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1. Assessment for Project-Based Courses

Author

James R. Fugate

Subjects
PBL, Project Based Learning, Assessment, Examination, SOTL, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691
Abstract

A project-based course is where students engage in a series of projects, which help lead students to a defined level of skill as specified in the course goals. Unlike a traditional lecture course where students are given examinations to assess the level of student knowledge and understanding, a project-based course may not include any formal examination. The assessment of student progress is often based on the quality of course projects. For this research, students in project-based courses were given a formal exam at the end of the course. The objective of the exam was to determine if there was a discrepancy between student performance on the exam and their projects. While the majority of students performed remarkably similarly on their exam and projects, a number of students (25%) did perform quite differently. This study demonstrated that examinations are still a critical tool for assessing student skill level in project-based courses.A project-based course is where students engage in a series of projects, which help lead students to a defined level of skill as specified in the course goals. Unlike a traditional lecture course where students are given examinations to assess the level of student knowledge and understanding, a project-based course may not include any formal examination. The assessment of student progress is often based on the quality of course projects. For this research, students in project-based courses were given a formal exam at the end of the course. The objective of the exam was to determine if there was a discrepancy between student performance on the exam and their projects. While the majority of students performed remarkably similarly on their exam and projects, a number of students (25%) did perform quite differently. This study demonstrated that examinations are still a critical tool for assessing student skill level in project-based courses.

Published
2018
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4. Improving Labor Neuraxial Analgesia by Reducing Anesthesia Provider Practice Variance Involving Routine Platelet Counts: A Quantitative Quality Improvement Project

Author

Thomas R. Walter, Stephanie R. Fugate, James F. Titch, and Paul M. Johnson

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Quality management, business.industry, Health Policy, Anesthesia, medicine, Variance (accounting), Intensive care medicine, business, General Nursing
Abstract

For this quality improvement (QI) project, the desired outcomes were the reduction of the incidences of withheld neuraxial analgesia (NA) for healthy parturients and the adoption of evidence-based practice (EBP) by the anesthesia providers (APs). The practice change was designed using the diffusion of innovations in health service organizations change model. The 3 interventions used to achieve the outcomes of the project were (a) revision of the anesthesia service’s standard operating procedure (SOP) to incorporate recent recommendations addressing platelet count limits for parturients, (b) addition of a clinical decision reminder in the patient’s electronic medical record (EMR), and (c) educating obstetrical APs about the new SOP and updated EMR.Outcomes were measured using pre- and postimplementation surveys of the staff who work on the labor and delivery ward to evaluate AP practice variance and a modified EBP Implementation Scale to measure the adoption of the evidence by the APs. The QI project was successful in reducing practice variance and resulted in fewer incidences of withheld NA for healthy parturients, and 57.1% of the APs reported changing their practice by adopting the evidence for this project.

Published
2015

5. Gender reassignment surgery and the gynecological patient

Author

Stephanie R Fugate, Milo L. Hibbert, and Christina C. Apodaca

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Reconstructive surgery, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General surgery, Population, Levothyroxine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Physical examination, medicine.disease, Surgery, Gender reassignment surgery, Transsexual, Breast cancer, medicine, Family history, business, education, General Nursing, medicine.drug
Abstract

With the increasing number of open transsexuals in the population and the advances in reconstructive surgical techniques, gender reassignment surgery has been increasing since the 1960s. Secondary to the increase in patients undergoing gender reassignment surgery, the practicing gynecologist is more likely to encounter a transsexual patient. A 49-year-old, nulligravid, white female presented to the gynecology clinic for her annual gynecological exam. Her past surgical history was significant for male to female gender reassignment surgery in 1991. Her hormonal medications included levothyroxine and estrogen. She described a strong family history of breast cancer for which she was being followed in our institutional Breast Watch Clinic. On physical examination, findings were notable for surgically constructed female external genitalia and a neovagina. The rectal exam was normal and failed to demonstrate any prostate pathology. It is important for the experienced gynecologist to be familiar with transsexualism, the reconstructive surgery involved, the surgical complications, and gender identity support groups and clinics available to these patients. Transsexuals should be treated to the extent possible like other female gynecological patients, while care is taken not to overlook underlying or preexisting medical conditions, including conditions unique to the prior and new genders.

Published
2001

6. Deep Impact: Observations from a Worldwide Earth-Based Campaign

Author

Jean Manfroid, Miroslav Filipovic, Christiaan Sterken, Maria Teresa Capria, M. J. S. Belton, N. Ageorges, U.W. Kamath, L. M. Woodney, Randy D. Campbell, Tomohiko Sekiguchi, Diane H. Wooden, Tetsuharu Fuse, Nicholas B. Suntzeff, S.K. Pandea, Michael J. Mumma, Jacques Crovisier, Emmanuel Jehin, Itsuki Sakon, R. Fugate, H. U. Kaufl, D. Fong, L. Barrera, Anita L. Cochran, Ivo Saviane, Jeremy Bailey, K. von Braun, R. Barrena, G. Ruch, G. R. Stecklein, Sunao Hasegawa, Miquel Serra-Ricart, J. Watanabe, T. Carroll, Damien Hutsemekers, Brian M. Patten, Ronald L. Snell, R. G. Sharp, Takuya Fujiyoshi, S. Fisher, Geraint H. Jones, R. Cleis, Scott J. Wolk, Geoffrey A. Blake, Toshihiko Kadono, Susan M. Lederer, Michael F. A'Hearn, David J. Wilner, William F. Welsh, Daisuke Kinoshita, S.D. Rodgers, L. Dundon, J.-H. Wu, Marc W. Buie, Jianguo Li, Luisa Lara, Yanga R. Fernandez, Paul A. Jones, Wiphu Rujopakarn, Geronimo L. Villanueva, Michael G. Burton, Ramprasad Rao, Florian Kerber, Takaki Miyata, S. M. Larson, Stephen C. Lowry, Remi A. Cabanac, J. Debuizer, Richard J. Wainscoat, Paul R. Weissman, D. K. Sahu, Heike Rauer, Ellen S. Howell, T. Yamashita, Boncho P. Bonev, Stefano Bagnulo, G. P. Tozzi, Hideyo Kawakita, Tushar P. Prabhu, P. Colom, H. Tran, J. Aycock, Andrew J. Coates, Jack D. Drummond, Chick E Woodward, N. Biver, Harold A. Weaver, James E. Lyke, Bin Yang, Patrick Seitzer, Alan Fitzsimmons, Richard Dekany, Michael S. P. Kelley, Zhong-Yi Lin, Shigehisa Takakuwa, M. Sumner, Mark Gurwell, Rita Schulz, Harold J. Reitsema, Karen J. Meech, Bidushi Bhattacharya, Choogon Lee, Gerald Moriarty-Schieven, Samuel Gulkis, O. Marco, D. Harrington, Matthew M. Knight, David E. Harker, Roberto Vázquez, Olivier Hainaut, R. Swaters, M. Schirmer, Z.J. Jiang, X. Zhao, Fernando Selman, Humberto Campins, Tom Stallard, Maria Womack, Daisuke Iono, Noemi Pinilla-Alonso, Pierre Martin, E. Thompson, William M. Jackson, Alan T. Tokunaga, Bryan E. Penprase, Al Conrad, Amy J. Lovell, Mitsuhiko Honda, Rosemary Barber, A. C. Zook, David K. Lynch, A. Delsanti, Hermann Boehnhardt, B. E. A. Mueller, Wing-Huen Ip, G. LoCurto, Xin Zhou, Faith Vilas, Kevin J. Walsh, Peter H. Schultz, Y.-B. Yang, Chunhua Qi, R. Furusho, A. Zauderer, Erika L. Gibb, J. Pittichova, M. Weiler, Steven B. Charnley, Dominique Bockelée-Morvan, Gary J. Melnick, R. Vasundhara, Shigeyuki Sako, Anny Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, David J. Osip, Naruhisa Takato, Claude Arpigny, Iain Coulson, Mitchell Troy, R. Ruane, M. Kidger, Alison B. Peck, Javier Licandro, N. Moskovitz, Carl Hergenrother, Eric Pantin, David A. Neufeld, Colin Snodgrass, N. Dello Russo, Harold M. Butner, Takafumi Ootsubo, P.B. Etzel, Seiji Sugita, J. E. Thomas-Osip, Karen Magee-Sauer, Klaus-Werner Hodapp, W. Weaver, J. de León, James M. Bauer, Olivier Groussin, G. Maheswar, Tony L. Farnham, P. Rodriguez, A. Ates, F. Bensch, G. Petitas, Paul Hirst, Michael A. DiSanti, Rachel Paterno-Mahler, F. Chaffee, Patrick M. Vora, J. van Cleve, J.-M. Zucconi, Tanyu Bonev, Steve Miller, J. Ma, Martin Harwit, Z.-Y. Wu, J. A. Stüwe, Carey M. Lisse, Toshihiro Kasuga, S. Muneer, John Sarkissian, Chadwick A. Trujillo, Emanuela Pompei, Nalin H. Samarasinha, Paul D. Feldman, Qiang Li, Edith Hadamcik, Haruhiko Fujiwara, S. Yokogawa, Institute for Astronomy [Honolulu], University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] ( ESO ), European Southern Observatory ( ESO ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Université de Liège, Pomona College, Australian Centre for Astrobiology, University of New South Wales [Sydney] ( UNSW ), University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación ( UMCE ), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias ( IAC ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ) -NASA, RadioAstronomisches Institut [Bonn] ( RAIUB ), Bonn Universität [Bonn], California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), Mullard Space Science Laboratory ( MSSL ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ), Atmospheric Physics Laboratory [UCL London], Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles ( AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London], Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon ( LAOB ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), University College of London [London] (UCL), Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación (UMCE), Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Belton Space Initiatives, RadioAstronomisches Institut [Bonn] (RAIUB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Toledo, Institute of Astronomy of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Lowell Observatory [Flagstaff], Joint Astronomy Center (JAC), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), W.M. Keck Observatory, University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Roma (IASF-Roma), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), United States Air Force (USAF), Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Gemini Observatory [Southern Operations Center], Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), San Diego State University (SDSU), University of Maryland System, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Western Sydney University, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes (ING), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (UMR 6091) (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), University of Central Florida [Orlando], Western Sydney University (UWS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (LAOB)

Subjects
Cosmic Dust, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Comet, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Meteoroids, Mass ratio, 01 natural sciences, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Astrobiology, Photometry, Deep Impact, [ PHYS.ASTR.EP ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Jupiter, 0103 physical sciences, Organic Chemicals, Ejecta, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 209名, Accepted: 2005-09-01, 資料番号: SA1004082000

Published
2005

7. Gender reassignment surgery and the gynecological patient(1)

Author

S R., Fugate, C C., Apodaca, and M L., Hibbert

Abstract

With the increasing number of open transsexuals in the population and the advances in reconstructive surgical techniques, gender reassignment surgery has been increasing since the 1960s. Secondary to the increase in patients undergoing gender reassignment surgery, the practicing gynecologist is more likely to encounter a transsexual patient. A 49-year-old, nulligravid, white female presented to the gynecology clinic for her annual gynecological exam. Her past surgical history was significant for male to female gender reassignment surgery in 1991. Her hormonal medications included levothyroxine and estrogen. She described a strong family history of breast cancer for which she was being followed in our institutional Breast Watch Clinic. On physical examination, findings were notable for surgically constructed female external genitalia and a neovagina. The rectal exam was normal and failed to demonstrate any prostate pathology. It is important for the experienced gynecologist to be familiar with transsexualism, the reconstructive surgery involved, the surgical complications, and gender identity support groups and clinics available to these patients. Transsexuals should be treated to the extent possible like other female gynecological patients, while care is taken not to overlook underlying or preexisting medical conditions, including conditions unique to the prior and new genders.

Published
2001

8. Halo Properties and Their Influence on Companion Searches at the Starfire Optical Range

Author

P.T. Ryan, J.R.P. Angel, D.W. McCarthy, L.M. Close, S. Mohanty, R. Fugate, and D.G. Sandler

Abstract

One of the questions which has endured for as long as man has looked at the heavens is ”Are we alone?”. Are there beings on other planets who are also looking into the heavens? The first requirement for alien life similar to our own is that there be planets orbiting other stars. The early stages of planet formation as dictated by theory appear to be robust and several large planets have recently been detected by indirect means[1][2]. Direct imaging is currently being used to search for less ambitious, yet still scientifically interesting faint objects called Brown Dwarfs. The most convincing evidence of a Brown Dwarf, a cross between a star and a planet, was discovered by direct imaging with the aid of a 7.7 arcsecond separation from a companion star[3].

Published
1996

9. High Resolution Spectroscopy with an Adaptive Optics Telescope

Author

N. Woolf, J.R.P. Angel, J. Black, J. Ge, B. Jacobsen, M. Lloyd-Hart, and R. Fugate

Abstract

High resolution spectroscopy of stars has been rarely used because at visible wavelengths, the atmosphere produces a star image typically 10-20 times the diffraction limit of the telescope. Either the grating must be used at a far poorer resolution than its diffraction limit, or much light must be lost at the slit.

Published
1995

10. In my opinion...pressures for cost containment

Author

S B, Fried, P F, Schmitz, E E, Burrow, and R, Fugate

Subjects
Personnel, Hospital, Missouri, Consultants, Cost Control, Hospital Bed Capacity, 300 to 499, Administrative Personnel
Published
1980

11. Deep Impact: observations from a worldwide Earth-based campaign.

Author

Meech KJ, Ageorges N, A'Hearn MF, Arpigny C, Ates A, Aycock J, Bagnulo S, Bailey J, Barber R, Barrera L, Barrena R, Bauer JM, Belton MJ, Bensch F, Bhattacharya B, Biver N, Blake G, Bockelée-Morvan D, Boehnhardt H, Bonev BP, Bonev T, Buie MW, Burton MG, Butner HM, Cabanac R, Campbell R, Campins H, Capria MT, Carroll T, Chaffee F, Charnley SB, Cleis R, Coates A, Cochran A, Colom P, Conrad A, Coulson IM, Crovisier J, deBuizer J, Dekany R, de Léon J, Dello Russo N, Delsanti A, DiSanti M, Drummond J, Dundon L, Etzel PB, Farnham TL, Feldman P, Fernández YR, Filipovic MD, Fisher S, Fitzsimmons A, Fong D, Fugate R, Fujiwara H, Fujiyoshi T, Furusho R, Fuse T, Gibb E, Groussin O, Gulkis S, Gurwell M, Hadamcik E, Hainaut O, Harker D, Harrington D, Harwit M, Hasegawa S, Hergenrother CW, Hirst P, Hodapp K, Honda M, Howell ES, Hutsemékers D, Iono D, Ip WH, Jackson W, Jehin E, Jiang ZJ, Jones GH, Jones PA, Kadono T, Kamath UW, Käufl HU, Kasuga T, Kawakita H, Kelley MS, Kerber F, Kidger M, Kinoshita D, Knight M, Lara L, Larson SM, Lederer S, Lee CF, Levasseur-Regourd AC, Li JY, Li QS, Licandro J, Lin ZY, Lisse CM, LoCurto G, Lovell AJ, Lowry SC, Lyke J, Lynch D, Ma J, Magee-Sauer K, Maheswar G, Manfroid J, Marco O, Martin P, Melnick G, Miller S, Miyata T, Moriarty-Schieven GH, Moskovitz N, Mueller BE, Mumma MJ, Muneer S, Neufeld DA, Ootsubo T, Osip D, Pandea SK, Pantin E, Paterno-Mahler R, Patten B, Penprase BE, Peck A, Petitas G, Pinilla-Alonso N, Pittichova J, Pompei E, Prabhu TP, Qi C, Rao R, Rauer H, Reitsema H, Rodgers SD, Rodriguez P, Ruane R, Ruch G, Rujopakarn W, Sahu DK, Sako S, Sakon I, Samarasinha N, Sarkissian JM, Saviane I, Schirmer M, Schultz P, Schulz R, Seitzer P, Sekiguchi T, Selman F, Serra-Ricart M, Sharp R, Snell RL, Snodgrass C, Stallard T, Stecklein G, Sterken C, Stüwe JA, Sugita S, Sumner M, Suntzeff N, Swaters R, Takakuwa S, Takato N, Thomas-Osip J, Thompson E, Tokunaga AT, Tozzi GP, Tran H, Troy M, Trujillo C, Van Cleve J, Vasundhara R, Vazquez R, Vilas F, Villanueva G, von Braun K, Vora P, Wainscoat RJ, Walsh K, Watanabe J, Weaver HA, Weaver W, Weiler M, Weissman PR, Welsh WF, Wilner D, Wolk S, Womack M, Wooden D, Woodney LM, Woodward C, Wu ZY, Wu JH, Yamashita T, Yang B, Yang YB, Yokogawa S, Zook AC, Zauderer A, Zhao X, Zhou X, and Zucconi JM

Subjects
Cosmic Dust, Jupiter, Organic Chemicals, Photometry, Meteoroids
Abstract

On 4 July 2005, many observatories around the world and in space observed the collision of Deep Impact with comet 9P/Tempel 1 or its aftermath. This was an unprecedented coordinated observational campaign. These data show that (i) there was new material after impact that was compositionally different from that seen before impact; (ii) the ratio of dust mass to gas mass in the ejecta was much larger than before impact; (iii) the new activity did not last more than a few days, and by 9 July the comet's behavior was indistinguishable from its pre-impact behavior; and (iv) there were interesting transient phenomena that may be correlated with cratering physics.

Published
2005
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12. Protein kinase C modulation of cardiomyocyte angiotensin II and vasopressin receptor desensitization.

Author

Zhang M, Turnbaugh D, Cofie D, Dogan S, Koshida H, Fugate R, and Kem DC

Subjects
Analysis of Variance, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Female, Kinetics, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Vasopressin physiology, Angiotensin II pharmacology, Arginine Vasopressin pharmacology, Calcium metabolism, Heart drug effects, Myocardium metabolism, Protein Kinase C metabolism, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate pharmacology
Abstract

Angiotensin II (Ang II) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) increased intracellular free Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i and/or the [Ca2+]i transient rate (CaTR) in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. These agents increased membrane-bound protein kinase C (PKC) with peak activity at 5 and 10 minutes, respectively. Two-minute exposure to Ang II produced homologous desensitization to a repeated stimulation with Ang II and heterologous desensitization to AVP. Two-minute exposure to AVP also produced homologous desensitization to AVP but not heterologous desensitization to Ang II. When the AVP exposure time was increased from 2 to 10 minutes coincident with maximal AVP-mediated PKC activation, heterologous desensitization to Ang II was also observed. Acute activation (15 minutes) of PKC by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) blocked responsiveness to both Ang II and AVP. When PKC activation was inhibited by 20 hours of prior exposure to PMA, as confirmed by PKC assay, homologous desensitization of Ang II still occurred, confirming an alternative mechanism(s) for homologous desensitization in the cardiomyocytes. In contrast, 20-hour PMA suppression of PKC markedly diminished the ability of the cardiomyocytes to exhibit AVP-mediated heterologous desensitization for Ang II. These data indicate that PKC activation plays a primary role in mediating vasopressin V1 receptor-induced heterologous desensitization of the Ang II receptor and participates in a hierarchy of two or more kinase systems mediating homologous desensitization of the Ang II receptor in cardiomyocytes.

Published
1996
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13. Ricin disturbs calcium homeostasis in the rabbit heart.

Author

Ma L, Hsu CH, Fugate R, Patterson E, Thadani U, and Robinson CP

Subjects
Animals, Cells, Cultured, Male, Mitochondria, Heart drug effects, Mitochondria, Heart metabolism, Rabbits, Calcium metabolism, Heart drug effects, Ricin poisoning
Abstract

Ricin, a toxic lectin from the castor bean, affects the cardiovascular system. Because calcium is very important in cardiotoxicity and cell intoxication, we studied the effects of ricin pretreatment to rabbits on basal intracellular calcium levels and calcium uptake and release from isolated papillary muscle, microsomes, and mitochondria. An increase in basal intracellular calcium levels was observed. Ricin pretreatment nearly doubled the intracellular-free Ca2+ concentration as measured by fura-2 fluorescence microscopy in isolated myocytes (p = 0.002). Ricin did not alter basal calcium efflux in isolated papillary muscles. However, ricin inhibited the NE-induced calcium efflux (expressed as fractional efflux ratios) in papillary muscles from rabbits receiving the minimum lethal dose of ricin at 25-35 minutes (p = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). Ricin depressed basal calcium uptake into isolated papillary muscles at 5 minutes (mean +/- SEM, mumol/g wet weight) (control: 3.68 +/- 0.57; ricin: 2.31 +/- 0.28, p = 0.045, n = 6). Ricin pretreatment significantly depressed calcium uptake into microsomes (mean +/- SEM, mumol/g protein) (control: 9.9 +/- 1.9; ricin: 3.1 +/- 1.9, p = 0.025, n = 6). Calcium uptake into mitochondria was increased at the beginning (2 minutes, p = 0.048), but not thereafter. Thus, administration of ricin disturbed calcium homeostasis in the rabbit heart, which may be at least partially responsible for altering cardiac function and myocardial cell death.

Published
1995
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14. Alzheimer disease amyloid proteins inhibit brain endothelial cell proliferation in vitro.

Author

Grammas P, Botchlet T, Fugate R, Ball MJ, and Roher AE

Subjects
Brain metabolism, Calcium metabolism, Cell Count, Cells, Cultured, Endothelium drug effects, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Amyloid beta-Peptides pharmacology, Brain drug effects, Cell Division drug effects, Endothelium cytology
Abstract

Despite the close morphological association of beta-amyloid and vascular cells, the functional effects of amyloid in cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer's disease have not been assessed. In this study, effects of amyloid fractions purified from senile plaques of AD brains were compared to synthetic amyloid peptides for their ability to affect brain endothelial cells in vitro. Our results indicate that plaque-derived amyloid inhibit brain endothelial cell proliferation in vitro by 40%. This inhibition was specific for plaque-derived amyloid, was not evoked by synthetic A beta 1-40, and was not mediated by alterations in intracellular calcium levels. Amyloid fractions from AD brains, although not directly toxic to brain endothelial cells, inhibit endothelial replication in vitro and therefore could alter the ability of vessels to repair and regenerate after injury.

Published
1995
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15. In my opinion...pressures for cost containment.

Author

Fried SB, Schmitz PF, Burrow EE, and Fugate R

Subjects
Cost Control, Hospital Bed Capacity, 300 to 499, Missouri, Administrative Personnel education, Consultants, Personnel, Hospital education
Published
1980

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