat bran, soybean meal, urea, mineral-vitamin mix, and soybean molasses [except for M0]). Each experimental period lasted 21 d (14-d adaptation and 7-d data collection). Animals were fed twice daily (0800 and 1600 h) and feed delivered and refused were weighed every morning to calculate the intake of DM, NDF and CP. For in vitro digestibility evaluation, the Ankom Daisy II incubator was used. At d 20 of each experimental period, ruminal content was manually collected and strained with cheesecloth. Rumen fluid (400 mL) was placed into each fermentation jar, with 1330 mL buffer A and 266 mL buffer B. The jars were purged with CO(2), and incubated at 39(o)C for 72 h. When the incubation completed 48 h, 8 g pepsin and 40 mL HCl 6N were added. Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrasts were used to determine the linear and quadratic effects, as well as Control × SM treatments. The SM addition quadratically affected IVDMD (P = 0.005) and IVNDFD (P = 0.002), with greater values observed for M15 (87.9 and 63.6%, respectively), while no effect was observed on IVCPD, DMI, NDFI and CPI. The results show the inclusion of up to 30% SM in crossbred feedlot sheep diets does not affect DM and nutrients intake, nor IVCPD, while 15% SM improves IVDMD and IVNDFD. [Image: see text]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of soybean molasses (SM) on in vitro digestibility and greenhouse gas production in feedlot sheep. Nine crossbred ruminally-cannulated male sheep (71.1 ± 12.8 kg BW) were distributed in a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design. Treatments consisted of diets containing 0, 10 or 20% SM (DM basis). After 14-d adaptation period, in vitro gas production (mL/g and mL/g disappeared [mL/gd]) were evaluated after 24-h incubation at 39°C. Total gas production was estimated using a digital pressure meter equipped with a pressure transducer, while CH(4) and CO(2) concentrations were obtained using gas chromatography. In vitro digestibility of DM (IVDMD), NDF (IVNDFD), and CP (IVCPD) were performed using the Ankom DaisyII incubator. Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Contrasts were used to determine the linear and quadratic effects of SM, and Control × SM treatments. The inclusion of SM promoted a quadratic effect in CO(2) production (mL/g and mL/gd, P < 0.05), with greater values for treatments with 10% SM. The SM addition linearly decreased total gas and CH(4)production (mL/gd, P < 0.05). The inclusion of the by-product linearly increased the IVDMD and decreased the IVNDFD of the diets (P < 0.0001), while quadratically effected the IVCPD with the lowest value observed for treatments with 10% SM (P < 0.0001). When all treatments with SM were evaluated against the Control, a significant effect was observed for total gas, IVDMD, IVNDFD and IVCPD, with averages of 368.9 × 444.0 ml/gd, 82.1 × 76.9%, 35.2 × 50.6% and 83.2 × 84.8%, respectively. The results indicate that increasing levels of SM at up to 20% (DM basis) in the diets for feedlot sheep can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and promote a better use of the diets.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing concentrations of soybean molasses (SM) on feed intake, growth performance, carcass and meat traits of feedlot crossbred (Santa Ines × Dorper) lambs. Animals (n = 30, males, 60-d old, 20.4 ± 1.4 kg BW) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 30 individual pens and three experimental diets, containing 0 (M0), 10 (M10) or 20% (M20) SM, for 51 d. Corn silage was the roughage source (30%), and the concentrate was composed of corn grain, soybean hulls, soybean meal, urea, minerals, and soybean molasses. Daily feed intake and average daily gain were obtained recording feed delivery and orts, dividing by days on feed. When reached 35 kg BW, animals were harvested, and carcass and meat traits were evaluated. The data were analysed using MIXED procedure of SAS. The DM intake was linearly increased with the addition of SM (P = 0.004). However, no effects were observed on NDF, nor CP intakes. Treatments containing SM did not affect ADG (average = 0.293 kg), but the feed efficiency was linearly decreased (P = 0.05). The HCW, CCW and its dressing percentages (HCWD, CCWD) were not affected (averages = 16.6 kg, 16.0 kg, 47.0%, and 45.6%). Carcass’ temperature after 45 min. of slaughter tended to be quadratically affected (P = 0.07) with greater temperatures for M10. Carcass’ pH after 24 h had a linear effect with lower values for M20 (P = 0.02). Meat colour at 45 min. or 24 h after slaughter was not changed by SM addition (averages = 28.3, 12.1, 2.6, 34.2, 14.6, 5.4, respectively for L45, a45, b45, L24, a24, b24). The use of up to 20% SM in crossbred lambs’ diets increase DMI, without affecting significantly ADG and carcass and meat traits. Key Words

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da adição de fontes de lipídeos naturais e protegidos da degradação ruminal na dieta de bovinos Nelore confinados sobre características da carne, concentrações de lipoproteínas sanguíneas e perfil de ácidos graxos da gordura do músculo Longissimus dorsi. Foram utilizados 120 bovinos Nelore, não castrados (366,9±28,7kg), com aproximadamente 24 meses. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos: (CONTR) sem fonte adicional de lipídeo, (GDESP) com fonte de lipídeo natural (torta de algodão) e (GPROT) com fonte de lipídeo protegido rico em ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. Foram utilizadas 24 baias, cinco animais/baia, com oito repetições/tratamento, sendo as baias consideradas unidades experimentais. Foi observada (P

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:23:54Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:23:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 In places characterized with high temperatures and rain occurrence in great intensity in the summer, but with dry winter, the major limitations for the sustainability of no tillage systems are low production of straw during fall-spring period and the fast decomposition during the rain season. To try to solve the problem, intercropped cultures of grains with forage species has presented reliable results; because offer vegetal covering to the next sowing, giving sustainability to the no tillage system. However, being a recent technology, its needed further studies in different areas involved for this system of production. Thus, this study had the objective 1) to evaluate the production of corn grain at different periods of intercropping with Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum in no tillage system, and 2) aimed to evaluate the performance of forage at different periods of intercropping and the responses to nitrogen fertilization after the harvest of the corn, assessing mass productivity and quality. The experiment was carried out at the Lageado experimental farm, School of Agricultural Sciences, Botucatu campus belonged to São Paulo State University (UNESP) in structuralized Red Nitosol (Afisol). The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were composed for four systems of no tillage involving corn: 1) single corn; 2) corn with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu intercropped in the sowing; 3) corn with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu intercropped with the fertilization of covering; 4) corn with Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça intercropped in the sowing and 5) corn with Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça intercropped with the fertilization of covering. After the harvest of the corn, it was applied, in equivalent quantities of nitrogen, ammonium nitrate in covering in doses of 0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1, determining the forage mass productivity and quality. The simultaneous tillage of corn with P. maximum cv. Mombaça in the sowing compromises the grain productivity. When sowed in intercropping, B. brizantha presents a fiber concentration reduction and greater TDN concentration during the fall-spring period. Regarding benefits of intercropped cultures seeking to use in systems of production like agriculture-pasture integration, the best intercropping to be utilized is corn sown simultaneously with B. brizantha cv. Marandu. Nutrição Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Distrito de Rubião Júnior s/n, CP 560. CEP 18618-000 Botucatu-SP Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo Departamento de Produção Vegetal Agricultura FCA/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo Nutrição e Produção Animal FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo Departamento de Produção Vegetal Agricultura FCA/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo Nutrição e Produção Animal FMVZ/UNESP, Botucatu. São Paulo

Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T18:18:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352013000600002.pdf: 336085 bytes, checksum: d5f624cd6f0e96697f92550e0c07924f (MD5) O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da inclusão do preparado de anticorpos policlonais (PAP) e/ou da monensina sódica (MON) sobre o desempenho, as características da carcaça, o perfil de ácidos graxos da carcaça (PAG) e a concentração de lipoproteínas sanguíneas (CLS) de bovinos confinados. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, com medidas repetidas no tempo, sendo os fatores a inclusão ou não de MON e PAP avaliados em dois períodos, em que 72 bovinos machos da raça Brangus, não castrados, foram alocados em 24 baias (três animais/baia), totalizando seis repetições por tratamento. Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) da inclusão do PAP para nenhuma das varáveis de desempenho e características de carcaça. Contudo, foi observado efeito (P0,05) dos aditivos para o PAG e a CLS. Assim, a inclusão do PAP não foi boa alternativa à substituição da MON. Por outro lado, a inclusão do PAP não afetou negativamente os itens estudados. This study was designed to test the effects of polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against several rumen bacteria and/or monensin (MON) on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid profile and blood lipoprotein concentrations in yearling bulls. Seventy-two Brangus yearling bulls were distributed in a completely randomized design with 2 x 2 factorial arrangements of treatments with six replications; factors were the inclusion or not of PAP or MON, measured over two phases. No significant (P>0.05) PAP main effects were observed for any of the feedlot performance and carcass trait variables. However, significant (P>0.05) MON main effects were observed, where animals receiving MON had higher (P0.05) main effects due to feed additives were observed for carcass fatty acid profile and blood lipoprotein concentrations. Therefore, the inclusion of PAP was not a good alternative to replace MON. On the other hand, feeding PAP did not negatively impact the items studied. Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Zootecnia

This experiment was conducted at Unesp feedlot facility, campus of Botucatu, and aimed to evaluate the supplementation of D and E vitamins on animal performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of yearling bulls finished in feedlot. Thirty-six 7-mo-old yearling bulls, 18 Nellore (NEL) and 18 Canchim (CAC), with average initial body weight of 234.53 ± 22.15 and 248.13 ± 34.67 kg, respectively, were fed for 126 days. Nine NEL and nine CAC yearling bulls were daily supplemented with 1300 IU of vitamin E and 7.5 x 106 IU of vitamin D3 for 67 days and 10 days before slaughter, respectively. One day before slaughter, blood samples were collected for evaluation of Ca concentration. After chilling, Longissimus muscle (LM) samples were collected for analysis of shear force, myofibrillar fragmentation index, total lipids, D and E vitamins concentrations, and meat shelf life. An increased level of plasma Ca (p < 0.01) was observed due to vitamin supplementation, showing the action of vitamin D on the animal organism. However, there was no effect (p > 0.05) of vitamins D and E on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. This experiment was conducted at Unesp feedlot facility, campus of Botucatu, and aimed toevaluate the supplementation of D and E vitamins on animal performance, carcass characteristics and meatquality of yearling bulls finished in feedlot. Thirty-six 7-mo-old yearling bulls, 18 Nellore (NEL) and 18Canchim (CAC), with average initial body weight of 234.53 ± 22.15 and 248.13 ± 34.67 kg, respectively,were fed for 126 days. Nine NEL and nine CAC yearling bulls were daily supplemented with 1300 IU ofvitamin E and 7.5 x 106 IU of vitamin D3 for 67 days and 10 days before slaughter, respectively. One daybefore slaughter, blood samples were collected for evaluation of Ca concentration. After chilling,Longissimus muscle (LM) samples were collected for analysis of shear force, myofibrillar fragmentationindex, total lipids, D and E vitamins concentrations, and meat shelf life. An increased level of plasma Ca(p < 0.01) was observed due to vitamin supplementation, showing the action of vitamin D on the animalorganism. However, there was no effect (p > 0.05) of vitamins D and E on feedlot performance, carcasscharacteristics and meat quality.