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1. Mismatch Repair Screening of Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Impact on Lynch Syndrome Detection and Immunotherapy

Author: R., Openshaw M., J., Williams, T., Foo, C., Moss, A., Wotherspoon, N., Starling., and Z., Kemp
Published: 2023
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2. Taxonomic reclassification of Kaposi Sarcoma identifies disease entities with distinct immunopathogenesis

Author: M. R. Openshaw, E. Gervasi, C. A. M. Fulgenzi, D. J. Pinato, A. Dalla Pria, and M. Bower
Subjects: Kaposi Sarcoma, Disease classification, Human herpes virus 8, Human immunodeficiency virus, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background The taxonomy of Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is based on a classification system focused on the description of clinicopathological features of KS in geographically and clinically diverse populations. The classification includes classic, endemic, epidemic/HIV associated and iatrogenic KS, and KS in men who have sex with men (MSM). We assessed the medical relevance of the current classification of KS and sought clinically useful improvements in KS taxonomy. Methods We reviewed the demographic and clinicopathological features of 676 patients with KS, who were referred to the national centre for HIV oncology at Chelsea Westminster hospital between 2000 and 2021. Results Demographic differences between the different subtypes of KS exist as tautological findings of the current classification system. However, no definitive differences in clinicopathological, virological or immunological parameters at presentation could be demonstrated between the classic, endemic or MSM KS patients. Reclassifying patients as either immunosuppressed or non-immunosuppressed, showed that the immunosuppressed group had a significantly higher proportion of adverse disease features at presentation including visceral disease and extensive oral involvement, classified together as advanced disease (chi2 P = 0.0012*) and disseminated skin involvement (chi2 P
Published: 2023
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3. Efficacy and safety of frontline systemic therapy for advanced HCC: A network meta-analysis of landmark phase III trials

Author: Claudia Angela Maria Fulgenzi, Bernhard Scheiner, James Korolewicz, Charalampos-Vlasios Stikas, Alessandra Gennari, Bruno Vincenzi, Mark R. Openshaw, Marianna Silletta, Matthias Pinter, Alessio Cortellini, Lorenza Scotti, Antonio D’Alessio, and David J. Pinato
Subjects: Targeted therapy, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, First-line treatment, Liver cancer, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: Background & Aims: Direct comparisons across first-line regimens for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma are not available. We performed a network metanalysis of phase III of trials to compare first-line systemic treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma in terms of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, disease control rate, and incidence of adverse events (AEs). Methods: After performing a literature review from January 2008 to September 2022, we screened 6,329 studies and reviewed 3,009 studies, leading to identification of 15 phase III trials for analysis. We extracted odds ratios for objective response rate and disease control rate, relative risks for AEs, and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for OS and PFS, and used a frequentist network metanalysis, with fixed-effect multivariable meta-regression models to estimate the indirect pooled HRs, odds ratios, relative risks, and corresponding 95% CIs, considering sorafenib as reference. Results: Of 10,820 included patients, 10,444 received active treatment and 376 placebo. Sintilimab + IBI350, camrelizumab + rivoceranib, and atezolizumab + bevacizumab provided the greatest reduction in the risk of death compared with sorafenib, with HRs of 0.57 (95% CI 0.43–0.75), 0.62 (95% CI 0.49–0.79), and 0.66 (95% CI 0.52–0.84), respectively. Considering PFS, camrelizumab + rivoceranib and pembrolizumab + lenvatinib were associated with the greatest reduction in the risk of PFS events compared with sorafenib, with HRs of 0.52 (95% CI 0.41–0.65) and 0.52 (95% CI 0.35–0.77), respectively. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapies carried the lowest risk for all-grade and grade ≥3 AEs. Conclusions: The combinations of ICI + anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, and double ICIs lead to the greatest OS benefit compared with sorafenib, whereas ICI + kinase inhibitor regimens are associated with greater PFS benefit at the cost of higher toxicity rates. Impact and Implications: In the last few years, many different therapies have been studied for patients with primary liver cancer that cannot be treated with surgery. In these cases, anticancer drugs (alone or in combination) are given with the intent to keep the cancer at bay and, ultimately, to prolong survival. Among all the therapies that have been investigated, the combination of immunotherapy (drugs that boost the immune system against the cancer) and anti-angiogenic agents (drugs that act on tumoural vessels) has appeared the best to improve survival. Similarly, the combination of two types of immunotherapies that activate the immune system at different levels has also shown positive results. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42022366330.
Published: 2023
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4. Sensitive screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cell free DNA for diagnosis of gestational tumours

Author: Geoffrey J. Maher, Rosemary A. Fisher, Baljeet Kaur, Xianne Aguiar, Preetha Aravind, Natashia Cedeno, James Clark, Debbie Damon, Ehsan Ghorani, Adam Januszewski, Foteini Kalofonou, Ravindhi Murphy, Rajat Roy, Naveed Sarwar, Mark R. Openshaw, and Michael J. Seckl
Subjects: Medicine, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract: Abstract Tumours expressing human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), the majority of which are difficult to biopsy due to their vascularity, have disparate prognoses depending on their origin. As optimal management relies on accurate diagnosis, we aimed to develop a sensitive cell free DNA (cfDNA) assay to non-invasively distinguish between cases of gestational and non-gestational origin. Deep error-corrected Illumina sequencing of 195 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cfDNA and matched genomic DNA from 36 patients with hCG-secreting tumours (serum hCG 5 to 3,042,881 IU/L) and 7 controls with normal hCG levels (≤4 IU/L) was performed. cfDNA from confirmed gestational tumours with hCG levels ranging from 1497 to 700,855 IU/L had multiple (n ≥ 12) ‘non-host’ alleles (i.e. alleles of paternal origin). In such cases the non-host fraction of cfDNA ranged from 0.3 to 40.4% and correlated with serum hCG levels. At lower hCG levels the ability to detect non-host cfDNA was variable, with the detection limit dependent on the type of causative pregnancy. Patients with non-gestational tumours were identifiable by the absence of non-host cfDNA, with copy number alterations detectable in the majority of cases. Following validation in a larger cohort, our sensitive assay will enable clinicians to better inform patients, for whom biopsy is inappropriate, of their prognosis and provide optimum management.
Published: 2022
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5. Mainstreaming of genomics in oncology: a nationwide survey of the genomics training needs of UK oncologists

Author: Rippie K Tutika, James A Bennett, Jean Abraham, Katie Snape, Katrina Tatton-Brown, Zoe Kemp, Ellen Copson, and Mark R Openshaw
Subjects: General Medicine
Published: 2023

6. Non-invasive Technology Advances in Cancer—A Review of the Advances in the Liquid Biopsy for Endometrial and Ovarian Cancers

Author: Mark R. Openshaw and Terri P. McVeigh
Subjects: biomarker, circulating tumor (ctDNA), microRNA, DNA, circulating tumor cell (CTC), Medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract: Improving cancer survival rates globally requires improvements in disease detection and monitoring, with the aim of improving early diagnosis and prediction of disease relapse. Traditional means of detecting and monitoring cancers rely largely on imaging and, where possible, blood-based protein biomarkers, many of which are non-specific. Treatments are being improved by identification of inherited and acquired genomic aberrations in tumors, some of which can be targeted by newly developed therapeutic interventions. Treatment of gynecological malignancy is progressively moving toward personalized therapy, as exemplified by application of PARP-inhibition for patients with BRCA-deficient tubo-ovarian cancers, or checkpoint inhibition in patients with mismatch repair-deficient disease. However, the more recent discovery of a group of biomarkers described under the umbrella term of “liquid biopsy” promises significant improvement in our ability to detect and monitor cancers. The term “liquid biopsy” is used to describe an array of tumor-derived material found in blood plasma and other bodily fluids such as ascites, pleural fluid, saliva, and urine. It includes circulating tumors cells (CTCs), circulating nucleic acids including DNA, messenger RNA and micro RNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review, we discuss recent advancements in liquid biopsy for biomarker detection to help in diagnosis, prognosis, and planning of treatment of ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Published: 2020
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7. New Frontiers in the Medical Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author: Claudia Angela Maria Fulgenzi, Antonio D’Alessio, Thomas Talbot, Alessandra Gennari, Mark R. Openshaw, Coskun O. Demirtas, Alessio Cortellini, and David J. Pinato
Subjects: Bevacizumab, Pharmacology, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, Liver Neoplasms, Drug Discovery, Humans, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Pharmacology (medical), Immunotherapy, General Medicine
Abstract: Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor, and it rates fourth as a cause of cancer-related death. The presence of underlying liver disease and poor chemosensitivity pose major treatment challenges in the management of HCC. However, in the last few years, the therapeutic scenario has substantially changed, and immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) has become an essential therapeutic strategy in this field. Summary: After controversial results of monotherapy, ICPIs have been mainly investigated in association with antiangiogenic agents or as dual checkpoint inhibition. The combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has become the new therapeutic standard for unresectable HCC. Currently, a number of ICPI-based combinations are being studied in phase III clinical trials as front-line therapy for advanced HCC, with growing interest in integration of early-stage disease management in the form of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapies. With most of the trials investigating ICPIs as first-line treatment, the second-line scenario relies mainly on tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which however have not been formally trialed after ICPIs. Key Messages: In this review, we summarize the main therapeutic advances in the systemic management of HCC focusing on the most relevant ongoing trials. We also discuss the main issues arising from a such rapidly evolving field including therapeutic sequencing and patient stratification.
Published: 2022

8. Circulating Cell Free DNA in the Diagnosis of Trophoblastic Tumors

Author: Mark R. Openshaw, Richard A. Harvey, Neil J. Sebire, Baljeet Kaur, Naveed Sarwar, Michael J. Seckl, and Rosemary A. Fisher
Subjects: Trophoblastic tumor, Hydatidiform mole, Cell free DNA, Circulating tumor DNA, Molecular genotyping, Liquid biopsy, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) represents a group of diseases characterized by production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Since non-gestational tumors may occasionally secrete hCG, histopathological diagnosis is important for appropriate clinical management. However, a histopathological diagnosis is not always available. We therefore investigated the feasibility of extracting cell free DNA (cfDNA) from the plasma of women with GTN for use as a “liquid biopsy” in patients without histopathological diagnosis. cfDNA was prepared from the plasma of 20 women with a diagnosis of GTN and five with hCG-secreting tumors of unknown origin. Genotyping of cfDNA from the patient, genomic DNA from her and her partner and DNA from the tumor tissue identified circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) (from 9% to 53% of total cfDNA) in 12 of 20 patients with GTN. In one case without a tissue diagnosis, ctDNA enabled a diagnosis of GTN originating in a non-molar conception and in another a diagnosis of non-gestational tumor, based on the high degree of allelic instability and loss of heterozygosity in the ctDNA. In summary ctDNA can be detected in the plasma of women with GTN and can facilitate the diagnosis of both gestational and non-gestational trophoblastic tumors in cases without histopathological diagnosis.
Published: 2016
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9. Mismatch Repair Screening of Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Impact on Lynch Syndrome Detection and Immunotherapy

Author: R., Openshaw M., primary, J., Williams, additional, T., Foo, additional, C., Moss, additional, A., Wotherspoon, additional, N., Starling., additional, and Z., Kemp, additional
Published: 2022
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10. Longitudinal monitoring of circulating tumour DNA improves prognostication and relapse detection in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma

Author: Ali Abdulnabi Mohamed, Anne L. Thomas, Cathy Richards, David S. Guttery, Barbara Ottolini, Mark R Openshaw, Jacqui Shaw, Karen Page, and Daniel Fernandez-Garcia
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA Copy Number Variations, Esophageal Neoplasms, Subsequent Relapse, Disease, Adenocarcinoma, Article, Circulating Tumor DNA, Tumour biomarkers, Prognostic markers, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, Cancer genomics, Humans, Medicine, Longitudinal Studies, Blood markers, Cancer genetics, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma, business.industry, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Clinical disease, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biomarker (medicine), Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Gastric cancer, business, DNA
Abstract: Background Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GOA) has poor clinical outcomes and lacks reliable blood markers. Here we present circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) as an emerging biomarker. Methods Forty patients (17 palliative and 23 curative) were followed by serial plasma monitoring. Primary tumour DNA was analysed by targeted next-generation sequencing to identify somatic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), and Nanostring nCounter® to detect copy number alterations (CNAs). Patient-specific SNVs and CNA amplifications (CNAamp) were analysed in plasma using digital droplet PCR and quantitative PCR, respectively. Results Thirty-five patients (13 palliative, 22 curative) had ≥1 SNVs and/or CNAamp detected in primary tumour DNA suitable for tracking in plasma. Eighteen of 35 patients (nine palliative, nine curative) had ≥1 ctDNA-positive plasma sample. Detection of postoperative ctDNA predicted short RFS (190 vs 934 days, HR = 3.7, p = 0.028) and subsequent relapse (PPV for relapse 0.83). High ctDNA levels (>60.5 copies/ml) at diagnosis of metastatic disease predicted poor OS (90 vs 372 days, HR = 11.7 p Conclusion Sensitive ctDNA detection allows disease monitoring and prediction of short OS in metastatic patients. Presence of ctDNA postoperatively predicts relapse and defines a ‘molecular relapse’ before overt clinical disease. This lead time defines a potential therapeutic window for additional anticancer therapy.
Published: 2020

11. Back from the Brink: EGFR Inhibition in Gastroesophageal Cancer

Author: David J. Pinato, Nicola Valeri, and Mark R. Openshaw
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal Neoplasms, business.industry, Egfr inhibition, Adenocarcinoma, law.invention, ErbB Receptors, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Gastroesophageal cancer, Randomized controlled trial, Stomach Neoplasms, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, business, EGFR inhibitors
Abstract: Gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (GEA) remain difficult to treat with limited targeted therapeutics. Negative results from randomized trials of EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi) in patients with molecularly unselected GEA have hampered the development of EGFRi in the gastroesophageal cancer space. A recent study reopens the game. See related article by Corso et al., p. 3126
Published: 2021

12. Circulating tumor DNA profiling from breast cancer screening through to metastatic disease

Author: Robert K. Hastings, Kelly L. T. Gleason, Kate Goddard, Justin Stebbing, David S. Guttery, Carlo Palmieri, Karen Page, Charlotte Ions, Mark R Openshaw, Simak Ali, Daniel Fernandez-Garcia, Amelia J Rushton, Luke Martinson, Georgios Nteliopoulos, R. Charles Coombes, Allison Hills, Vilas Parmar, Molly C Gray, L Primrose, Jacqueline A Shaw, National Institute for Health Research, and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding
Subjects: Adult, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Population, Breast Neoplasms, Disease, Circulating Tumor DNA, Breast cancer screening, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Nucleic Acid Sequencing, Breast screening, Neoplasm Metastasis, education, skin and connective tissue diseases, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, Aromatase Inhibitors, business.industry, Estrogen Receptor alpha, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, ORIGINAL REPORTS, Middle Aged, Survival Analysis, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Circulating tumor DNA, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Female, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, business
Abstract: PURPOSE We investigated the utility of the Oncomine Breast cfDNA Assay for detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in women from a breast screening population, including healthy women with no abnormality detected by mammogram, and women on follow-up through to advanced breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples were taken from 373 women (127 healthy controls recruited through breast screening, 28 ductal carcinoma in situ, 60 primary breast cancers, 47 primary breast cancer on follow-up, and 111 metastatic breast cancers [MBC]) to recover plasma and germline DNA for analysis with the Oncomine Breast cfDNA Assay on the Ion S5 platform. RESULTS One hundred sixteen of 373 plasma samples had one or more somatic variants detected across eight of the 10 genes and were called ctDNA-positive; MBC had the highest proportion of ctDNA-positive samples (61; 55%) and healthy controls the lowest (20; 15.7%). ESR1, TP53, and PIK3CA mutations account for 93% of all variants detected and predict poor overall survival in MBC (hazard ratio = 3.461; 95% CI, 1.866 to 6.42; P = .001). Patients with MBC had higher plasma cell-free DNA levels, higher variant allele frequencies, and more polyclonal variants, notably in ESR1 than in all other groups. Only 15 individuals had evidence of potential clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential mutations. CONCLUSION We were able detect ctDNA across the breast cancer spectrum, notably in MBC where variants in ESR1, TP53, and PIK3CA predicted poor overall survival. The assay could be used to monitor emergence of resistance mutations such as in ESR1 that herald resistance to aromatase inhibitors to tailor adjuvant therapies. However, we suggest caution is needed when interpreting results from a single plasma sample as variants were also detected in a small proportion of HCs., Detection of ctDNA increases as breast cancer progresses and predicts poor overall survival in metastatic patients. or ctDNA detection increases as breast cancer progresses and predicts poor overall survival in metastatic patients.
Published: 2021

13. Reforming New Zealand Secondary Education: The Picot Report and the Road to Radical Reform

Author: R. Openshaw and R. Openshaw
Published: 2009

14. Biliary tract cancers: molecular heterogeneity and new treatment options

Author: Tiziana Pressiani, Athanasios Pouptsis, Chara Stavraka, Nicola Personeni, Mark R. Openshaw, David J. Pinato, Francesca Colapietro, Lorenza Rimassa, and Ana Lleo
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, IDH, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, targeted agents, medicine.medical_treatment, ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE 1, Review, Disease, lcsh:RC254-282, THERAPEUTIC TARGETS, molecular characterization, 03 medical and health sciences, DOUBLE-BLIND, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, biliary tract cancer, tumor heterogeneity, medicine, TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Epigenetics, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, Chemotherapy, Science & Technology, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, business.industry, FGFR, RANDOMIZED PHASE-III, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, OPEN-LABEL, PLUS S-1, 030104 developmental biology, BRAF GENE, Biliary tract, Fibroblast growth factor receptor, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMAS, business, cholangiocarcinoma, GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR, Adjuvant, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Simple Summary Incidence of biliary tract cancer is increasing, and patients are frequently diagnosed with unresectable or metastatic disease, when therapeutic options are limited. Due to these reasons, prognosis remains poor and new systemic treatment options are urgently needed. This article reviews the new available data on molecular heterogeneity of biliary tract cancer and especially intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and the novel therapeutic strategies offered by the improved knowledge of the biology of this disease. For these reasons, this topic is of relevant interest for the oncology and hepatology community. Abstract Most patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) are diagnosed with advanced disease, relapse rates are high in those undergoing surgery and prognosis remains poor, while the incidence is increasing. Treatment options are limited, and chemotherapy is still the standard of care in both adjuvant and advanced disease setting. In recent years, different subtypes of BTC have been defined depending on the anatomical location and genetic and/or epigenetic aberrations. Especially for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) novel therapeutic targets have been identified, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene fusions and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutations, with molecularly targeted agents having shown evidence of activity in this subgroup of patients. Additionally, other pathways are being evaluated in both iCCA and other subtypes of BTC, alongside targeting of the immune microenvironment. The growing knowledge of BTC biology and molecular heterogeneity has paved the way for the development of new therapeutic approaches that will completely change the treatment paradigm for this disease in the near future. This review provides an overview of the molecular heterogeneity of BTC and summarizes new targets and emerging therapies in development. We also discuss resistance mechanisms, open issues, and future perspectives in the management of BTC.
Published: 2020

15. Longitudinal whole-exome sequencing of cell-free DNA unravels the metastatic evolutionary dynamics of BRCA2-mutated breast cancer

Author: Karen Page, Daniel Fernandez-Garcia, David S. Guttery, Cathy J. Richards, A.B. Moreno-Cardenas, L Primrose, Mark R Openshaw, Sharif Uddin Ahmed, Bradley J. Toghill, Luke Martinson, Josep Tabernero, R.A. Toledo, M. Vazquez, Robert K. Hastings, R. C. Coombes, Anne Thomas, Jacqui Shaw, and K Kulbicki
Subjects: Mutation, Breast cancer, Cell-free fetal DNA, Cancer research, medicine, Human leukocyte antigen, Biology, Evolutionary dynamics, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Gene, Primary tumor, Exome sequencing
Abstract: Little is known about the metastatic evolutionary dynamics of BRCA2-mutated cancers. Here, we applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) of primary tumor (PT), local relapse (LR) and eight serial plasma cfDNA samples collected from disease progression to depict the 12 years evolutionary trajectory of a metastatic BRCA2-mutated breast cancer. While longitudinal WES-cfDNA recapitulated clonal and subclonal mutations and copy number profiles detected in LR, emergence of plasma-exclusive mutations in TSC2 and HDAC9 cancer-related genes and loss of HLA loci as an immune escape mechanism were also detected. Lastly, mutation signature 3, associated with homologous recombination deficiency and response to platinum-based therapy raised profoundly from 19% in PT to 60% in late stage disease. In conclusion, we show for the first time that longitudinal WES-cfDNA enables the evolutionary trajectory of advanced cancer to be uncovered and that increment of MS3 and loss of HLA are key players in this BRCA2-mutated breast metastasis.
Published: 2020
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16. The genetics of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma and the use of circulating cell free DNA for disease detection and monitoring

Author: Anne L. Thomas, Catherine J Richards, David S. Guttery, Mark R Openshaw, and Jacqueline A Shaw
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Esophageal Neoplasms, Context (language use), Disease, Adenocarcinoma, Biology, Bioinformatics, Genome, DNA sequencing, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Stomach Neoplasms, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Liquid biopsy, Molecular Biology, Exome sequencing, Cancer, DNA, Neoplasm, medicine.disease, Circulating Cell-Free DNA, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Molecular Medicine
Abstract: Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GOA) is a frequently occurring cancer worldwide with a poor clinical outcome. Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction have shown a recent increase in frequency, therefore there is need to increase our understanding of GOA in order to improve our ability to detect, monitor and treat the disease. Areas covered: The authors discuss the current classification of GOA in the context of recent changes in incidence. The authors also discuss developments in the understanding of disease biology and recent discoveries from whole genome and whole exome sequencing, and studies in immunotherapy. Finally, the authors discuss the recent developments in the use of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). PubMed search terms were in English including 'esophageal/gastric adenocarcinoma', 'gastroesophageal junctional tumour', 'whole genome/exome sequencing', 'immunotherapy' and 'circulating tumour DNA'. Expert commentary: Shared biological and genetic changes in GOA suggest it can be investigated as a single disease entity with different molecular subtypes. A number of genes are recurrently mutated including TP53, SMAD4, PIK3CA and there are frequent somatic copy number alterations and high levels of chromosomal instability. A subset of these genetic alterations have been detected in ctDNA and may provide an important avenue of research for detecting minimal residual disease and response to chemo- and immunotherapies.
Published: 2017

17. The Use of Transdermal Estrogen in Castrate-resistant, Steroid-refractory Prostate Cancer

Author: Myria Galazi, Constantine Alifrangis, Mark R. Openshaw, Peter M. Wilson, Shah J. Sarker, Jonathan Shamash, Justin Stebbing, Katherine Smith, and Neale O’Brien
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, 030232 urology & nephrology, Diethylstilbestrol, urologic and male genital diseases, Administration, Cutaneous, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Transdermal estrogen, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Castrate resistant, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Transdermal, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, biology, business.industry, Estrogens, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Quality of Life, Steroids, Steroid refractory, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Background Androgen-deprivation therapy is the mainstay of treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Corticosteroids and estrogens are also useful agents in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, oral estrogens are associated with thromboembolic events, which limits their use, and transdermal estrogens may offer a safer alternative. This study was carried out to determine the safety and effectiveness of transdermal estrogens in CRPC. Patients and Methods Forty-one patients with CRPC and steroid-resistant prostate cancer were eligible for this dose-escalation study of transdermal estradiol. A starting dose of 50 mcg/24 hours was applied and increased if prostate-specific antigen (PSA) rose > 5 ng/mL in steps to 300 mcg/24 hours. The primary endpoint was PSA response, and secondary outcomes included incidence of thromboembolic events and progression-free survival. Patients who progressed were offered diethylstilbestrol. Results Five (13%) of 40 patients had > 50% PSA reduction for at least 1 month at any transdermal estradiol dose. No venous-thromboembolic events were observed, and responses plateaued at 200 mcg/24 hours. A correlation between PSA response and rising sex hormone binding globulin was seen. Fifty percent of patients subsequently responded to low-dose diethylstilbestrol. Conclusion Transdermal estradiol appears to be a low toxicity treatment option to control CRPC after failure of steroid therapy. Modulation of sex hormone binding globulin by transdermal estradiol may be one mechanism of action of estrogens on CRPC. Oral estrogens remain effective after the use of transdermal estradiol.
Published: 2019

18. The Next Steps in Improving the Outcomes of Advanced Ovarian Cancer

Author: Sarah P. Blagden, Christina Fotopoulou, Mark R Openshaw, and Hani Gabra
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, BRCA, Disease, intraperitoneal chemotherapy, Global Health, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures, Internal medicine, debulking surgery, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, 1114 Paediatrics And Reproductive Medicine, medicine, Humans, TP53, Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine, PARP inhibitors, Neoadjuvant therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Ovarian Neoplasms, Chemotherapy, Disease Eradication, business.industry, Combination chemotherapy, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Debulking, platinum resistance, Combined Modality Therapy, Neoadjuvant Therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, ovarian cancer, 1117 Public Health And Health Services, Women's Health, Female, immunotherapy, business, Ovarian cancer, Progressive disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Abstract: Worldwide ovarian cancer affects over 200,000 women per year. Overall survival rates are poor due to two predominate reasons. First, the majority of patients present with advanced disease creating significant difficulty with effecting disease eradication. Second, acquisition of chemotherapy resistance results in untreatable progressive disease. Advances in treatment of advanced ovarian cancer involve a spectrum of interventions including improvements in frontline debulking surgery and combination chemotherapy. Anti-angiogenic factors have been shown to have activity in frontline and recurrent disease while novel chemotherapeutic agents and targeted treatments are in development particularly for disease that is resistant to platinum-based chemotherapy. These developments aim to improve the progression-free and overall survival of women with advanced ovarian cancer
Published: 2015

19. The MTV Experiment: from T-violation To Lorentz-violation

Author: C. D. P. Levy, Saki Tanaka, H. Baba, S. Ozaki, Y. Totsuka, R. Openshaw, Fumiya Goto, M. R. Pearson, R. Tanuma, K. Ninomiya, Y. Sakamoto, Hirokazu Kawamura, J. Onishi, Shimizu Hirofumi, E. Watanabe, Y. Nakaya, Masaaki Kitaguchi, S. Inaba, M. Yokohashi, J. Murata, Y. Tanaka, Y. Shimizu, H. Masuda, and John Behr
Subjects: Physics, Scattering, Lorentz transformation, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Electron, Lorentz covariance, Mott scattering, Tracking (particle physics), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, symbols, media_common
Abstract: The MTV (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation) experiment is running at TRIUMF-ISAC (Isotope Separator and ACcelerator), searching for a large T violation in polarized Li-8 beta decay via measurements of the triple vector correlation, R, in the beta decay rate function. The left/right backward scattering asymmetry of Mott scattering from a thin metal foil is measured using an electron tracking detector including a cylindrical drift chamber (CDC). To achieve 10-ppm precision in the Mott scattering asymmetry, we performed multiple studies on the expected systematic effects. The sources of the systematics have been identified and calibration systems have been developed to evaluate the fake effects. The first physics data was collected in 2016 and significantly improved on the result of our previous measurement, which achieved 100-ppm precision in 2010 using the first generation detector (planer drift chamber) at TRIUMF. The data measurement status, together with the results of the systematics studies, is described here. In addition to the T violation, we are preparing to test the Lorentz invariance in the weak sector via our Mott analyzer system. Unexplored Lorentz violating correlations can be tested using the MTV experimental setup. The testing principle and preparation status are also described here.
Published: 2017

20. First result from the MTV experiment at TRIUMF searching T-violation in nuclear beta decay

Author: M. Ikeda, R. Kishi, H. Baba, T. Kato, E. Seitaibashi, Y. Totsuka, R. Tanuma, Hironori Nishio, T. Iguri, C. D. P. Levy, Saki Tanaka, K. Watanabe, T. Toyoda, M. R. Pearson, J. Murata, K. Ninomiya, R. Openshaw, Hirokazu Kawamura, John Behr, J. Onishi, and Y. Nakaya
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Electron, Polarization (waves), Beta decay, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Nuclear Experiment, media_common
Abstract: The MTV experiment (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation Experiment) is running from 2009 at TRIUMF, which aims to search a large non-standard T-Violation in polarized nuclear beta decay. Existence of transverse polarization of electrons emitted from polarized 8Li nuclei, which are produced at TRIUMF-ISAC and stopped inside an aluminum stopper, is investigated. We utilize a Mott polarimeter consists of a planer drift chamber, measuring backward scattering left-right asymmetry from a thin lead analyzer foil. In this paper, preliminary results from the first physics run performed in 2010 are described.
Published: 2014

21. MTV-G experiment: Probing non-standard strong gravitational field at nuclear scale using geodetic precession

Author: Y. Totsuka, Hironori Nishio, Matthew Pearson, K. Ninomiya, R. Openshaw, Saki Tanaka, Y. Nakaya, J. Onishi, and J. Murata
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Classical mechanics, Gravitational field, Scale (ratio), Scattering, Quantum electrodynamics, Precession, Large extra dimension, Electron, Spin (physics), Geodetic effect
Abstract: A new experiment named MTV-G, probing a large electron spin-precession due to a possible strong gravitational field, which predicted by large extra dimension model, is started at TRIUMF from 2011. In an electron-nuclear scattering experiment, a strong gravitational field is tested as a large spin precession effect caused by geodetic precession predicted by general relativity theory as a result of a warped space-time around nuclei. Experimental design using spin polarized electron source and Mott-spin analyzer, commissioning experiment and the preliminary results are described.
Published: 2014

22. Abstract 2281: The role of baseline and early dynamics of ctDNA in predicting response and prognosis of early and advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas

Author: Mark R Openshaw, Barbara Ottolini, Anne L. Thomas, Ali Abdulnabi Mohamed, Jacqui Shaw, Cathy J. Richards, Daniel Fernandez Garcia, and David S. Guttery
Subjects: Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Group B, Log-rank test, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Internal medicine, medicine, Digital polymerase chain reaction, Progression-free survival, business
Abstract: Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a valuable less-invasive adjunct to tissue biopsy for real time monitoring and personalization of cancer treatment. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of baseline ctDNA in both early and advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) and establish whether dynamic changes in ctDNA provides useful response and prognosis information. Patients and Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue DNA and serial plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were obtained from 36 patients (23 early stage (63.9%), 13 advanced stage (36.1%)) undergoing treatment for GEA. Tumor DNA was analyzed by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) (custom ampliseq six gene panel) and Nanostring™ nCounter® technology (87 gene panel). In each patient, selected mutations and gene amplifications were profiled in serial cfDNA samples using a combination of NGS, droplet digital PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. Results: Mutations and/or gene amplifications were identified in tumor DNA of 33/36 patients (91.7%). Patient specific profiling detected ctDNA in 19/33 patients (57.6%) at baseline: 9/22 with early stage disease (40.9%) and 10/11 with advanced stage disease (90.9%). Objective Response Rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1 criteria was 71.4% (10/14) for patients who were ctDNA negative at baseline (group A) and 52.9% (9/17) for patients with detectable ctDNA at baseline (group B). Multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for stage of disease and patient performance status, showed presence of ctDNA at baseline was associated with both reduced progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR) of 6.2 (95% CI 1.9-19.8, P = 0.002) and 7.3 (CI 1.9-28.2, P = 0.004), respectively]. The median PFS was 34.7 months and 12.1 months and median OS was not reached and 14.5 months for group A and B, respectively (Mantel-Cox Log Rank P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively). ctDNA was detected before relapse in 3/22 (13.6%) early stage patients and before progression in 5/11 (45.5%) advanced stage patients, with an overall median lead-time of 6.3 weeks before radiological evidence of relapse or progression. Conclusion: This pilot study suggests that presence of ctDNA at baseline and recurrence during treatment are poor prognostic biomarkers both in early and advanced GEA. Citation Format: Ali Abdulnabi Mohamed, Mark R. Openshaw, Barbara Ottolini, David Guttery, Daniel Fernandez Garcia, Cathy J. Richards, Jacqui A. Shaw, Anne L. Thomas. The role of baseline and early dynamics of ctDNA in predicting response and prognosis of early and advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2281.
Published: 2019

23. The MTV experiment: a test of time reversal symmetry using polarized 8Li

Author: E. Seitaibashi, Yoshikazu Hirayama, N. Ogawa, M. R. Pearson, T. Toyoda, T. Kato, K. Ninomiya, M. Ikeda, C. D. P. Levy, Saki Tanaka, R. Kishi, H. Baba, J. Onishi, Y. Nakaya, John Behr, Hirokazu Kawamura, J. Murata, R. Openshaw, Y. Totsuka, R. Tanuma, and T. Iguri
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scattering, Polarimetry, Electron, Mott scattering, Condensed Matter Physics, Polarization (waves), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Triple correlation, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, T-symmetry, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Abstract: The MTV (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation Experiment) experiment at TRIUMF-ISAC (Isotope Separator and ACcelerator), which aims to achieve the highest precision test of time reversal symmetry in polarized nuclear beta decay by measuring a triple correlation (R-correlation), is motivated by the search for a new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this experiment, the existence of non-zero transverse electron polarization is examined utilizing the analyzing power of Mott scattering from a thin metal foil. Backward scattering electron tracks are measured using a multi-wire drift chamber for the first time. The MTV experiment was commissioned at ISAC in 2009 using an 80%polarized 8Li beam at 107 pps, resulting in 0.1%statistical precision on the R-parameter in the first physics run performed in 2010. Next generation cylindrical drift chamber (CDC) is now being installed for the future run.
Published: 2013

24. Developing the liquid biopsy in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: Disease monitoring and detection of minimal residual disease

Author: B. Ottolini, Anne Thomas, Jacqui Shaw, David S. Guttery, Mark R Openshaw, and Cathy J. Richards
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma, Oncology, business.industry, medicine, Hematology, Radiology, Disease monitoring, Liquid biopsy, business, Minimal residual disease
Published: 2018

25. Whole-exome cfDNA profiling captures the mutational signatures of metastatic breast cancer for monitoring disease evolution

Author: M. Vazquez, Bradley J. Toghill, Sharif Uddin Ahmed, R.A. Toledo, Robert K. Hastings, Anne Thomas, Karen Page, David S. Guttery, Jacqui Shaw, Daniel Fernandez-Garcia, and Mark R Openshaw
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Disease evolution, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Profiling (information science), Hematology, medicine.disease, business, Metastatic breast cancer, Exome
Published: 2018

26. The MTV experiment: searching for T-violation in polarized Li-8 at TRIUMF

Author: M. R. Pearson, Fumiya Goto, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Nakaya, Y. Totsuka, John Behr, J. Onishi, S. Inaba, E. Watanabe, Hirokazu Kawamura, Hirohiko M. Shimizu, R. Openshaw, J. Murata, Y. Tanaka, H. Baba, R. Tanuma, C. D. P. Levy, Saki Tanaka, H. Masuda, Y. Shimizu, M. Yokohashi, K. Ninomiya, and Masaaki Kitaguchi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Mott scattering, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Measure (mathematics), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, 0103 physical sciences, Thin metal, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, media_common
Abstract: The MTV experiment (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation Experiment) is running at TRIUMF, to search for a large T-violating transverse electron-polarization in polarized 8Li β-decay. We aim at reaching precision of 10−4 for the R-correlation, which is defined as a T-violating triple vector correlation in the β-decay rate function. A Mott polarimeter system using a CDC (Cylindrical Drift Chamber) is used to measure the left-right scattering asymmetry in the Mott scattering from a thin metal foil. In the present study, we aim to discuss systematic effects in Mott polarimetry using the CDC.
Published: 2016

27. Status of TACTIC: A detector for nuclear astrophysics

Author: G. Sheffer, Götz Ruprecht, T. Kirchner, P. Mumby-Croft, S. P. Fox, B. R. Fulton, Alison Laird, R. Openshaw, M. M. Pavan, P.L. Walden, L. Buchmann, D. Gigliotti, P. Amaudruz, and J. Pearson
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Interaction point, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Tracking (particle physics), Charged particle, Anode, Nuclear physics, Optics, Gas electron multiplier, Nuclear astrophysics, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: A new detector for nuclear astrophysics studies is being designed and built by TRIUMF and the University of York. The TRIUMF Annular Chamber for Tracking and Identification of Charged particles (TACTIC) is designed to detect low-energy charged particles from inverse kinematics reaction studies performed at the relevant astrophysical energies. TACTIC is a cylindrical ionisation/time-projection chamber with segmented anode strips, which allow the dE/dx of the particle to be determined along with the total energy. Information from drift times allows the particle trajectory to be reconstructed. This in turn identifies the interaction point along the beam axis and hence the centre of mass energy of the reaction. To amplify the expected weak signals, a gas electron multiplier (GEM) will be used in place of the usual Frisch grid. Full digital readout of the charge and timing of each anode strip will be achieved with flash ADC cards allowing pulse shape analysis of the signals.
Published: 2007

28. Status of the TRIUMF annular chamber for the tracking and identification of charged particles (TACTIC)

Author: P. Mumby-Croft, L. Buchmann, B. R. Fulton, T. Kirchner, M. M. Pavan, S. P. Fox, Alison Laird, R. Openshaw, G. Sheffer, Götz Ruprecht, D. Gigliotti, P.L. Walden, J. Pearson, and P. Amaudruz
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time projection chamber, Nuclear Theory, Ionization chamber, Nuclear astrophysics, Nuclear fusion, Electron, Nuclear Experiment, Tracking (particle physics), Charged particle
Abstract: TACTIC (TACTIC web site: http://tactic.triumf.ca) is a new detector for low-energy nuclear reactions currently under development at TRIUMF. The cylindrical ionization chamber allows three-dimensional reconstruction of particle tracks by means of a two-dimensional anode array combined with a TOF measurement of the drift electrons. In addition, the integrated charge for each pulse provides information about the energy loss of the particle and therefore allows a better identification of the nuclear species producing the track. The geometry of TACTIC covers a large angular range permitting the measurement of differential cross-sections over a large solid angle. It will be ideal for investigations of nuclear processes pertinent to the field of nuclear astrophysics.
Published: 2006

29. Study of a self quenching streamer mode in pure gases of DME and isobutane

Author: R. Openshaw and Yu. I. Davydov
Subjects: Quenching, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Analytical chemistry, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Alpha particle, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, chemistry, Isobutane, Dimethyl ether, Irradiation, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: A self quenching streamer (SQS), or limited streamer mode has been studied in single wire chambers with cross-sections 12 × 12 mm 2 and wire diameters 15, 25 and 50 μ m . Chambers were filled with either pure dimethyl ether (DME) or isobutane gases and irradiated with 148 Gd alpha and 55 Fe X-ray sources. Clear transitions from a proportional to 100% SQS mode were observed on all three diameter wires with both gases irradiated with alpha particles. Double SQS discharges due to inclined tracks observed in DME gas allowed an estimation of a streamer size along the wire of less than 1 mm. The second SQS discharge appears less than 1 mm from the first within about 500 ns. Charge spectra obtained with DME irradiated with 55 Fe X-rays might also be interpreted as a transition to a SQS mode, although no direct evidence of that was seen in the observed pulse shapes.
Published: 2006

30. Effects of materials on aging rates in wire chambers operated with DME

Author: R. Henderson and R. Openshaw
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Silicone, chemistry, Measuring instrument, Organic Silicon Compounds, Polymer, Composite material, Instrumentation, Particle detector
Abstract: The effects of various materials on aging rates of wire chambers filled with dimethylether gas were investigated. Silicone compounds and urethane polymers were observed to dramatically increase aging damage in test chambers. All other materials tested did not appear to significantly affect the measured damage rates.
Published: 2003

31. Erratum to: 'Nuclear effects on R=σ/σ in deep-inelastic scattering'

Author: H. Avakian, Alan M. Nathan, F.H. Heinsius, E. R. Kinney, A. Avetisian, A. Jgoun, K. Ackerstaff, Klaus Rith, M. Henoch, P. Geiger, E. E. W. Bruins, C. Grosshauser, R. A. Ristinen, J. M. Niczyporuk, N. Meyners, A. Airapetian, Y. Naryshkin, A. Brull, Brons, A. Reali, P. Lenisa, A. Izotov, A. Gute, J. Seibert, T. Shin, V. Vikhrov, J.-O. Hansen, Manuella Vincter, V. A. Kozlov, H. Kolster, Igor Akushevich, A. Borissov, F. Garibaldi, J. van Hunen, B. W. Filippone, A.O. Mateos, S. Yoneyama, L. G. Greeniaus, Haiyan Gao, W. Lachnit, G. S. Kyle, Michael Tytgat, R. Mussa, B. D. Fox, Wolfgang Lorenzon, W.-D. Nowak, M. Kurisuno, M. Guidal, R. C. W. Henderson, S. Brauksiepe, Yasuhiro Sakemi, J. Blouw, M. Sutter, B. Tipton, M. Amarian, R. Openshaw, R. J. Holt, J.E. Belz, E. De Sanctis, E. C. Aschenauer, V. A. Korotkov, Hans von der Schmitt, V. Shutov, B. Bains, M. Ferstl, S. Taroian, G. P. Capitani, A. Kisselev, M. Kolstein, P. Rossi, G. van der Steenhoven, F. Masoli, J. Visser, M. Ruh, S. Belostotski, A. Golendukhin, Y. Gärber, S. Frullani, Jinsong Ouyang, C. Simani, Naomi C R Makins, Y. Holler, M. Nupieri, W. Hoprich, H. Tallini, F. Neunreither, U. Stoesslein, H. Fischer, M. Hartig, L. H. Kramer, Hiroaki Kobayashi, A. Fechtchenko, K. Fiedler, J. W. Martin, J. Wendland, D. Hasch, V. Gyurjian, E. Cisbani, O. Grebeniouk, E. Volk, Ralf Hertenberger, B. Bray, T. A. Shibata, K. Shibatani, K. Königsmann, Wolfgang Korsch, R.O. Avakian, P. F. Dalpiaz, H. Ihssen, T. Wise, S. Bernreuther, F. Meissner, K. Woller, F. Schmidt, O. Häusser, A. Schwind, M. Spengos, R. P. Redwine, M. Beckmann, J. F. J. van den Brand, I.A. Savin, D. De Schepper, A. Dvoredsky, J. P. Haas, P.W. Green, Miller, E. Devitsin, P. Kitching, H. E. Jackson, P.K.A. de Witt Huberts, Michael Pitt, R. D. McKeown, V. G. Krivokhijine, G.R. Court, G. Elbakian, Andreas Schäfer, W. Brückner, M. McAndrew, C. Baumgarten, Ralf Kaiser, B. R. Owen, Ross Milner, F. K. Martens, C. Scarlett, E. Steffens, G. Gavrilov, Valeria Muccifora, A. Nagaitsev, Alessandra Fantoni, Michael Düren, P. Chumney, G. Graw, Michel Vetterli, A. Simon, M. Bouwhuis, H. Böttcher, S. F. Pate, H. J. Bulten, J. Stewart, N. Akopov, W. Wander, K. Sinram, V. Gharibyan, Mauro Iodice, V. Papavassiliou, R. Van de Vyver, G. M. Urciuoli, C. A. Miller, J. Ely, J. Franz, E. Thomas, G. Schnell, N. Koch, S. Potashov, S. E. Williamson, H. Zohrabian, P. Carter, M. Kirsch, Adel Terkulov, Dirk Ryckbosch, David H. Potterveld, P. Di Nezza, Th. Benisch, B. Braun, Thomas O'Neill, F. Menden, K. P. Schüler, S. Rudnitsky, A. Metz, Nicola Bianchi, O. Mikloukho, A. R. Reolon, Kevin L. McIlhany, G. Rakness, P. Slavich, Jeffrey Brack, J. Stenger, and W. Haeberli
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cross section.transverse, Deuterium, Bibliography, Deep inelastic scattering
Published: 2003

32. A search for two body muon decay signals

Author: J. Hu, R. E. Mischke, E. L. Mathie, M. D. Hasinoff, R. S. Henderson, R. Tacik, D. D. Koetke, R. Poutissou, R. E. Tribble, V. Selivanov, B. Shin, J. F. Bueno, G. Sheffer, K. Olchanski, A. Hillairet, R. Bayes, D. R. Gill, R. P. MacDonald, T. D. S. Stanislaus, R. Openshaw, C. A. Gagliardi, Glenn M. Marshall, J. M. Poutissou, A. Gaponenko, W. Faszer, M. C. Fujiwara, P. Gumplinger, Yu. I. Davydov, A. Olin, A. Grossheim, and P. Depommier
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, media_common.quotation_subject, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Parity (physics), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Massless particle, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Twist, 010306 general physics, Boson, Lepton, media_common
Abstract: Lepton family number violation is tested by searching for $\mu^+\to e^+X^0$ decays among the 5.8$\times 10^8$ positive muon decay events analyzed by the TWIST collaboration. Limits are set on the production of both massless and massive $X^0$ bosons. The large angular acceptance of this experiment allows limits to be placed on anisotropic $\mu^+\to e^+X^0$ decays, which can arise from interactions violating both lepton flavor and parity conservation. Branching ratio limits of order $10^{-5}$ are obtained for bosons with masses of 13 - 80 MeV/c$^2$ and with different decay asymmetries. For bosons with masses less than 13 MeV/c$^{2}$ the asymmetry dependence is much stronger and the 90% limit on the branching ratio varies up to $5.8 \times 10^{-5}$. This is the first study that explicitly evaluates the limits for anisotropic two body muon decays., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted by PRD
Published: 2014

33. MTV/MTV-G Experiment at TRIUMF Search of T-Violation and Gravity Signal at Nuclear Scale

Author: K. Ninomiya, Y. Nakaya, J. Onishi, Phil Levy, John A. Behr, Hidetada Baba, R. Tanuma, Mathew Pearson, Reiya Narikawa, Saki Tanaka, J. Murata, Hirokazu Kawamura, Shuntaro Saiba, Y. Totsuka, T. Iguri, and R. Openshaw
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Gravitation, Thomas precession, Gravitational field, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Electron, Polarization (waves), Geodetic effect
Abstract: The MTV-G (MTV-Gravity) experiment is aiming to detect a strong gravitational field at around nuclear scale, utilizing an electron polarimeter of the MTV (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation) experiment [1], which is searching a large T-Violating electron transverse polarization emitted in polarized Li-8 beta decay. The MTV experiment is running at TRIUMF-ISAC since 2009, yielding the highest precision test of T-Violation. The extreme sensitivity of the MTV polarimeter gives us an opportunity to perform a new type of gravity experiment. A modification of gravitational inverse square law at a microscopic scale is predicted by a large extra-dimension model in order to explain the hierarchy problem. The strong gravitational field can be detected as a large spin precession of electrons scattered from nuclei, caused by the “Geodetic precession” as a result of a warped space-time around the nuclear mass. In this experiment, longitudinal polarization of electrons emitted from a 90 Sr source is transferred into a transverse polarization via electromagnetic Thomas precession and possibly via the Geodetic precession.
Published: 2014

34. Report of the Next Generation TRIUMF-MTV Experiment Run-IV Using Cylindrical Drift Chamber

Author: J. Onishi, Shuntaro Saiba, M. Ikeda, M. R. Pearson, J. Murata, Hirokazu Kawamura, Y. Totsuka, R. Tanuma, Reiya Narikawa, Saki Tanaka, E. Seitaibashi, John Behr, T. Iguri, H. Baba, K. Ninomiya, P. Levy, Y. Nakaya, and R. Openshaw
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Spectrum analyzer, Transverse plane, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Electron, Nuclear Experiment, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, media_common
Abstract: th , 2013) The MTV (Mott polarimetry for T-Violation) experiment is running from 2009 at TRIUMF, which aims to search a large non-standard T-Violation in polarized nuclear beta decay. Existence of a large transverse polarization of electrons emitted from polarized Li-8 nuclei, which are produced at TRIUMF-ISAC and stopped inside an aluminum stopper, is investigated. We utilize a Mott polarimeter consists of a CDC (Cylindrical Drift Chamber), measuring backward scattering left-right asymmetry from a thin lead analyzer foil. In this paper, results from the final performance test run using CDC performed in 2012 are described.
Published: 2014

35. Search of non-standard strong gravity at nuclear scale using electron spin geodetic precession

Author: Matthew Pearson, Saki Tanaka, R. Tanuma, Reiya Narikawa, Y. Totsuka, J. Onishi, J. Murata, R. Openshaw, Y. Nakaya, K. Ninomiya, and Shuntaro Saiba
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Gravitation, Physics, Gravitational field, Strong gravity, QC1-999, Electron, Polarization (waves), Yukawa interaction, Geodetic effect, Exotic atom
Abstract: The MTV-G project was started in 2011 to explore a strong gravitational field at a nuclear scale in an electron double scattering experiment, utilizing an experimental technique of the MTV experiment, which searches a electron’s T-Violating transverse polarization in nuclear beta decay at TRIUMF-ISAC. In addition to this new experiment, we have also performed a re-analysis of spectroscopic data of exotic atoms, in a gravitational point of view. From these two studies, we set new constraints on possible new Yukawa interaction at sub-mm scale, as a test of gravitational inverse square law.
Published: 2014

36. T-Violation experiment at TRIUMF-ISAC using polarized 8Li

Author: Y. Nakaya, Hirokazu Kawamura, R. Openshaw, M. Ikeda, R. Kishi, John Behr, Shuntaro Saiba, M. R. Pearson, K. Ninomiya, R. Tanuma, Reiya Narikawa, J. Onishi, H. Baba, J. Murata, E. Seitaibashi, C. D. P. Levy, Y. Totsuka, T. Iguri, Saki Tanaka, and T. Toyoda
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Physics beyond the Standard Model, QC1-999, Polarimetry, Astrophysics, Triple correlation, Symmetry (physics)
Abstract: Motivated by a search for a new physics beyond the standard model, the MTV experiment (Mott Polarimetry for T-Violation Experiment) is intended to achieve the highest precision test of time-reversal symmetry in polarized nuclear beta decay by measuring a triple correlation (the R -correlation). The first physics run of the MTV experiment was performed in 2010 at TRIUMF-ISAC. This paper gives preliminary results and describes the next generation setup, which involves a cylindrical drift chamber.
Published: 2014

37. TWIST- The TRIUMF weak interaction symmetry test the Michel parameters from μ+ decay

Author: R. Manweiler, Yu. I. Davydov, P. Gumplinger, A. Khruchinsky, R. L. Helmer, R. MacDonald, R. Poutissou, J. M. Poutissou, J. Doornbos, A. Gaponenko, T. D. S. Stanislaus, M. A. Quraan, G. Price, P. M. Nord, F. Sobratee, M. A. Vasiliev, W. Faszer, J.C. Hardy, A. Olin, D.F. Ottewell, V. Selivanov, G. M. Stinson, J. Soukup, D. R. Gill, T. A. Porcelli, J. R. Musser, S. C. Wang, P. Kitching, N. L. Rodning, B. Shin, H. C. Walter, D.H. Wright, J. A. Macdonald, P.W. Green, T. Mathie, V. Torokhov, P. Depommier, D. D. Koetke, J. Schaapman, M. D. Hasinoff, D. Maas, C. A. Gagliardi, Glenn M. Marshall, R. Openshaw, E. Korkmaz, R. Henderson, W. Andersson, R. E. Tribble, G. Sheffer, and R. Tacik
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Electroweak interaction, Superconducting magnet, Weak interaction, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Beamline, Michel parameters, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: We propose to make the first high precision measurements of nearly the entire differential spectrum (in energy and angle) of positrons from the decay of polarized muons. The main goal of the experiment is the precise testing of the ( V - A ) structure of electroweak interactions in the framework of the SU (2) L × U (1) model. Highly polarized “surface” μ + from the TRIUMF M13 beamline will enter a large volume, high field superconducting magnet on axis and will stop in a thin target at its center. The e + from the muon decay will be precisely tracked in the magnetic field using small-cell planar drift chambers. This spectrometer has been simulated with GEANT and EGS4 and has been demonstrated to meet the precision requirements.
Published: 2001

38. Measurement of the Spin Asymmetry in the Photoproduction of Pairs of High-pTHadrons at HERMES

Author: A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, M. Amarian, E. C. Aschenauer, H. Avakian, R. Avakian, A. Avetissian, B. Bains, C. Baumgarten, M. Beckmann, S. Belostotski, J. E. Belz, Th. Benisch, S. Bernreuther, N. Bianchi, J. Blouw, H. Böttcher, A. Borissov, J. Brack, S. Brauksiepe, B. Braun, W. Brückner, A. Brüll, H. J. Bulten, G. P. Capitani, P. Carter, P. Chumney, E. Cisbani, G. R. Court, P. F. Dalpiaz, E. De Sanctis, D. De Schepper, E. Devitsin, P. K. A. de Witt Huberts, P. Di Nezza, M. Düren, A. Dvoredsky, G. Elbakian, J. Ely, A. Fantoni, M. Ferstl, K. Fiedler, B. W. Filippone, H. Fischer, B. Fox, J. Franz, S. Frullani, M.-A. Funk, Y. Gärber, F. Garibaldi, G. Gavrilov, P. Geiger, V. Gharibyan, A. Golendukhin, G. Graw, O. Grebeniouk, P. W. Green, L. G. Greeniaus, C. Grosshauser, M. Guidal, A. Gute, W. Haeberli, J.-O. Hansen, D. Hasch, O. Häusser, F. H. Heinsius, R. Henderson, M. Henoch, R. Hertenberger, Y. Holler, R. J. Holt, W. Hoprich, H. Ihssen, M. Iodice, A. Izotov, H. E. Jackson, A. Jgoun, R. Kaiser, E. Kinney, A. Kisselev, P. Kitching, H. Kobayashi, N. Koch, K. Königsmann, M. Kolstein, H. Kolster, V. Korotkov, W. Korsch, V. Kozlov, L. H. Kramer, M. Kurisuno, G. Kyle, W. Lachnit, W. Lorenzon, N. C. R. Makins, F. K. Martens, J. W. Martin, F. Masoli, A. Mateos, M. McAndrew, K. McIlhany, R. D. McKeown, F. Meissner, F. M. Menden, A. Metz, N. Meyners, O. Mikloukho, C. A. Miller, M. A. Miller, R. Milner, A. Most, V. Muccifora, Y. Naryshkin, A. M. Nathan, F. Neunreither, M. Niczyporuk, W.-D. Nowak, T. G. O'Neill, R. Openshaw, J. Ouyang, B. R. Owen, S. F. Pate, S. Potashov, D. H. Potterveld, G. Rakness, R. Redwine, A. R. Reolon, R. Ristinen, K. Rith, P. Rossi, S. Rudnitsky, M. Ruh, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Sakemi, C. Scarlett, A. Schäfer, F. Schmidt, H. Schmitt, G. Schnell, K. P. Schüler, A. Schwind, J. Seibert, T.-A. Shibata, K. Shibatani, T Shin, V. Shutov, C. Simani, A. Simon, K. Sinram, P. Slavich, M. Spengos, E. Steffens, J. Stenger, J. Stewart, U. Stoesslein, M. Sutter, H. Tallini, S. Taroian, A. Terkulov, B. Tipton, M. Tytgat, G. M. Uriuoli, R. van de Vyver, J. F. J. van den Brand, G. van der Steenhoven, J. J. van Hunen, M. C. Vetterli, V. Vikhrov, M. G. Vincter, J. Visser, E. Volk, W. Wander, J. Wendland, S. E. Williamson, T. Wise, K. Woller, S. Yoneyama, and H. Zohrabian
Subjects: HERMES experiment, Physics, Particle physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, HERA, Polarization (waves), Deep inelastic scattering, Asymmetry, Gluon, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Storage ring, media_common
Abstract: We present a measurement of the longitudinal spin asymmetry A|| in photoproduction of pairs of hadrons with high transverse momentum pT. Data were accumulated by the HERMES experiment using a 27.5 GeV polarized positron beam and a polarized hydrogen target internal to the HERA storage ring. For h^+h^- pairs with _(pT)^(h1)>1.5GeV/c and _(pT)^(h2)>1.0GeV/c, the measured asymmetry is A_(||) = -0.28±0.12(stat)±0.02(syst). This negative value is in contrast to the positive asymmetries typically measured in deep inelastic scattering from protons, and is interpreted to arise from a positive gluon polarization.
Published: 2000

39. Nuclear effects on R=σL/σT in deep-inelastic scattering

Author: K Ackerstaff, A Airapetian, N Akopov, I Akushevich, M Amarian, E.C Aschenauer, H Avakian, R Avakian, A Avetissian, B Bains, C Baumgarten, M Beckmann, S Belostotski, J.E Belz, Th Benisch, S Bernreuther, N Bianchi, J Blouw, H Böttcher, A Borissov, M Bouwhuis, J Brack, S Brauksiepe, B Braun, B Bray, St Brons, W Brückner, A Brüll, E.E.W Bruins, H.J Bulten, G.P Capitani, P Carter, P Chumney, E Cisbani, G.R Court, P.F Dalpiaz, E De Sanctis, D De Schepper, E Devitsin, P.K.A de Witt Huberts, P Di Nezza, M Düren, A Dvoredsky, G Elbakian, J Ely, A Fantoni, A Fechtchenko, M Ferstl, K Fiedler, B.W Filippone, H Fischer, B Fox, J Franz, S Frullani, M.-A Funk, Y Gärber, H Gao, F Garibaldi, G Gavrilov, P Geiger, V Gharibyan, A Golendukhin, G Graw, O Grebeniouk, P.W Green, L.G Greeniaus, C Grosshauser, M Guidal, A Gute, V Gyurjyan, J.P Haas, W Haeberli, J.-O Hansen, M Hartig, D Hasch, O Häusser, F.H Heinsius, R Henderson, M Henoch, R Hertenberger, Y Holler, R.J Holt, W Hoprich, H Ihssen, M Iodice, A Izotov, H.E Jackson, A Jgoun, R Kaiser, E Kinney, M Kirsch, A Kisselev, P Kitching, H Kobayashi, N Koch, K Königsmann, M Kolstein, H Kolster, V Korotkov, W Korsch, V Kozlov, L.H Kramer, V.G Krivokhijine, M Kurisuno, G Kyle, W Lachnit, P Lenisa, W Lorenzon, N.C.R Makins, F.K Martens, J.W Martin, F Masoli, A Mateos, M McAndrew, K McIlhany, R.D McKeown, F Meissner, F Menden, A Metz, N Meyners, O Mikloukho, C.A Miller, M.A Miller, R Milner, A Most, V Muccifora, R Mussa, A Nagaitsev, Yu Naryshkin, A.M Nathan, F Neunreither, J.M Niczyporuk, W.-D Nowak, M Nupieri, T.G O'Neill, R Openshaw, J Ouyang, B.R Owen, V Papavassiliou, S.F Pate, M Pitt, S Potashov, D.H Potterveld, G Rakness, A Reali, R Redwine, A.R Reolon, R Ristinen, K Rith, P Rossi, S Rudnitsky, M Ruh, D Ryckbosch, Y Sakemi, I Savin, C Scarlett, A Schäfer, F Schmidt, H Schmitt, G Schnell, K.P Schüler, A Schwind, J Seibert, T.-A Shibata, K Shibatani, T Shin, V Shutov, C Simani, A Simon, K Sinram, P Slavich, M Spengos, E Steffens, J Stenger, J Stewart, U Stoesslein, M Sutter, H Tallini, S Taroian, A Terkulov, E Thomas, B Tipton, M Tytgat, G.M Urciuoli, J.F.J van den Brand, G van der Steenhoven, R van de Vyver, J.J van Hunen, M.C Vetterli, V Vikhrov, M.G Vincter, J Visser, E Volk, W Wander, J Wendland, S.E Williamson, T Wise, K Woller, S Yoneyama, and H Zohrabian
Subjects: Physics, HERMES experiment, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Sigma, DESY, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Cross section (physics), 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Scaling
Abstract: Cross section ratios for deep-inelastic scattering from 14N and 3He with respect to 2H have been measured by the HERMES experiment at DESY using a 27.5 GeV positron beam. The data cover a range in the Bjorken scaling variable x between 0.013 and 0.65, while the negative squared four-momentum transfer Q^2 varies from 0.5 to 15 GeV^2. The data are compared to measurements performed by NMC, E665, and SLAC on 4He and 12C, and are found to be different for x < 0.06 and Q^2 < 1.5 GeV^2. The observed difference is attributed to an A-dependence of the ratio R = sigma_L / sigma_T of longitudinal to transverse deep-inelastic scattering cross sections at low x and low Q^2.
Published: 2000

40. A precision measurement of muon decay

Author: P. Depommier, M. A. Quraan, L. Piilonen, R. Poutissou, J.M. Poutissou, P. Amaudruz, R. Openshaw, G. M. Stinson, V. Selivanov, P. Kitching, M. Comyn, P. Gumplinger, D. Ottewell, R. E. Tribble, M. D. Hasinoff, T. Mathie, R. Tacik, T. D. S. Stanislaus, E. Korkmaz, Y. Lachin, G. Sheffer, P. M. Nord, R. Helmer, M. A. Vasiliev, J. Schaapman, F. Sobratee, T. A. Porcelli, A. Khruchinsky, V. D. Torokhov, D. R. Gill, Y.M. Shin, P.W. Green, J. Soukup, J. Doornbos, J.C. Hardy, R. Manweiler, H. K. Walter, Yu. I. Davydov, J. R. Musser, D. Wright, D. D. Koetke, W. Faszer, J. A. MacDonald, N. L. Rodning, A. Olin, C. A. Gagliardi, R. Henderson, D. Mass, and W. Andersson
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon
Published: 2000

41. Observation of a Coherence Length Effect in Exclusiveρ0Electroproduction

Author: K. Ackerstaff, A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, I. Akushevich, M. Amarian, E. C. Aschenauer, H. Avakian, R. Avakian, A. Avetissian, B. Bains, S. Barrow, C. Baumgarten, M. Beckmann, St. Belostotski, J. E. Belz, Th. Benisch, S. Bernreuther, N. Bianchi, S. Blanchard, J. Blouw, H. Böttcher, A. Borissov, J. Brack, S. Brauksiepe, B. Braun, B. Bray, St. Brons, W. Brückner, A. Brüll, E. E. W. Bruins, H. J. Bulten, R. V. Cadman, G. P. Capitani, P. Carter, P. Chumney, E. Cisbani, G. R. Court, P. F. Dalpiaz, P. P. J. Delheij, E. De Sanctis, D. De Schepper, E. Devitsin, P. K. A. de Witt Huberts, P. Di Nezza, M. Düren, A. Dvoredsky, G. Elbakian, J. Ely, J. Emerson, A. Fantoni, A. Fechtchenko, M. Ferstl, D. Fick, K. Fiedler, B. W. Filippone, H. Fischer, H. T. Fortune, B. Fox, S. Frabetti, J. Franz, S. Frullani, M.-A. Funk, N. D. Gagunashvili, P. Galumian, H. Gao, Y. Gärber, F. Garibaldi, G. Gavrilov, P. Geiger, V. Gharibyan, V. Giordjian, A. Golendukhin, G. Graw, O. Grebeniouk, P. W. Green, L. G. Greeniaus, C. Grosshauser, M. G. Guidal, A. Gute, V. Gyurjyan, J. P. Haas, W. Haeberli, J.-O. Hansen, D. Hasch, O. Häusser, F. H. Heinsius, R. S. Henderson, Th. Henkes, M. Henoch, R. Hertenberger, Y. Holler, R. J. Holt, W. Hoprich, H. Ihssen, M. Iodice, A. Izotov, H. E. Jackson, A. Jgoun, C. Jones, R. Kaiser, E. Kinney, M. Kirsch, A. Kisselev, P. Kitching, H. Kobayashi, N. Koch, K. Königsmann, M. Kolstein, H. Kolster, V. Korotkov, W. Korsch, V. Kozlov, L. H. Kramer, B. Krause, V. G. Krivokhijine, M. Kückes, F. Kümmell, G. Kyle, W. Lachnit, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N. C. R. Makins, F. K. Martens, J. W. Martin, F. Masoli, A. Mateos, M. McAndrew, K. McIlhany, R. D. McKeown, F. Meissner, F. Menden, D. Mercer, A. Metz, N. Meyners, O. Mikloukho, C. A. Miller, M. A. Miller, R. G. Milner, V. Mitsyn, A. Most, R. Mozzetti, V. Muccifora, A. Nagaitsev, Y. Naryshkin, A. M. Nathan, F. Neunreither, M. Niczyporuk, W.-D. Nowak, M. Nupieri, P. Oelwein, H. Ogami, T. G. O'Neill, R. Openshaw, J. Ouyang, B. R. Owen, V. Papavassiliou, S. F. Pate, M. Pitt, H. R. Poolman, S. Potashov, D. H. Potterveld, B. Povh, G. Rakness, A. Reali, R. Redwine, A. R. Reolon, R. Ristinen, K. Rith, H. Roloff, G. Röper, P. Rossi, S. Rudnitsky, M. Ruh, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Sakemi, I. Savin, C. Scarlett, F. Schmidt, H. Schmitt, G. Schnell, K. P. Schüler, A. Schwind, J. Seibert, T.-A. Shibata, T. Shin, V. Shutov, C. Simani, A. Simon, K. Sinram, P. Slavich, J. Sowinski, M. Spengos, E. Steffens, J. Stenger, J. Stewart, F. Stock, U. Stoesslein, M. Sutter, H. Tallini, S. Taroian, A. Terkulov, D. M. Thiessen, E. Thomas, B. Tipton, A. Trudel, M. Tytgat, G. M. Urciuoli, J. J. van Hunen, R. van de Vyver, J. F. J. van den Brand, G. van der Steenhoven, M. C. Vetterli, V. Vikhrov, M. Vincter, J. Visser, E. Volk, W. Wander, T. P. Welch, S. E. Williamson, T. Wise, T. Wölfel, K. Woller, S. Yoneyama, K. Zapfe-Düren, H. Zohrabian, and R. Zurmühle
Subjects: Physics, HERMES experiment, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Virtual particle, 01 natural sciences, Coherence length, Positron energy, Nuclear physics, Deuterium, Nuclear transparency, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: Exclusive incoherent electroproduction of the ρ0(770) meson from 1H, 2H, 3He, and 14N targets has been studied by the HERMES experiment at squared four-momentum transfer Q^2>0.4 GeV^2 and positron energy loss ν from 9 to 20 GeV. The ratio of the 14N to 1H cross sections per nucleon, known as the nuclear transparency, was found to decrease with increasing coherence length of quark-antiquark fluctuations of the virtual photon. The data provide clear evidence of the interaction of the quark-antiquark fluctuations with the nuclear medium.
Published: 1999

42. The HERMES spectrometer

Author: K. Ackerstaff, A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, M. Amarian, V. Andreev, E.C. Aschenauer, R. Avakian, H. Avakian, A. Avetissian, B. Bains, S. Barrow, W. Beckhusen, M. Beckmann, St. Belostotski, E. Belz, Th. Benisch, S. Bernreuther, N. Bianchi, J. Blouw, H. Böttcher, A. Borissov, J. Brack, B. Braun, B. Bray, S. Brons, W. Brückner, A. Brüll, H.J. Bulten, G.P. Capitani, P. Carter, P. Chumney, E. Cisbani, S. Clark, S. Colilli, H. Coombes, G.R. Court, P. Delheij, E. Devitsin, C.W. de Jager, E. De Sanctis, D. De Schepper, P.K.A. de Witt Huberts, P. Di Nezza, M. Doets, M. Düren, A. Dvoredsky, G. Elbakian, J. Emerson, A. Fantoni, A. Fechtchenko, M. Ferstl, D. Fick, K. Fiedler, B.W. Filippone, H. Fischer, H.T. Fortune, J. Franz, S. Frullani, M.-A. Funk, N.D. Gagunashvili, P. Galumian, H. Gao, Y. Gärber, F. Garibaldi, G. Gavrilov, P. Geiger, V. Gharibyan, V. Giordjian, F. Giuliani, A. Golendoukhin, B. Grabowski, G. Graw, O. Grebeniouk, P. Green, G. Greeniaus, M. Gricia, C. Grosshauser, A. Gute, J.P. Haas, K. Hakelberg, W. Haeberli, J.-O. Hansen, D. Hasch, O. Hausser, R. Henderson, Th. Henkes, R. Hertenberger, Y. Holler, R.J. Holt, H. Ihssen, A. Izotov, M. Iodice, H.E. Jackson, A. Jgoun, C. Jones, R. Kaiser, J. Kelsey, E. Kinney, M. Kirsch, A. Kisselev, P. Kitching, H. Kobayashi, E. Kok, K. Königsmann, M. Kolstein, H. Kolster, W. Korsch, S. Kozlov, V. Kozlov, R. Kowalczyk, L. Kramer, B. Krause, A. Krivchitch, V.G. Krivokhijine, M. Kueckes, P. Kutt, G. Kyle, W. Lachnit, R. Langstaff, W. Lorenzon, M. Lucentini, A. Lung, N. Makins, V. Maleev, S.I. Manaenkov, K. Martens, A. Mateos, K. McIlhany, R.D. McKeown, F. Meißner, F. Menden, D. Mercer, A. Metz, N. Meyners, O. Mikloukho, C.A. Miller, M.A. Miller, R. Milner, V. Mitsyn, G. Modrak, J. Morton, A. Most, R. Mozzetti, V. Muccifora, A. Nagaitsev, Y. Naryshkin, A.M. Nathan, F. Neunreither, M. Niczyporuk, W.-D. Nowak, M. Nupieri, P. Oelwein, H. Ogami, T.G. O’Neill, R. Openshaw, V. Papavassiliou, S.F. Pate, S. Patrichev, M. Pitt, H.J. Plett, H.R. Poolman, S. Potashov, D. Potterveld, B. Povh, V. Prahl, G. Rakness, V. Razmyslovich, R. Redwine, A.R. Reolon, R. Ristinen, K. Rith, H.O. Roloff, G. Röper, P. Rossi, S. Rudnitsky, H. Russo, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Sakemi, F. Santavenere, I. Savin, F. Schmidt, H. Schmitt, G. Schnell, K.P. Schüler, A. Schwind, T.-A. Shibata, T. Shin, B. Siebels, A. Simon, K. Sinram, W.R. Smythe, J. Sowinski, M. Spengos, K. Sperber, E. Steffens, J. Stenger, J. Stewart, F. Stock, U. Stößlein, M. Sutter, H. Tallini, S. Taroian, A. Terkulov, D. Thiessen, B. Tipton, V. Trofimov, A. Trudel, M. Tytgat, G.M. Urciuoli, R. Van de Vyver, J.F.J. van den Brand, G. van der Steenhoven, J.J. van Hunen, D. van Westrum, A. Vassiliev, M.C. Vetterli, M.G. Vincter, E. Volk, W. Wander, T.P. Welch, S.E. Williamson, T. Wise, G. Wöbke, K. Woller, S. Yoneyama, K. Zapfe-Düren, T. Zeuli, H. Zohrabian, and (Astro)-Particles Physics
Subjects: HERMES experiment, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, semi-inclusive scattering, (e, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, CALORIMETERS, FOS: Physical sciences, deep inelastic lepton scattering, (e,e''h), Tracking (particle physics), Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, INORGANIC MATERIALS, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), e''h), GAS-MIXTURES, law, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Spectrometer, PERFORMANCE, magnetic spectrometer, Deep inelastic scattering, Transition radiation detector, CHAMBERS, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The HERMES experiment is collecting data on inclusive and semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering of polarised positrons from polarised targets of H, D, and He. These data give information on the spin structure of the nucleon. This paper describes the forward angle spectrometer built for this purpose. The spectrometer includes numerous tracking chambers (micro-strip gas chambers, drift and proportional chambers) in front of and behind a 1.3 T.m magnetic field, as well as an extensive set of detectors for particle identification (a lead-glass calorimeter, a pre-shower detector, a transition radiation detector, and a threshold Cherenkov detector). Two of the main features of the spectrometer are its good acceptance and identification of both positrons and hadrons, in particular pions. These characteristics, together with the purity of the targets, are allowing HERMES to make unique contributions to the understanding of how the spins of the quarks contribute to the spin of the nucleon., 37 pages, 32 figures, 4 tables
Published: 1998

43. Measurement of the neutron spin structure function g with a polarized 3He internal target

Author: K. Ackerstaff, A. Airapetian, I. Akushevich, N. Akopov, M. Amarian, E.C. Aschenauer, R. Avakian, H. Avakian, A. Avetissian, B. Bains, S. Barrow, M. Beckmann, S. Belostotski, J.E. Belz, Th. Benisch, S. Bernreuther, N. Bianchi, S. Blanchard, J. Blouw, H. Böttcher, A. Borissov, J. Brack, B. Braun, B. Bray, W. Brückner, A. Brüll, E.E.W. Bruins, H.J. Bulten, G.P. Capitani, P. Carter, E. Cisbani, G.R. Court, P.P.J. Delheij, E. Devitsin, C.W. de Jager, E. De Sanctis, D. De Schepper, P.K.A. de Witt Huberts, M. Düren, A. Dvoredsky, G. Elbakian, J. Emerson, A. Fantoni, A. Fechtchenko, M. Ferstl, D. Fick, K. Fiedler, B.W. Filippone, H. Fischer, H.T. Fortune, J. Franz, S. Frullani, M.-A. Funk, N.D. Gagunashvili, P. Galumian, H. Gao, Y. Gärber, F. Garibaldi, P. Geiger, V. Gharibyan, A. Golendoukhin, G. Graw, O. Grebeniouk, P.W. Green, L.G. Greeniaus, C. Grosshauser, A. Gute, V. Gyurjyan, J.P. Haas, W. Haeberli, J.-O. Hansen, D. Hasch, O. Häusser, R.S. Henderson, Th. Henkes, R. Hertenberger, Y. Holler, R.J. Holt, H. Ihssen, M. Iodice, A. Izotov, H.E. Jackson, A. Jgoun, C. Jones, R. Kaiser, E. Kinney, M. Kirsch, A. Kisselev, P. Kitching, N. Koch, K. Königsmann, M. Kolstein, H. Kolster, W. Korsch, V. Kozlov, L.H. Kramer, B. Krause, V.G. Krivokhijine, M. Kückes, G. Kyle, W. Lachnit, W. Lorenzon, A. Lung, N.C.R. Makins, S.I. Manaenkov, F.K. Martens, J.W. Martin, A. Mateos, K. McIlhany, R.D. McKeown, F. Meissner, D. Mercer, A. Metz, N. Meyners, O. Mikloukho, C.A. Miller, M.A. Miller, R.G. Milner, V. Mitsyn, A. Most, R. Mozzetti, V. Muccifora, A. Nagaitsev, Y. Naryshkin, A.M. Nathan, F. Neunreither, M. Niczyporuk, W.-D. Nowak, M. Nupieri, P. Oelwein, H. Ogami, T.G. O'Neill, R. Openshaw, V. Papavassiliou, S.F. Pate, M. Pitt, S. Potashov, D.H. Potterveld, B. Povh, G. Rakness, R. Redwine, A.R. Reolon, R. Ristinen, K. Rith, G. Röper, H. Roloff, P. Rossi, S. Rudnitsky, M. Ruh, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Sakemi, I. Savin, K.P. Schüller, A. Schwind, T.-A. Shibata, T. Shin, A. Simon, K. Sinram, W.R. Smythe, J. Sowinski, M. Spengos, E. Steffens, J. Stenger, J. Stewart, F. Stock, U. Stoesslein, M. Sutter, H. Tallini, S. Taroian, A. Terkulov, D.M. Thiessen, B. Tipton, A. Trudel, M. Tytgat, G.M. Urciuoli, R. Van de Vyver, J.F.J. van den Brand, G. van der Steenhoven, M.C. Vetterli, E. Volk, W. Wander, T.P. Welch, S.E. Williamson, T. Wise, T. Wölfel, K. Zapfe-Düren, H. Zohrabian, and R. Zurmühle
Subjects: Physics, HERMES experiment, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, HERA, Spin structure, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Positron, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spin-½
Abstract: Results are reported from the HERMES experiment at HERA on a measurement of the neutron spin structure function g1n(x, Q2) in deep inelastic scattering using 27.5 GeV longitudinally polarized positrons incident on a polarized 3He internal gas target. The data cover the kinematic range 0.023
Published: 1997

44. The MTV experiment: a test of time reversal symmetry using polarized 8Li

Author: J. Murata, H. Baba, J. A. Behr, Y. Hirayama, T. Iguri, M. Ikeda, T. Kato, H. Kawamura, R. Kishi, C. D. P. Levy, Y. Nakaya, K. Ninomiya, N. Ogawa, J. Onishi, R. Openshaw, M. Pearson, E. Seitaibashi, S. Tanaka, R. Tanuma, Y. Totsuka, and T. Toyoda
Published: 2013

45. Publisher’s Note: Precise measurement of parity violation in polarized muon decay [Phys. Rev. D84, 032005 (2011)]

Author: K. Olchanski, V. Selivanov, D. R. Gill, A. Olin, C. A. Gagliardi, G. Sheffer, A. Grossheim, R. Bayes, Glenn M. Marshall, J. Hu, M. D. Hasinoff, J. M. Poutissou, P. Gumplinger, R. Openshaw, A. Hillairet, E. L. Mathie, R. E. Tribble, Yu. I. Davydov, R. S. Henderson, R. Tacik, R. Poutissou, B. Shin, P. Depommier, R. P. MacDonald, T. D. S. Stanislaus, D. D. Koetke, W. Faszer, J. F. Bueno, A. Gaponenko, and R. E. Mischke
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Parity (physics)
Published: 2012

46. Development of detection systems for low-energy heavy ions at DRAGON

Author: U. Giesen, D.A. Hutcheon, A. Chen, John D'Auria, S. Bishop, R. Openshaw, Robert Henderson, D. Hunter, C. Rolfs, A. C. Shotter, Uwe Greife, J. Rogers, S. Engel, and C. Dale
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Recoil, Proton, Inverse kinematics, Detector, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Separator (oil production), Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure), Ion
Abstract: The new DRAGON facility at TRIUMF is designed to measure alpha and proton capture reactions with radioactive ion beams in inverse kinematics. For nucleo-synthesis in astrophysical scenarios, the relevant energies lie in the 0.15–1 MeV/u range, where very low cross sections are expected. Therefore the separation of the recoil products from the beam particles will be a difficult task. This paper focuses on the end detectors, which will be used to distinguish recoils from beam particles at the end of the DRAGON separator.
Published: 2002

47. Time projection chambers for the T2K near detectors

Author: M. Ravonel, M. Boyer, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, Franck Cadoux, J. Myslik, A. Blondel, Ioannis Giomataris, P. Stamoulis, Didier Ferrere, J. Wendland, L. Monfregola, A. Gaudin, J. Giraud, G. Jover-Manas, Federico Sanchez, A. Miller, K. Laihem, A. Delbart, C. Giganti, M. Macaire, P. Colas, S. W. K. Emery, E. Delagnes, A. Sarrat, S. Herlant, J. Dumarchez, S. Roth, Jean-Marc Reymond, R. Openshaw, E. Mazzucato, E. Radicioni, Achim Stahl, M. Goyette, M. Zito, N. Abgrall, M. G. Catanesi, P. Birney, B. Andrieu, M. Mezzetto, Michael Roney, P. Bene, W. Faszer, I. Kato, D. Terront, P. Baron, J. L. Ritou, A. Vallereau, X. De La Broise, K. Hamano, J. Beucher, O. Le Dortz, A. Cervera, D. Pierrepont, M. Lenckowski, B. A. Popov, K. B. Fransham, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, F. Nizery, D. Calvet, A. Konaka, D. Terhorst, Robert Henderson, R. Langstaff, B. Jamieson, C. Hearty, M. Usseglio, J. Steinmann, Vincenzo Berardi, E. Monmarthe, M. Le Ross, M. Di Marco, G. Vasseur, P. Poffenberger, Thorsten Lux, D. Karlen, L. Escudero, J.-Ph. Mols, F. Druillole, G. Wikström, F. Pierre, R. Schroeter, A. Le Coguie, E. Perrin, V. Tvaskis, Kendall Mahn, C. Bojechko, M. Ieva, F. Masciocchi, Blondel, Alain, Cadoux, Franck, Di Marco, Mariagrazia, Ferrere, Didier, Ferrero, Andréa, Masciocchi, Florian, Perrin, Eric, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Schroeter, Raphaël, and Wikstrom, Gustav
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ddc:500.2, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Physics, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, T2K experiment, Drift chamber, Gas system, Micromegas, Neutrino oscillation, Time projection chamber, Física, MicroMegas detector, Time projectionchamber, Gas system, Charged particle, Drift chamber, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Micromegas
Abstract: The T2K experiment is designed to study neutrino oscillation properties by directing a high intensity neutrino beam produced at J-PARC in Tokai, Japan, towards the large Super-Kamiokande detector located 295 km away, in Kamioka, Japan. The experiment includes a sophisticated near detector complex, 280 m downstream of the neutrino production target in order to measure the properties of the neutrino beam and to better understand neutrino interactions at the energy scale below a few GeV. A key element of the near detectors is the ND280 tracker, consisting of two active scintillator–bar target systems surrounded by three large time projection chambers (TPCs) for charged particle tracking. The data collected with the tracker are used to study charged current neutrino interaction rates and kinematics prior to oscillation, in order to reduce uncertainties in the oscillation measurements by the far detector. The tracker is surrounded by the former UA1/NOMAD dipole magnet and the TPCs measure the charges, momenta, and particle types of charged particles passing through them. Novel features of the TPC design include its rectangular box layout constructed from composite panels, the use of bulk micromegas detectors for gas amplification, electronics readout based on a new ASIC, and a photoelectron calibration system. This paper describes the design and construction of the TPCs, the micromegas modules, the readout electronics, the gas handling system, and shows the performance of the TPCs as deduced from measurements with particle beams, cosmic rays, and the calibration system.
Published: 2011

48. The T2K Experiment

Author: J. Ilic, Ferran Grañena, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, J. Zmuda, A. Suzuki, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, S. Dytman, Kendall Mahn, J. Bouchez, Masashi Yokoyama, E. Delagnes, E. Poplawska, Thorsten Lux, M. Messina, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, V. Kasey, M. Gonin, S. Gomi, A. V. Waldron, P. A. Rodrigues, K. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, J. Dobson, R. Langstaff, P. Vincent, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Kubota, P. Paul, S. Yen, T. Yano, S. M. Oser, J. Caravaca Rodríguez, H.A. Tanaka, Shinya Yamada, K. Briggs, Minoru Otani, J. Statter, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, D. Ruterbories, Y. Seiya, M. Khaleeq, A. Le Coguie, Achim Stahl, M. A. Ward, A. S. Tadepalli, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, T. Kutter, J. Schwehr, Kimihiro Okumura, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, J.P. Mols, M. Boyer, Jean-Charles Vanel, A. K. Ichikawa, S. Herlant, S. Roth, R. E. Minvielle, W. Toki, C. Yanagisawa, M. Goldhaber, M. Zito, P. Cooke, D. G. Brook-Roberge, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Kieran P. Ramos, T. C. Nicholls, O. Araoka, Henry W. Sobel, M. Fitton, T. M. Raufer, J. Lagoda, I. Kreslo, J. Escallier, P. Mijakowski, M. M. Khabibullin, J. Blocki, Andrew Marone, K. Nishikawa, D. Morris, Joseph Muratore, J. Carroll, K. Abe, R. Sacco, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, Y. Totsuka, Susumu Takahashi, Ioannis Giomataris, Gareth J. Barker, S. Murphy, C. Ohlmann, D. Richards, Y. Shimizu, W. Metcalf, C. K. Jung, J. L. Raaf, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, A. Dabrowska, D. Allan, N. West, I. Kato, C. Andreopoulos, G. Nagashima, S. Horikawa, T. Lindner, P. Amaudruz, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, T. Wongjirad, L. L. Kormos, D. Ross, A. Delbart, T. Ishida, T. Boussuge, M. A. George, Toru Ogitsu, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, M. J. Wilking, K. Mizouchi, S. Chollet, S. L. Cartwright, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Ping Lu, Dmitriy Beznosko, Julien Schmidt, F. Retiere, P. Kitching, M. Iwasaki, C. Bojechko, J. P. Coleman, K. Hamano, Kevin Connolly, J. Steinmann, Jan T. Sobczyk, I. Mercer, T. Tsukamoto, J. Kisiel, H. G. Berns, Hidetoshi Kubo, M. Taguchi, Viktor Matveev, V. Galymov, K. Laihem, A. Zalewska, J. Gaweda, Federico Sanchez, Hirokatsu Ohhata, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, A. Gendotti, R. G. Calland, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, A. Robert, M. Noy, E. Radicioni, A. Bodek, K. Nitta, Marek Stodulski, M. O. Wascko, E. Kearns, K. Zaremba, F. Nizery, D. Naples, B. A. Popov, J. Wendland, E. L. Mathie, B. Ellison, A. Izmaylov, M. Goyette, U. Dore, A. Thorley, A. Korzenev, Atsushi Takeda, T. Maryon, J. Doornbos, M. Ieva, S. W. Sadler, R. Tacik, Alexander Finch, O. Ballester, M. Le Ross, D. L. Wark, M. Siyad, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, M. Y. Pac, Michael Roney, R. Flight, S. B. Boyd, G. Jover-Manas, A. Carver, M. Miura, T. Ozaki, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, A. Debraine, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Yoshinari Hayato, T. Ishii, Kate Scholberg, M. Hartz, B. Kirby, K. Hayashi, J. L. Stone, S. Manly, J. Steffens, E. Mazzucato, G. F. Pearce, Nadeem A. Khan, P. Schaack, K. Koseki, K. Kaneyuki, S. Nakayama, Y. Kouzuma, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. P. Charrier, K. Kowalik, T. Okusawa, D. Warner, W. Faszer, T. Hara, A. Sarrat, S. Short, J. P. A. M. de André, N. C. Hastings, P. Plonski, A. D. Marino, S. W. K. Emery, C. J. Malafis, A. N. Khotjantsev, M. Barbi, B. Jamieson, M. M. Tanaka, N. Kimura, S. Y. Suzuki, I. Z. Danko, A. Bravar, T. Dealtry, C. Fisher, Y. Kurimoto, P. Guzowski, Y. Fujii, M. Szeptycka, R. Poutissou, K. Ieki, M. Ikeda, W. Coleman, André Rubbia, G. Sheffer, T. Durkin, J. D. Perkin, C. Licciardi, Rituparna Das, D. Karlen, D. Smith, O. Star, K. Tashiro, J. Brinson, Koh Ueno, P. Sutcliffe, Hs Budd, I. Taylor, J. Myslik, J. F. van Schalkwyk, Katsuyu Kasami, P. Masliah, M. Vagins, V. Tvaskis, R. J. Wilkes, R. Openshaw, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, F. Bay, F. Di Lodovico, M. Tada, L. Bartoszek, Masato Shiozawa, A. C. Weber, N. Tanimoto, R. P. Litchfield, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, R. A. Johnson, Omar Veledar, T. Golan, J. Giraud, B. Morgan, T. Komorowski, A. Muir, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, D. A. Forbush, Akitaka Ariga, B. Andrieu, David Calvet, A. Blondel, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, Barry L. Nelson, Robert D. Preece, Kodai Matsuoka, M. Fechner, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, S. Assylbekov, P. F. Harrison, Fred Gannaway, M. B. Smy, Shigeki Aoki, R. Terri, Koji Yamamoto, J. Marzec, N. Braam, Frédéric Dufour, J. Holeczek, S. Giffin, T. D. J. Haycock, Michal Dziewiecki, M. Shibata, N. J. Buchanan, L. Monfregola, H. Nishino, G. P. Ward, I. T. Lim, N. Grant, P. Gumplinger, A. Hyndman, P. de Perio, Yoshikazu Yamada, A. Hatzikoutelis, N. Honkanen, L. Kellet, C. A. Miller, P. Birney, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, T. Kikawa, R. L. Helmer, A. Minamino, Carlos A. Chavez, O. Drapier, F. Moreau, R. Hasanen, E. Monmarthe, Y. Kurosawa, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, Oleg Mineev, D. I. Scully, C. Touramanis, X. De La Broise, Antonio Ereditato, A. Cazes, J. A. Nowak, M. Malek, N. Yershov, A. Cervera, M. Ziembicki, M. Dziomba, V. Palladino, C. Ishihara, Kevin Scott McFarland, V. Paolone, P. Poffenberger, J. Dumarchez, M. Gallop, T. Strauss, T. Maruyama, J. Zalipska, Yasuhiro Makida, L. Stawnyczy, T. Nakadaira, A. Yamamoto, G.D. Barr, P. Colas, Scott Davis, M. Rooney, J. Y. Kim, Eiichi Hirose, S. J. Ives, M. Posiadala, Takayuki Tomaru, C. Strabel, M. G. Catanesi, J. Spitz, V. Kravtsov, K. Wong, R. Sulej, C. Mark, Robert Wilson, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, A.K. Ghosh, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, J. Beucher, N. McCauley, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, D. Terhorst, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, C. J. Pearson, G. Kogan, J. Swierblewski, G. De Rosa, R. A. Owen, A. Badertscher, M. Macaire, Y. Takenaga, A. Konaka, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, Yusuke Koshio, B. E. Berger, Lester D.R. Thompson, F. Druillole, Ken Sakashita, M. Mezzetto, C. Angelsen, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, M. Cadabeschi, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, H. Kakuno, R. Bradford, Leonid Kurchaninov, J. R. Wilson, K. Sasaki, M. Bryant, D. Pierrepont, A. Murakami, Yu. Kudenko, D. Bishop, S. Sooriyakumaran, M. Usseglio, Justin Albert, N. Kulkarni, N. Abgrall, S. Greenwood, C. Hearty, Suyong Choi, Alastair Grant, Richard J.H. Smith, G. Mituka, M. Thorpe, F. Pierre, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, R. A. Wendell, Vincenzo Berardi, Ewart W. Blackmore, P. T. Le, T. Kobayashi, S. Di Luise, A. Curioni, Tomoko Ariga, P. Baron, J. L. Ritou, S. Koike, M. Lenckowski, G. Vasseur, B. Still, M. Pfleger, K. B. Fransham, Masashi Tanaka, C. Hansen, T. B. Lawson, K. Iyogi, E. D. Zimmerman, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, K. P. Lee, M. Day, Robert Henderson, A. Longhin, J. Marteau, Z. Williamson, M. Iida, H. Kaji, Katsuki Hiraide, K. Olchanski, M. Ravonel, Michel Raymond, G. Christodoulou, K. Nakamura, B. Hartfiel, Leigh H. Whitehead, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, T. Sekiguchi, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. Besnier, G. Ganetis, Gavin Davies, L. Ludovici, C. Cavata, M. Sorel, S. Hastings, M. D. Haigh, C. W. Walter, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), K., Abe, N., Abgrall, H., Aihara, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, Palladino, Vittorio, Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, and Wikstrom, Gustav
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Sterile neutrino, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ddc:500.2, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Long baseline, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrinos, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, QC, Physics, T2K, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, T2K experiment, J-PARC, Super-Kamiokande, Física, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle {\theta}_{13} by observing {\nu}_e appearance in a {\nu}_{\mu} beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, {\Delta}m^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2{\theta}_{23}, via {\nu}_{\mu} disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem., Comment: 33 pages, 32 figures, Submitted and accepted by NIM A. Editor: Prof. Chang Kee Jung, Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, chang.jung@sunysb.edu, 631-632-8108 Submit Edited to remove line numbers
Published: 2011

49. Drift chambers for a precision measurement of the Michel parameters in muon decay

Author: V. Torokhov, P. Gumplinger, N. L. Rodning, R. Tacik, R. L. Helmer, E. L. Mathie, M. A. Vasiliev, J. Schaapman, V. Selivanov, L.V Miassoedov, M. A. Quraan, G. Price, R. E. Tribble, M. Comyn, P.W. Green, J. M. Poutissou, A. Olin, E. Korkmaz, D. Maas, D. D. Koetke, R. Openshaw, D.F. Ottewell, D. R. Gill, R. Poutissou, R. Manweiler, Yu. Yu. Lachin, C. A. Gagliardi, P. M. Nord, F. Sobratee, G. M. Stinson, G. Sheffer, Glenn M. Marshall, T. A. Porcelli, Robert Henderson, J. Soukup, J. A. Macdonald, H. C. Walter, J.C. Hardy, P. Depommier, W. Faszer, R. MacDonald, D.H. Wright, T. D. S. Stanislaus, P. Kitching, J. R. Musser, Yu. I. Davydov, A. Khruchinsky, W. Andersson, J. Doornbos, B. Shin, and M. D. Hasinoff
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Flat glass, Cathode, Anode, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Planar, law, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Michel parameters, Ceramic, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Planar drift chambers will be used in a solenoidal magnetic field to measure the Michel parameters in muon decay. The chamber manufacture procedure uses flat glass tables and precise ceramic glass spacers to provide precise anode– cathode spacing. Results of bench and beam tests of the prototype chambers are discussed. # 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2001

50. The TRIUMF Annular Chamber of Tracking and Identification of Charged Particles (TACTIC)

Author: P. Mumby-Croft, R. Openshaw, B. R. Fulton, John V. Pearson, P. Amaudruz, S. P. Fox, Alison Laird, P.L. Walden, Götz Ruprecht, M. M. Pavan, and L. Buchmann
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Identification (information), Acoustics, Tracking (particle physics), Charged particle
Published: 2010

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