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1. The association between viral load and concurrent human papillomavirus infection at the genital and anal sites of young women and the impact of vaccination

Author: Kahren van Eer, Ihsane Laâbi, Birgit H.B. van Benthem, Renske D.M. Steenbergen, Audrey J. King, D. Adema, R. Buist-Arkema, A. Beerens, D. Luijt, S. Meijer, J. Schirm, M. Peeters, J. Rossen, H. Verbakel, P. van Esch, J. Verweij, A. van der Eijk, R. Huisman, C. Kerkhof, H. Korff, M. Schutten, J. Velzing, F. Verduyn-Lunel, S. Lakbiach, P. van Rosmalen, R. Schuurman, E. Doorn, L. Masthoff, E. Pannekoek, V. Sigurdsson, D. Abma, K. Adams, S. Bruisten, I. Linde, P. Oostvogel, C. Touwen, W. Vermeulen, A. Brink, J. Nelissen, P. Wolffs, N. Duijvendijk, P. Schneeberger, M. Dinnissen van Poppel, W. Melchers, Y. Poort, M.Hooghiemstra Izore, H. Huisman, J. Weel, F. Bosma, F. Geeraedts, I. Polman, P.van Goor Isala, M. Wolfhagen, C. de Mooij, E. van Koolwijk, M. Peters, C. Swanink, R. Tiemessen, T. van Zwet, J. Janssen, M. Pelsers, W. de Waal, G. Aalfs, J. Kiewiet, P. Sanders, H. van Buel- Bruins, C. van Bokhoven-Rombouts, P. Cornelissen, M. Kersten, C. van Ruitenbeek, I. Molenaar, M. Bugter, H. Götz, M. Illidge-Onder de Linden, M. Mattijssen, J. Stam, E. Swaders, F. de Groot, F. Postma, E. Brouwers, A. Niekamp, M. Smit, A. Botraby, D. Bukasa, C. de Haan, P. Hut-van Vliet, T. Taconis, M. de Graas, I. Hondelink, C. Kampman, A. Gelissen-Hansen, I. de Koning, H. van Kruchten, M. van de Pas, H. Fennema, T. Heijman, A. Hogewoning, A. van Leeuwen, M. van Rooijen, F. Neienhuijsen, and M. Pelgrim
Subjects: Human papillomavirus, Concurrent, Viral load, Vaccination, Genital, Anal, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Concurrent genital-anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections may impose an increased anal cancer risk in women with HPV-related genital lesions. High viral load may facilitate genital-anal HPV concurrence. Genital and anal HPV is reduced by a bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine, yet the effect on concurrent genital-anal HPV remains unclear.This study analyzed viral load in concurrent genital-anal HPV infections, relative to genital-only and anal-only HPV infections and the impact of vaccination in young women. We included 1074 women, who provided both genital and anal swabs. HPV detection and genotyping was performed using the SPF10-DEIA-LiPA25. HPV copy numbers were measured with type-specific qPCRs and corrected for cellular content to obtain the viral load.Concurrent genital-anal HPV often had significantly higher genital viral load (0.09–371 c/cell) than genital-only HPV (3.17E-04-15.9 c/cell, p
Published: 2022
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2. Modeling and analysis of a hysteretic deformable mirror with electrically coupled actuators.

Author: Anja E. M. Schmerbauch, Antonis I. Vakis, R. Huisman, and Bayu Jayawardhana
Published: 2020
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3. [Validation of the Dutch Glasgow Anti- psychotic Side-Effect Scale for Clozapine]

Author: R, Huisman, C, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, E Y H, Mulder, A, Jongkind, D, Cohen, J P A M, Bogers, M Z, van der Horst, and J J, Luykx
Subjects: Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Translating, Clozapine, Antipsychotic Agents, Language
Abstract: To monitor the unique side effect pattern of clozapine, the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale for Clozapine (GASS-C) was developed in English and validated. This questionnaire was previously translated to Dutch, and revised, but not yet validated.The current study concerns the validation of the second revision of the GASS-C-NL-R2 for the Dutch language.Two Spearman correlation tests were conducted to compare GASS-C-NL-R2 with the Dutch version of the Liverpool University Neuroleptic Side-Effect Rating Scale (LUNSERS) at two time p´oints. There was one week between these two time points. The test-retest reliability was determined using a Spearman correlation test and Cronbach's alpha on the GASS-C-NL-R2 between the two time points. In addition, a factor analysis was performed.Spearman's correlation coefficient between the GASS-C-NL-R2 and the LUNSERS was 0.830 (p0.001, n = 72) at the first time point and 0.684 (p0.001, n = 50) at the second time point. GASS-C-NL-R2 also had a strong test-retest reliability: Spearman's correlation coefficient was 0.680 (p0.001; n = 46), and Cronbach's alpha was 0.847, n = 78. Factor analysis showed that all questions were relevant.The current study shows that GASS-C-NL-R2 is a valid and reliable questionnaire to monitor side effects related to clozapine with a relatively high prevalence. Future studies should focus on the practical utility of GASS-C-NL-R2 with a larger sample size.
Published: 2021

4. High pixel number deformable mirror concept utilizing piezoelectric hysteresis for stable shape configurations

Author: Silvia Damerio, R. Huisman, M. A. Vasquez-Beltran, Heino P. Smit, Ewout van der Veer, M. P. Bruijn, Beatriz Noheda, Bayu Jayawardhana, Mónica Acuautla, A. E. M. Schmerbauch, S.N.R. Kazmi, Martin Eggens, Nanostructures of Functional Oxides, Discrete Technology and Production Automation, Centre for Data Science and Systems Complexity (DSSC), Solid State Materials for Electronics, and Robotics and image-guided minimally-invasive surgery (ROBOTICS)
Subjects: Wavefront, Pixel, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Acoustics, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Division (mathematics), Multiplexing, Deformable mirror, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, Time-division multiplexing, Actuator, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Pixel density
Abstract: We present the conceptual design and initial development of the Hysteretic Deformable Mirror (HDM). The HDM is a completely new approach to the design and operation of deformable mirrors for wavefront correction in advanced imaging systems. The key technology breakthrough is the application of highly hysteretic piezoelectric material in combination with a simple electrode layout to efficiently define single actuator pixels. The set-and-forget nature of the HDM, which is based on the large remnant deformation of the newly developed piezo material, facilitates the use of time division multiplexing (TDM) to address the single pixels without the need for high update frequencies to avoid pixel drift. This, in combination with the simple electrode layout, paves the way for upscaling to extremely high pixel numbers ($\geq 128\times 128$) and pixel density ($100/mm^2$) deformable mirrors (DMs), which is of great importance for high spatial frequency wavefront correction in some of the most advanced imaging systems in the world.
Published: 2020

5. Manufacturing and optical performance of silicon immersed gratings for Sentinel-5

Author: Aaldert van Amerongen, L. Dubbeldam, Phillip P. Laubert, Geert Keizer, Tonny Coppens, Ruud Schuurhof, Ralf Kohlhaas, Paul J. J. Tol, R. Huisman, Stephen J. C. Yates, René Wanders, P.P. Kooijman, Sander van Loon, and M. Mustafa Kaykisiz
Subjects: Wavefront, Optics, Materials science, business.industry, Wafer bonding, Environmental tests, Wafer, Prism, Grating, Polarization (waves), Adaptive optics, business
Abstract: In this article the immersed gratings for the ESA Copernicus Sentinel-5 mission are presented. The manufacturing approach is shown and the optical performance of the SWIR-3 immersed gratings as well as the results of the environmental tests are discussed. The immersed gratings show an average efficiency of 60% and a wavefront error of 200 nm rms. The total integrated scatter over the complete stray-light hemisphere excluding ghosts from internal reflections is found to be 0.2% using a conservative estimate. A method for the derivation of the wavefront error from separate surface measurements is presented and the results are compared to measurements with an experimental Shack- Hartmann setup. The immersed gratings are produced by bonding a prism to a wafer with a grating. Environmental tests and testing at operational temperatures show the suitability of this approach for complex space optical components. The article concludes with possible improvements in the optical performance of future immersed gratings.
Published: 2019
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6. Modeling and analysis of butterfly loops via Preisach operators and its application in a piezoelectric material

Author: Bayu Jayawardhana, M. A. Vasquez Beltran, R. Huisman, C. de Jonge, W.J. van de Beek, Silvia Damerio, Reynier Peletier, Mónica Acuautla, Beatriz Noheda, Centre for Data Science and Systems Complexity (DSSC), Discrete Technology and Production Automation, Nanostructures of Functional Oxides, Astronomy, and Robotics and image-guided minimally-invasive surgery (ROBOTICS)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Loop (graph theory), Deformation (mechanics), 02 engineering and technology, Function (mathematics), Magnetic hysteresis, Topology, 01 natural sciences, Piezoelectricity, Weighting, Hysteresis, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Operator (computer programming), 0103 physical sciences
Abstract: We present modeling and analysis of the so-called butterfly hysteresis behavior, based on the use of the Preisach operator. The desired butterfly loop properties can be obtained under some mild conditions on the weighting function that defines the Preisach operator. The proposed framework is used to model the electric-field dependence of the strain in a piezoelectric material purposely designed to exhibit asymmetric butterfly loops with remnant deformation.
Published: 2019

7. SPICA —A Large Cryogenic Infrared Space Telescope: Unveiling the Obscured Universe

Author: M. Kawada, B. Larsson, D. Arrazola, Brian Jackson, C.M. Bradford, Lee Armus, K. Shinozaki, Hiroshi Shibai, Francisca Kemper, N. Isobe, I. Funaki, R. Huisman, M. Giard, L. Duband, Shiang-Yu Wang, P. Khosropanah, Shinki Oyabu, P. P. Kooijman, R. Shipman, Daisuke Ishihara, I. Charles, L. Rodriguez, V. Reveret, S. Withington, Frank Helmich, Kotaro Kohno, Willem Jellema, Pieter Dieleman, M. Audard, T. Wada, B. Vandenbussche, D. van Loon, A. Di Giorgio, Peter Roelfsema, David A. Naylor, I. Sakon, H. Ogawa, G. de Lange, Franz Kerschbaum, J. Kwon, R. Hijmering, W. M. Laauwen, J. van der Kuur, Jaap Evers, Francisco Najarro, Inga Kamp, Takashi Onaka, Albrecht Poglitsch, T. Yamada, L. M. González Fernández, H. Jacobs, S. C. Madden, Hidehiro Kaneda, Yasuo Doi, Jian-Rong Gao, C. K. Wafelbakker, H. van Weers, M. Eggens, I. Yamamura, L. Spinoglio, H. Matsuhara, Oliver Krause, T. Suzuki, Takao Nakagawa, Matthew Joseph Griffin, F. F. S. van der Tak, H. Sugita, Michael D. Audley, Y. Sato, J. Torres Redondo, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), inconnu, Inconnu, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), School of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], AUTRES, National Institute for Subatomic Physics [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Physics, Nara Women's University, Department of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Nagoya Institute, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Antarctic Research a European Network for Astrophysics (ARENA), Nanomaterials Research Institute, foreign laboratories (FL), CERN [Genève], SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Instituut voor Sterrenkunde [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Astronomy, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Subatomic Physics Nikhef [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)
Subjects: infrared: galaxies, infrared: general, infrared: planetary systems, instrumentation: photometers, instrumentation: spectrographs, space vehicles: instruments, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, instruments [space vehicles], Direct assessment, Infrared, media_common.quotation_subject, Infrared wavelength, FOS: Physical sciences, Spica, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, galaxies [infrared], infrared: galaxies, Spitzer Space Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, photometers [instrumentation], space vehicles: instruments, 010306 general physics, infrared: planetary systems, planetary systems [infrared], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, general [infrared], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, instrumentation: spectrographs, MISSION, Luminous infrared galaxy, Physics, Science & Technology, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Universe, instrumentation: photometers, SPITZER, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, infrared: general, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, spectrographs [instrumentation]
Abstract: 著者人数: 70名(所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 芝井, 広; 船木, 一幸; 磯部, 直樹; 川田, 光伸; 權, 靜美; 松原, 英雄; 中川, 貴雄; 小川, 博之; 佐藤, 洋一; 篠崎, 慶亮; 杉田, 寛之; 和田, 武彦; 山田, 亨; 山村, 一誠), Number of authors: 70(Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS): Shibai, Hiroshi; Funaki, Ikkoh; Isobe, Naoki; Kawada, Mitsunobu; Kwon, Jungmi; Matsuhara, Hideo; Nakagawa, Takao; Ogawa, Hiroyuki; Sato, Yoichi; Shinozaki, Keisuke; Sugita, Hiroyuki; Wada, Takehiko; Yamada, Toru; Yamamura, Issei), 資料番号: SA1180106000
Published: 2018
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8. Effect of multiple deformable mirrors in broadband high-contrast coronagraphs

Author: Reynier Peletier, Pierre Baudoz, Chris de Jonge, R. Galicher, Bayu Jayawardhana, R. Huisman, Discrete Technology and Production Automation, Astronomy, and Robotics and image-guided minimally-invasive surgery (ROBOTICS)
Subjects: Physics, Wavefront, business.industry, Plane (geometry), Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Deformable mirror, 010309 optics, Speckle pattern, Optics, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Talbot effect, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: In context of wavefront control for high-contrast coronagraphy, we present the spectral characterization of speckles generated by deformable mirrors (DMs) at various distances downstream of the pupil plane. We have measured the focal-plane electric field at 600 to 690nm of speckles generated with an in- and out-of-pupil DM on a high- contrast testbed using a self-coherent camera. These measurements are analyzed analytically and are compared to numerical end-to-end simulations of the setup. This will aid in the design of wavefront correction algorithms with multiple DMs.
Published: 2018
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9. Evaluation of dried blood spot sampling for pharmacokinetic research and therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-tuberculosis drugs in children

Author: Erwin M Jongedijk, Rob E. Aarnoutse, Mabel Rodriguez, Lisa C. Martial, Gilberto Chaparro, Jordy Kerkhoff, Gladys Molinas, Rosarito Coronel, Nilza Martinez, Justine R Huisman, Cecile Magis-Escurra, Sarita Aguirre, Daan J Touw, Myriam Roman, Felipe Gonzalez, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Roscio Gomez, Domingo Perez, Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Biopharmaceuticals, Discovery, Design and Delivery (BDDD), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), and Medicinal Chemistry and Bioanalysis (MCB)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Antitubercular Agents, Dried blood spot, GUIDELINES, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, polycyclic compounds, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Children, Antiinfective agent, education.field_of_study, PYRAZINAMIDE, OUTCOMES, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, ETHAMBUTOL, Female, Drug Monitoring, medicine.drug, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS, 030106 microbiology, Population, Anti-tuberculosis drugs, Therapeutic drug monitoring, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacokinetics, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Tuberculosis, education, Ethambutol, RIFAMPIN, business.industry, Infant, Pyrazinamide, bacterial infections and mycoses, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Dried Blood Spot Testing, business, Rifampicin
Abstract: Background: Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling for pharmacokinetic (PK) studies and therapeutic drug monitoring have unique advantages over venous sampling. This study aimed to evaluate a DBS method for first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in children, and DBS sampling to assess PK parameters.Methods: Paraguayan children were treated according to the revised paediatric dosing scheme of the World Health Organization. A PK curve was performed both with DBS sampling and conventional venous sampling for rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. Passing-Bablok regression, Bland-Altman plots and predictive performance evaluation were used to assess agreement between DBS and plasma concentrations. The percentages of patients attaining population PK values for C-max and AUC(0-24h) were calculated.Results: After use of a conversion factor, Passing-Bablok regression showed no significant proportional or systematic bias between DBS and plasma concentrations. Bland-Altman plots showed that 95% of the ratios of the DBS predicted:observed plasma concentrations lay between 0.6 and 1.4 for rifampicin, 0.5 and 1.6 for pyrazinamide and -0.4 and 2.8 for ethambutol. DBS measurements showed acceptable predictive performance for rifampicin and pyrazinamide, but not for ethambutol. Assessment of C-max target attainment was 62.5% for isoniazid, 25% for rifampicin, 100% for pyrazinamide and 75% for ethambutol.Conclusion: For rifampicin and pyrazinamide, the DBS method was accurate in predicting plasma concentrations, and was used successfully for PK parameter assessment. However, predicting ethambutol plasma concentrations with DBS measurement was associated with too much imprecision. Despite higher dosing, only 25% of the population reached average target adult rifampicin exposures. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018
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10. Programmable multiport optical circuits in opaque scattering materials

Author: Tom A. W. Wolterink, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, Allard Mosk, T.J. Huisman, Simon R. Huisman, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Complex Photonic Systems
Subjects: Physics, Wavefront, Opacity, business.industry, Scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Power (physics), 010309 optics, Interferometry, Optics, Interference (communication), Spectroscopy of Solids and Interfaces, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Phase modulation, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics, Electronic circuit
Abstract: We propose and experimentally verify a method to program the effective transmission matrix of general multiport linear optical circuits in random multiple-scattering materials by phase modulation of incident wavefronts. We demonstrate the power of our method by programming linear optical circuits in white paint layers with 2 inputs and 2 outputs, and 2 inputs and 3 outputs. Using interferometric techniques we verify our ability to program any desired phase relation between the outputs. The method works in a deterministic manner and can be directly applied to existing wavefront-shaping setups without the need of measuring a transmission matrix or to rely on sensitive interference measurements., 14 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2015
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11. Lack of penetration of amikacin into saliva of tuberculosis patients

Author: Tjip S. van der Werf, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Mathieu S. Bolhuis, Daan J Touw, Justine R Huisman, Simone H J van den Elsen, Onno W. Akkerman, Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Biopharmaceuticals, Discovery, Design and Delivery (BDDD), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Medicinal Chemistry and Bioanalysis (MCB), and Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Saliva, Tuberculosis, 030106 microbiology, Cmax, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ototoxicity, Internal medicine, Tobramycin, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS, Amikacin, Immunoassay, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Regimen, Aminoglycosides, Treatment Outcome, 030228 respiratory system, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Female, Drug Monitoring, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: In the 2016 update of the World Health Organization treatment guideline for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), a shorter multidrug-resistant TB regimen was proposed because of its higher treatment outcomes [1]. However, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an excellent method to improve clinical outcomes as well and its practice is on the rise [2]. A well-known side-effect of group B injectable anti-TB drugs (e.g. amikacin) is ototoxicity [3]. TDM could also be a solution to minimise side-effects by lowering the drug exposure [4]. In the study by van Altena et al. [5], TDM was practised using the ratio of peak concentration (Cmax) to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and this resulted in a reduction in patients with hearing loss. Saliva is considered as an alternative matrix for TDM because it is easy, noninvasive and more patient friendly to sample [6]. Studies found a limited penetration of gentamycin and tobramycin into saliva [7], while detectable levels of amikacin in saliva of neonates were reported [8]. Given the low penetration of aminoglycosides into saliva and interest in Cmax for TDM of amikacin, our objective was to study whether the salivary Cmax of amikacin is measurable and useful in salivary TDM.Salivary CmaxTDM of amikacin was not feasible in TB treatment due to the very low penetration into saliva http://ow.ly/d6v230h0bWG
Published: 2017

12. No evidence for cross-protection of the HPV-16/18 vaccine against HPV-6/11 positivity in female STI clinic visitors

Author: J. Weel, P. Oostvogel, I. Molenaar, Audrey J. King, J. Schirm, E. Doorn, Petra F. G. Wolffs, Christian J. P. A. Hoebe, M. van de Pas, I. de Koning, J. Janssen, A. Gelissen-Hansen, M. Illidge-Onder de Linden, P. Sanders, M. Hooghiemstra, J. Kiewiet, Han S. A. Fennema, C. de Mooij, P. Hut-van Vliet, S. Lakbiach, Dirk S. Luijt, M. Pelsers, F. De Groot, T. van Zwet, M. Wolfhagen, H. Huisman, C. van Ruitenbeek, L. Masthoff, C. Touwen, H. Verbakel, Antoinette A. T. P. Brink, M. Schutten, K. Adams, I. Hondelink, N. Duijvendijk, R. Tiemessen, A.G.M. Buiting, Arjan Hogewoning, Robine Donken, Antoine M Beerens, T. de Haas, F. Postma, M. de Graas, F. Verduyn-Lunel, Jaco J. Verweij, Peter M. Schneeberger, T. Taconis, Titia Heijman, V. Sigurdsson, D. Adema, Elfi E. H. G. Brouwers, Petra J. Woestenberg, Menke J. de Smit, Johannes A. Bogaards, E. Pannekoek, E. van Koolwijk, I. Linde, P. Cornelissen, W. Vermeulen, C. van Bokhoven-Rombouts, Sylvia M. Bruisten, A. van Leeuwen, W. de Waal, R. Huisman, Marianne A B van der Sande, G. Aalfs, A. Botraby, Marcel Peeters, Hannelore M Götz, D. Abma, A.A. van der Eijk, R. Buist-Arkema, H. Korff, H. Bosch, C. de Haan, M. van Rooijen, H. van Buel-Bruins, S. Meijer, P. van Goor, E. Swaders, Fiona R. M. van der Klis, P. van Esch, M. Mattijssen, I. Polman, Birgit H B van Benthem, M. Dinnissen-van Poppel, J. Stam, John W. A. Rossen, Caroline M. A. Swanink, Rob Schuurman, T. Smits, J. Nelissen, C. Kampman, M. Peters, Willem J. G. Melchers, M. Pelgrim, C. Kerkhof, J. Velzing, Suzan Leussink, H. van Kruchten, D. Bukasa, P. van Rosmalen, Y. Poort, F. Neienhuijsen, M. Kersten, Anne-Marie Niekamp, R. Kleinspenkelink, CCA - Cancer biology and immunology, AII - Infectious diseases, Pathology, APH - Methodology, Other departments, APH - Global Health, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Neurology, Promovendi PHPC, Med Microbiol, Infect Dis & Infect Prev, and RS: CAPHRI - R4 - Health Inequities and Societal Participation
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cross-sectional study, Cross Protection, NETHERLANDS, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, PAPILLOMAVIRUS, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Genital warts, GENITAL WARTS, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cervical cancer, Human papillomavirus 16, Human papillomavirus 18, Human papillomavirus 11, Prevention & control, Vaccination, WOMEN, virus diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infectious Diseases, ANOGENITAL WARTS, Vagina, Female, Warts, Adult, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, CERVICAL-CANCER, Adolescent, 030106 microbiology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Human papillomavirus vaccine, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal medicine, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, Sex organ, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Human papillomavirus vaccine, L1 type 16, 18, Gynecology, Condylomata acuminata, business.industry, RISK HPV TYPES, Papillomavirus Infections, Vaccine trial, AS04-ADJUVANTED VACCINE, medicine.disease, Human papillomavirus 6, EFFICACY, Confidence interval, United Kingdom, Cross-Sectional Studies, INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, L1 type 16, business
Abstract: Objectives: Data from a vaccine trial and from post-vaccine surveillance in the United Kingdom have suggested that the bivalent HPV-16/18 vaccine offers cross-protection against HPV-6/11 and protection against anogenital warts (AGW). We studied the effect of the bivalent vaccine on genital HPV-6/11 positivity and AGW in the Netherlands.Methods: We included all vaccine-eligible women from the PASSYON study, a biennial cross-sectional study among 16- to 24-year-old sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic attendants. Vaginal self-swabs were analyzed for type specific HPV and AGW were diagnosed at the STI-clinic. Prevalence of HPV-6 and/or HPV-11 and AGW were compared between self-reported vaccinated and unvaccinated women by log-binomial regression analysis, adjusted for demographics and risk behavior.Results: Of the 1198 women included, 56% reported to be vaccinated at least once. Relative to unvaccinated women, the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for HPV-6/11 was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-1.43) for women vaccinated at least once. The crude PR for AGW was 0.67 (95% CI 0.22-2.07) for women vaccinated at least once. Adjustment did not change these results.Conclusions: We observed no cross-protective effect of the bivalent vaccine on genital HPV-6/11 positivity and a non-significant partially protective effect on AGW. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Infection Association.
Published: 2017
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13. In-flight calibration of the HIFI diplexers

Author: R. Huisman, David Teyssier, Bertrand Delforge, Willem Jellema, Martin Eggens, Geert Keizer, and Michael Mueller
Subjects: Heterodyne, Physics, Spectrometer, business.industry, Local oscillator, Herschel space observatory, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radio spectrum, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Far-infrared, Calibration, Diplexer, business, Instrumentation, Optical path length, HIFI, Spectral purity
Abstract: HIFI is a heterodyne spectrometer aboard the Herschel Space Observatory, providing high-spectral-resolution capabilities. Of its seven frequency bands, four (bands 3, 4, 6, and 7) employ Martin-Puplett diplexers to combine sky signal and local oscillator at the two linear polarizations H and V, prior to feeding them into the mixers (receivers). The optical path difference in each of these 8 diplexers must be tuned to the observed frequency. The required actuator currents were determined in flight before the start of routine science observations. We here report on regular (roughly quarterly) engineering test observations to validate the repeatability of the HIFI diplexers during the routine phase of Herschel operations. We find the optical path difference to be stable to within 0.4 % of the relevant wavelength, typically at the sub-micron level. We conclude that the repeatability and precision of the diplexer tuning mechanism are so high that science data are in no way negatively affected. With the diplexer calibration established and validated, this line of reasoning can be reversed, and the diplexers can be used as relative spectrometers to measure the local-oscillator frequency, i.e., to check the spectral purity of the local oscillator across the diplexer bands. This was done from before launch out to the last months of cryogenic operations in space.
Published: 2014

14. Steps towards highly automated driving /Steps towards highly automated driving

Author: R. Huisman, T. Kabos, A.-J. van Eck, and M. Beenakkers
Published: 2017
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15. Cryogenic mechatronic design of the HIFI Focal Plane Chopper

Author: A. C. T. Nieuwenhuizen, J. W. G. Aalders, K. Wildeman, R. Huisman, Bayu Jayawardhana, Martin Eggens, Jaap Evers, H. Jacobs, G. R. Ploeger, B. J. van Leeuwen, Jacqueline Scherpen, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, and Discrete Technology and Production Automation
Subjects: Heterodyne, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cryogenic, Chopper, Steering mirror, Far infrared, Spitzer Space Telescope, Space mechanism, ISO, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aerospace engineering, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Scientific instrument, Physics, business.industry, GRATING DRIVE, Mechanical Engineering, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Electrical engineering, Mechatronics, Herschel-HIFI, Computer Science Applications, On board, Cardinal point, Control and Systems Engineering, business
Abstract: This paper discusses the cryogenic mechatronic development of the Focal Plane Chopper (FPC) mechanism in the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far Infrared (HIFI) which is one of the science instruments on board the Herschel space telescope. The extreme cryogenic environment, in which the mechanism has to operate, places a number of constraints on the mechatronic design of the instrument. The paper gives an overview of cryogenic design issues applicable to the development of the FPC and provides solutions to the problems encountered. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2011
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16. Niobium and tantalum diselenides

Author: F. Jellinek, R. Huisman, and F. Kadijk
Subjects: Chemistry, Inorganic chemistry, Tantalum, Niobium, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Crystal structure, Trigonal crystal system, Metal, Crystallography, Octahedron, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Layer (electronics), Selenium
Abstract: Niobium and tantalum diselenides have been found to exist in the following polymorphous forms: 2s-NbSe2, 3s-NbSe2, 4s-NbSe2, 2s-TaSe2, 3s-TaSe2, 4s-TaSe2, and 6s-TaSe2. Unit-cell dimensions are collected in Table I and the crystal structures of the various forms are schematically shown in Fig. 1. All the polymorphs have hexagonal or rhombohedral layer structures. In the 2s-, 3s- and 4s- phases the metal atoms have a trigonal-prismatic environment, but in 6s-TaSe2 half of the metal atoms have octahedral and half have trigonal-prismatic coordination. The conditions of preparation of the various forms are discussed. Excess of selenium over the composition MSe2 leads to mixtures of the MSe3 and MSe2 phases. Excess of metal results in the formation of phases of the type M1+xSe2, where the additional metal atoms are accommodated in the octahedral interstices between the MSe2 slabs.
Published: 2010
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17. Instant single-photon Fock state tomography

Author: A. I. Lvovsky, S. A. Babichev, S. H. Youn, Nitin Jain, S. R. Huisman, Frank Vewinger, A. N. Zhang, Complex Photonic Systems, and Faculty of Science and Technology
Subjects: Physics, METIS-260769, Quantum Physics, Photon, business.industry, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010309 optics, IR-71740, Direct-conversion receiver, Optics, Fock state, 0103 physical sciences, Tomography, Detection rate, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, business
Abstract: Heralded single photons are prepared at a rate of approximately 100 kHz via conditional measurements on polarization-nondegenerate biphotons produced in a periodically poled potassium-titanyl phosphate crystal. The single-photon Fock state is characterized using high-frequency pulsed optical homodyne tomography with a fidelity of (57.6+/-0.1)%. The state preparation and detection rates allowed us to perform on-the-fly alignment of the apparatus based on real-time analysis of the quadrature measurement statistics.
Published: 2009
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18. The ability of external immobilizers to restrict movement of the cervical spine: a systematic review

Author: Joske M. R. Huisman, Nico Verdonschot, Gerjon Hannink, Allard J. F. Hosman, Micha Holla, Jon H M Goosen, and Faculty of Engineering Technology
Subjects: Orthotic Devices, medicine.medical_specialty, Rotation, Movement, medicine.medical_treatment, Immobilization, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, IR-103663, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Range of Motion, Articular, Orthodontics, business.industry, Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0], 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Traction (orthopedics), musculoskeletal system, METIS-320128, Cervical spine, Orthotic device, Biomechanical Phenomena, Lateral bending, Surgery, body regions, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], restrict, Cervical Vertebrae, Range of motion, business, Neck, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 171692.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) PURPOSE: To review the ability of various types of external immobilizers to restrict cervical spine movement. METHODS: With a systematical review of original scientific articles, data on range of motion, type of used external immobilization device and risk of bias were extracted. The described external immobilization devices were grouped and the mean restriction percentage and standard deviation were calculated. Finally, each device was classified based on its ability to restrict movement of the cervical spine, according to five levels of immobilization: poor (MIL /=80 %). RESULTS: The ability to reduce the range of motion by soft collars was poor in all directions. The ability of cervico-high thoracic devices was moderate for flexion/extension but poor for lateral bending and rotation. The ability of cervico-low thoracic devices to restrict flexion/extension and rotation was moderate, while their ability to restrict lateral bending was poor. All cranio-thoracic devices for non-ambulatory patients restricted cervical spine movement substantial in all directions. The ability of vests with non-invasive skull fixation was substantial in all directions. No studies with healthy adults were identified with respect to cranial traction and halo vests with skull pins and their ability to restrict cervical movement. CONCLUSIONS: Soft collars have a poor ability to reduce mobility of the cervical spine. Cervico-high thoracic devices primarily reduce flexion and extension, but they reduce lateral bending and rotation to a lesser degree. Cervico-low thoracic devices restrict lateral bending to the same extent as cervico-high thoracic devices, but are considerably more effective at restricting flexion, extension, and rotation. Finally, cranio-thoracic devices nearly fully restrict movement of the cervical spine.
Published: 2016

19. High-Performance Motion Control of the METIS Cold Chopper Mechanism

Author: H. Janssen, Bayu Jayawardhana, Bernhard R. Brandl, Frank Molster, Gabby Aitink-Kroes, Maurice Teuwen, Lars Venema, Teun C. van den Dool, Martin Eggens, R. Huisman, Sander Paalvast, Discrete Technology and Production Automation, and Robotics and image-guided minimally-invasive surgery (ROBOTICS)
Subjects: Optical telescopes, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, High Tech Systems & Materials, 02 engineering and technology, high-performance motion control, 01 natural sciences, Control system analysis, High-performance motion control, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Performance requirements, Critical component, Materials, Control synthesis, TS - Technical Sciences, Industrial Innovation, Repetitive control, Reconfigurable hardware, Cryogenic Instrument, Reconfigurable computing, Computer Science Applications, Mirrors, Nano Technology, Extremely Large Telescopes, OM - Opto-Mechatronics, Repetitive controller, 010309 optics, Chopper, Hardware, Control theory, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic engineering, Metis, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Motion control, Spectrograph, Simulation, repetitive control, business.industry, Hysteresis, hybrid control, tip/tilt mechanism, Mechatronics, Hybrid controls, Tip/tilt mechanism, hysteresis, Control and Systems Engineering, business, Actuator, Telescopes
Abstract: We present the main results of the performance test campaign of the Mid-Infrared European Extremely Large Telescope Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) Cold Chopper Demonstrator (MCCD). This tip/tilt mirror, which operates at a temperature of 77 K, is one of the critical components in the METIS for the European Extremely Large Telescope. The performance requirements of the MCCD relate to the field of fast and very accurate reference tracking. We discuss the applicability of different high-performance motion control strategies and describe the control synthesis of a repetitive and of a novel hybrid controller. We identified the presence of nonlinearities in the plant, which limits the performance of the hybrid controller. The repetitive controller shows very promising results and can handle the nonlinearities in the system. This experimental phase concludes the MCCD program, which was initiated to verify the feasibility of a high-performance cryogenic tip/tilt mirror at an early stage in the METIS development. Because of the very promising test results, no significant changes to the hardware will be implemented. We believe that minor adjustments will suffice to meet all requirements of the final hardware after integration with the METIS instrument.
Published: 2016
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20. EFFECT OF DIET ON THE FECES QUALITY IN JAVAN LANGUR (TRACHYPITHECUS AURATUS AURATUS)

Author: Moniek Olsthoorn, W. Jürgen Streich, Wendy Noordermeer, Joeke Nijboer, Marcus Clauss, Jan van der Kuilen, Anton C. Beynen, Celine Verheyen, Tjalling R. Huisman, University of Zurich, and Nijboer, Joeke
Subjects: Dietary Fiber, Male, 10253 Department of Small Animals, Animal feed, 3400 General Veterinary, Drinking, Feces, Trachypithecus auratus, Vegetables, Dietary Carbohydrates, Animals, Dry matter, Food science, Cross-Over Studies, Colobinae, 630 Agriculture, General Veterinary, biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Animal Feed, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Fruit, Fermentation, 570 Life sciences, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Zoo, Digestion, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, 1103 Animal Science and Zoology, Javan langur
Abstract: A high intake of easily fermentable carbohydrates and a low intake of fiber material are generally regarded as major factors affecting the health of captive langurs. The effect on fecal consistency of excluding fruits and vegetables from the diet was evaluated in Javan langurs (Trachypithecus auratus auratus). Cross-over trials were carried out at Rotterdam Zoo and at the Apenheul Zoo, The Netherlands. During the first and third dietary period, the langurs were fed their usual diet, which contained fruits, vegetables, langur pellets, and browse. During the second period, the vegetables and fruits were excluded from the diet and the diet essentially consisted of pellets and browse. Feces consistency was scored using a fecal score chart developed for langurs. During the second feeding period the feces consistency improved significantly in animals at both zoos. Across all trials, a firmer feces consistency was correlated with an increase in dietary cell wall (measured as neutral detergent fiber) and a decrease in dietary water. It is suggested that the combined decrease in the intake of soluble sugars, the increase of fiber intake, and a lower amount of dietary water in the diet resulted in more solid stools. The results indicate that a dietary neutral detergent fiber content of approximately 46% in dry matter will result in a feces consistency indicative of undisturbed gut function.
Published: 2006
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21. Observation of nonlinear bands in near-field scanning optical microscopy of a photonic-crystal waveguide

Author: Simon R. Huisman, Georgios Ctistis, Jennifer Lynn Herek, Jeroen P. Korterik, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, A. Singh, Allard Mosk, Faculty of Science and Technology, Complex Photonic Systems, and Optical Sciences
Subjects: Materials science, Field (physics), business.industry, Resolution (electron density), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Molecular physics, Ray, law.invention, Momentum, Optical microscope, Normal mode, law, 2023 OA procedure, Near-field scanning optical microscope, Photonics, business, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: We have measured the photonic bandstructure of GaAs photonic-crystal waveguides with high energy and momentum resolution using near-field scanning optical microscopy. Intriguingly, we observe additional bands that are not predicted by eigenmode solvers, as was recently demonstrated by Huisman et al. [Phys. Rev. B 86, 155154 (2012)]. We study the presence of these additional bands by performing measurements of these bands while varying the incident light power, revealing a non-linear power dependence. Here, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the observed additional bands are caused by a waveguide-specific near- field tip effect not previously reported, which can significantly phase-modulate the detected field., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2015

22. Programming balanced optical beam splitters in white paint

Author: Sebastianus A. Goorden, T.J. Huisman, Simon R. Huisman, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, Allard Mosk, Faculty of Science and Technology, and Complex Photonic Systems
Subjects: Physics, Wavefront, Ideal (set theory), business.industry, Optical beam, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, Interference (wave propagation), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Speckle pattern, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, business, Intensity (heat transfer), Beam splitter, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: Wavefront shaping allows for ultimate control of light propagation in multiple-scattering media by adaptive manipulation of incident waves. We shine two separate wavefront-shaped beams on a layer of dry white paint to create two enhanced output speckle spots of equal intensity. We experimentally confirm by interference measurements that the output speckle spots are almost correlated like the two outputs of an ideal balanced beam splitter. The observed deviations from the phase behavior of an ideal beam splitter are analyzed with a transmission matrix model. Our experiments demonstrate that wavefront shaping in multiple-scattering media can be used to approximate the functionality of linear optical devices with multiple inputs and outputs.
Published: 2014
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23. The structure and properties of cellulose fibres spun from an anisotropic phosphoric acid solution

Author: R. Huisman, J. Veurink, H. Boerstoel, M. G. Northolt, H. Elzerman, and H. Maatman
Subjects: Materials science, Birefringence, Polymers and Plastics, Organic Chemistry, Regenerated cellulose, macromolecular substances, Crystal structure, chemistry.chemical_compound, stomatognathic system, chemistry, Electron diffraction, Materials Chemistry, Cellulose, Composite material, Anisotropy, Phosphoric acid, Natural fiber
Abstract: The structure and the mechanical properties of a newly developed highmodulus/high strength cellulose fibre spun from an anisotropic solution in phosphoric acid are discussed and compared with those of existing regenerated cellulose fibres. The crystal structure of the fibre is of the cellulose II modification, and the highly oriented and crystalline fibres have an initial filament modulus of 44 GPa, a sonic modulus of 58 GPa, and a strength of 1.7 GPa. It is shown that the mechanical properties of this fibre are well described by the continuous chain model. Lateral birefringence measurements and an electron diffraction study have established the orientation of the optical axes nα and nβ relative to the a and b axes in the crystal structure. Moreover, the most likely crack directions in the cellulose II structure have been identified.
Published: 2001
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24. Controlling single-photon Fock-state propagation through opaque scattering materials

Author: T. J. Huisman, S. R. Huisman, A. P. Mosk, and P. W. H. Pinkse
Published: 2013

25. Programming quantum interference with multiple scattering

Author: Allard Mosk, Tom A. W. Wolterink, T. J. Huisman, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, and Simon R. Huisman
Subjects: Quantum optics, Physics, Quantum amplifier, Optics, Quantum state, business.industry, Quantum sensor, Physics::Optics, Photodetection, Nonclassical light, Quantum imaging, business, Quantum
Abstract: Multiple-scattering has become an exciting platform for quantum optical experiments [1-5]. In wavefront shaping one uses spatial light modulation in combination with strongly scattering materials to achieve control over light in space and time [6]. Recent wavefront-shaping experiments have transformed opaque media in equivalents of waveguides, lenses, waveplates and optical pulse compressors that are inherently robust against disorder and imaging errors. In quantum optics, interference of quantum states is studied in often complicated optical circuits. This requires a close-to-perfect implementation of the setup and provides little flexibility or programmability of the interference. We implement the radically different approach to apply wavefront shaping on quantum light to obtain ample flexibility in optimization and manipulation of the quantum interference. This offers unique opportunities for sample characterization, quantum patterning, secure key generation, or quantum transport through disordered media.
Published: 2013
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26. A validated classification for external immobilization of the cervical spine

Author: Allard J. F. Hosman, Joske M. R. Huisman, and Micha Holla
Subjects: Orthodontics, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, collars, Intraobserver reliability, cervical, Cervical spine, Article, Random order, Clinical Practice, immobilizers, classification, medicine, Cervical spine immobilization, business, Kappa, external
Abstract: Study Design Interobserver and intraobserver reliability study. Objective The aim of this study is to validate a new classification system of external cervical spine immobilization devices by measuring the interobserver and intraobserver agreement. Methods A classification system, with five main categories, based on the anatomical regions on which the device supports, was created. A total of 28 independent observers classified 50 photographs of different devices, designed to immobilize the cervical spine according to the new proposed classification system. At least 2 weeks later, the same devices were classified again in a new random order. Before and after the classification, all the participants answered questions about the usefulness of the proposed classification. Results The mean interobserver and intraobserver agreement Fleiss' kappa was 0.88 and 0.91, respectively. Both are, according to the interpretation described by Landis and Koch, “almost perfect.” A majority of the participators answered that they needed a classification (89%) and considered the classification to be clear (96%). All the participants considered the classification to be useful in clinical practice. Conclusion This study showed that the new classification of external cervical spine immobilizers, based on anatomical support areas, has an excellent interobserver and intraobserver agreement. Furthermore, the study participants considered the proposed classification to be clear and useful in clinical practice. As the majority of patients with cervical spine injuries are treated with external immobilization devices, this new classification system can improve the closed treatment of cervical spine injuries in daily clinical practice. Furthermore, it makes reproducible comparisons between groups possible, which are essential for further evolution of evidence-based spine care.
Published: 2013

27. Controlling single-photon Fock-state propagation through opaque scattering materials

Author: Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, T.J. Huisman, Allard Mosk, Simon R. Huisman, Faculty of Science and Technology, Complex Photonic Systems, and Optical Sciences
Subjects: Physics, Wavefront, Speckle pattern, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), business.industry, Wave propagation, Scattering, General Engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Optics, Spatial light modulator, Light scattering, Optics, Fock state, Quantum cryptography, Reflection configuration, Coincidence count rate, business, Quantum information science, Phase pattern, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract: The control of light scattering is essential in many quantum optical experiments. Wavefront shaping is a technique used for ultimate control over wave propagation through multiple-scattering media by adaptive manipulation of incident waves. We control the propagation of single-photon Fock states through opaque scattering media by spatial phase modulation of the incident wavefront. We enhance the probability that a single photon arrives in a target output mode with a factor 30. Our proof-of-principle experiment shows that the propagation of quantum light through multiple-scattering media can be controlled, with prospective applications in quantum communication and quantum cryptography
Published: 2012

28. Development of a low background test facility for the SPICA-SAFARI on-ground calibration

Author: R. Huisman, Bart Vandenbussche, L Meinsma, Lorenza Ferrari, W. M. Laauwen, Marc Ferlet, and Pieter Dieleman
Subjects: Physics, Cryostat, Point spread function, Light intensity, Optics, Integrating sphere, business.industry, Image quality, Detector, Spica, business, Fabry–Pérot interferometer, Remote sensing
Abstract: SAFARI is a far-infrared camera to be launched in 2021 onboard the SPICA satellite. SAFARI offers imaging spectroscopy and imaging photometry in the wavelength range of 34 to 210 μm with detector NEP of 2•10 -19 W/√Hz. A cryogenic test facility for SAFARI on-ground calibration and characterization is being developed. The main design driver is the required low background of a few attoWatts per pixel. This prohibits optical access to room temperature and hence all test equipment needs to be inside the cryostat at 4.5K. The instrument parameters to be verified are interfaces with the SPICA satellite, sensitivity, alignment, image quality, spectral response, frequency calibration, and point spread function. The instrument sensitivity is calibrated by a calibration source providing a spatially homogeneous signal at the attoWatt level. This low light intensity is achieved by geometrical dilution of a 150K source to an integrating sphere. The beam quality and point spread function is measured by a pinhole/mask plate wheel, back-illuminated by a second integrating sphere. This sphere is fed by a stable wide-band source, providing spectral lines via a cryogenic etalon.
Published: 2012
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29. Development of a 2D precision cryogenic chopper for METIS

Author: Lars Venema, R. Huisman, Frank Molster, H. Janssen, Bernhard R. Brandl, Sander Paalvast, and Maurice Teuwen
Subjects: Chopper, Physics, Optics, Duty cycle, business.industry, Angular displacement, Stray light, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Voice coil, Linear actuator, business, Actuator, Position sensor
Abstract: The Mid-infrared E-ELT Imager and Spectrograph, or METIS, is foreseen as the third instrument for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). A key part of METIS is the Cold Chopper (MCC) which switches the optical beam between the target and a nearby reference sky during observation for elimination of the fluctuating IR background signal in post-processing. This paper discusses the development of the MCC demonstrator. The chopper mirror (O64mm) has to tip/tilt in 2D with a combined angle of up to 13.6mrad with 1.7μrad stability and repeatability within 5ms (95% duty cycle at 5Hz) at 80K. As these requirements cannot be met in the presence of friction or backlash, the mirror is guided by a monolithically integrated flexure mechanism. The angular position is actuated by three linear actuators and measured by three linear position sensors, resulting in a fast tip, tilt, and focus mirror. Using the third actuator to introduce symmetry, homogeneity in forces and heat flux is obtained. Both the actuators and the sensors are key components. A voice coil actuator had to be custom designed, to achieve the required acceleration force within the specified 1W heat load. The requirements for the displacement measurement can be met with a commercially available, fiber interferometry system. For integration of this system, stray light elimination is a critical design aspect and retro-reflectors have been used to reflect sufficient power into the fiber at large tip/tilt angles.
Published: 2012
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30. Photonic-crystal waveguides with disorder: Measurement of a band-edge tail in the density of states

Author: Allard Mosk, Georgios Ctistis, Jennifer Lynn Herek, Pepijn W. H. Pinkse, S. Stobbe, Willem L. Vos, Simon R. Huisman, Peter Lodahl, Ad Lagendijk, Optical Sciences, and Complex Photonic Systems
Subjects: Physics, Anderson localization, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter::Other, business.industry, Van Hove singularity, Edge (geometry), Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, METIS-285373, Measure (mathematics), Condensed Matter::Materials Science, symbols.namesake, Fourier transform, Density of states, symbols, Ideal (ring theory), Photonics, business, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: Summary form only given. Photonic-crystal waveguides are excellent model systems to investigate band-gap related phenomena in condensed matter physics. An example is the effect of disorder on the band edge. Even for state-of-the-art systems, the smallest effects of disorder are enhanced in the so-called slow-light regime, eventually leading to Anderson localization and, hence, breakdown of the transport of light. We employ phase-sensitive near-field optical microscopy to measure spatial mode profiles at the band edge of such photonic-crystal waveguides. Both localized and extended modes are found. By spatial Fourier transforms, high-resolution band structures are obtained. From these the optical density of states (DOS) is retrieved. This constitutes a first observation of the DOS of a periodic system with weak disorder. The Van Hove singularity in the DOS, expected at the band edge of an ideal 1D periodic structure, is found to be absent. The Anderson-localized states form a ‘Lifshitz tail’ in the DOS. Our results show the potential of studying band edge phenomena crucial for condensed-matter physics with artificial photonic structures.
Published: 2012
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31. In-orbit performance of Herschel-HIFI

Author: N. Whyborn, Per Bjerkeli, Pieter R. Roelfsema, Dominicus Kester, L. Dubbeldam, Q. Xie, Claudia Comito, Z. Nagy, A. Marston, R. Moreno, J. Rector, C. Gal, M. H. D. van der Wiel, M. Akyilmaz, Christian Leinz, Michael Olberg, Miriam Rengel, Mihkel Kama, T. Klein, D. R. Higgins, Tomasz S. Kaminski, Yoko Okada, E. Sánchez-Suárez, S. Pacheco, G. de Lange, J. Stutzki, I. M. Avruch, W. Salomons, R. Assendorp, Tom Bell, R. Shipman, W. Nowosielski, O. Coeur-Joly, Volker Ossenkopf, Adwin Boogert, C. Kramer, W. M. Laauwen, S. D. Lord, J. C. Pearson, M. Marseille, Rudolf Schieder, Piotr Orleanski, J. Braine, C. K. Wafelbakker, D. Rabois, C. McCoey, Marco Soldati, A. de Jonge, L. Ravera, Charlotte Vastel, Christopher Jarchow, S. Wang, F. Schlöder, F. Flederus, W. Luinge, Pieter Dieleman, Umut A. Yildiz, Robin Lombaert, Christophe Risacher, Emmanuel Caux, Nathan R. Crockett, B. Delforge, M. Melchior, M. De Luca, Willem Jellema, Fabrice Herpin, N. Biver, A. Lorenzani, Thomas G. Phillips, B. Thomas, Patrick W. Morris, K. Wildeman, E. De Beck, P. Zaal, Hideo Sagawa, Jesús Martín-Pintado, K. Edwards, R. Huisman, Colin Borys, M. Caris, Alexander G. G. M. Tielens, Michel Fich, Jacob Kooi, Th. de Graauw, M. Michalska, Z. Makai, M. Xilouris, A. Hoac, Frank Helmich, Thibault Cavalié, F. Schmülling, Bengt Larsson, D. A. Beintema, A. M. di Giorgio, José Cernicharo, Holger S. P. Müller, Bertrand Lefloch, D. Teyssier, Pierre Hily-Blant, SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], foreign laboratories (FL), CERN [Genève], ESO, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2012, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS INSU, UMR 5187, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France, UMR 5187 Toulouse, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, I. Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, SSE 2012, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Astronomy [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA, CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Univ Toulouse UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Centre Etud Spatiale Rayonnements Toulouse, Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Lab Astrofis Mol, Madrid 28850, Spain, Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Lab Astrofis Mol, Madrid, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany, Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universität zu Köln, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Astronomy, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Heterodyne, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Instrumentation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ASTRONOMY, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Methods observational, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Orbit (dynamics), Calibration, methods: observational, space vehicles: instruments, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, instrumentation: spectrographs
Abstract: International audience; Aims: In this paper the calibration and in-orbit performance of the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) is described. Methods: The calibration of HIFI is based on a combination of ground and in-flight tests. Dedicated ground tests to determine those instrument parameters that can only be measured accurately using controlled laboratory stimuli were carried out in the instrument level test (ILT) campaign. Special in-flight tests during the commissioning phase (CoP) and performance verification (PV) allowed the determination of the remaining instrument parameters. The various instrument observing modes, as specified in astronomical observation templates (AOTs), were validated in parallel during PV by observing selected celestial sources. Results: The initial calibration and in-orbit performance of HIFI has been established. A first estimate of the calibration budget is given. The overall in-flight instrument performance agrees with the original specification. Issues remain at only a few frequencies. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.
Published: 2012
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32. Signature of a three-dimensional photonic band gap observed on silicon inverse woodpile photonic crystals

Author: Allard Mosk, Léon A. Woldering, Simon R. Huisman, Merel D. Leistikow, Rajesh V. Nair, Willem L. Vos, and Complex Photonic Systems
Subjects: Materials science, Silicon, business.industry, Band gap, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, Condensed Matter Physics, Yablonovite, Spectral line, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Numerical aperture, Crystal, Optics, chemistry, Optoelectronics, Direct and indirect band gaps, business, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics), Photonic crystal
Abstract: We have studied the reflectivity of CMOS-compatible three-dimensional silicon inverse woodpile photonic crystals at near-infrared frequencies. Polarization-resolved reflectivity spectra were obtained from two orthogonal crystal surfaces corresponding to 1.88 pi sr solid angle. The spectra reveal broad peaks with high reflectivity up to 67 % that are independent of the spatial position on the crystals. The spectrally overlapping reflectivity peaks for all directions and polarizations form the signature of a broad photonic band gap with a relative bandwidth up to 16 %. This signature is supported with stopgaps in plane wave bandstructure calculations and with the frequency region of the expected band gap., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2011

33. Orbital character variation of the Fermi surface and doping dependent changes of the dimensionality inBaFe2−xCoxAs2from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Author: Andreas Erb, Harald Olaf Jeschke, Mark S. Golden, Andrei Varykhalov, Ruslan Ovsyannikov, Andrei Gloskovskii, Setti Thirupathaiah, Hermann A. Dürr, Yu Zhong Zhang, Rolf Follath, S. de Jong, Jörg Fink, Yingkai Huang, R. Huisman, and Roser Valentí
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Photoemission spectroscopy, Fermi level, Inverse photoemission spectroscopy, Fermi surface, Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, Electronic structure, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, symbols.namesake, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, symbols, Antiferromagnetism, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Atomic physics
Abstract: From a combination of high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional calculations, we derive information on the dimensionality and the orbital character of the electronic states of ${\text{BaFe}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Co}}_{x}{\text{As}}_{2}$. Upon increasing Co doping, the electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level take on increasingly three-dimensional character. Both the orbital variation with ${k}_{z}$ and the more three-dimensional nature of the doped compounds have important consequences for the nesting conditions and thus possibly also for the appearance of antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases.
Published: 2010
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34. The Herschel-Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI)

Author: Brian Jackson, B. Kopf, R. Bieber, R. Güsten, A. M. di Giorgio, J. A. Stern, Holger S. P. Müller, B. J. van Leeuwen, G. S. Liu, R. Orfei, Neal R. Erickson, R. Lai, B. Delforges, Wolfgang Wild, Christian Leinz, O. Coeur-Joly, J. Desbat, David Teyssier, S. D. Lord, Karl Jacobs, Bruce Bumble, Lorene Samoska, M. Rataj, R. H. Lin, Dominicus Kester, M. Salez, X. Tielens, Alexandre Karpov, Paolo Saraceno, K. Edwards, R. Huisman, A. Megej, K. F. Schuster, Michel Fich, L. Dubbeldam, Serguei Cherednichenko, H. Golstein, Christian Monstein, J. A. Murphy, C. van Baaren, Victor Belitsky, P. Planesas, E. Natale, Michael Olberg, Lorenzo Piazzo, T. Peacock, Martin Eggens, Emmanuel Caux, W. A. Hatch, Neil Trappe, Hubregt J. Visser, Herbert Zirath, Jaap Evers, S. Phillip-May, Alain Maestrini, Hamid Javadi, Jacob Kooi, Th. de Graauw, F. Schmülling, E. C. Honingh, C. McCoey, J. C. Pearson, W. Luinge, I. Lopez-Fernandez, W. M. Laauwen, M. Michalska, Bengt Larsson, S. Wulff, John Gill, René Liseau, Volker Ossenkopf, Colin Borys, B. Kruizenga, Rafael Teipen, C. Kramer, A. Cros, H. Goulooze, P. Cais, W. Nowosielski, Goutam Chattopadhyay, M. Stokroos, Rafael Bachiller, F. Zwart, C. Gal, Piotr Orleanski, J. Kawamura, H. Smit, O. Siebertz, H. Aarts, Francesco Nuzzolo, L. Meinsma, Jonas Zmuidzinas, R. Assendorp, D. A. Beintema, H. van de Stadt, Jesús Martín-Pintado, G. de Lange, Ryszard Szczerba, Erich Schlecht, R. Higgins, Christophe Risacher, Patrick W. Morris, H. Jacobs, Christopher Jarchow, Willem Jellema, Pieter Dieleman, Todd Gaier, B. Franke, J. Stutzki, Imran Mehdi, Th. Klein, Harald Franz Arno Merkel, T. Finn, M. Justen, P.R. Wesselius, M. Ciechanowicz, T. M. Klapwijk, Hans-Joachim Wunsch, C. Comito, P. Zaal, Erik L. Kollberg, C. Diez-Gonzalez, T. den Boggende, John Ward, Jian-Rong Gao, Pasquale Cerulli-Irelli, C. Kasemann, T. Kuhn, Frank Helmich, K. Wildeman, Henry G. LeDuc, L. Ravera, Frank Maiwald, Y. Delorme, D. Moratschke, F. Schlöder, J. M. Krieg, M. Olbrich, A. Marston, Juan Daniel Gallego, P.-P. Kooiman, E. Steinmetz, T. Gunsing, A. Naber, M. Melchior, Geert Keizer, M. Schultz, I. Peron, S. Gauffre, C. K. Wafelbakker, N. Whyborn, M. Krause, T. Tils, Alexander Loose, A. de Jonge, Pieter R. Roelfsema, Rudolf Schieder, M. Caris, S. Glenz, A. Barcia, W. Baechtold, Paul Hartogh, R. Shipman, Adwin Boogert, Arnold O. Benz, Thomas G. Phillips, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Chalmers University of Technology [Gothenburg, Sweden], Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Leibniz Institute for Crystal Growth, Leibniz Institute, Technische Universität Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (ZBMZ), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], ESO, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphäre - Troposphäre (ICG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Herschel Science Center [Madrid], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Technische Universität Darmstadt - Technical University of Darmstadt (TU Darmstadt), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)-Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), TNO Industrie en Techniek, and Astronomy
Subjects: Experimental Physics, Local oscillator, Observatories, Orbits, general [Submillimeter], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, spectroscopic [Techniques], law.invention, Far infrared, Spectrographs, law, spectrographs [Instrumentation], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, instrumentation: spectrographs, Physics, Spectrometers, submillimeter: general, Bolometers, Correlators, methods: observational, infrared: general, Heterodyne, Frequency band, Submillimeter: generals, Instantaneous phase, Radio spectrum, Optics, Mixers (machinery), 0103 physical sciences, Frequency bands, observational [Methods], 010306 general physics, Remote sensing, techniques: spectroscopic, Spectrometer, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Bolometer, generals [Submillimeter], Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Launching, general [Infrared], Space and Planetary Science, Heterodyning, Instruments, business
Abstract: International audience; Aims: This paper describes the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) that was launched onboard ESA's Herschel Space Observatory in May 2009. Methods: The instrument is a set of 7 heterodyne receivers that are electronically tuneable, covering 480-1250 GHz with SIS mixers and the 1410-1910 GHz range with hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. The local oscillator (LO) subsystem comprises a Ka-band synthesizer followed by 14 chains of frequency multipliers and 2 chains for each frequency band. A pair of auto-correlators and a pair of acousto-optical spectrometers process the two IF signals from the dual-polarization, single-pixel front-ends to provide instantaneous frequency coverage of 2 × 4 GHz, with a set of resolutions (125 kHz to 1 MHz) that are better than 0.1 km s-1. Results: After a successful qualification and a pre-launch TB/TV test program, the flight instrument is now in-orbit and completed successfully the commissioning and performance verification phase. The in-orbit performance of the receivers matches the pre-launch sensitivities. We also report on the in-orbit performance of the receivers and some first results of HIFI's operations. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.
Published: 2010
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35. The origin of the [C II] emission in the S140 photon-dominated regions. New insights from HIFI

Author: C. Dedes, M. Röllig, B. Mookerjea, Y. Okada, V. Ossenkopf, S. Bruderer, A. O. Benz, M. Melchior, C. Kramer, M. Gerin, R. Güsten, M. Akyilmaz, O. Berne, F. Boulanger, G. De Lange, L. Dubbeldam, K. France, A. Fuente, J. R. Goicoechea, A. Harris, R. Huisman, W. Jellema, C. Joblin, T. Klein, F. Le Petit, S. Lord, P. Martin, J. Martin-Pintado, D. A. Neufeld, S. Philipp, T. Phillips, P. Pilleri, J. R. Rizzo, M. Salez, R. Schieder, R. Simon, O. Siebertz, J. Stutzki, F. van der Tak, D. Teyssier, H. Yorke, Institute of Astronomy [ETH Zürich], Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Physikalisches Institut [Köln], Universität zu Köln, KOSMA, I. Physikalisches Institut, foreign laboratories (FL), CERN [Genève], Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Instituto de RadioAstronomía Milimétrica (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division for Submm Technologies, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy [Boulder] (CASA), University of Colorado [Boulder], Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN), oan, CRUK Medical Oncology Unit, The Churchill Hospital, Univ Toulouse UPS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Centre Etud Spatiale Rayonnements Toulouse, CITA, University of Toronto, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Astronomy
Subjects: Photon, ISM: structure, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, CARBON, photon-dominated region (PDR), 0103 physical sciences, OUTFLOW, 0101 mathematics, Spectral resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Line (formation), Physics, STAR-FORMING REGIONS, ISM: kinematics and dynamics, MASS-SPECTRA, S140-IRS-1, photon, Astronomy and Astrophysics, submillimeter: general, Ionization front, FIELDS, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, ISM: molecules, CONTINUUM, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, dominated region (PDR), MOLECULAR CLOUDS, S 140, Outflow, S-140/L-1204, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Using Herschel's HIFI instrument we have observed [C II] along a cut through S140 and high-J transitions of CO and HCO+ at two positions on the cut, corresponding to the externally irradiated ionization front and the embedded massive star forming core IRS1. The HIFI data were combined with available ground-based observations and modeled using the KOSMA-tau model for photon dominated regions. Here we derive the physical conditions in S140 and in particular the origin of [C II] emission around IRS1. We identify three distinct regions of [C II] emission from the cut, one close to the embedded source IRS1, one associated with the ionization front and one further into the cloud. The line emission can be understood in terms of a clumpy model of photon-dominated regions. At the position of IRS1, we identify at least two distinct components contributing to the [C II] emission, one of them a small, hot component, which can possibly be identified with the irradiated outflow walls. This is consistent with the fact that the [C II] peak at IRS1 coincides with shocked H2 emission at the edges of the outflow cavity. We note that previously available observations of IRS1 can be well reproduced by a single-component KOSMA-tau model. Thus it is HIFI's unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, as well as its sensitivity which has allowed us to uncover an additional hot gas component in the S140 region.
Published: 2010
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36. Pseudogap-less high-Tc superconductivity in BaCoxFe2−xAs2

Author: Mark S. Golden, H. Luigjes, S. de Jong, J. B. Goedkoop, J. Kaas, F. Massee, Y. K. Huang, R. Huisman, E. van Heumen, and Hard Condensed Matter (WZI, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Length scale, High-temperature superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Scanning tunneling spectroscopy, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, law.invention, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), law, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Cuprate, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Pseudogap, Pnictogen, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: The pseudogap state is one of the peculiarities of the cuprate high temperature superconductors. Here we investigate its presence in BaCo$_{x}$Fe$_{2-x}$As$_{2}$, a member of the pnictide family, with temperature dependent scanning tunneling spectroscopy. We observe that for under, optimally and overdoped systems the gap in the tunneling spectra always closes at the bulk T$_{c}$, ruling out the presence of a pseudogap state. For the underdoped case we observe superconducting gaps over large fields of view, setting a lower limit of tens of nanometers on the length scale of possible phase separated regions., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2010
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37. Origin of the hot gas in low-mass protostars: Herschel-PACS spectroscopy of HH 46

Author: T. Giannini, Patrick W. Morris, R. Shipman, Javier R. Goicoechea, A. Di Giorgio, Michael J. Kaufman, S. F. Wampfler, Sylvain Bontemps, René Liseau, Simon Bruderer, Ruud Visser, Fabrice Herpin, Mario Tafalla, R. H. Lin, Rafael Bachiller, F. F. S. van der Tak, Rene Plume, P. Saraceno, Christophe Risacher, Michel Fich, M. Marseille, Asunción Fuente, Arnold O. Benz, T. Jacq, Pierre Encrenaz, Th. de Graauw, Gregory J. Herczeg, T. A. van Kempen, Jes K. Jørgensen, Steven D. Doty, John C. Pearson, John Anthony Murphy, Jonathan Braine, E. F. van Dishoeck, Umut A. Yildiz, Neil Trappe, Doug Johnstone, Berengere Parise, Edwin Bergin, Per Bjerkeli, G. Melnick, S. Glenz, M. Benedettini, Christian Brinch, C. McCoey, Frank Helmich, R. Huisman, M. Ciechanowicz, F. Daniel, B. Larsson, Friedrich Wyrowski, Geoffrey A. Blake, Brunella Nisini, José Cernicharo, Alain Baudry, David A. Neufeld, Dariusz C. Lis, Michael Olberg, L. Dubbeldam, Lars E. Kristensen, J. Santiago-Garcia, Claudio Codella, Carsten Dominik, Paola Caselli, Michiel R. Hogerheijde, Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University [Cambridge], Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ESO, European Southern Observatory (ESO), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Harvard University-Smithsonian Institution, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), and Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Subjects: Experimental Physics, Young stellar object, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, I, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, Protostar, WATER, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, OUTFLOW, 14. Life underwater, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Line (formation), Envelope (waves), QB, Physics, stars: formation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], astrochemistry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, HH-46/47, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], ISM: molecules, ISM: jets and outflows, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ISM: individual objects: HH 46, JETS, SHOCK, Outflow, Low Mass, EMISSION
Abstract: 'Water in Star-forming regions with Herschel' (WISH) is a Herschel Key Programme aimed at understanding the physical and chemical structure of young stellar objects (YSOs) with a focus on water and related species. The low-mass protostar HH 46 was observed with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) on the Herschel Space Observatory to measure emission in H2O, CO, OH, [OI], and [CII] lines located between 63 and 186 um. The excitation and spatial distribution of emission can disentangle the different heating mechanisms of YSOs, with better spatial resolution and sensitivity than previously possible. Far-IR line emission is detected at the position of the protostar and along the outflow axis. The OH emission is concentrated at the central position, CO emission is bright at the central position and along the outflow, and H2O emission is concentrated in the outflow. In addition, [OI] emission is seen in low-velocity gas, assumed to be related to the envelope, and is also seen shifted up to 170 km/s in both the red- and blue-shifted jets. Envelope models are constructed based on previous observational constraints. They indicate that passive heating of a spherical envelope by the protostellar luminosity cannot explain the high-excitation molecular gas detected with PACS, including CO lines with upper levels at >2500 K above the ground state. Instead, warm CO and H2O emission is probably produced in the walls of an outflow-carved cavity in the envelope, which are heated by UV photons and non-dissociative C-type shocks. The bright OH and [OI] emission is attributed to J-type shocks in dense gas close to the protostar. In the scenario described here, the combined cooling by far-IR lines within the central spatial pixel is estimated to be 2 \times 10-2 L_sun, with 60-80% attributed to J- and C-type shocks produced by interactions between the jet and the envelope., Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (Herschel special issue)
Published: 2010
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38. Droplet-like Fermi surfaces in the anti-ferromagnetic phase of EuFe$_2$As$_2$, an Fe-pnictide superconductor parent compound

Author: Ming Shi, Philipp Gegenwart, Andrei Varykhalov, Setti Thirupathaiah, Rolf Follath, H. A. Duerr, J. Fink, S. de Jong, Andreas Erb, Hirale S. Jeevan, Andrei Gloskovskii, F. Massee, L. Patthey, Mark S. Golden, J. B. Goedkoop, R. Huisman, E. van Heumen, Ruslan Ovsyannikov, and Hard Condensed Matter (WZI, IoP, FNWI)
Subjects: Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Transition temperature, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum oscillations, FOS: Physical sciences, Fermi surface, Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, Brillouin zone, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Paramagnetism, Tetragonal crystal system, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Spin density wave, ddc:530, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: Using angle resolved photoemission it is shown that the low lying electronic states of the iron pnictide parent compound EuFe$_2$As$_2$ are strongly modified in the magnetically ordered, low temperature, orthorhombic state compared to the tetragonal, paramagnetic case above the spin density wave transition temperature. Back-folded bands, reflected in the orthorhombic/ anti-ferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary hybridize strongly with the non-folded states, leading to the opening of energy gaps. As a direct consequence, the large Fermi surfaces of the tetragonal phase fragment, the low temperature Fermi surface being comprised of small droplets, built up of electron and hole-like sections. These high resolution ARPES data are therefore in keeping with quantum oscillation and optical data from other undoped pnictide parent compounds., 4 figures, 6 pages
Published: 2009

39. Nanoscale superconducting-gap variations and lack of phase separation in optimally dopedBaFe1.86Co0.14As2

Author: Yingkai Huang, Mark S. Golden, J. B. Goedkoop, F. Massee, R. Huisman, and S. de Jong
Subjects: Physics, Superconducting coherence length, Superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Doping, Conductance, Electronic structure, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Ion, law, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Scanning tunneling microscope, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: We present tunneling data from superconducting ${\text{BaFe}}_{1.86}{\text{Co}}_{0.14}{\text{As}}_{2}$ and its parent compound, ${\text{BaFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$. In the superconductor, clear coherencelike peaks are seen across the whole field of view, and their analysis reveals nanoscale variations in the superconducting gap value, $\ensuremath{\Delta}$. The average peak-to-peak separation gives a $2\ensuremath{\Delta}$ of $\ensuremath{\sim}7.4{k}_{B}{T}_{c}$, which exceeds the BCS weak coupling value for either $s$- or $d$-wave superconductivity. The characteristic length scales of the deviations from the average gap value and of anticorrelations observed between the gap magnitude and both the zero-bias conductance and coherence peak strength match well with the average separation between the Co dopant ions in the superconducting FeAs planes.
Published: 2009
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40. High-resolution, hard x-ray photoemission investigation ofBaFe2As2: Moderate influence of the surface and evidence for a low degree ofFe 3d–As 4phybridization of electronic states near the Fermi energy

Author: Setti Thirupathaiah, F. Schaefers, F. Massee, R. Huisman, Mihaela Gorgoi, J. B. Goedkoop, Mark S. Golden, S. de Jong, Rolf Follath, and Yingkai Huang
Subjects: Superconductivity, Physics, Valence (chemistry), Condensed matter physics, Inverse photoemission spectroscopy, Fermi level, Fermi energy, Electronic structure, Photon energy, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, symbols.namesake, symbols, Atomic physics, Pnictogen
Abstract: Photoemission data taken with hard x-ray radiation on cleaved single crystals of the barium parent compound of the $M{\text{Fe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ pnictide high-temperature superconductor family are presented. Making use of the increased bulk sensitivity upon hard x-ray excitation, and comparing the results to data taken at conventional vacuum ultraviolet photoemission excitation energies, it is shown that the ${\text{BaFe}}_{2}{\text{As}}_{2}$ cleavage surface provides an electrostatic environment that is slightly different to the bulk, most likely in the form of a modified Madelung potential. However, as the data argue against a different surface doping level, and the surface-related features in the spectra are by no means as dominating as seen in systems such as ${\text{YBa}}_{2}{\text{Cu}}_{3}{\text{O}}_{x}$, we can conclude that the itinerant, near-${E}_{F}$ electronic states are almost unaffected by the existence of the cleavage surface. Furthermore, exploiting the strong changes in photoionization cross section between the Fe and As states across the wide photon energy range employed, it is shown that the degree of energetic overlap between the iron $3d$ and arsenic $4p$ valence bands is particularly small at the Fermi level, which can only mean a very low degree of hybridization between the $\text{Fe}\text{ }3d$ and $\text{As}\text{ }4p$ states near and at ${E}_{F}$. Consequently, this means that the itinerancy of the charge carriers in this group of materials involves mainly the $\text{Fe}\text{ }3d\text{-Fe}\text{ }3d$ overlap integrals with at best a minor role for the $\text{Fe}\text{ }3d\text{-As}\text{ }4p$ hopping parameters and that the states which support superconductivity upon doping are essentially of $\text{Fe}\text{ }3d$ character.
Published: 2009
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41. A bridge between the single-photon and squeezed-vacuum state

Author: S. R. Huisman, Nitin Jain, Erwan Bimbard, A. I. Lvovsky, Complex Photonic Systems, and Faculty of Science and Technology
Subjects: Optics and Photonics, Photon, Vacuum, Vacuum state, Physics::Optics, FOS: Physical sciences, Beam splitting, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Parametric statistics, Physics, Quantum Physics, Electronic Data Processing, Photons, business.industry, Equipment Design, Models, Theoretical, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Direct-conversion receiver, Quantum Theory, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Beam splitter, Squeezed coherent state
Abstract: The two modes of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen quadrature entangled state generated by parametric down-conversion interfere on a beam splitter of variable splitting ratio. Detection of a photon in one of the beam splitter output channels heralds preparation of a signal state in the other, which is characterized using homodyne tomography. By controlling the beam splitting ratio, the signal state can be chosen anywhere between the single-photon and squeezed state.
Published: 2009
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42. The Herschel-Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI): instrument and pre-launch testing

Author: Michel Perault, René Liseau, Hubregt J. Visser, C. Kramer, Rudolf Schieder, Do Kester, L. Ravera, Jon Kawamura, Anthony Murphy, Bob Kruizenga, Xander Tielens, Fabrice Herpin, Nicolas Biver, Douwe Beintema, Thijs de Graauw, Willem Jellema, Jean-Michel Krieg, P. Planesas, Peer Zaal, L. Dubbeldam, John Ward, Claudia Comito, Emmanuel Dartois, Klaas Wildeman, Patrick W. Morris, Rolf Güsten, David Teyssier, John Pearson, Sabine Phillip, Rafael Moreno, N. Honingh, Gert de Lange, Willem Luinge, R. Shipman, Harald Franz Arno Merkel, H. Jacobs, Albert Naber, Frank Schmuelling, Steve Lord, Bengt Larsson, Adwin Boogert, H. Aarts, Volker Ossenkopf, Charlotte Vastel, Kees Wafelbakker, Teun M. Klapwijk, Christian Leinz, Ian Delorme, Pieter Dieleman, Piotr Orleanski, Anna DiGiorgio, Mirek Rataj, Anthony Marston, Sergey Cherednichenko, Frank Helmich, Roonan Higgins, Jürgen Stutzki, W. M. Laauwen, Albrecht de Jonge, M. Fich, Jesús Martín-Pintado, Arnold O. Benz, Thomas G. Phillips, Ryszard Szczerba, Odile Coeur-Joly, T. Klein, Francois Boulanger, Peter Roelfsema, Paolo Saraceno, K. Edwards, R. Huisman, Nick Whyborn, Micheal Olberg, Jacob Kooi, Emmanuel Caux, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Chalmers University of Technology [Gothenburg, Sweden], Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of physical chemistry, Uppsala University, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrodynamique, d'astrophysique et d'aéronomie de bordeaux (L3AB), Institute of Medical Technology and Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere [Finland], Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), KOSMA, I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique (IMEP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), CSIRO Materials Sciences and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, Laboratoire de Radioastronomie (LRA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Photonics Centre, University College Cork (UCC), Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Oschmann, Jacobus M., Jr., de Graauw, Mattheus W. M., MacEwen, Howard A., Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Heterodyne, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], business.industry, Frequency band, Local oscillator, Bolometer, Superheterodyne receiver, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Radio spectrum, law.invention, Optics, Far infrared, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Ka band, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Remote sensing
Abstract: International audience; This paper describes the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI), to be launched onboard of ESA's Herschel Space Observatory, by 2008. It includes the first results from the instrument level tests. The instrument is designed to be electronically tuneable over a wide and continuous frequency range in the Far Infrared, with velocity resolutions better than 0.1 km/s with a high sensitivity. This will enable detailed investigations of a wide variety of astronomical sources, ranging from solar system objects, star formation regions to nuclei of galaxies. The instrument comprises 5 frequency bands covering 480-1150 GHz with SIS mixers and a sixth dual frequency band, for the 1410-1910 GHz range, with Hot Electron Bolometer Mixers (HEB). The Local Oscillator (LO) subsystem consists of a dedicated Ka-band synthesizer followed by 7 times 2 chains of frequency multipliers, 2 chains for each frequency band. A pair of Auto-Correlators and a pair of Acousto-Optic spectrometers process the two IF signals from the dual-polarization front-ends to provide instantaneous frequency coverage of 4 GHz, with a set of resolutions (140 kHz to 1 MHz), better than < 0.1 km/s. After a successful qualification program, the flight instrument was delivered and entered the testing phase at satellite level. We will also report on the pre-flight test and calibration results together with the expected in-flight performance.
Published: 2008
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43. Comparison of near-field measurements and electromagnetic simulations of the focal plane unit of the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared

Author: Massimo Candotti, J. A. Murphy, Timothy J. Finn, Neil Trappe, Wolfgang Wild, R. Huisman, Stafford Withington, Willem Jellema, and Astronomy
Subjects: Heterodyne, Diffraction, Electromagnetic field, Physics, Wavelength, Optics, Cardinal point, Far infrared, Field (physics), business.industry, Near and far field, business
Abstract: The Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared (HIFI) of the ESA cornerstone mission Herschel is required to operate at wavelengths between 157 and 625 μm. Because of the long-wavelength character, and the complexity and modularity of the optical design, there is a clear need for accurate electromagnetic simulations supported by experimental verification. The need for a compact layout in order to reduce mass and volume as far as possible has important optical consequences. Several mirrors are illuminated in the propagating near-field rather than in the far-field. Consequently the classical geometrical design and analysis approach is inadequate. The long-wavelength character of the system can not be ignored and the associated diffraction effects inevitably become important. In this paper we describe the results of electromagnetic simulations of the optical system for band 1 of HIFI at a wavelength of 625 μm. In order to verify the results of the front-to-end coherent propagation of the detector beams, near-field facilities capable of measuring both amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic field have been developed. A unique feature of these facilities is that the absolute coordinates of the measured field components are known within a fraction of a wavelength. Therefore a true comparison with theoretical predictions can be made. We compare measurement data taken at 625 μm with simulations and discuss to what extent measured and simulated results may be expected to agree. We conclude by presenting the consequences of our observations in terms of system performance.
Published: 2004

44. Adventures in international financial markets

Author: R. Huisman, Koedijk, Cornelis, Kool, Clemens, Palm, Franz, and RS: GSBE
Published: 1999
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45. HPLC determination of caffeine and theophylline by direct serum injection

Author: P J, Helmsing, R, Huisman, and A, van der Weele
Subjects: Theophylline, Caffeine, Humans, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Published: 1993

46. Northeast Atlantic breakup volcanism and consequences for Paleogene climate change – MagellanPlus Workshop report

Author: C. Berndt, S. Planke, D. Teagle, R. Huismans, T. Torsvik, J. Frieling, M. T. Jones, D. A. Jerram, C. Tegner, J. I. Faleide, H. Coxall, and W.-L. Hong
Subjects: Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: The northeast Atlantic encompasses archetypal examples of volcanic rifted margins. Twenty-five years after the last ODP (Ocean Drilling Program) leg on these volcanic margins, the reasons for excess melting are still disputed with at least three competing hypotheses being discussed. We are proposing a new drilling campaign that will constrain the timing, rates of volcanism, and vertical movements of rifted margins. This will allow us to parameterise geodynamic models that can distinguish between the hypotheses. Furthermore, the drilling-derived data will help us to understand the role of breakup magmatism as a potential driver for the Palaeocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and its influence on the oceanographic circulation in the earliest phase of the northeast Atlantic Ocean formation. Tackling these questions with a new drilling campaign in the northeast Atlantic region will advance our understanding of the long-term interactions between tectonics, volcanism, oceanography, and climate and the functioning of subpolar northern ecosystems and climate during intervals of extreme warmth.
Published: 2019
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47. Water-Induced Changes in Structure and Properties of Gel-Spun Polyvinylalcohol Fibers

Author: G. J. Jongerden and R. Huisman
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Fundamental study, Draw ratio, Materials science, Natural rubber, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Polymer, Composite material, Tenacity (mineralogy)
Abstract: In the research laboratories of the Fibers and Polymers Division of Akzo in Arnhem, the Netherlands, a gelspinning process has been developed by means of which fibers of polyvinylalcohol (PVAL) are produced with a high tenacity combined with a high dimensional stability. Such a combination of mechanical properties is required for many industrial applications of yarns, e.g. reinforcement of mechanical rubber goods or coated fabrics. Other requirements that have to be met for practical applications can be the dynamic mechanical behaviour with respect to fatigue and, especially in the case of PVAL fibers/ the resistance to water attack. The present study to be presented at the Rolduc conference is concerned with this latter problem, the water stability. To get more insight into the backgrounds of this phenomenon, it was decided to start a fundamental study in this field.
Published: 1991
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48. HPLC determination of caffeine and theophylline by direct serum injection

Author: A van der Weele, R Huisman, and P J Helmsing
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Chromatography, Chemistry, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, medicine, Theophylline, Caffeine, High-performance liquid chromatography, medicine.drug
Published: 1993
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49. Quantitative information from x-ray diffraction of nylon-6 yarns. I. Development of a model for the analytical description of equatorial x-ray profiles

Author: H. M. Heuvel, R. Huisman, and K. C. J. B. Lind
Subjects: Materials science, Computer program, Basis (linear algebra), business.industry, Lorentz transformation, Gauss, Mathematical analysis, General Engineering, Cauchy distribution, Function (mathematics), symbols.namesake, Optics, symbols, Reduction (mathematics), business, Diffractometer
Abstract: A wide-angle x-ray method has been developed by which quantitative structural information can be obtained on nylon-6 yarns. To this end, experimental equatorial diffractometer scans measured in transmission were fitted to a mathematical model describing the profiles as the envelopes of three bell-shaped functions. Four different models were investigated using, respectively, Gauss, Lorentz (Cauchy), Logistic, and Pearson-VII functions. The last model, which can be regarded as a generalized Lorentz function, gave the best fit. On the basis of a statistical analysis of the results of well-separated x-ray peaks, two parameters could be fixed. Another reduction of the number of parameters was achieved by interrelating the peak areas of the two outer reflections. These reductions widened the applicability of a computer program based on the aforementioned model to highly overlapping x-ray peaks. So the whole variety of x-ray scans, which can be obtained from nylon-6 yarns made under widely varying process conditions, can be well described. The fitting procedures provide unique solutions and hence objectively determined parameters.
Published: 1976
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50. Effect of winding speed on the physical structure of as-spun poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers, including orientation-induced crystallization

Author: H. M. Heuvel and R. Huisman
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, Ethylene, Polymers and Plastics, General Chemistry, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, law.invention, Amorphous solid, chemistry.chemical_compound, Differential scanning calorimetry, chemistry, law, Orientation (geometry), Materials Chemistry, Molecule, Composite material, Crystallization, Poly ethylene
Abstract: As-spun fibers of poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, made at winding speeds ranging from 2000 to 6000 m/min exhibit quite different physical structures. Yarns wound at relatively low speeds are amorphous, whereas those spun at high speeds contain well-developed crystals of closely packed molecules. In this study the structures have been characterized by means of various techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, density, and pulse propagation measurements. Based on the results obtained, an arrangement of the molecules in the various yarns is proposed. It is shown that these arrangements can account for the extreme wide variety in contraction behavior found experimentally. Finally, the results obtained are compared with those of other investigations into orientation-induced crystallization.
Published: 1978
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