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The biomass-assisted fabrication of green nanoparticles is in rise in recent years as it ensures environment compatibility and economically smartness. Now-a-days, the scientific world utilizing the abundantly available plant biomass to synthesize nanoparticles. The present study attempted the biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from the silver salt (silver nitrate) using the leaf extract from the plant, Jatropha maheshwarii. The functional groups attached, morphological features and the other qualities of J. maheshwarii mediated Ag NPs was done using the characterization techniques (spectroscopic and micrographic) like Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). These analyses showed that the nanoparticles are spherical and flakes in shape and the XRD results indicated an average particle size of 25.98 ​nm. These nanoparticles were employed as an antibacterial agent on different bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. The significant antibacterial activity exhibited against S. typhi (19 ​mm) at a concentration of 100 ​μg/ml. Furthermore, the mode of action of these bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent was screened by the amount of reducing sugars and proteins leaked from the bacterial cells under study after treating with nanoparticles (leakage assay). These findings encourage the future development of these green nanoparticles as potential antibacterial drugs.

The newest developments in the IoMT, wearable devices, and communications systems to offer smart healthcare services have made human life in the age of pervasive computing wiser. The healthcare sector may transform thanks to IoMT. Through software and Information Communication Technology (ICT), IoMT links wearable devices, patients, healthcare professionals, and careers. Ambient Assisted Lifestyle (AAL) allows it to incorporate new technology into day-to-day activities. Edge computation and cloud technologies are essential to achieving this goal to meet the needs of smart medical infrastructures. In this research wok, the IoMT-AAL architecture in the edge computing-assisted IoMT system based Deep Neural Networks (DNN) is presented in this study. The proposed IoMT-AAL aims to speed up timely data collecting and processing so that judgments are made utilizing the data. The IoMT-AAL model is used to identify the patient via the IoMT sensors, sending the data they have collected to edge computation. Then, many empirical analyses are conducted, and the outcomes are examined from many angles. It can be said that the IoMT-AAL effectively predicts the healthcare framework using DNN based on various parameters like specificity, precision, improvement, physical activity, tracking, and security. The simulation results demonstrated the IoMT-AALmodel's advantages over the other techniques.

Medical workers can assess disease progression and create expedient treatment plans with the help of automated and accurate 3Dsegmentation of medical images. DCNNs (Deep convolution neural networks) have been widely used in this work, but their accuracy still needs to be increased, mostly due to their insufficient understanding of 3D environments. This study proposed three dimensional residual networks, ResUNet++, for precise segmentations of three-dimensional medical images where encoders, segmentation decoders, and context residual decoders are used. Two decoders are connected at scale utilizing context attention maps and context residual, the former explicitly learns inter-slice context data and the latter utilizes contexts as attention to increase segmentation accuracy. This model was assessed by using MICCAI 2018 BraTS dataset and, the Pancreas-CT dataset. The BrasTS and Pancreas-CT dataset scales were compared in terms of ET, WT, TC. Moreover, the proposed model was compared with/without boundary loss and validation dice score. The outcomes not only show how effective the suggested 3D residual learning approach is, but also show that the suggested ResUNet++ offers better accuracy compared to six of the top-ranking techniques used for segmenting tumors in the brain.

In this paper, we introduce the notions of minimal u-ω-closed sets, maximal u-ω-open sets, u-ω-paraopen sets, u-ω-paraclosed sets, u-ω-mean open sets and u-ω-mean closed sets in bitopological spaces and obtain several characterizations and some of its properties.

Background: Ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength from 280 to 320 nm (UV-B) is a prime abiotic factor and environmental stress that can trigger the accumulation/increase of secondary metabolites like phenolic compounds that are unique sources of pharmaceuticals. The Fabaceae family legume seeds or grains contain different kinds of bioactive compounds chiefly classified under phenolic compounds whose potential benefits to human health need to be evaluated for their orderly utilization. This paper aims to study the influence of UV-B radiation on the increase of total free phenols and tannins in the seeds of a wild legume and a crop legume (Abrus precatorius L. and Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) as a process of fortifying the levels of these bioactive secondary metabolites. Method: The flour of raw seeds, UV-B exposed raw seeds, soaked seeds, and UV-B exposed soaked seeds of Abrus precatorius and Vigna mungo was used to study the influence of UV-B on the accumulation/increase of total free phenols and tannins in the seeds selected for this study. Results: Both raw (dry) and overnight soaked seeds showed increased levels of total free phenols and tannins in response to UV-B exposure. Conclusion: It is concluded that UV-B radiation-related stress (an external stimulus) will have a major influence on the accumulation/increase of secondary metabolites in higher plants.

In this study, the activated carbon with Fe3O4 nanoparticles was synthesized and employed as an effective tool to remove the Cr (VI) from the aqueous solution. The process inputs like concentration of Cr (VI), the dosage of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in activated carbon, and pH of the aqueous solution were optimized by response surface methodology, and their effects were studied. The statistical analysis by ANOVA showed that the process inputs were significantly affected the removal rate, with the maximum impact provided by the pH of the aqueous solution. The best parameters were identified to be pH of 3, aqueous solution concentration of 12 mg/L, the dosage of 1.5 g/L, and adsorption time of 40 min. SEM, EDS, and FTIR characterized the synthesized activated carbon/Fe3O4 samples with magnetic characteristics. Adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics analyzed the chemical stability of the synthesized nanocomposite.

Application of nanotechnology in agriculture aims to reduce the usage of plant protection products, improve the cultivation and increase the growth and yield of crop plants. The present study is the first attempt to biosynthesize a simple, cost-effective and eco-friendly phytochemically capped AgNPs using Psophocarpustetragonolobus (winged bean) leaf extract. The biosynthesized AgNPs were confirmed by UV–vis spectrophotometer with Surface Plasmon Resonance at 430 nm. The XRD pattern and EDX spectrum were confirmed the crystalline nature of biosynthesized AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was confirmed the presence of polyphenols and an aromatic group of protein played an important role in the reduction of AgNO3 to AgNPs. TheTEM and AFM analysis were confirmed the size of biosynthesized AgNPs was 15.47–20.98 nm. Seed priming is a technique which involves uptake of water by the seed followed by the benefits includes rapid, uniform and increased germination, improved seedling vigor and growth under a broad range of environments resulting in better stand establishment and alleviation of phytochrome induced dormancy in some crops. Winged bean seeds primed with photosynthesized AgNPs50 significantly improved germination percentage (88.33 %), vigor index (2848.44) as compared to hydroprimed and unprimed control. Moreover, AgNPs could enhance antioxidant enzymes like peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and a higher concentration of soluble sugar, soluble protein, sucrose and chlorophyll contents supporting the seedling growth. Furthermore, ISSR markers confirmed the genetic uniformity of nanopriming with AgNPs and the seedling showed normal phenotypical characters without any toxicity. It was concluded that AgNPs50 was the best nanopriming treatment to enhance the germinability, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical activities in P.tetragonolobus.

Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant with great therapeutic potential. The leaves of Moringa oleifera are used by Indians in herbal medicines to treat diabetes. The present study is aimed to determine the protective role of Moringa oleifera in cardiac tissues under diabetic conditions. Diabetic rats were treated orally with methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves at a dose of 300 mg/Kg body weight for 60 days. The effect of extract on serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, plasma insulin and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydroperoxides (HP), conjugated dienes (D), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-reductase (GRD) and reduced glutathione content (GSH) were estiated. Metformin and atorvastatin were used as standard drugs. A significant increase in plasma insulin, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-reductase (GRD) and reduced glutathione content (GSH) and a significant decrease in serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydroperoxides (HP) and conjugated dienes (CD) were observed in the treated groups. This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves. These findings suggest the protective role of Moringa oleifera against oxidative stress in the heart of diabetic rats.

Five novel compounds possessing hydrazinyl carbothioamide moiety were designed and synthesized. All the compounds were tested for in vitro biological activities. Most of the tested compounds displayed strong antibacterial and antifungal activities. Molecular docking studies suggested that the hydrazinyl carbothioamide moiety of compounds (6–10) can in general be accommodated the binding pocket of the breast cancer protein (1JNX) and are responsible for the activity of the whole of the molecule. The docking results provide a new insight into the design of hydrazinyl carbothioamide derivatives as breast cancer drug.

A rapid synthesis of hydrazinyl thiazoles under solvent and catalyst free condition is reported within 30 s. A series of aryl ketones/4-benzoyl pyridine thiosemicarbazone, thiosemicarbazide and α-haloketones were used. This is an environmentally benign microwave assisted and efficient method for rapid synthesis of hydrazinyl thiazoles.

The inhibitive action of synthesised polyvinyl alcohol–sulphanilic acid (PVASA) composite on the corrosion of commercial mild steel in 1 M HCl medium has been investigated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) methods. Characterization of PVASA composite has been carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Experimental results reveal that PVASA composite acts as an inhibitor in the acid environment. The inhibition efficiency increases with an increase in the concentration of the inhibitor. Maximum inhibition efficiency of PVASA composite was found to be 84% at 6000 ppm. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters have been obtained from temperature studies. Electrochemical measurement reveals that PVASA composite acts as a mixed inhibitor and the adsorption follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Objective: To study the effect of obesity on Flow Volume curves of middle aged individuals with obstructive pulmonary disease. Background: Obesity and obstructive pulmonary disease quite often co-exist in the same individual seeking treatment for respiratory illness. Not many studies have been done about the impact of obesity on dynamic respiratory mechanics in patients with obstructive lung disease in South India. Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study where data was collected from the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS hospital, Mysore. 120 normotensive non diabetic subjects in the age group of 40-60 years, were divided into four groups based on their BMI and the presence of obstructive findings. Flow Volume loop, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/ FVC were recorded using computerised spirometer. Results: The measured FEV1/FVC % in obese patients with obstructive findings was significantly lower than in normal BMI patients with obstructive findings. Obese individuals without obstructive findings also showed significantly lower measured FEV1/FVC % than normal BMI individuals without obstructive findings. Conclusion: Obese individuals have more obstruction when compared to even normal BMI individuals with symptoms. As the changes in respiratory mechanics due to obesity are almost completely reversible, early intervention in obese patients with COPD will ensure lower dependence on medicines to manage the respiratory condition.

A series of 1-thiocarbamoyl-3-phenyl-5-hydroxy-5-(2-pyridyl)-4-pyrazolines derivatives have been synthesized using sodium acetate as a catalyst. The spectral characterization and structure of 1-thiocarbamoyl-3-phenyl-5-hydroxy-5-(2-pyridyl)-4-pyrazolines are reported. Spectral techniques employed include 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H–1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, D2O exchange, Mass and IR. Compounds 12–22 exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas the same set of compounds exerted potent antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus.

Corrosion control methods, especially the use of inhibitors, have gained monumental importance in the present scenario of expunging corrosion and the quest for eco-friendly reasons continues. To arrive at an inexpensive non-toxic, eco-friendly inhibitor formulations the present study on the use of Staminate Flower extract of Cocos Nucifera has been carried out by the classical weight loss measurements and electrochemical polarization measurements. The acid extract could bring out a maximum of 97.3% inhibition of mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl. Thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion process were calculated from temperature study. The adsorptive behaviour of Staminate Flower extract in acid solution may be approximated both by Langmuir and Temkin type isotherms. The results obtained by Tafel, Linear polarization resistance, and impedance spectroscopy have been correlated with the classical weight loss measurements. Values of Tafel constant ba and bc confirmed that the Staminate Flower extract acts like mixed type inhibitor. Examination of the surface of the metal in the presence of the inhibitor confirmed the deposition of inhibitor on the metal surface. The Staminate Flower extract in HCl medium efficiently inhibits the corrosion and proved to be zero cost inhibitor, eco-friendly, non-toxic, and highly economical.

A heterocyclic imidazoline, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-2-imidazolines (TMP2I) was tested for its corrosion inhibition in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M HCl using weight loss, Tafel polarisation and electrochemical impedance techniques. The results show that the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in concentration of TMP2I and the higher efficiency of about 98% is obtained in both the acid media at 20 ppm. The adsorption of TMP2I obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm and occurs spontaneously. Cathodic and anodic polarization curves of mild steel in the presence of different concentrations of TMP2I at 30 0C reveal that it is a mixed type of inhibitor. Electrochemical impedance studies reveal that the system follows mixed mode of inhibition. The surface morphology of the mild steel specimens was evaluated using SEM images

Addition of corrosion inhibitors is one of the widely used methods to control corrosion. In this work, an attempt has been made to explore the possibility of using dicycloimine hydrochloride (DCI) as an inhibitor on mild steel in 1 M HCl. The inhibition efficiency of DCI has been evaluated by conventional weight loss method and electrochemical polarization studies. Experimental results are fitted to various adsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters have also been studied from temperature studies. The results reveal that DCI acts as an effective inhibitor (around 90% of IE) in HCl media.

The inhibitory effect of extract obtained from destructive distillation of palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) shell on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M HCl was investigated using weight loss and electrochemical measurement techniques. The results show that the inhibition efficiency increases with increase of palmyra palm shell extract concentration. The maximum inhibition efficiency in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M HCl was found to be 97.65% and 98.11% for a period of 24 h with 3%v/v concentration of the inhibitor respectively. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated from temperature studies. Results were fitted into suitable adsorption isotherms. Electrochemical measurements infer that the extract acted through mixed mode of inhibition. Efforts were made to analyze the effectiveness of shell extract of palmyra palm in industrial processes.

The role of seed extract of Cyamopsis tetragonaloba on corrosion mitigation of mild steel in 1 M HCl has been investigated by weight loss method and potentiodynamic polarization technique. Maximum inhibition efficiency of Cyamopsis tetragonaloba in 1 M HCl was found to be 92%. Experimental results were fitted into Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherm to study the process of inhibition. The potentiodynamic polarization results reveal that the seed extract behaved like mixed type inhibitor.

Elimination of heavy metals like nickel from waste water is an important subject in view of public health. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the applicability of industrial by-products as potential metal adsorbents to remove nickel from aqueous solutions and polluted water. A direct proportionality between the percentage of Ni(II) removal and adsorbent dosage was noted. Maximum removal ⁄ recovery of nickel was achieved at pH range of 10-12 for all adsorbents. An optimum temperature of 40 °C for efficient removal of Ni(II) was observed. The effect of nickel adsorption was affected by salinity. The adsorption isotherm data confirmed to Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Conformation of data to the Lagergren᾽s rate equation indicated first order kinetics. The suitability of the industrial by-products in the successful removal of nickel from aqueous solution is quite obvious from the study.

The polymer PGA composite was prepared by chemical oxidative method of polyethylene glycol, anthranilic acid with ammonium persulphate in oxalic acid medium. The resulted polymer was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. The performance of the polymer polyglycol anthranilic acid composite (PGA) as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl has been studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic and impedance spectroscopy methods. The maximum IE was found to be 97%. Experimental results were fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Electrochemical studies confirmed the inhibitive nature of the PGA composite and also the mixed nature of the inhibitor. The polymer is found to be highly efficient non-toxic and environmentally safe.

As a direct consequence of the rapid development of wireless sensor networks, smart gadgets, and traditional information and communication technologies, there has been a considerable rise in the utilization of applications and services connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) in our day-to-day lives. This has led to an increase in the importance that the IoT has been given. The Internet of Things processes large amounts of data. This data may be very sensitive since it may contain highly personal information such as a person's health, finances, location, and other highly sensitive details. In order to implement fine-grained security management in the internet of things, an efficient access control system is required. Access control for the Internet of Things is considered in a number of suggestions; nevertheless, the development of blockchain-based solutions for IoT access control receives relatively little attention at this time. In this post, we take a look at some recent advances and essential needs for blockchain-based solutions for managing access to the Internet of Things. We highlight a few features controlling access to the Internet of Things, such as decentralized control, secure storage, and the ability to exchange information in a trustless manner. These include both the advantages and the constraints of this technology. In conclusion, we suggest some possible routes for further research on how to incorporate blockchain technology with IoT access control in an efficient and effective way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]